SC20b Crude oil fractions and their uses

1 Draw a labelling line to the coolest part of the fractionating column and label this
as "cool". Do the same for the hottest part and label this as "hot".
2 Draw a vertical arrow next to your diagram showing the direction that vapours
move through the fractionating column.
3 Using the boxes at the bottom, add fraction names in the places that they leave
the fractionating column (the info should allow you to deduce the correct order).
4 Match the typical uses to the correct fraction names.
Fraction name Typical uses

Fraction names (plus approx. boiling point and no. of carbon atoms per molecule)
bitumen diesel oil fuel oil
Boils around 400 °C Boils from 150 to 170 °C Boils from 300 to 400 °C
>35 carbon atoms 17-20 carbon atoms 21-35 carbon atoms
gases kerosene petrol
Boils from -162 to -1 °C Boils from 160 to 250 °C Boils from 30 to 200 °C
1-4 carbon atoms 11-16 carbon atoms 5-10 carbon atoms
Typical uses

fuel for cars fuel for aircraft heating and cooking

fuel for large ships and fuel for lorries plus some
surfacing roads and roofs
some power stations cars and trains

Extension: give your thoughts on whether or not this is a process of purification.