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Chapter 1 Fundamentals of HVAC 1.2 HVAC Operating Characteristics

1.1 HVAC Design Basics 1.2 HVAC Operating Characteristics

Heat Loss

Interior Space

Heat Gain

Interior Space

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 Chapter 1 Fundamentals of HVAC 1.2 HVAC Operating Characteristics

Isometric View Plan View

A B C

Isometric View Plan View

D E F

G H I
1 Zone
5 Exterior Surfaces

OFFICE BUILDING

Isometric View Plan View

A B C

Isometric View Plan View

D E F

G H I
A B

Isometric View Plan View

A B C

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 Chapter 1 Fundamentals of HVAC 1.2 HVAC Operating Characteristics

Isometric View Plan View

Sun
1 2 3

10 4
11

9 5
30

25
8 7 6
20

Time, %
South
15

10

0
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
cfm, %

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 Chapter 1 Fundamentals of HVAC 1.2 HVAC Operating Characteristics

Supply Duct (Cold Air)

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 Chapter 1 Fundamentals of HVAC 1.4 Ventilation Systems

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 Chapter 1 Fundamentals of HVAC 1.5 HVAC Air Distribution Equipment

1.5 HVAC Air Distribution Equipment

Generator Condenser
Concentrated Solution
Dilute Solution
Refrigerant Vapor
Heat Medium Refrigerant Liquid
Cooling Water
Chilled Water
Heat Medium
Compressor
Evaporator Orifice Absorber
Low Pressure High Pressure
Refrigerant Vapor Refrigerant Vapor

to Air or Water
Heat Rejected
Condenser
Evaporator

Chilled Water
Cool Air Warm Air Cool Air Warm Air
Evaporator
Cooling
Water
Low Pressure Liquid/ High Pressure
Vapor Refrigerant Liquid Refrigerant
Dilute Solution Concentrated
Solution Pump Solution

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 Chapter 1 Fundamentals of HVAC 1.5 HVAC Air Distribution Equipment

Brownian Diffusion Interception Inertial Impaction Sieving Scanning Optical

Electron Microscope Microscope Eye

Smog
Fumes Dusts
Spores
Tobacco smoke
Bacteria
Viruses Human hair
Molecules Pollen

0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100

Particle size (microns)

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 Chapter 1 Fundamentals of HVAC 1.5 HVAC Air Distribution Equipment

1.0

Fractional collection efficiency

0.8

0.6

0.4
Diffusion Regime Diffusion and Inertial Impaction
Interception Regime and Interception
0.2 Regime

0
0.01 0.1 1.0
Particle diameter (microns)

Water

Warm Dry Air In Cool Humid Air Out

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 Chapter 1 Fundamentals of HVAC 1.5 HVAC Air Distribution Equipment

Heater
Water Vapor
Reactivation Air
Warm Dry Air In Cool Humid Air Out Moist Air
to Outside

Dehumidified Air to
Process Air Space/Equipment
Water

Warm Dry Air In Cool Humid Air Out

Cooling media discharge Cooling media inlet

(water, refrigerant, etc.) (water, refrigerant, etc.)

Warm Humid Air In Cool Dry Air Out

Liquid water removed

from air stream

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 Chapter 1 Fundamentals of HVAC 1.6 HVAC Selection Guidelines Check List

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 Chapter 1 Fundamentals of HVAC References

Table 1.2: MERV rating guide (ASHRAE, 2008) (continued) References

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 START

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