EMS High School Teacher’s Lesson Plan

Week Six
Topic: Structure of Atom

Monday 30 Tuesday 1 Wednesday 2 Thursday 3 Friday 4 May

April May May May
Topic Types of Test of
Isotopes Rutherford
Labor day Uses of Electronic
carbon and and Bohr’s
off Isotopes Configuration
chlorine will Atomic
be discussed Model
Activity/Exper
Day One: 30 April

Topic Types of Isotopes carbon and chlorine

Sub-topic
Objective To explain about the atomic Model presented by Rutherford
Methodology:

Methodology:

 Trigger Questions:
o What are the sub atomic particles

Isotopes of chlorine
Chlorine (17Cl) has 24 isotopes with mass numbers ranging from 28Cl to 51Cl and 2 isomers (34mCl
and 38mCl). There are two principal stable isotopes, 35Cl (75.78%) and 37Cl (24.22%), giving chlorine
a standard atomic weight of 35.45. The longest-lived radioactive isotope is 36Cl, which has a half-life of
301,000 years. All other isotopes have half-lives under 1 hour, many less than one second. The shortest-
lived are 29Cl and 30Cl, with half-lives less than 20 and 30 nanoseconds, respectively—the half-life of 28Cl
is unknown.

Isotopes of carbon
Carbon (6C) has 15 known isotopes, from 8C to 22C, of which 12C and 13C are stable. The longest-lived
radioisotope is 14C, with a half-life of 5,700 years. This is also the only carbon radioisotope found in
nature—trace quantities are formed cosmogenically by the reaction 14N + 1n → 14C + 1H. The most
stable artificial radioisotope is 11C, which has a half-life of 20.334 minutes. All other radioisotopes
have half-lives under 20 seconds, most less than 200 milliseconds. The least stable isotope is 8C,
with a half-life of 2.0 x 10−21 s.
EMS High School Teacher’s Lesson Plan

 Points to discuss:
o History of Rutherford’s Atomic Model
o Introduction to Rutherford’s Experiment
o Main Postulates of Rutherford’s atomic model
o Conclusions derived from Rutherford’s atomic Model

Day Two: 1 May

Topic Labor day Off

Sub-topic
Objective

Day Three: 2 May

Topic Test of Rutherford and Bohr’s Atomic Model
Sub-topic
Objective

Day Four: 3 May

Topic Uses of Isotopes

Sub-topic

Points to discuss:

 Why is an isotope useful?

Radioactive isotopes differ in the stability of their nuclei. Measuring the speed of decay
allows scientists to date archaeological finds, and even the universe itself.
Stable isotopes can be used to give a record of climate change. Isotopes are also
commonly used in medical imaging and cancer treatment
EMS High School Teacher’s Lesson Plan

 Examples of Isotopes:

o Carbon-14. A naturally occurring radioactive isotope of carbon having six protons

and eight neutrons in the nucleus. ...
o Iodine-131. It is an isotope because it contains a different number of neutrons
from the element iodine. ...
o Tritium

 How are isotopes used for medical purposes?

o Nuclear medicine uses radiation to provide diagnostic information about the
functioning of a person's specific organs, or to treat
them. Diagnostic procedures using radioisotopes are now routine
 What do isotopes do?
o Atoms and elements are made of protons, neutrons and electrons. ... In a given
element, the number of neutrons can be different from each other, while the
number of protons is not. These different versions of the same element are
called isotopes

Day Five: 4 May

Topic Electronic configuration

Sub-topic
Objective How is electronic configuration is done and how it helps in identifying the group
and periods of elements
Methodology:

 Trigger Questions:
o What are noble gases?
 Points to discuss:
The electron configuration of an atom is the representation of the arrangement of
electrons distributed among the orbital shells and subshells. Commonly, the electron
configuration is used to describe the orbitals of an atom in its ground state, but it can also be
used to represent an atom that has ionized into a cation or anion by compensating with the loss
of or gain of electrons in their subsequent orbitals. Many of the physical and chemical
properties of elements can be correlated to their unique electron configurations. The valence
electrons, electrons in the outermost shell, are the determining factor for the unique chemistry
of the element.
o Introduction of transition elements.
o Basic utilization of electronic configuration technique.
o Usefulness of electronic configuration.

Self assessments 3.1 and 3.2 will be discuss and done in the class.