Research

Paper
(Cell Phone/ Mobile Phone)

Submitted by:

Mike Jobernard F. Solangon

I-BSA

Submitted to:

Dr. Reynaldo Narzoles

Instructor
 HISTORY OF CELL PHONE OR MOBILE PHONE

Do you remember or can you imagine how things were some two to three decades ago
when there were no mobile phones? Messaging was done through letters, messengers,
landlines, fax and the rest. Delays, among other inconveniences, characterized that tread.
Today, things are much better; mobile phone communication has made calling,
messaging, chatting, and video calling a real-time event. It is convenient, cost-effective,
and can be done anywhere as long as network connectivity is available. Amid all those
benefits, you cannot overlook the disadvantages of mobile phones. Among all, there is
this most recent and developing disadvantage called nomophobia. It is the fear and state
of anxiousness related to being without a mobile phone. It is most rampant among
campus and college youths although older adults are getting into the mix.

Although most of us feel like we couldn't live without our mobile phones, they've not
really been in existence for very long. In fact, mobile phones as we know them today
have only been around in the last 20 years. When were mobile phones invented? Mobile
phones, particularly the smartphones that have become our inseparable companions
today, are relatively new. However, the history of mobile phones goes back to 1908 when
a US Patent was issued in Kentucky for a wireless telephone. Mobile phones were
invented as early as the 1940s when engineers working at AT&T developed cells for
mobile phone base stations.

Martin "Marty" Cooper (born December 26, 1928) is an American engineer. He is a

pioneer in the wireless communications industry, especially in radio spectrum
management, with eleven patents in the field.

While at Motorola in the 1970s, Cooper invented the first handheld cellular mobile phone
(distinct from the car phone) in 1973 and led the team that developed it and brought it to
market in 1983. He is considered the "father of the (handheld) cell phone and is also cited
as the first person in history to make a handheld cellular phone call in public.

Cooper is co-founder of numerous communications companies with his wife and business
partner Arlene Harris; He is co-founder and current Chairman of Dyna LLC, in Del Mar,
California. Cooper also sits on committees supporting the U.S. Federal Communications
Commission and the United States Department of Commerce.
The very first mobile phones were not really mobile phones at all. They were two-way
radios that allowed people like taxi drivers and the emergency services to communicate.
Instead of relying on base stations with separate cells (and the signal being passed from
one cell to another), the first mobile phone networks involved one very powerful base
station covering a much wider area.

Motorola, on 3 April 1973 were first company to mass produce the the first handheld
mobile phone. These early mobile phones are often referred to as 0G mobile phones,
or Zero Generation mobile phones. Most phones today rely on 3Gor 4G mobile
technology. Mobile telephony has a long history that started off with experiments of
communications from and to moving vehicle rather then handheld devices.

In later years, the main challenges have laid in the development of interoperable standard
and coping with the explosive success and ever increasing demand for bandwidth and
reliability.

1946: The first calls were made on a car radiotelephone in Chicago. Due to the small
number of radio frequencies available, the service quickly reached capacity.

1973: Dr Martin Cooper general manager at Motorola communications system division

made the first public mobile phone call on a device that weighed 1.1Kg.

1985: Comedian Ernie Wise made the first “public” mobile phone call in the UK from
outside the Dicken’s Pub in St Catherine’s dock to Vodafone’s HQ. He made the call in
full Dickensian coachman’s garb.

1992: The world’s first ever SMS message was sent in the UK. Neil Papworth, aged 22 at
the time was a developer for a telecom contractor tasked with developing a messaging
service for Vodafone. The text message read “Merry Christmas” and was sent to Richard
Jarvis, a director at Vodafone, who was enjoying his office Christmas party.

1998: The first downloadable content sold to mobile phones was the ringtone, launched
by Finland's Radiolinja, laying the groundwork for an industry that would eventually see
the Crazy Frog ringtone rack up total earnings of half a billion dollars and beat stadium-
filling sob-rockers Coldplay to the number one spot in the UK charts.
1999: Emojis were invented by Shigetaka Kurita in Japan. Unlike their all-text
predecessor’s emoticons, emojis are pictures.

The same year in the UK sees the first shots fired in a supermarket price war, with Tesco,
Sainsbury’s and Asda selling Pay and Go phones at discounted prices. For the first time,
you could pick up a mobile phone for just under £40.

The first BlackBerry phone was also unveiled in 1999. Famous for its super-easy email
service, BlackBerry handsets were seen as the ultimate business tool, allowing users to
read and respond to emails from anywhere. This led to 83% of users reading and
responding to work emails while on holiday, and over half admitted to sending emails on
the toilet, winning the manufacturer the nickname CrackBerry.

2000: The all-conquering Nokia 3310 crash landed on shop shelves. Naturally it was
unscathed and went on to sell 126 million units.

Over in Japan, the first commercially available camera phone The Sharp J-SH04,
launched in November 2000 in Japan. The only snag you could only use it in Japan.
Europe wouldn’t get its first camera phone until the arrival of the Nokia 6750 in 2002.

2003: The 3G standard started to be adopted worldwide, kicking off the age of mobile
internet and paving the way for the rise of smartphones. Honk Kong-based Hutchinson
Wampoa owned three brands offered the first 3G network connection in the UK among
other countries.

Staying very much on-brand, three ranged a trio of 3G handsets, namely: the Motorola
A830, the NEC e606 and NEC e808.

Nepal was one of the first countries in southern Asia to launch 3G services. One of
Nepal’s first companies to offer the service, Ncell, also covered Mount Everest with 3G.

2008: The first Android phone turned up, in the form of the T-Mobile G1. Now dubbed
the O.G of Android phones, it was a long way from the high-end Android smartphones
we use today. Not least because it retained a physical keyboard and a BlackBerry-style
trackball for navigation.
This year also saw the advent of both Apple’s App Store and Android Market, later
renamed Google Play Store, paving the way for our modern-day app culture and creating
a $77 billion industry.

2009: O2 publicly announced that it had successfully demonstrated a 4G connection

using six LTE masts in Slough, UK. The technology, which was supplied by Huawei,
achieved a peak downlink rate of 150Mbps.

WhatsApp also launched that year, letting customers send and receive calls and
messages via the internet. The messaging system now has 1.2 billion users sending more
than 10 billion messages a day. This makes it 50% more popular than traditional texting.

2010: Samsung launched its first Galaxy S smartphone. Usurping former Android giants,
HTC, the Samsung Galaxy S range is still the most popular Android brand..

2016: The Pokemon Go app launched worldwide. The free augmented reality game uses
the smartphone camera and location to show Pokemon characters in the real world. The
aim of the game is to travel to different locations to collect as many Pokemon as possible,
leading countless gamers to walk into lamp-posts in their quest to catch ‘em all.

2017: The Nokia 3310 had a revival, sporting a fresh version equipped with basic web
browsing, a colourful screen and even a camera. Despite this, it still retained our
favourite features from the original 3310, including the iconic design, super-long battery
life and even an updated version of Snake. Needless to say, it stole the show at the
Mobile World Congress (MWC) tech expo and was one of the biggest hits of the year.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF CELL PHONE OR
MOBILE PHONE

DISADVANTAGES OF MOBILE PHONES

The term mobile phone encompasses cell phones and smartphones. They might seem
indispensable communication gadgets but below are some of the disadvantages attached
to their usage.

Interruptions

Mobile phones are a constant, always available, and real-time communication avenue.
Incoming calls, emails, texts or social media-related notification get into your phone a
few seconds after being sent. It is a convenient thing but how about all those ringing and
notifications when listening to a manager or CEO in a business meeting? That sound does
not interrupt you alone but also the speaker and other members in the room. It does not
end there; mobile phone interruptions happen at weddings, family gatherings, movie
theatres or offices. It is not only an annoying but also a frustrating happening.

Distraction

How could distraction to not be among the disadvantages of mobile phones? By mobile
phones creating a real-time communication avenue, the compelling feeling to make calls,
text or even video calls while driving or working is very distracting. This does not only
come as a detrimental effect on work or class productivity. The Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC) say every day close to nine people die in road accidents
caused by a mobile phone-distracted driver.

There are almost 700,000 drivers who will pick up their cell phone while in their vehicle
for some reason during any given day. Some are reading and responding to text messages
that come through. Others are making phone calls without the use of hands-free
technology. There are nearly 2 million accidents that occur in the United States because
of distracted driving issues that involve cell phones.
Over 20% of accidents that involve a fatality and a teen driver include the influence of a
cell phone as part of the incident. It isn’t just driving that is dangerous. Pedestrian
accidents which involve cell phone use are rising as well, with people falling into
fountains, venturing into traffic, or slamming into poles because they never look up from
their screen. The National Safety Council has even added “distracted walking” as an
injury category, with over 2,000 accidents happening per year.

Isolation

It's true mobile phones make people connected and the world a small village. But if not
used carefully, it can isolate you from family and people around you. One of the typical
negative impacts is where you meet a group of youths seated around a coffee table but
not talking to each other; all are glued to their cell or smartphone screens. Additionally, if
a teenager or a partner is too much into their mobile phone, this can hurt their relationship
with the family or partner respectively.

Health problems

Late night chats and mobile phone games playing on bright screen results to eye
problems. On a different note, network waves can result in some skin cancers. If you
decide to scrutinize the disadvantages of mobile phones usage, there are even more. Eye
cancer, sleeplessness which causes chronic fatigue during the day, and infertility related
to Wi-Fi connectivity are among the worries.

Loss of money

Being a mobile phone enthusiast, trend and fashion lover will leave you minus a
considerable amount of money maybe every three to six months. You want to have that
latest brand, that new and nice looking phone accessory; all result in debits to your
pocket. Not to forget airtime credit and internet charges every day. If you purchase an
older cell phone or one with limited features, then you can find one for less than $100 in
most locations. When you want to have access to the latest technology from the industry,
then you are going to pay a price for that access. The latest iPhone models are priced
above $1,000, so even payment plans with a data provider create three years of debt to
manage for some consumers. Specialty cell phones can be priced above $10,000 in some
situations as well.
It exposes people to the problem of cyber bullying more often.

Before we had access to a cell phone, the only way that someone could become a
cyberbully was to call you on your landline or send an unfriendly email. The technology
we have today allows for instant updates, posts, and comments which can lead to this
behavior. There are no longer any safe places if you keep your phone on 24/7. Even
people you don’t know can decide to troll your social media accounts to create conflict.

Only 10% of kids with a cell phone say that they will talk to their parents if they
experience cyber bullying at home, but 90% of teens have access to a personal cell
phone. When we have so many different ways to communicate, then that increases the
number of opportunities for one person to bully another.

Cell phone technologies can create addictive tendencies in people.

The average person in the United States spends over 180 minutes each day in front of
their cell phone as a smartphone owner. That means you spend almost 40% more time on
your cell phone if you hit that time target than you do finding something to eat each day.
The average person will check their device over 80 times per day, sometimes even
logging in without any notifications, just because the act of getting into the phone
provides comfort.

People can become emotionally tied to their phones in such a way that they feel grief,
anxiety, or despair if they forget it at home. About half of adults who own a smartphone
say that there are times when they feel lost without the device in their possession.

There are issues of sexual abuse, exploitation, and child pornography with cell
phones.

Sexting is one of the most significant issues that happens with the modern cell phone,
especially for teens under the age of 18. When someone takes a nude picture of
themselves to send to someone else that can be a violation of the law. Only 11% of kids
admit that they have sent an image of themselves to a stranger, but 4 out of 5 teens in this
category say that they did so.
It’s not just directed at our kids either. 40% of teens say that they have received an
explicit or aggressive message in this category that was meant for someone else. Over
10% of girls say that they receive pressure from someone that they know to send a
message with an image of themselves.

Cell phone batteries can be dangerous.

Although the Samsung Galaxy Note 7 is the most famous example of a malfunctioning
battery in a device, there are several different health concerns to consider with this
technology. If you use a phone for an extended time, then it can heat up enough to cause
burns to sensitive skin. The heat generated by the battery can also cause flammable items
to ignite in some situations.

Can lessen the sperm count

There are also some concerns about the long-term exposure to electromagnetic radiation
that can come from cell phones. Several students have shown that men who use a cell
phone frequently have lower sperm count viability and mobility than those who do not. It
may also increase the oxidative stress on some cells, which could eventually lead to DNA
damage.

ADVANTAGES OF MOBILE PHONES

The advantages of mobile phones make them fundamental accessories if not necessities.
There are several economic and social advantages as explained below.

Connect to the world

Mobile phones technology made and still makes the world a small village. With one of
them in your pocket, as long as it is on, you can connect with friends, family or even
make new friends around the globe. Thanks to calling ability, texting, video calls, chats,
and the event full social media, you will remain connected as long as you wish. Before
there were cell phones widely available, the only way that you could call for emergency
services was from a direct landline or a car phone. That meant you would need to know
where the nearest phone booth or emergency placement was in every neighborhood to
ensure that you could contact the authorities when help was necessary. Now that most
people own one, it is possible to call for help at any time if you have a signal available.

Many of today’s cell phones allow you to use your data connection as a personal hotspot.
That means you can use the data from your plan to access the Internet on any device you
own. If you hand out your password to someone that you trust, they can tether to your
phone to get online as well. That means you receive better access since you’re no longer
tied to a traditional Wi-Fi connection. You can work almost anywhere, which means there
is more flexibility in how you schedule your hours or choose where to work – especially
if you are a freelancer, telecommuter, or self-employed in some other way.

Entertainment

From the most known Nokia Snake game to the newest fun games, it is almost impossible
to get bored while you have a mobile phone in your pocket. There are many crossword
puzzle games to keep you busy entertained in addition to thousands of online and offline
games applications. Additionally, kids have the opportunity to enjoy cartoons and games
on these mobile devices. Many of today’s cell phones have enough memory and storage
available where mobile gaming becomes a possibility. 42% of owners say that they use
their device to play games or perform activities because it helps them to cure boredom.
One of the most common places where people use their phones is in the bathroom, where
up to 75% of people say that they use it to check Facebook or other social media sites,
play a game, or even read their email.

Safety

Regarding the case on advantages and disadvantages of mobile phones, advantages

accrued from having a phone go much behold the intentional ones. When traveling or
going for a hike, your mobile phone offers entertainment and company. But think of it as
a safety gadget. When you forget your direction back home or even get hijacked, a
mobile phone GPRS can help you trace your way home or help authorities to locate you
respectively. If any emergency situation happens like an accident or a car breakdown, you
can call for rescue or help. There are “emergencies” when you may not need law
enforcement help, but you still need assistance to find your way. If you have a connection
to a cellular tower, then you can use the apps on your device to manage whatever
situation you’re facing at that moment. When you get lost, then a GPS tool can help you
to get back to where you need to be. You can look up where the nearest gas station or
restaurant is so that you can refuel.

There are Maps tools from Google and Apple that can help you to navigate when taking a
road trip as well. These options can give you an estimated time of arrival, help you to
calculate mileage, or even find a place for you to safely spend the night.

Alarm & reminder

You can manage a to-do list using your mobile phones reminder option. Additionally, if
you are planning to wake up early in the morning, you can set the alarm with a volume
and notification sound of choice. This will help you wake up early enough and avoid
being later for your meeting, class or any scheduled activity.

Data transfer

At the current age, with a mobile phone, you do not have to send your credentials, video,
photos or even document through the post office anymore. With a few button presses or
screen touching, your data transfer will be sent and received within a few seconds across
the globe.

Various utilities

Your phone is not only a call, entertainment or data transfer gadget. There are other utility
tips of these devices. A mobile phone can act as a torch, a recording device, data storage,
calculator, calendar, camera, and many other utility features

These devices allow us to retrieve information quickly.

51% of adult cell phone owners say that they use their device to access information
quickly when they need to know something right away. Over one-quarter of cell phone
owners told Pew Research that they had experienced a situation in the past 30 days where
they had trouble doing something because their phone was not available to them. With
77% of phones having “smart” capabilities, these devices are our cameras, alarm clocks,
Internet access, watches, and device controllers all rolled into one package.

Because we have this level of information access available to us through cell phones, it
allows all of us to be more productive because we’re spending less time trying to recall
something or find the data through an alternative purpose. Let’s not forget about the fact
that cell phones are still useful for their talk and text capabilities as well. You can call
your best friend to chat or swap messages as a way to cure your boredom too. Even 30%
of users say that they’ll answer the phone when using the bathroom.

It stores multiple information items for easy access.

The modern smartphone can store hundreds of pictures so that you can keep track of all
of the family memories that happen throughout the year. If you have access to a cloud-
storage program, you could take unlimited photos and videos with your device. Many
smartphones can provide you with a calendar app or scheduler so that you always know
where you need to be during the day.

You can dictate documents into a cell phone today, set an alarm to maintain productivity,
and play music through streaming services or your favorite downloads. It is one of the
best all-in-one tools that is available today to help us manage our lives, which is why so
many people feel lost when they forget their device at home.

INNOVATION THAT HELP THE SOCIETY

Modern-day smartphones are pretty unrecognisable from the analogue bricks we used to
cart around. The likes of 2017’s iPhone X and Samsung S10 have brought us stunning
all-screen fronts that are perfect for watching videos and playing games. Meanwhile their
face-scanning technology enables you to unlock your device just by looking at it. And
also the finger print sensor that makes it more innovative and unique. Professional dual-
lens cameras are now becoming standard on high-end smartphones while the handsets
themselves are becoming ever more durable, with impressive waterproofing and tough
Gorilla Glass screens. At the present days there are different company that produce
different brand of phone, one of them are Oppo, Vivo, Samsung, Sony, Firefly, Apple,
Huawei.
Cell phones have become a necessity for many people throughout the world. The ability
to keep in touch with family, business associates, and access to email are only a few of
the reasons for the increasing importance of cell phones. Today's technically advanced
cell phones are capable of not only receiving and placing phone calls, but storing data,
taking pictures, and can even be used as walkie talkies, to name just a few of the
available options.

When cell phones were first introduced to the public, they were bulky, expensive, and
some even required a base unit that had to be transported along with the phone. Good
reception was a major problem and in general, early cell phones could only be used in
certain locations were the signal was particularly strong. As cell phone technology
advanced, the difficult in using them became less of a problem. Today, cell phone
reception has improved greatly due to the use of satellites and wireless services. As cell
phones improved and became simple to use, the importance of cell phones increased
accordingly.

Cell phones are the perfect way to stay connected with others and provide the user with a
sense of security.

In the event of emergency, having a cell phone can allow help to reach you quickly and
could possibly save lives. However, the importance of cell phones goes way beyond
personal safety. Modern cell phones are capable of internet access, sending and receiving
photos and files, and some cell phones are equipped with GPS technology, allowing for
use in most locations around the world and allowing the cell phone to be found or the
user located in the event of loss or emergency.

Cell phone reception has become reliable and of high quality due to advances in wireless
technology. Wireless service providers offer excellent packages and promotions for cell
phone users. Finding a dependable service provider is no longer an issue for cell phone
users. The expansion of the wireless service provider industry gives cell phone users a
choice and the increased competition has caused a drop in prices of wireless cell phone
service. The importance of cell phones goes way beyond the ability to make or receive
phone calls. Cell phone users can instantly send data to the home or office, check for
important email, use their cell phone as a PDA or calendar, and store photos which can be
easily transferred to a PC or laptop computer.
Cell phone manufacturers have produced a wide range of cell phones, which sell for
prices that range from very inexpensive to over one thousand dollars. The available
options give users the choice of purchasing a basic cell phone to use simply for making
calls, or choosing a complex, technologically advanced cell phone that can perform as
many or even more tasks that a home computer. Over the past decade, the increasing
importance of cell phones has made them almost a necessity for most people. Even
remote and underdeveloped countries have some access to cell phone technology and
wireless services.

The importance of cell phones has increased the competition in the wireless service
provider industry, making cell phones very affordable and very easy to use. Cell
phones have become almost a status symbol in addition to the convenience and security
that comes from owning them.