Integrated Pest

Management(IPM) and
Use of Bacteria as
Biopesticide
Presented By:- Sahil Shakya
B.tech Biotechnology(7th semester), AITM
26/3/2018
UN's Food and Agriculture
Organization definition of IPM

“The careful consideration of all available pest control

techniques and subsequent integration of appropriate measures
that discourage the development of pest populations and keep
pesticides and other interventions to levels that are
economically justified and reduce or minimize risks to human
health and the environment.”
Process
• Set Action Threshold
• a point at which pest populations or environmental conditions
indicate that pest control action must be taken.
• The level at which pests will either become an economic
threat is critical to guide future pest control decisions
• Sighting a single pest does not always mean control is needed
• Monitor and Identify Pests

• so that appropriate control decisions can be made in conjunction

with action thresholds
• removes the possibility that pesticides will be used when they are
not really needed or that the wrong kind of pesticide will be used.
• Prevention
• using cultural methods, such as selecting pest-resistant varieties, and
planting pest-free rootstock
• Develop healthy soil.
• Choose the right grass type.
• Mow high, often.
• Water deeply.
• Control
• less risky pest controls are chosen first, including highly targeted
chemicals, such as pheromones to disrupt pest mating
• mechanical control, such as trapping or weeding
• additional pest control methods would be employed, such as
targeted spraying of pesticides
Comparision
Advantages
• Enhance the long- term stability and protection against pests.
• Provide long term solution to pest problem
• Decreased use of chemical application
• reduces risks to the health of staff members.
• reduces the risk of deterioration and disfigurement of
holdings.
• result in a financial savings
Disadvantages
• IPM will require more staff time than traditional pest
management
• IPM will require the coordinated effort of all staff members to
properly implement
• IPM may initially be more expensive than traditional pest
management.
Biopesticide
• Biopesticide is a formulation made from naturally occurring
substances that controls pests by non toxic mechanisms and in
ecofriendly manner
Use of bacteria as biopesticide
Bacterial pathogens used for insect control are usually spore-
forming, rod-shaped bacteria in the genus Bacillus

Ex. B. subtilis, are well-studied organisms(US Food and Drug

Administration (USFDA) has granted the "generally regarded as
safe" (GRAS) status)

They have the capacity to produce spores which are extremely

resistant dormancy forms capable to withstand high
temperatures, unfavorable pH, lack of nutrients or water, etc.
• Bacillus thuringiensis

• Control lepidopterous pests like American bollworm in cotton and

stem borers in rice.

• Agrobacterium radiobacter (Agrocin)

• used to treat roots during transplanting, that checks crown gall

• Pseudomonas fluorescens (Phenazine)

• used to control damping off caused by Pythium sp., Rhizoctonia

solani, Gaeumannomyces graminis.

• It has ability to grow quickly in the rhizosphere

THANK YOU