Ch.

11 Directional Drilling
DIRECTIONAL DRILLING

1. Applications
2. Deviated Well planning
3. Profile Planning
4. Deflection Tools
 1. APPLICATIONS

• Geological Constraints :
• Salt Domes
• Faults

• Inaccessible Locations :
• Offshore Platform
• Towns/cities
• Relief Well Drilling
1. APPLICATIONS
• Sidetracking :
• Fish
• Exploration
• Workover

• Completion Strategy :
• Multiple zone drainage
• Horizontal Wells
Applications
2. DEVIATED WELL PLANNING

• Target Specification :
• Depth
• Location
• Size
• Shape

• Rig Location
• Adjacent Wells
2. DEVIATED WELL PLANNING

• Geological Section
• Casing and Mud Programmes
 N

Vertical
Depth

Displacement

Along Hole Depth

Vertical
Depth
Cross Section

Plan View
Well Trajectories
3. PROFILE PLANNING

• Rig Location
• Kick Off Point (KOP)
• Build up Rate/Drop Off Rate (BUR)
• Tangent Angle
KOP

Build Up Section

Tangential Section

KOP

Drop off Section

Typical
KOP

Configurations
 A

B P R O
2000'


R
X
E

4000' 

6000'
D

y x
8000'

10000' C Y

1000'
d
2000'
T

3000' Displacement
Trajectory Planning
Directional Exercise
 Side Force

Direction in which bit will drill

Tilt Angle
Bent Sub
MWD

Bent Sub

Motor

Mud Motor

Bent Sub
and Motor
Drill Bit
 Upper Power
Section

Mid Body
Stabilizer

Lower Power
Section

Side Force

Bit Offset

Steerable System
MWD Sub

Reservoir Navigation Sensor Sub

Top Stabilizer

Alternator/Pulser Sub

Non Rotating Sleeve With Steering Ribs

Rotary
Drive Sub Steerable System
 Hydraulic Control Valves Steering Ribs

Rotating Shaft Drive Non-Rotating Steerable

Stabilizer Sleeve
Control Electronics
and Inclination Sensors

Steering System
 High Side
Decoupled Stabilizer Sleeve Orientation
Sleeve

P2

P3

P1 Bit Drive Shaft

Steering System (End View)

 Top Stabiliser

L1

Bottom Stabiliser

R
Bit Bit
Tilt

L2
(a) Packed Hole (b) Pendulum (c) Fulcrum

Stab
Stab
Stab

90' DC
60' DC 90' DC

Stab
Stab

30' DC 30' DC Stab

Stab Stab 30' DC

Stab
30' DC 30' DC

Stab Reamer
60' Monel
30' Monel
20-30' Monel
Reamer Reamer

Bit Bit Bit

Tendency to maintain angle Tendency to drop angle Tendency to build angle

BHA Design
9/10

Power Unit
(Rotor and Stator)
8/9

7/8
Transmission
Unit

5/6 Bearing

4/5

Tubular Housings
3/4 and Stabilizer

1/2

Mud Motors
 2000
3000 111/2" 13/4"

1500
91/2" 23/4"
Torgue ft-lbs

2000

RPM
8" 1000
33/4"

63/4" 43/4"
1000
61/2" 61/4"
500 63/4"
43/4" 8" 91/2"
113/4"
33/4"
23/4"
13/4"
0 200 400 600 800 0 200 400 600 800 1000
Pressure Drop (PSI) Pump Rate GPM

Turbine Specifications
 Driveshaft

Driveshaft Rotor and

Stator
Section
Stator
Mud Flow

Rotor
Stator
Rotation Bearing
Rotor Section

Turbine
 Stabilizer

2 Monel Drill Collars 50 ft.

Stabilizer

Circulating Sub

25 ft.

71/8 in.240 Turbodrill

15 ft.

7 ft.

1 1/2 ft.
Near Bit Stabilizer

Bit
1 1/2 ft.
Turbine Assemblies
Directional
Design