“Use of Cell Phone in Classroom by Students of AHS,

Iqra National University, Peshawar”

Submitted by

Fehan Ahmad, Hamid Ullah, Muhammad Kashif, Sanan Ali Shah, Waqas Khan.

Submitted to

Hajra Iqbal.

Iqra National University, Hayatabad, Peshawar

2019

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S.No Contents P.No

1 Introduction 3

1.1 Scope of Study 3

1.2 Significance of Study 3

1.3 Objectives of Study 4

1.4 Research Questions 4

1.5 Problem Statement 4

1.6 Delimitations of Study 4

2 Literature Review 4

3 Methodology 5

3.1 Nature of Research 5

3.2 Populations of Research 5

3.3 Instruments of Study 5

4 Findings & Analysis 5

5 Conclusions & Recommendations 6

References 6

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1. Introduction

Mobile or cell phones are integral part of our modern telecommunication. More than 200 countries are

estimated that they use Mobile phones for their communication purpose (Students are also included in

this).

Instead of using cell phones to score higher in their academics. They have started using their cell phones

quite frequently for no purpose especially in classroom. Using cell phones in classrooms has led the

students to a decrease level in academic performance and satisfaction with instruction.

A survey was conducted in AHS Department of IQRA National University, with the students of Radiology

and their teachers. Survey data indicated that teachers believe that students should not use their cell phones

in classroom. Teachers also said that they have been distracted by students using cell phones. While most

of the students believe that using smartphone during class is not a bad thing, faculty should allow them to

use cell phones in classroom too.

Most of the students use cell phones for non-educational purposes, it was clear and also was found that

students find their devices more exciting and stimulating than what is happening in their class. Students

have also been found to continue to use cell phones for non-educational purposes during class instruction,

even when they are aware of the negative side-effects of cell phone usage in the classroom.

Everyone uses working memory to work more efficiently and effectively; however, it has a limited amount

of storage in which information can be processed. Working memory is also important for teachers because

it is used for staying focused while performing a complex task, such as giving a lecture. Using cell phone

in class can directly affect the focus of the teacher and cause distraction.

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(Working Memory is defined as the brain system that provides temporary storage and manipulation of the

information necessary for such complex cognitive tasks such as language, comprehension, learning, and

reasoning).

1.1. Scope of Study

Usage of smartphones are normal now a days and every student have his own phone. Now students use

their cell phones during lectures in class room which effects their concentration on lectures, also distract

teachers and other students in delivering lecture and from concentrating on lecture respectively. By finding

the reasons behind it, of why students use their phones in classroom. We can solve the issue.

1.2. Significance of Study

This study covers the aspects of both the students and teachers. Once the facts are found, the teachers can

easily understand and manage the mindset or mentality of the students. So it will directly benefits both the

teachers and the students in solving this issue.

1.3. Objectives of Study

To find out the main reasons and facts of “why students use their mobile phones during class or lectures

and a perfect solution to stop this”. For example:

What things should be done, by which students stop using mobile phones in class for useless purposes?

1.4. Research Questions

1) What are the opinion of allowing students to use their phones in classroom?

2) What are the impacts of student’s use of cell phones in classroom?

3) What about multitasking?

4) How teachers typically handle being distracted?

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1.5. Problem Statement

Difficulties faced by teachers and other fellows (students) due to student's usage of cell phone in

Radiology discipline of AHS Department in INU.

1.6. Delimitations of Study

This study is all about the students of Radiology discipline in AHS Department of IQRA National

University, Peshawar.

2. Literature Review

Cepada (p: 24-31, 2013) found that undergraduate students were observed to be multitasking, or using

their cell phones, 42% of the time during class.

According to the Kuznekoff, J. H., Munz, S., & Titsworth, S. (p: 344-365, 2015). Students are significantly

more likely than faculty to believe that individuals have the ability to multitask. If students believe that

they can multitask, it could lead to them believing that they should be allowed to use their cell phones

during class.

Dietz & Henrich, (p: 163-167, 2014) describes that using smartphone during class is harmful academically

when students personally use cell phones in class and it possibly could be just as harmful if they see a

teacher interacting with a phone.

Junco (p: 2236-2242, 2012) states that students using cell phones during class are experiencing negative

side effects with their academic achievement.

Sana et al. (p: 24-31, 2013) found that students find their devices more exciting and stimulating than what

is happening in their class.

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Wood, et al. (p: 365-374, 2012) states that whether students realize it or not, their classroom cell phone

usage is also leading to negative side effects on other students in proximity.

3. Methodology

3.1. Nature of Research

The type of research is quantitative research. In this we have collected data from the population by asking

them to provide us the data about the research topic.

3.2. Population of Research

Participants are students from Radiology discipline (N = 60) and their subject teachers (N = 6).

3.3. Instruments of Research

The instruments which will be used in collecting data includes Questionnaires, Interviews, and

Videos\audio recordings.

Procedure

Participant will be asked to give their opinions about cell phone usage in university classrooms and about

the distractions that cell phone usage may cause on the lecturer’s ability to teach.

Questionnaire, Interviews, Recordings will be conducted from both of the groups that are students and

teachers of the Radiology discipline, and they will answer to them.

4. Finding and Analysis

The researcher will find the data and will analyze the data once he collect/find and compile the data using

mentioned instruments.

5. Conclusion and Recommendations

The researcher will conclude and recommend the data once he do the analysis of the collected data.
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References

i. Dietz & Henrich, (p: 163-167, 2014). In “Computers in Human Behavior” 2014.

ii. Junco, R. (p: 2236-2242, 2012). In-class multitasking and academic performance. “Computers in

Human Behavior”.

iii. Kuznekoff, J. H., Munz, S., & Titsworth, S. (p: 344-365, 2015). Mobile phones in the classroom:

Examining the effects of texting, twitter, and message content on student learning.

“Communication Education”.

iv. Sana, F., Weston, T., & Cepeda, N. (p: 24-31, 2013). Laptop multitasking hinders classroom

learning for both users and nearby peers. “Computers and Education”.

v. Wood, E., Zivacakova, L., Gentile, P., Archer, K., De Pasquale, D., & Nosko, A. (p: 365-374,

2012). Examining the impact of off-task multi-tasking with technology on real time classroom

learning. “Computers & Education”.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0747563214001678

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0747563212001926

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03634523.2015.1038727

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360131512002254

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0360131511002077