Aquaculture (less commonly spelled aquiculture[2]), also known

as aquafarming, is the farming of fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic

plants, algae, and other organisms. Aquaculture involves cultivating
freshwater and saltwater populations under controlled conditions,
and can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is the
harvesting of wild fish.[3] Mariculturerefers to aquaculture
practiced in marine environments and in underwater habitats.

Aquaculture is the breeding, rearing, and harvesting of fish,

shellfish, plants, algae, and other organisms in all types of water
environments.
Fishing Techniques – Different Types of Fishing

Noodling is fishing with hands practiced in South of the United

States. Fishermen catch catfish by sticking hand into a catfish hole
where this fish lives.
Flounder tramping is a method of fishing practiced in Scottish
village of Palnackie on every August. People compete in catching the
flounder (which is a species of flatfish) by stamping on them.
Spearfishing is fishing with ordinary spears or with their variants
like harpoons, tridents, arrows, Hawaiian slings, and spearguns.
Netting is method of fishing which uses fishing nets. There are many
types of nets for different uses and different fish. Cast net (or throw
net) is a smaller round net with weights on it edges. Gillnet is placed
in water vertically (using combination of weights and floats) and
catches fish which try to pass through it. Trawl net is large, conical a
dragged by ship
Angling is fishing with a hook (angle), line and rod. Hook has bait on
it and is sometimes weighted with a sinker.
Fly fishing uses artificial flies as lures with specially constructed fly
rods and fly lines. Artificial flies are usually hand made in variety of
shapes.
Bottom fishing is angling with heavy weight at the bottom of water.
It can be done from boats and from the land and its aim is catching
the fish that lives at the bottom.
Ice fishing is angling through the hole in the ice during the time of a
year when a body of water is frozen.
Fishing from float tube is fishing from a small inflatable boat (very
small). It is used from fly fishing and when fishermen use it they
don’t scare the fish with splashing.
Kite fishing is using kites to carry line and fishhook to the places
that are not easily reachable. It was invented in China and it is still
used on New Guinea and other Pacific Islands.

Trapping is fishing done with traps. Basket weir fish traps are
woven from branches and made so a fish can enter it but not exit.
Lobster traps are similar to basket traps but are smaller and have
more compartments. Fishing weir is a large trap made of logs and
fences, placed in water to fore fish to enter parts of trap from which
it can not exit.
Cormorant fishing was a practice in China and Japan since
14th century. It uses trained cormorants with ring on their neck
which prevents the bird to swallow the fish when it catches it.
Instead it brings the bird to the fisherman.
Electrofishing is method used in freshwater by fisheries scientists.
Electricity is used to stun fish, check fish population and then return
it into water unharmed

Fisheries techniques
Pots and traps
-Pots, traps or ‘creels’ include a variety of designs that take the form
of cages or baskets with one or more openings or entrances, with or
without bait. They are usually set on the seabed, either singly or in
rows, and are connected by ropes (buoy lines) to buoys on the
surface to show their position. Animals enter through a one-way
opening and then can’t escape.
Hook-and-line
is a general term used for a range of fishing methods that employ
short fishing lines with hooks in one form or another (as opposed to
long-lines). It includes hand-lines, hand-reels, powered reels,
rod/pole-and-line, drop lines, and troll lines, all using bait or lures in
various ways to attract target species.
Pelagic long-lines
Long-lines consist of short lines (called snoods) carrying baited
hooks, attached at regular intervals to a longer main line that is laid
on the bottom or suspended horizontally with the help of surface
floats. Main lines can be over 150 km long and can carry several
thousand hooks.
Bottom long-lines
Long-lines consist of short lines (called snoods) carrying hooks,
attached at regular intervals to a longer main line that is laid on, or
close to, the seabed. Main lines are up to 150 km long and can carry
several thousand hooks.

Pelagic gillnets
or ‘set nets’ are fine-filament nets that are kept at or below the
surface by numerous floats and weights and held in position by
anchors. If a fish’s head goes through the net but its body can’t
follow, it is ‘gilled’ or entangled in the netting when it tries to get
out. Gillnets are used either alone or in large numbers placed in a
row.

Bottom gillnets
or ‘set nets’ are fine-filament nets, the lower edge of which touch the
seabed, and are held in place by numerous floats, weights and
anchors. If a fish’s head goes through the net but its body can’t
follow, it is ‘gilled’ or entangled in the netting when it tries to get
out.
Purse seines
Fish are encircled by a large ‘wall’ of net, which is then brought
together to retain the fish by using a line at the bottom that enables
the net to be closed like a purse.
Demersal otter trawls
A type of bottom trawl that has two rectangular 'doors' or
'otterboards' to keep the mouth of the funnel-shaped net open
horizontally while the net is being towed. A vertical opening is
maintained by weights on the bottom and floats on the top.

Beam trawls
A type of bottom trawl in which the horizontal opening of the net is
provided by a heavy beam mounted at each end on guides or skids
that travel along the seabed. On sandy or muddy bottoms, a series of
‘tickler’ chains are strung between the skids ahead of the net to stir
up the fish from the seabed and chase them into the net.
Dredges
Similar to a beam trawl, a dredge consists of a rugged triangular
steel frame and tooth-bearing bar, behind which a mat of linked
steel rings is secured. A heavy netting cover joins the sides and back
of this mat to form a bag in which the catch is retained.