MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

GANDIPET, HYDERABAD.
EEE Department – MACHINE MODELING AND ANALYSIS LAB

Experiment No: 6 I M.Tech(PEED)(I Semester) Page 1 of 2

MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR

1.Aim: -
To develop a mathematical model of brush less DC motor.
2.Theory:-
Brushless DC motor has only two basic parts: rotor and the stator. The rotor is the
rotating part and has rotor magnets whereas stator is the stationary part and contains
stator windings. In BLDC permanent magnets are attached in the rotor and move the
electromagnets to the stator. The high power transistors are used to activate
electromagnets for the shaft turns. The controller performs power distribution by using a
solid-state circuit.
It is a Synchronous machine fed with direct currents and has Trapezoidal Back
EMF. The stator flux position commutation occurs at 60 degrees. Only two phases are
ON at the same time. Torque ripple occurs at commutations.
PM synchronous machines having trapezoidal induced EMF are known as PM
brushless DC machines. The advantage of such a machine is control simplicity. To
initiate the onset and commutation of current in the phase of a machine, the beginning
and the end of the constant portion of the induced emf have to be tracked. That amounts
to only six discrete positions for a three phase machine in each electrical cycle.
These signals could easily be generated with three Hall sensors displaced from
each other by 120 electrical degrees. The hall sensors are mounted facing a small magnet
wheel fixed to the rotor and having the same number of poles as the rotor of the
PMBDCM or the extra magnet wheel may be dispensed with by extending the rotor
beyond the stack length of the stator and using the rotor magnets to provide the position
information. Such an arrangement tracks the absolute position of the rotor magnets and
hence the shape and position of the induced emfs in all the machine phases.
In contrast to the PMSM, which requires continuous and instantaneous absolute
rotor position, the PMBDCM position-feedback requirement is much simpler, it requires
only six discrete absolute positions for a three phase machine, resulting in a major cost
saving in the feed back sensor. Further the control involves significant vector operations
in the PMSM drive, whereas such operations are not required for operation of the
PMBDCM drive.

3.Software:- MATLAB/SIMULINK
4.Procedure:-
1. Open MATLAB
2. Create current folder
3. Click new and simulink model

________________________________________________________________________
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
 MAHATMA GANDHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
GANDIPET, HYDERABAD.
EEE Department – MACHINE MODELING AND ANALYSIS LAB

Experiment No: 6 I M.Tech(PEED)(I Semester) Page 2 of 2

4. Click blank model

5. Open simulink library browser
6. Drag and drop all the necessary blocks from the tool boxes
7. Make necessary connections
8. Set simulation run time and run the simulation if any errors are displayed
9. Debug the errors and run again
10. After simulation start, check and validate the results
11. Save file and outputs
12. Close MATLAB
5.Result: -
A mathematical model of a brushless DC motor has been obtained.

6.Viva Voce:-

1. What is a brush less DC motor?

2. What is Hall Effect?
3. Why hall sensors are required in brush less DC motor?
4. What is the nature of output wave forms of a permanent magnet brush less DC
motor?
5. What are the coupled circuit equations of the stator windings in the modeling of
permanent magnet brush less DC motor?
6. What is the expression for electromagnetic torque in the modeling of permanent
magnet brush less DC motor?
7. What are the state space equations of a permanent magnet brush less DC motor?
8. What are the truth tables in the modeling of permanent magnet brush less DC
motor?

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Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering