Calculate Cement Sand & Aggregate - M20, M15, M10, M5 Ratio: Civil RND

3/4/23, 12:54 PM Calculate Cement Sand & Aggregate - M20, M15, M10, M5 Ratio - Civil RnD
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Calculate Cement Sand & Aggregate – M20, M15, M10, M5 Ratio

by Engr. Prakash Kumar
106 comments
To make good quality concrete, it’s important to calculate the right amounts of materials
and mix them in the correct proportions. In this article, we will explore some
straightforward methods to calculate cement, sand, coarse aggregate (Stone, Jalli), and
water needed to prepare various types of concrete, such as M5, M7.5, M10, M15, and M20.
The results in this article have been cross-checked with various code book standards such
as IS456, IS10262, and credible sources such as the government’s Rate of Analysis.
Understanding Concrete Grades
https://civilrnd.com/calculate-cement-sand-and-aggregate-for-nominal-mix-concrete/ 1/37
Concrete is classified into different grades based on its strength, such as M5, M7.5, M10,
M15, M20, and so on. In the grade name the letter “M” stands for “Mix,” and the number after it
indicates the typical compressive strength of concrete after 28 days of curing.
For example, after 28 days of water curing, M20 grade concrete will have a compressive
strength of 20 N/mm2.
What is Concrete Mix Ratio?
Concrete mix ratio is the term used to describe the proportions of cement, sand, aggregate,
and other components needed to make various concrete grades. For example, the
recommended Nominal Concrete Mix Ratio for M20 Concrete is 1:1.5:3, which means that for
every 1-part cement, we need 1.5-parts sand and 3-parts aggregate to make M20 grade
concrete.
What is the difference between nominal mix ratio and design

mix ratio?
Nominal Mix ratios are the fixed recommended concrete ratios for different grades of
concrete, whereas Design Mix ratios are calculated using IS10262 codebook Design mix
procedure.
Nominal mix ratios are volumetric ratios hence they are simple to use to mix small to
medium amounts of concrete on a construction site. Design Mix ratios are weight ratios and
they are used to prepare concrete in large batches in RMC plants or in small batches in
laboratories.
Nominal Concrete Mix Ratio for Different Grades of Concrete
Nominal Concrete Mix Ratio

Concrete Grade Compressive Strength
(Cement : Sand : Aggregate)
M5 1:5:10 5 N/mm2
M7.5 1:4:8 7.5 N/mm2
M10 1:3:6 10 N/mm2
M15 1:2:4 15 N/mm2
M20 1:1.5:3 20 N/mm2
Nominal concrete mix ratios
Engineers can sometimes modify the above ratios to meet their specific requirements. For
example, they may add more sand to improve concrete workability or reduce cement
content to reduce concrete costs. However, excess modification in sand and cement
content from the above given proportions will highly affect the strength of concrete.
Therefore, it is not advisable to increase the fine aggregate content (river sand or M sand) by
more than 30% from the prescribed proportion.
Let’s see the two simple methods that civil engineers use to calculate the amount of
cement, sand, and aggregate required to make concrete.
Method 1: Using the recommended Nominal Concrete Mix Ratio to calculate the volume
and weight of cement, sand, and coarse aggregate required for concrete.
Method 2: Using the Total aggregate value listed in the IS codebook to calculate the
weight of the sand and coarse aggregate required for a 50 kg bag of cement.
Method:1 Calculation of Cement, Sand and Aggregate

from Nominal mix ratio
While mixing the ingredients (cement+sand+aggregate), cement and sand will first fill in the
gaps between the coarse aggregate before taking their own space. As a result, we require
more than 1 cubic meter of dry ingredients to prepare 1 cubic meter of concrete.
As per trial-and-error method and standard practices among engineers, the “Total dry
volume” of dry ingredients (cement, sand and aggregate) needed to make 1 cubic meter of
M20, M15, and M10 grade concrete is 1.57 cubic meters, while the “Total dry volume” of dry
ingredients needed to make 1 cubic meter of M7.5 and M5 grade concrete is 1.52 cubic
meters.
Many websites use different values for “Total dry volume” in their calculations. The above
given values for “Total dry volume” have been personally verified several times and are
consistent with various government analysis rates.
Cement, Sand and Coarse aggregate requirement for M20

Grade concrete
The prescribed Nominal Concrete Mix Ratio of M20 grade concrete is 1:1.5:3.
1. Cement = 1 Part
2. Sand = 1.5 Part
3. Aggregate = 3 Part
4. Total dry volume of ingredients required = 1.57 cu.m
Volume of cement needed = Ratio of cement x 1.57/(1+1.5+3)
= 1 x 1.57/5 .5
= 0.285 cu.m
Volume of sand needed = Ratio of Sand x 1.57/(1+1.5+3)
= 1.5 x 1.57/5 .5
= 0.427 cu.m
Volume of aggregate needed = Ratio of agg x 1.57/( 1+1.5+3)
= 0.427 x 32
= 0.854 cu.m
Weight of Cement required for 1 cubic meter of M20 Grade

concrete
The weight of cement required can be calculated by multiplying the calculated volume of
cement by the bulk density of the cement. The standard bulk density of commonly used
cement types, including PPC and OPC, is 1440 kg/cu.m.
Weight of cement needed = volume of cement x bulk density of cement
= 0.285 cu.m x 1440 kg/cu.m
Weight of cement needed = 410 kg
No of cement bags required = 410/50
= 8.2 bags
Hence 8 bags of cement are required to prepare one cubic meter of M20 grade concrete.
Alternative method: – 1 cu.m of cement is approximately 28.8 bags.
Weight of cement needed = volume of cement x 28.8
= 8.2 bags
Volume of Sand and Aggregate required for 1 cubic meter of

M20 grade concrete
Sand and coarse aggregate are commonly sold by suppliers in Cubic Feet (CFT) and UNITS.
1 UNIT = 100 cft.

1 cum =35.32 cft.
Volume of sand needed = Volume of sand x 35.32
=0.427 x 35.32
= 15.08 cft
Volume of aggregate needed = Volume of agg x 35.32
= 30.16 cft
Hence 15.08 cft of sand and 30.16 cft of aggregate are required to prepare one cubic meter
of M20 grade concrete.
Volume of Cement, Sand and Aggregate required for different

Concrete Grades in cubic meter
GRADE CEMENT SAND AGG
M20 0.285 m3 0.427 m3 0.854 m3
M15 0.224 m3 0.448 0.896 m3
M10 0.157 m3 0.471 m3 0.942 m3
M7.5* 0.117 m3 0.471 m3 0.942 m3
M5* 0.094 m3 0.471 m3 0.942 m3
Volume of cement sand and aggregate needed for different concrete grades in cubic meter
Cement, Sand and Aggregate required for different Concrete

Grades in kilogram and in cubic feet CFT
M20 410 kg 15.01cft 30.16 cft
M15 322kg 15.82cft 31.65cft
M10 226kg 16.64cft 33.27cft
M7.5* 169kg 16.64cft 33.27cft
M5* 135 kg 16.64cft 33.27cft
Weight of cement and cubic feet of sand and aggregate needed for different concrete grades
*As previously mentioned, 1.52 cu.m of dry aggregate (cement+sand+aggregate) is needed

to prepare 1 cu.m of M7.5 and M5 concrete.
Number of Cement bags and Volume of Sand and Aggregate

required for different Concrete Grades
M20 8.2 bags 15.01cft 30.16cft
M15 6.4 bags 15.82cft 31.65cft
M10 4.5 bags 16.64cft 33.27cft
M7.5* 3.38 bags 16.64cft 33.27cft
M5* 2.7 bags 16.64cft 33.27cft
Method:2 Weight of Sand and Coarse aggregate

required per bag of cement as per IS456
The total weight of sand and aggregate required per 50 kg bag of cement to prepare
various grades of concrete is given in the IS456 Code book.
TOTAL AGGREGATE
CONCRETE GRADE
( FINE + COARSE )
M5 800 kg
M 7.5 625 kg
M 10 480 kg
M 15 330 kg
M 20 250 kg
Weight of Sand and Aggregate needed for M20 Grade Concrete

per 50kg bag of cement
As per the above table, we require 250kg of dry aggregate (sand and coarse aggregate) per
50kg cement bag to produce M20 grade concrete. The standard ratio of fine aggregate to
coarse aggregate is 1:2, but depending on the grading of the fine aggregate and the size of
the coarse aggregate, this can be adjusted between ratio of 1:1.5 to 1:2.5.
F.A : C.A = 1 : 2
Sand (fine aggregate) = 1 part
Coarse aggregate = 2 Part
Total aggregate required = 250 kg
Sand needed per bag of cement = Ratio of sand x 250 /(1+2)
= 1 x 250 /(1+2)
= 83 kg ~ 85 kg
Aggregate needed per bag of cement = Ratio of agg x 250 /(1+2)
= 170 kg
Weight of Sand and Aggregate required per 50kg bag of

cement for different Concrete Grades
M20 1 bag 85 kg 170 kg
M15 1 bag 110 kg 220 kg
M10 1 bag 160 kg 320 kg
M7.5 1 bag 210 kg 415 kg
M5 1 bag 265 kg 535 kg
Also Read: Volume of Sand and Coarse Aggregate needed per bag of cement in Cubic Feet
CFT
Water Content Requirement for different concrete

Grades as per IS456 Codebook
But for nominal mix concrete, the IS456 codebook suggests the following amount of water
per 50kg bag of cement.
WATER PER 50KG BAG OF

CONCRETE GRADE
CEMENT
M5 60 Liters
M7.5 45 Liters
M10 34 Liters
M15 32 Liters
M20 30 Liters
Water required per 50kg bag of cement for different concrete grades.
References
1. IS456 -“Plain and Reinforced Cement Concrete – Code of Practice” – contains prescribed
quantity of materials in weight for all nominal concrete grade which is given above in this
post.
2. IS20262 – ” Concrete Mix Design Proportioning -Guidelines ” – to design different types of
concrete
Next Post »
Reasons to avoid Soil as an alternative to sand in concrete
106 comments
SACHIN says:
at
for particular grade of cement , is there fix value for per cubic ?
Reply
M25 Concrete Mix Ratio is not 1:1:2 | Mistakes by Engineers | Civil RnD
at
Reply
Difference between Nominal Mix Concrete and Design Mix | Civil RnD
at
Reply
Sand and Coarse Aggregate Needed Per Bag of Cement | Civil RnD
at
Reply
Kripasindhu Samaddar says:

at
A much informative and very useful article. Thanks to the author.
Reply
Subramanian says:
at
Sir you have given the derivation to calculate coarse and fine aggregate in kg for one bag
of cement.But I need in CFT for one cft of cement how much coarse ,fine aggregate
needed in CFT and water required in lit as per IS- 456 & IS-10262 can pls share the
derivation for CFT calculation
Reply
Prakash Kumar Sekar says:

at
I have already added too much information in this article so I have created a new post
for you. Hope you find this useful.
http://civilrnd.com/sand-and-coarse-aggregate-needed-per-bag-of-cement/
NARAGALLU MAHENDRA says:

at
Iam a Diploma student .I understand the whole concept. Thank u sir
Reply

at
You are welcome Naragalla Mahendra
Akhil says:
at
Here the density of cement that u taken is wrong
Reply
at
Bulk density of cement is usually taken as 1440 kg/m3 for practical purpose. Specific
gravity of cement is 3.5 but it’s different from bulk density. Bulk density = mass/volume
KANWAR MUHAMMAD REHMAN says:

at
very nice information shared, but i think this is nice to understand to mechanism of
concrete mixing, but at every site material composition is changed, thus it is necessary to
provide specimen of material to laboratory for testing so that they can confirm
accordingly.
appreciated to nice information.
Reply
Tshering Samdrup says:

at
Very informative. If queering time too is provided, it could have been great
Samiullah says:
at
Really appreciate what u have done for the fresher’s engineers thanks for each word u
wrote
Reply
Peter says:
at
For a concrete slab with a dimension of 15m by 12m and 0.15m thickness, mix ratio 1:2:4,
how do I know the amount of cement, sand, aggregate and water require for the concrete.
Reply
P.k.c says:
at
Local sand in 1 m2 ==?
Anonymous says:
at
How to know that what mix we have to consider for any kind of construction like road,
duplex , 22 story building etc?
Reply
Sakthish says:
at
For Road M 10, M 15 concrete may be used. For any kind of building different grade of
concrete is used in different parts of the building. For example foundation, PCC M7.5
and M10 are used but for floor slab only grade above M20 should be used.
Vishram Patel says:

at
We want to know,howcalculate water in m20 grade concreting.
K.E.Ansat says:
at
The post is very useful.
Reply
K.E.Ansat says:
at
Weight to volume ratio of SAND AND AGGREGATE are different in different grades i.e.
M20 M15 etc. How has this difference crept in and confuse us? Quantities of
components should not differ whether we follow weight method or volume method.
M20 85 kg=15 cft
M15 110 kg=15.82 cft
M10 160 kg=16.64 cft
M5 265 kg=16.64 cft
(All sand quantities) this is to be corrected to avoid propogation of wrong information.

Corrected quantities may be mailed to me or correct explanation may be mailed to me.
K.E. Ansar
at
I understand your question. You should understand that Nominal Mix concrete and
Design mix concrete are both different. Though they both have the same Grade name,
nominal mix concrete is usually designed for higher strength then mix design concrete.
This is due to the fact that while designing nominal mix concrete we don’t consider
various factors like the type of sand and “compactness” of sand and, presence of
moisture absorbtion. To put it simply that while designing nominal mix concrete, we
design for bulk densities of the materials which vary based on the compaction of the
material. So, 1. weight to volume ratio WILL differ as any nominal ratio prescribed are
only approximation as stated in code books for the reason mentioned above. 2.
Quantities of the material will differ but only in acceptable range. 3. The quantities
given above are in par with Rate of Analysis of various states and the quantities in the
weight given is directly from IS456 recommendation for Nominal mix concrete. If you
want accurate proportion and know what you are doing then calculate bulk density of
sand and aggregate supplied to your site and tweek the weight proportion ratio to get
the volume proportion. The cushion should be provided because the volume is not
absolute like weight it differs based on compaction, grading and moisture content of
the aggregate.
bharath kumar reddy says:

at
sir iam planning to build G+1 , can i use M sand for M15 concrete , if so what should be
the proportions of cement , sand, water, aggregate and curing process.
Abugre Falasi Mohammed says:

at
Keep it up!
I need a step by step calculations on the cement, sand and coarse aggregate
All in cm,kg or m and mm
Cus I finds it difficult to calculate in cft.
So help me pls.
Reply
at
Sure Check your mail
Martin says:
at
What about those who measure using building wheelbarrows
Rajib says:
at
Sir I want to know that if i will calculate the concret required per cube.calculation divide
from 10 to ratio of concrete
.What is 10
Reply
at
I don’t understand the question pal. Are you asking for the calculation for M10 grade
concrete?
shabir says:
at
sir ,
1.how to calculated the one cubic feet 20mm mixer rate & labhour charge
2.how to calculated the one cubic feet size stone/bricks massonary rate & labhour charge
3.how to calculated the one cubic feet staricase material, rate & labhour charge
4.how to calculated the one cubic feet size earth work rate & charge
Reply

at
Thats a lot of question. I will make a detailed post on all your questions soon. In the
meantime refer “Estimation and Costing” by Dutta for your quesitons

at
Thats a lot of question. I will make a detailed post on all your questions soon. In the
meantime refer “Estimation and Costing” by Dutta for your questions
Nasser Kunju says:
at
I would like to know the approximate total cost for M20 concrete when I use 645 bags of
cement of 50 Kg using Msand and 20 mm aggregate..Approx cost is 380 Rs per bag. Would
appreciate your quick feedback. Tx
Reply
at
How much concrete are we talking about here?
Kay says:
at
we recently engaged in a contract with a builder and he says 1:3:4 ratio for concrete. he
says he normally do this for 2 floor buildings. Is this ratio a good one? please suggest at the
earliest. Thanks
Reply

at
Sorry for the late reply. Yes, the ratio is good as long as the spans are not too long. you
should consult an engineer with your plan for safety.
Roni says:
at
What’s density of sand and aggregate?
Reply

at
Bulk density of both sand and aggregate is usually between 1500kg/m3 to 1700kg/m3
Sathish says:
at
For 1m3 ,how much weight of concrete will come
Reply

at
Density of the concrete is around 2400kg/m3. The weight of the concrete is around
2400kg/m3. Usually, weight of the norma concrete will be less than 2400kg/m3
Aminu says:
at
Your contributions have been very helpful. Thank, you.

Hello, and happy new year!
Reply
at
Thank you very much Aminu. Happy new year to you too..
Anonymous says:
at
Dear Orakash Ji,
Your article on concrete mix is very good. It gives a good in-depth knowledge to any
common man.
ankit anand says:

at
Do the Dew
Hassan says:
at
Can you please explain how to calculate the quantity of brick work and block work..??
Reply

at
I am making a detailed post on that topic I will update you soon.
Ganesh says:
at
Good morning sir, It is very useful information. Now I have started G+2 building
construction in 2000SFT (Ground floor area). I have given the contract for construction.
They are using 1 : 2.5 : 3 (Actually they have suggested 1 : 2.5 : 3.5 ) for concrete and 1 : 6 for
brick work. We are using Ultratech 53 grade cement (OPC) cement. May I know is it good?
Reply
at
Contractors usually add extra sand to reduce the cement content and also to increase
the workability(consistency) of concrete. The strength of the concrete greatly depends
on the density of the concrete hence we should not play with the ratio of sand to
aggregate. I would suggest the ratio of 1:2:3 or 1:1.5:3 for M20 grade concrete and 1:2:4
or 1:2.5:3.5 for M15 grade concrete.
If you prepare concrete with your ration then the concrete will have too much sand. Too
much sand causes shrinkage and this will not give high-density concrete. Hence use
1:2:3 for good strength and 1:2.5:3.5 for moderate strength.
If you want to increase strength then reduce the water content and use Chemical
admixtures like super plasticisers. If you want good compaction and high density then
you can use two different types of aggregates like 10mm aggregate and 20mm
aggregate.
RK Sahu says:
at
Good morning Sir, by the help of your concrete ratio. I can solve my BOQ. Thank you.
From
Reply

at
It’s my pleasure
Md hussain says:
at
Sir how I calculate the 1:4:5 grade of concrete
Reply

at
I dont think that is a good ratio to obtain good quality of concrete, Mr. Hussain. You will
end up using too much sand which is not good for concrete. Maybe 1:3:5 is a good ratio.
Either way, you should follow the same procedure given above.
Vishev dev says:

at
It very easy. Make Excel sheet with the help of Excel formula. And entre data of m20
concrete carefully from the book of estimating costing. Once u will create u can see any
quantity of M grade of material. In few seconds just by chang the value but it before all u
need to well knowledge of MS. Excell . If u need reliable excel formate data contact me
on FB Id vishv Dev bhagat
Vikram Adhithya says:

at
how to calculate quantity of water required to make concrete ?

(explain it with any of concrete grades)
Reply

at
Its in the end of the post….
GRADE WATER PER 50KG OF CEMENT IN LITERS

M5………..60 liters
M7.5……..45
M10……..34
M15……..32
M20……..30
Vikram Adhithya says:

at
Thank you for clear explanation.
Reply
Neethu says:
at
What is weight of fine & coarse aggregate and weight of cement in kg for nominal cement
concrete mix 1:1:2
Reply
at
1:1:2 is considered as a nominal mix ratio for m25 but its wrong. there is no nominal mix
ratio for m25 mix. mix above m25 should be designed with code book.
Baba says:
at
What is the size of the box use for measuring aggregates for volume mixing
Reply
PKS Civil Engineer / Asst. Prof. says:

at
2 Head pan = 1.25 cuft = 1 bag of cement
1 batching box = 1.25 cuft = 1 bag of cement
Martin Magot says:

at
Sir, how do I calculated or determine the quantity of materials required per cubic meter
by weight to create a concrete mix? the specifications are:
1. maximum size aggregate 1.1/2 in.
2. cement content 8 bags per cubic meter
3. W/C ratio 0.65
4. assume air voids 6% of aggregate volume.
Thanks,
ujjawal singh says:

at
What is ratio M25 grade ?
Reply
PKS Civil Engineer / Asst. Prof. says:

at
There is no nominal mix ratio for m25 grade. some people will say that m25 grade is
1:1:2 but they are wrong. Codebook says that concrete above M20 grade should be
designed only by procedure from the IS10262
Monika says:
at
How do we know that for M20 concrete we must have a ratio of 1:1.5:3
???
Reply
murali says:
at
in design mix
a/c to is :10262-2009, how to calculate volume of coarse and fine aggregate for different
water cement ratio.
Reply
murali says:
at
useful information
Reply
jishnu s says:
at
Good
Reply

at
Thank you
Roy kp says:
at
l want make ready made wall sise of

1’w×5’L×1″T what is the proportion of cement sand aggregate and water
if need iron rod or (gale )then what is size
Reply

at
For What purpose?. Generally, walls are constructed with bricks and mortor. Cement
and sand in the ratio of 1:5.
Ranjeet Singh says:
at
M 50 mix designe
Reply
at
Concrete above M20 Should be designed using “IS 10262: Guidelines for concrete mix
design proportioning” Code book
Anonymous says:
at
100 Sq.ft how to calculate brick
Reply
Anonymous says:
at
5.5 mq concrete me sand cement &metal 1&2 no kitna jaayega
Reply
Anonymous says:
at
how to calculate rod
Reply
Anonymous says:
at
volume of raw material 1.5 is constant value or sand value
Reply
Prakash Kumar says:

at
It’s a approximate constant empirical value.
Anonymous says:
at
thanks
Saif says:
at
Md Saif
Reply
Anonymous says:
at
how to calculate for M40 grade ?
Reply
Prakash Kumar says:

at
You can design M40 Grade using code book
Prakash Kumar says:
at
M40 Concrete should be designed as per code.
Anonymous says:
at
very nice imfo. in that site
Reply
Ramesh.P. Manguppam says:
at
The ratio is same for river sand and Robo sand( M-Sand).
Reply
Sathish says:
at
Yes
desta says:
at
how can we apply this for different dimensions(cross section)?¡.e in my case i do have
1.7m*1.7m*0.5 footing pad which is prepared to be filled.

at
Calculate the concrete quantity required in cubic meter and then multiply the quantity
with the cement sand and aggregate for 1 cubic meter of concrete.
In your case
Volume of concrete = 1.7 x 1.7 x 0.5 = 1.4 cu.m
It looks like you are using m20 grade mix with extra sand. If you follow that mix
proportion then to calculate use this following method.
Total ratio = 1 + 2 + 3 = 6
Cement required = (1/6) x 1.5 = 0.25 cu.m (refer the post to change cu.m to bags)
Sand = 0.25 x 2 = 0.5 cu.m
Aggregate = 0.25 x 3 = 0.75 cu.m
Akram says:
at
Sir int his case we did calculate sand and aggregate in cubic feet but how we cn use it at
site in execution plz tell me quickly

at
You can calculate by counting head Pan. If you are using M15 grade concrete then for
every 1 pan of cement use 2 pan of fine aggregate and 4 pan of coarse aggregate.
veerababu says:
at
i want 1 : 3 : 6 how much sand qty
Reply
Anonymous says:
at
for what grade
prakashkumarsekar says:
at
1:3:6 is a M10 grade concrete. As per IS456, for 50kg bag of cement you will need 480 kg
of total aggregate i.e., 160kg of sand and 320kg of coarse aggregate.
Anonymous says:
at
i think its 450kg for total aggregate , so 150kg sand and 300kg CA
Prakash Kumar says:

at
Yes that’s what code book suggests If you are looking for weigh batching
Anonymous says:
at
M 35
Anonymous says:
at
multiply by 1.57 instead of 1.5
Reply
Anonymous says:
at
NIRANJAN DASH
Reply
diwakar saxena says:

at
Is this method also applicable for designing nominal mixture of M15 grade
Reply
Prakash Kumar says:

at
Yes of course but instead of multiply 1.5 in the volume required formula, you should
multiply 1.55.
prakashkumarsekar says:
at
Ah, Thanks for your input.
Reply
Nirav Patel says:

at
how can i calculate sand and aggregate per cum in kilogram
Reply
vajid ali says:
at
How can weight calaculate sand and aggregate per cum
Prakash Kumar says:

at
Since many readers are asking the same question I have updated the post. Read the
post again or click here
any more questions?
Kathavarayan says:
at
sir I’m kathavarayan BE civil Engineer Steels calucaled I need sie

at
I will publish about steel calculation soon. In the meantime You can refer “Estimation
and quantity surveying” book by Dutta
Prakash Kumar says:

at
I have updated the post. In the end of the post you will find what you are looking for.
sudharsan reddy says:

at
volume of aggregate Ã— density of aggregate
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3/4/23, 12:54 PM Calculate Cement Sand & Aggregate - M20, M15, M10, M5 Ratio - Civil RnD

Calculate Cement Sand & Aggregate – M20, M15, M10, M5 Ratio

Understanding Concrete Grades

What is Concrete Mix Ratio?

What is the difference between nominal mix ratio and design

Nominal Concrete Mix Ratio for Different Grades of Concrete

Nominal Concrete Mix Ratio

M7.5 1:4:8 7.5 N/mm2

M10 1:3:6 10 N/mm2

M15 1:2:4 15 N/mm2

M20 1:1.5:3 20 N/mm2

Nominal concrete mix ratios

Method:1 Calculation of Cement, Sand and Aggregate

Cement, Sand and Coarse aggregate requirement for M20

Volume of cement needed = Ratio of cement x 1.57/(1+1.5+3)

Volume of sand needed = Ratio of Sand x 1.57/(1+1.5+3)

Volume of aggregate needed = Ratio of agg x 1.57/( 1+1.5+3)

Weight of Cement required for 1 cubic meter of M20 Grade

Weight of cement needed = volume of cement x bulk density of cement

= 0.285 cu.m x 1440 kg/cu.m

Weight of cement needed = 410 kg

No of cement bags required = 410/50

Alternative method: – 1 cu.m of cement is approximately 28.8 bags.

Weight of cement needed = volume of cement x 28.8

Volume of Sand and Aggregate required for 1 cubic meter of

1 UNIT = 100 cft.

Volume of sand needed = Volume of sand x 35.32

Volume of aggregate needed = Volume of agg x 35.32

Volume of Cement, Sand and Aggregate required for different

GRADE CEMENT SAND AGG

M20 0.285 m3 0.427 m3 0.854 m3

M15 0.224 m3 0.448 0.896 m3

M10 0.157 m3 0.471 m3 0.942 m3

M7.5* 0.117 m3 0.471 m3 0.942 m3

M5* 0.094 m3 0.471 m3 0.942 m3

Cement, Sand and Aggregate required for different Concrete

GRADE CEMENT SAND AGG

M20 410 kg 15.01cft 30.16 cft

M15 322kg 15.82cft 31.65cft

M10 226kg 16.64cft 33.27cft

M7.5* 169kg 16.64cft 33.27cft

M5* 135 kg 16.64cft 33.27cft

*As previously mentioned, 1.52 cu.m of dry aggregate (cement+sand+aggregate) is needed

Number of Cement bags and Volume of Sand and Aggregate

GRADE CEMENT SAND AGG

M20 8.2 bags 15.01cft 30.16cft

M15 6.4 bags 15.82cft 31.65cft

M10 4.5 bags 16.64cft 33.27cft

M7.5* 3.38 bags 16.64cft 33.27cft

M5* 2.7 bags 16.64cft 33.27cft

Method:2 Weight of Sand and Coarse aggregate

Weight of Sand and Aggregate needed for M20 Grade Concrete

Sand (fine aggregate) = 1 part

Coarse aggregate = 2 Part

Total aggregate required = 250 kg

Sand needed per bag of cement = Ratio of sand x 250 /(1+2)

Aggregate needed per bag of cement = Ratio of agg x 250 /(1+2)

Weight of Sand and Aggregate required per 50kg bag of

GRADE CEMENT SAND AGG

M20 1 bag 85 kg 170 kg

M15 1 bag 110 kg 220 kg

M10 1 bag 160 kg 320 kg

M7.5 1 bag 210 kg 415 kg