UNIT II: HEALTH TRENDS, ISSUES,

AND CONCERNS IN NATIONAL

LEVEL

PREPARED BY:
ADRIAN S. BUNGALON, RONNIEL J. BREBONERIA,
YUUKICHI B. ACOSTA
Introduction

This module will help you recognize and understand how the government
works with various institutions and sectors to address issues and concerns. It is
important to know these policies because they embody your rights as a
citizen of the country. BE AWARE. BE KNOWLEDGEABLE. PRACTICE YOUR
RIGHTS.
Acts and Laws
a. Consumer Act
b. Traditional and Alternative Medicines Act
c. Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive i. National Blood Services Act
Act
j. Anti-Hazing Law
d. Philippine AIDS Prevention and Control Act
e. Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act k. National Environment Awareness and
Education Act
f. Tobacco Regulation Act
g. Cybercrime Prevention Act l. Seat Belts Use Act
h. Anti-Child Pornography Act
m. Anti- Drunk and Drugged Driving
Law
a. Consumer Act
(Republic Act No. 7394)

DEFINITION OBJECTIVES

- provides for the regulation of 1. Protect the interest of the consumer.

products and services being sold
and offered in the country. 2. Promote his/her general welfare.
- aims to protect people against 3. Establish standards of conduct for
hazards to health and safety, business and industry.
and deceptive and unfair sales
acts and practices.
a. Consumer Act
(Republic Act No. 7394)

- Covers the quality and safety of different products like food, drugs, cosmetics, and
devices.
- Promotes the protection of citizen against hazardous substances.
- Proper labeling and fair packaging shall be required for all the products bring
sold.
b. Traditional and Alternative Medicines Act
(Republic Act 8423 of 1997)
DEFINITION
-provides for the improvement of
quality and delivery of healthcare
services in the country.
-identifies medicinal plants in the
country which are readily available.
Philippine Institute of Traditional and
Alternative Healthcare (PITAHC) –
coordinates various programs and
activities in the traditional and alternative
healthcare delivery system to accelerate
the development of the said healthcare in
the country.
Examples of Alternative Medicine

ACUPUNCTURE VENTOSA CUPPING

MASSAGE THERAPY
REFLEXOLOGY ACUPRESSURE

NUTRITION THERAPY
 Examples of Alternative Medicine

1. Acupuncture – a form of energy medicine where long thin needles are inserted to specific parts of the
body to affect the energy flow. Acupuncture is believed to treat musculoskeletal dysfunctions.

2. Ventosa cupping massage therapy – this procedure is done by placing inverted glasses that have
flames from burning cotton, on specific points in the body. It is believed to relieve muscle and joint
pains.

3. Reflexology – similar to acupuncture, reflexology focuses on treating specific disorders through

massaging of the soles of the feet.

4. Acupressure – acupressure uses the same technique as that of acupuncture. The only difference is the
acupressure does not apply needles but the hands to apply pressure on certain points of the body.

5. Nutrition Therapy – approaches treatment of a medical condition by providing a tailored diet for
patient.
c. Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive
Health Act
(Republic Act No. 10354)

Reproductive Health – a state of physical, mental, and social well-being in all matters relating to the
reproductive system, at all stages of life (Galvez Tan, et al., 2009)

“The health of newborn children will be dependent on the health of the parents particularly the
mother.”

Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act builds its foundation on four pillars: Informed
Choice, Respect for Life, Birth Control and Responsible Parenthood.`
Four Pillars of RA 10354
Informed Choice Respect for Life

As stated in the Act, effective and quality The Act recognizes that abortion is illegal
reproductive healthcare services, which and punishable by law. However, mothers
are ethically and medically safe, legal, will be identified to have aborted an
accessible and affordable, shall be given unborn child will be served with
primacy to ensure the health of the post-abortive treatment and counseling in a
mother and the child. Also, the humane, nonjudgemental, and
government shall promote and provide compassionate manner
unbiased information and access to these
services. The pillar also covers the
provision for the integration of
reproductive health and sexuality
education in schools, and other
educational settings.
Four Pillars of RA 10354
Birth Control
Reproductive healthcare, information, and
supplies shall be made available most
especially to poor beneficiaries. However,
the Act provisions also that the government
must respect the citizen’s individual
preferences and choices of family planning
method.
Responsible Parenthood
Couples determine their ideal family size. In
addition, the government shall equip each
parent with needed information in all
aspects of family life, reproductive health,
and this pillar.
d. Philippine AIDS Prevention and
Control Act
(Republic Act No. 8504 of 1998)

-promulgates polices and prescribing measures for the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS in the
Philippines

-builds a nationwide HIV/AIDS information and educational program

-establishes a comprehensive HIV/AIDS monitoring system and strengthens the Philippine National AIDS
Council (PNAC) and for other purposes

-provides for education and information dissemination in various institutions and agencies, safe practice
and procedures such as testing, screening, and counseling

-monitoring of cases with confidentiality, and programs for anti-discriminatory acts in the workplace,
hospitals, and other public institutions
Readings

Reproductive health also concerns problems such as sexually-transmitted

infections. According to Dr. Natividad (2013), in the Young Adult Fertility and
Sexuality Study of 2013 (YAFS-4), a survey of Filipino college and high school
graduates, 36.2 percent and 43.5 percent respectively admitted to having engaged
in premarital sex. In addition, 66.7 percent and 79.6 percent did not use any
protection at first premarital sex. These scenarios are most often the causes of
infections.
e. Comprehensive Dangerous
Drugs Act
(Republic Act No. 9165 of 2002)

-protects citizens from harmful effects of dangerous drugs to their physical and mental
well-being.

Unlawful acts that are subject to penalties and fines according to RA No. 9165:
a. Importing of dangerous drugs and/or controlled precursors and essential chemicals (narcotic drugs
and psychotropic drugs)

b. Selling, trading, administering, dispensing, delivering, distributing, and transporting dangerous

drugs and/or controlled precursors and essential chemicals

c. Maintaining a drug den, drive, or resort

d. Manufacturing of dangerous drugs and/or controlled precursors and essential chemicals

e. Manufacturing or delivery of equipment, instrument, apparatus, or other paraphernalia for

dangerous drugs and/or controlled precursors and essential chemicals
f. Possessing dangerous drugs, equipment, instrument, apparatus, or other paraphernalia

g. Possessing dangerous drugs during parties, social gatherings or meetings

h. Cultivating or culturing plants classified as dangerous drugs or sources of such

i. Unnecessary prescribing dangerous drugs

f. Tobacco Regulation Act
(Republic Act No. 9211 of 2003)

- protects people from the sale, use, and advertisements of hazardous tobacco products
- absolutely bans smoking in public places, most especially in centers of youth activities,
elevators and stairwells, fire-hazardous places, within public and private hospitals and
medical clinics, airport and other terminals, and food preparation areas.
- a designated smoking and non-smoking area should be utilized in public places.
- restricts access to sale of tobacco products to minors
- health warnings should also be included in cigarette packs
g. Cybercrime Prevention Act
(Republic Act No. 10175 of 2012)

Cyber- refers to a computer or a computer network, the electronic medium in which online
communication takes place.
*The law mandates the prohibition of cybersex, child pornography, unsolicited commercial
communications, and computer-related identity theft.
PUNISHABLE ACTS UNDER RA NO. 10175 OF 2012
 Offenses against the confidentiality, integrity and availability of computer data and systems:
1. Illegal Access. – The access to the whole or any part of a computer system without right.
2. Illegal Interception. – The interception made by technical means without right of any
non-public transmission of computer data to, from, or within a computer system including
electromagnetic emissions from a computer system carrying such computer data.
3. Data Interference. — The intentional or reckless alteration, damaging, deletion or
deterioration of computer data, electronic document, or electronic data message, without right,
including the introduction or transmission of viruses.
4. System Interference. — The intentional alteration or reckless hindering or interference with the
functioning of a computer or computer network by inputting, transmitting, damaging, deleting,
deteriorating, altering or suppressing computer data or program, electronic document, or
electronic data message, without right or authority, including the introduction or transmission of
viruses.
5. Misuse of Devices.
i. The use, production, sale, procurement, importation, distribution, or otherwise making
available, without right, of:
a) A device, including a computer program, designed or adapted primarily for the
purpose of committing any of the offenses under this Act; or
b) A computer password, access code, or similar data by which the whole or any part of
a computer system is capable of being accessed with intent that it be used for the
purpose of committing any of the offenses under this Act.
ii. The possession of an item referred to in paragraphs 5(i)(a) or (b) above with intent to use
said devices for the purpose of committing any of the offenses under this section
6. Cyber-squatting. – The acquisition of a domain name over the internet in bad faith to profit,
mislead, destroy reputation, and deprive others from registering the same, if such a domain
name is:
i. Similar, identical, or confusingly similar to an existing trademark registered with the
appropriate government agency at the time of the domain name registration:
ii. Identical or in any way similar with the name of a person other than the registrant, in case
of a personal name; and
iii. Acquired without right or with intellectual property interests in it.
h. Anti-Child Pornography Act
(Republic Act No. 9775 of 2009)

Child Pornography- refers to any representation, whether visual, audio, or written combination
thereof, by electronic, mechanical, digital, optical, magnetic or any other means, of child engaged
or involved in real or simulated explicit sexual activities (Official Gazette, 2009)

Child refers to a person below eighteen (18) years of age or over, but is unable
to fully take care of himself/herself from abuse, neglect, cruelty, exploitation or
discrimination because of a physical or mental disability or condition. For the
purpose of this Act, a child shall also refer to:

(1) A person regardless of age who is presented, depicted or portrayed as a

child defined herein; and

(2) Computer-generated, digitally or mentally crafted images or graphics of a

person who is represented or who is made to appear to be a child as
defined herein.
 i. National Blood Services Act
(Republic Act No. 7719 of 1994)
-aims to promote and encourage voluntary blood
donation by the citizenry, provide for adequate, safe
and affordable and equitable distribution of blood
and blood products
THE ACT PROVISIONS THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A
BLOOD SERVICES NETWORK WHICH CONSISTS OF
THE FOLLOWING:
a. National Council for Blood Services and its various
committees
-It serves as a governing body of the network
and is responsible for the approval of various policies
on blood services.
b. Philippine National Blood Services
-Under its Blood Centers, it works on the
recruitment, retention, and care of voluntary blood
donors, collection of blood from qualified donors,
testing of units of blood for infectious diseases and
the like.
c. Authorized Blood Collection Units and Facilities
d. Private and Private Hospital Blood Banks and
Blood Stations
e. Non-Hospital Health Facilities
f. National Reference Laboratories for Immunology
and Immunohematology
j. Anti-Hazing Law
(Republic Act No. 8049)

Hazing, as used in this Act, is an initiation rite or practice as a prerequisite for admission into
membership in a fraternity, sorority or organization by placing the recruit, neophyte or applicant in
some embarrassing or humiliating situations such as forcing him to do menial, silly, foolish and other
similar tasks or activities or otherwise subjecting him to physical or psychological suffering or injury.

The term "organization" shall include any club or the Armed Forces of the Philippines, Philippine
National Police, Philippine Military Academy, or officer and cadet corp of the Citizen's Military Training
and Citizen's Army Training. The physical, mental and psychological testing and training procedure and
practices to determine and enhance the physical, mental and psychological fitness of prospective
regular members of the Armed Forces of the Philippines and the Philippine National Police as approved
ny the Secretary of National Defense and the National Police Commission duly recommended by the
Chief of Staff, Armed Forces of the Philippines and the Director General of the Philippine National
Police shall not be considered as hazing for the purposes of this Act.
k. National Environmental
Awareness and Education Act
(Republic Act No. 9512 of 2008)

- Promotes environmental awareness through environmental education

- Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD), Department of Science and
Technology (DOST), and Department of Environment and National Resources (DENR) are the
various educational agencies that shall integrate environmental education in their curricula
- It shall encompass the concepts an principles, laws, international and national best practices,
threats of degradation and its impacts to human well-being, responsibilities of humans in
conservation, protection, and rehabilitation of resources, and sustainable development through
environment.’
- Environmental education shall be part of the National Service Training Program (NSTP)
l. Seat Belts Use Act
(Republic Act No. 8750 of 1999)

Aims to secure and safeguard passengers and drivers of motor vehicles from other effects of
vehicular accidents.

This includes mandatory wearing of seatbelts by the driver and front seat passengers of any
running motor vehicle.

Prohibits children from sitting in front seat of any motor vehicle.

l. Anti-Drunk and Drugged
Driving Law
(Republic Act No. 10586 of 2013)

-penalizes those who will be caught driving under the influence of alcohol, drugs, and other
similar substances
Penalties. – A driver found to have been driving a motor vehicle while under the influence of
alcohol, dangerous drugs and/or other similar substances, as provided for under Section 5 of this
Act, shall be penalized as follows:

(a) If the violation of Section 5 did not result in physical injuries or homicide, the penalty of three
(3) months imprisonment, and a fine ranging from Twenty thousand pesos (Php20,000.00) to
Eighty thousand pesos (Php80,000.00) shall be imposed;

(b) If the violation of Section 5 resulted in physical injuries, the penalty provided in Article 263
of the Revised Penal Code or the penalty provided in the next preceding subparagraph,
whichever is higher, and a fine ranging from One hundred thousand pesos (Php100,000.00) to
Two hundred thousand pesos (Php200,000.00) shall be imposed;
(c) If the violation of Section 5 resulted in homicide, the penalty provided in Article 249 of the
Revised Penal Code and a fine ranging from Three hundred thousand pesos (Php300,000.00) to
Five hundred thousand pesos (Php500,000.00) shall be imposed; and

(d) The nonprofessional driver’s license of any person found to have violated Section 5 of this Act
shall also be confiscated and suspended for a period of twelve (12) months for the first conviction
and perpetually revoked for the second conviction. The professional driver’s license of any person
found to have violated Section 5 of this Act shall also be confiscated and perpetually revoked for
the first conviction. The perpetual revocation of a driver’s license shall disqualify the person from
being granted any kind of driver’s license thereafter.
1-40 Quiz on
Monday!!!

HR S.Y. 2018-2019 2ndQuarte