NCM 103: CARE OF CLIENTS WITH PROBLEMS IN OXYGENATION, FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE BALANCE, METABOLISM AND ENDOCRINE

URINARY TRACT INFECTION

Urinary Tract Infection is an infection of any of the organs in the urinary tract, which consist of the bladder, ureter, the urethra and the kidneys.

ETIOLOGY PATHOPHYSIOLOGY S/SX DX TESTS NG. DX NG. MNGMT

• Pathogenic Altered physiologic and psychologic • burning sensation 1. Urinalysis 6. Acute pain DIET MODIFICATION
microorganisms functions (physical conditions, urination Normal Indication of related to • Frequent consumption of fresh
(eg. E. Coli, cognitive; and gerontologic • urinary incontinence Value infection infection juices or berry and fermented
Psuedomonas, considerations) • back pain Bacteria (-) any amount within the milk products.
Enterococcus) • nocturia Leukocyte (-) (+) pyuria, urinary tract • Drink smaller amount
• Predisposing • flank pain presence of 7. Knowledge throughout the day
factors (age, Glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and urinary • bloody, cloudy, dark, WBCs in deficit about • Skip alcohol and beverages with
gender) immunoglobulin (IgA) are impaired strange strong odor urine the condition, caffeine such ad coffee, tea and
• Poor personal urine WBC <5 WBC > 10 prognosis cola
hygiene • pain and tenderness Nitrate (-) (+) presence and • Avoid bladder irritants
• Sexual Bacteria (eg. Escherichia Coli) gain in the upper back and of bacteria treatment • High protein diet
intercourse access to the bladder and evade host sides that reduce needs • Cranberries, blueberries
eapecially if defense mechanisms • chills nitrate related to • Vitamin C, probiotics
more frequent, • fever RBC <5 Hematuria lack of DRUG THERAPY
intense and • nausea common in sources of a. Anti-infective, urinary tract:
with multiple Infection and inflammation are • vomitting infection information.a Bactericidal
partner manifested (chills, fever, bacteriuria, Epithelial <5 High - Nitrofurantoin
• Severe pyuria, leukocytosis) and painful Cells epithelial cell (Macrodantin,
medical urination, low back pain, flank pain, indicates Furandantin); Cephalexin
conditions such nausea and vomitting are common contamination (Keflex)
as diabetics finding of skin flora b. Fluroquinolones
• Procedure pH 4.5 to 8 High pH of - Ciprofloxacin (Cipro);
involving urea splitting Ofloxacin (Floxin);
urinary tract Bacterial colon count of at least organism (eg. Norfloxacin (Noroxin);
• Heavy use of 100,000 CFU per mL of urine detected protein is Gatifloxacin (Zymar)
antibiotics in urine culture present) c. Cephalosporins
which can - Cefadroxil (Duricef,
distrupt the Ultrafec)
natural flora of Urinary Tract Infection d. Penicillin
the bowel and - Ampicillin (Principen,
urinary tract. 2. Dipstick Omnipen)
- Any changes in the normal e. Co-trimoxazole (Bactrin,
range caused by infection. Septra)
f. Urinary analgesic agent
Acidity 4.5 to 8 - Phenazopyridine
Protein ≤ 150mg/dL (Pyridium)
Glucose ≤ 130mg/dL - For relief of burning, pain
and other symptoms
Nitrates (-)
associated with UTI
Bilirubin (-) SURGICAL PROCEDURES:
Blood ≤ 3RBC a. Lifting and stabilizing the
bladder or urethra to restore
FOR SEVERE UTI: the normal urethrovesical
3. Intravenous Pyelogram (IVP) angle or to lengthen the
4. Cystoscopy urethra
5. Urine Culture 100,000 CFU b. Anterior vaginal repair
retropublic suspension, to
reposition the urethra.
c. Periurethral bulking to
enhance the closing pressure
of the urethra
d. Others
- Urinate shortly after sex
- Keep the genital area clean
- Showers are preffered to
baths and avoid using oils
- Avoid using any perfumed
products in the genital area
- Wear cotton underwear
and loose-fitting clothing to
keep area around the
urethra dry
- Wipe from front to back
after urinating and bowel
movement