Abstract

The project on Newly proposed building complex for Attorney general which is located near
the supreme court Colombo-12 was the place that I have been transferred to carry on my
training. The whole electrical part was given to the Electrical division of Tudawe Engineering
Services (pvt) Ltd. Under the Electrical part, laying slab/wall conduits, drawing electrical
cables, fabricating panel boards, fixing them and powering up the building with electricity,
monitoring the consumption of electricity, testing the wiring and electricity supply for any
leakage or for any other defects were crucial steps of the whole project. During my training
period I got to see and experience these activities which are done in order to power up a large
building (In this case a building complex consisting of 12 floors). During this 12 week I had
the opportunity to perform and supervise the conduit laying on slab level and wall level,
perform and supervise the electrical cable laying, see and experience a panel board fabrication,
experience a panel board fixing, experience a cable dressing inside a panel board, experience
a main panel board linkage with 3 phase C.E.B electricity distribution.

The main focus of exposing into above mentioned activities was to sense how the theoretical
knowledge (that has been studied in these 2 years) has implemented practically and get the idea
how those things are performed under a good quality and get the maximum harvest of profit.
During the linkage of main panel board with cables from National grid, one of the laws
(IB<=IN<=IZ>=1.45*I2) which has been used to calculate resistivity of current carrying 240mm2
Cu/Xlpe/PVC cable was examined. Furthermore, during the training period, various methods
of Human Resource Management were learnt from the trainee supervisors.
Acknowledgement

It is a great pleasure for me to acknowledge the assistance and contributions of all the people
who helped me to make my industrial training a success. My training would not have been so
successful, without the dedicated assistance given by those individuals.
I would like to give my special thanks to Mr. Amal Tudawe (C.E.O of Tudawe Engineering
Services (pvt) Ltd.), Eng. Dilan Fernando (Site Engineer for A.G.D’s new office complex
project) and all the officials of Industrial Training Division and NAITA for supervising me
during the training period.
I would also like to thank Mr. R. Sudagar (Engineering Assistant and trainee inspector) Mr.
Buddhika Rathnayake (Engineering Assistant and trainee inspector) and all other Officials of
Electrical Division of Tudawe Engineering Services for the assistance and guidance they have
given. At Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology, I would like to thank Training
Engineer, Dr. Chulantha Kulasekare for providing necessary facilities, lectures and sharing
their knowledge with me.
Finally I would like to thank every individual (who I have not mentioned names above) who
gave me even the slightest support (even by words) to make my Industrial training a success.

Thank you every one!

List of Figures

Figure 01 4-core Cu/XLPE/PVC cable………………………………………………………..00

Figure 02 sub circuit is shown by green dotted lines………………………………………….00
Figure 03 Wall chasing for sunk box………………………………………………………….00
Figure 04 Surface conduiting………………………………………………………………….00
Figure 05 Conduit pipes drawn for LAN……………………………………………………...00
Figure 06 Weekly progress report……………………………………………………………..00
Figure 07 Daily progress report……………………………………………………………….00
Figure 08 Material requisition note……………………………………………………………00
Figure 09 Cable tray…………………………………………………………………………...00
Figure 10 Cable ladder………………………………………………………………………...00
Figure 11 Cable tie bars installed on cable ladder…………………………………………….00
Figure 12 4 pole 63A Molded Case Circuit Breaker…………………………………………..00
Figure 13 4-pole RCD…………………………………………………………………………00
Figure 14 Crimping tool……………………………………………………………………….00
Figure 15 Crimping die………………………………………………………………………...00
Figure 16 Cable Lug…………………………………………………………………………...00
Figure 17 Compression type cable lug………………………………………………………...00
Figure 18 Underground cable laying layout…………………………………………………...00
Figure 19 Example for underground cable trench……………………………………………..00
Figure 20 Figure showing the weld of MS rod into structural steel beams……………………00
Figure 21 Completed Cu tape installation……………………………………………………..00
Figure 22 Graphite molding…………………………………………………………………...00
Figure 23 Flint igniter………………………………………………………………………….00
Figure 24 SPD…………………………………………………………………………………00
Figure 25 3-phase Indicator lights on a Distribution board……………………………………00
Figure 26 DPA…………………………………………………………………………………00
Figure 27 3-phase Current transformer………………………………………………………..00
Figure 28 EFR…………………………………………………………………………………00
Figure 29 Insulation test meter………………………………………………………………...00
Figure 30 Cable glands………………………………………………………………………...00
List of tables

Table 01
Table 02
Table 03
Table 04
Table 05
Table 06
Table 07
Table 08
Table 09
Contents

Abstract
Acknowledgement
List of figures
List of tables

1. Introduction
1.1.Vision and mission
1.2.Company Background/history
1.3.Management
2. Training experience
2.1.Summary of duties
2.2.Projects involved
2.3.Problems encountered and approach of solving
3. Conclusion

References
Appendices
1.0 Introduction

1.1. Vision and mission

Vision:
To be a self-supporting professional constructor offering quality products and services to
customers through diversified business units adapting to modern management systems to serve
our needs and that of the industry.

Mission:
To offer timely delivery of quality construction and services at a competitive cost through
motivated staff, superior technology, efficient systems and sustainable development.

1.2 Company background/ history

Tudawe Engineering Services (pvt) Ltd. (T.E.S.L.) is a company established under the group
of Tudawe Brothers (pvt) Ltd. in late 1990’s. So, the mother company of T.E.S.L. can be
defined as the Tudawe Brothers (pvt) Ltd.
Tudawe Engineering Services (pvt) Ltd. has been divided into 3 main departments, namely,
 Mechanical Department
 Electrical Department
 Plumbing Department
Under mechanical department, company’s main business is offering various A/C and Fire
extinguishing mechanisms. Under Electrical department, company is qualified and well
experienced to supply Electrical solutions for large commercial building complexes along with
High Tension (H/T) Electrical solutions. Through plumbing department, various solutions
regarding plumbing area can be given under commercial base. Other than these three
departments, T.E.S.L. owned its own Aluminum Workshop which is able to handle any
Aluminum fabrication near Kaduwela area and T.E.S.L is one of the leading Aluminum
fabricator in the field which is qualified to give any Aluminum solution under commercial base.
1.3. Management
Under the management system of the company, following flow chart is giving a
good idea about the company organization.

Mr. Amal Tudawe

(Managing
director)

Mr. P. Roger
Talbad
(Sr. Manager -
Engineering)

Mr. IndunilLalaji
(M & E
Coordinator)

Mr. K.
Wijayathilake
(Project Engineer)

Mr. Dilan
Fernando
(Site Engineer)

Mr.
Mr. R. Sudagar BuddhikaRathnay
(Engineer Asst) ake
(Engineer Asst)

Mr. R.L.
Mr. SagaraPerera Mr. Prasad Perera Supervisor/
Jayashinhe
(Site Q.S) (Draughtman) Charge hand
(Store keeper)

Electricians
2.0. Training experience

2.1. Summary of duties:

During the training period, inspecting and learning about the power system cable drawing,
Lighting system cable drawing, Public Announcing (P.A.) system cable drawing, Local Area
Network (L.A.N.) and Telephone system cable drawing, Offsetting a previously drew wiring
according to a newly approved drawing, Double checking while learning about the technical
literature of sunk box fixing, Maintaining the I.S.O recommended documents (Mainly daily
and weekly progress reports of the sites), Issuing and get to know about the materials used for
a specific task by issuing requisition notes, Identifying and get to use the tools and equipment
used at the site, inspecting and getting an exposure to cable ladder and cable tray fixing,
Inspecting and learning technical steps used to power up the whole building complex etc. can
be summarized as the duties which I have been asked to perform.

Inspecting and learning about the Power system cable drawing:

Under our work scope wiring for 4 systems (Lighting, Power, P.A., L.A.N & Telephone) have
to be completed in each and every floor with fully functional features. Before starting any work,
the materials which are going to be used, must get approved by the consultant. So, after the
approval got by the consultant, A.C.L. branded cables had been used for the wiring of lighting
and power systems. During the power system wiring in each floor, each socket outlet has been
powered with 2 wires along with an earthing wire. The total of these three wires had a color
code (Table 01.) as of the Cross-sectional area of these three wires were 2.5mm2
(each)according to the I.S.O. standards. In order to prevent any damage from fire, Neutral and
Live wires’ conductor parts were covered by cross linked polyethylene insulation (X.L.P.E.)
and outer mostly covered by Poly Vinyl Chloride (P.V.C.). (Figure 01).

Table 1:Color code used for wiring

Wire Color code

Earth Green / Yellow

Neutral Blue

Live Brown
 Figure 1:5-core Cu/XLPE/PVC cable

Before doing any part of the power wiring, at first the latest approved drawing must be checked.
Then according to that drawing the wiring must be performed. After checking for the approved
drawing, necessary equipment for drawing power cables through conduits and termination of
them, must be get ready. (Tools used for drawing and termination of cables are listed in Table
02.).

Table 2:Tools used for drawing and termination of cables

Tool Qty

Set of screw drivers each from flat and star

Torque wrenches 1

Set of wrenches As per the necessity

Set of pliers As per the necessity

Calibrated hydraulic crimping tools 1

Manual crimping tools 1

Cable cutters As per the necessity

Insulation tapes As per the necessity

Cable grips As per the necessity

Multi meters 1

Insulation testers 1

Phase sequence meters 1

After getting ready with approved shop drawings and tools, blockages in conduit paths must
be checked in site. Only after confirming the conduit paths are free, then the power wiring must
be done according to the approved shop drawing. Finally, the work place must be cleared.

Inspecting and learning about the Lighting system cable drawing:

Before doing the wiring for the lighting system, approved latest shop drawing availability was
checked. After that wiring cables were checked for the correct size and brand as per the Material
Approval (M.A) document (According to the M.A document the approved cross-sectional area
of wires used to a light point should be 1.5 mm2 if it is neutral or phase. For earthing cable, the
cross-sectional area must be 2.5 mm2). Adding an earthing cable into every light point was
done as a safety measurement. If the current is leaking through the fitting then it would not be
an issue as it has already been grounded. After confirming the conditions of wires then tools
availability (Table 03) in electrical stores was checked.

Table 3:Tools required to do wiring of lighting system

Tool Qty

Set of screw drivers each from flat and star

Set of wrenches As per the necessity
Set of pliers As per the necessity
Cable cutters As per the necessity
Insulation tapes As per the necessity
Cable drawing wire As per the necessity
Multi meters 1
Insulation testers 1
Phase sequence meters 1

Then at the site, looked for any conduit blockage and as there were none, lighting sub circuit
(Figure 02 – sub circuit) wiring was done according to the approved drawing. Finally cleaning
the workplace was carried out.
 Figure 2:Sub circuit of a lighting
system(shown by green dotted lines)

Inspecting and learning about the P.A. cable drawing:

Prior to the P.A wiring in 4th floor, availability of the latest approved shop drawing was
checked. After getting the latest approved shop drawing, wire specifications were checked
according to the M.A document and confirmed that the enough cable lengths were available
for the whole floor. Tools required for the work were checked in the stores (Table 04) and
checked whether they were operating accordingly.

Table 4:Tools required to do P.A. cabling

Tool Qty

Set of screw drivers each from flat and star

Set of wrenches As per the necessity
Set of pliers As per the necessity
Cable cutters As per the necessity
Insulation tapes As per the necessity
Cable drawing wire As per the necessity
Multi meters 1
Insulation testers 1
Phase sequence meters 1
Then the P.A wiring were carried out in grid wise after checking for any P.A conduit blockages.
According to the I.S.O standards wires for the 4 circuits must be drawn in separate conduit
paths. During the work was carried out, in 4th week drawing change was requested by the
consultant. The requested change was, establishing a direct emergency signaling connection
with all the speakers on each and every floor with the basement P.A. controlling room. So, after
getting the adjusted drawing, with slight adjustments the work was continued. After a rework
the floor circuiting was completed. Finally, the workspace was cleaned. The work was done
according to a checklist.

Inspecting and learning about the L.A.N. and telephone cable drawing:
Prior to the L.A.N. and telephone wiring in 4th floor, availability of the latest approved shop
drawing was checked. After getting the latest approved shop drawing, wire specifications
(Category 06 [CAT-06] 100Ω UTP cable) were checked according to the M.A document and
confirmed that the enough cable lengths were available for the whole floor. Tools required for
the work were checked in the stores (Table-05) and checked whether they were operating
accordingly.

Table 5:Tools required to do L.A.N. and telephone cabling

Tool Qty

Set of screw drivers each from flat and star

Set of wrenches As per the necessity

Set of pliers As per the necessity

Cable cutters As per the necessity

Insulation tapes As per the necessity

Cable drawing wire As per the necessity

Multi meters 1

Insulation testers 1

Phase sequence meters 1

Then the L.A.N. and telephone wiring were carried out in grid wise after checking for any
conduit blockages. After completing the work, workspace clearing was performed. In the
entrance an access control has to be fixed. For that L.A.N. cables (02 NOS.) have to be drawn
to the device which will be placed on the wall. (Figure 3).

Figure 3:Wall chasing done for a sunk

box

But the portioning wall has been fixed without keeping any conduit paths for the cables as the
portioning team hasn’t got any information during their working time. So, after an inspection
the cables were managed to draw from inside the aluminum framework reserved for the main
door. For each and every cable a safe turning radius has been declared in M.A. document from
the manufacture. For CAT-06 the recommended turning radius must be kept accurately in
bends as if somehow a network problem has arisen (because of steep turnings), it will be so
difficult to solve.

Offsetting a previously drew wiring according to a newly approved drawing:

After consultant asked for a change in wiring due to a power or light point change (most likely
be occurred due to changing of furniture), the previous wiring has to be changed. Since the
whole building is wired in radial wiring system, after a re-wiring condition has occurred, whole
loop must be wired again. If the previously wired length of wires is enough, then the same
length will be drawing otherwise a new length of wires will be looped. If a point is shifted to
another section, through a surface conduiting set of wires has to be drew (Figure-04).
 Figure 4:Surface conduiting done for a
rewiring

Double checking while learning about the technical literature of sunk box fixing:
Two types of sunk boxes (3”×3” and 3”×6”) are attached to concrete walls and partitioned
walls in order to fit the face plates of switches and power socket outlets. Sunk boxes were fixed
mainly in brick walls and partition walls. First of all, approved latest shop drawing was checked
and confirmed its availability. Then in stores, availability of necessary tools (Table-06) was
checked and confirmed. After visiting the floor, sunk boxes fitting on Marshall-Tufflex were
searched and conduit pipes were down run from slab level up to that point. After that according
to the shop drawing places were marked on the wall by using a pencil. After marking all of the
wall openings, wall chasing was started.
First of all, Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) were wore. (Safety eye goggles, Rubber
coated cotton gloves, Overall, Safety shoes, Dust masks, earmuffs). Then by using angle
grinder, wall surface has been damaged (Figure-05) inside of the marked region.
Next, Hammer drill was used to punch the wall until the damaged parts of the wall are
collapsed.
 Figure 5:Conduit pipes drawn for
L.A.N. wiring

Afterwards, by applying cement on backside of the sunk box, it was placed in the created hole
and levelled by using a spirit level before cement get dried.
Fixing sunk boxes in partition wall was different from fixing them on a brick wall. The
measurements were given to the partitioning team and necessary holes (for sunk boxes and for
conduit paths) were created by them. During this work, one of our technicians was placed
beside by giving him latest approved shop drawing with necessary measurements.
After fitting the sunk boxes in brick wall, how the measurements had been taken to position
them were double checked. During the task, according to the latest shop drawing the vertical
and horizontal measurements of each and every sunk box was re- checked again by using a
measuring tape.

Maintaining the I.S.O recommended documents:

Daily progress report and weekly report are the crucial documents which display the progress
of the site daily and weekly. By referring the daily progress report (Figure- 06), time taken for
a certain task, speed of the technicians taken for a specific task, whether site’s works are
elongating unusually can be found out. By referring the weekly report (Figure-07), how the
progress of a certain task has been increasing/decreasing, whether a certain task has been
elongated or not, how engineers are planning and performing a certain task, what are the future
plans of the work can be found out. During the training period, daily progress reports and
weekly progress reports were maintained.