Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Swimming Pool Dehumidification Selection Guide Low Web PDF
Swimming Pool Dehumidification Selection Guide Low Web PDF
Temperature Management 16
Air Circulation 38
Air Distribution 40
December 2016
Far too many private and public indoor swimming pools have been destroyed
because the inventory, walls and building structures were destroyed by
mould, rot and corrosion – because an adequate dehumidifying system was
never installed. Humidity in itself is critical, and at the same time chlorine is
an aggressive substance, which severely attacks building materials when it is
present in condensation.
The dimensioning of a pool dehumidifier is not an exact science, and there are
many mutually dependent factors which have an impact. Making a change in
one area, often affects other areas. Dehumidification requires careful thought
and above all, good dialogue between the architect and consulting engineer.
This is why we can say with confidence that you are on safe ground if you
follow the directions in this guide.
The air’s density (ρ) The vertical orange axis all the way out on the left.
The air’s density changes in line with changes to temperature/relative humidi-
ty. In general, the air weighs less the higher the relative humidity is.
We use ρ = 1.175 kg/m3 air as the average value of the air’s density indoors
and outdoors.
Air temperature (t) The vertical pink axis on the left with corresponding lightly sloping lines.
Dry bulb (t) The temperature we measure in the air using an standard thermometer.
The temperature is given in °C.
Enthalpy (h) The purple diagonal lines.
Enthalpy is the air’s heat content and is stated as kJ/kg air.
Starts at 0 °C = 0 kJ/kg.
Relative humidity (RH) The green curves.
The relative humidity is stated as a percentage (%) and is an expression of
the air's actual water vapour pressure compared to the water vapour pressure
when the air is saturated.
Water content (x) The horizontal light blue bottom axis.
The water content describes the amount of water that is actually present in
the air, and is given as g water per kg air.
Water vapour pressure The vertical blue axis on the right.
(p) The water vapour pressure is measured in mbar and is read to determine the
partial water vapour pressure.
The brown diagonal line in the bottom half of the diagram is an aid to use to
determine the partial water vapour pressure.
6
55 30%
50
1.100
40%
45
50%
40 60%
70%
35
1.150 80%
90%
30 %
100
90
kJ
25
80
/k
g
kJ
/k
70
g
1.200
kJ
/k
20
60
g
kJ
/k
g
50
15
kJ
/k
g
40
40
kJ
/k
1.250 10
g
30
35
kJ
/k
g
5 30
20
kJ
/k
g
0 25
Water vapour pressure (mbar)
1.300
10
kJ
/k
20
g
Vanddamptryk (mbar)
-5
15
-10
1.350 10
-15 5
-20 0
0 5 10 15 20 25
Vandindhold (x) i g vand/kg luft
Water content (x) in g water/kg air
7
The Mollier diagram allows you to read the dew point temperature and water content in the air, if you
know the relative humidity of the air and the air’s temperature. The point is plotted in the diagram and
the water content of the air is found on the X-axis. The dew point temperature is found by moving
vertically, until you intersect the 100 %RH curve, after which you read the dew point temperature on
the Y-axis.
At 28 °C; 60 %RH, the water content is approx. 14 g water per kg air, and the dew point temperature
is approx. 19.5 °C. This means that if there are surfaces in the room that have a temperature that is less
than 19.5 °C, condensation will form on these surfaces.
If the building is poorly insulated, it may be necessary to lower the relative humidity to 50 %RH, the
water content will change to 12 g water/kg air and the dew point temperature will change to 16.5 °C.
MOLLIER HX-DIAGRAM
% Relativ fugtighed %
Lufttemperatur oC 10
60
Air density kg/m3
55 30%
50
1.100
40%
45
50%
40 60%
70%
35
1.150 80%
90%
30 %
100
90
kJ
25
80
/k
g
k
J/k
70
1.200
kJ
/k
20
60
g
kJ
/k
g
50
15
kJ
/k
g
40
40
kJ
/k
1.250 10
g
30
35
kJ
/k
g
5 30
20
kJ
/k
g
0 25
Water vapour pressure (mbar)
1.300
10
k
J/k
20
g
Vanddamptryk (mbar)
-5
15
-10
1.350 10
-15 5
-20 0
0 5 10 15 20 25
Vandindhold (x) i g vand/kg luft
Water content (x) in g water/kg air
Insufficiently treated water results in poor hy- Shown below are the threshold values, which
giene, while water that has been excessively apply to products for indoor swimming pools
treated results in gases in the air that contain in accordance with EN/ISO 12944-2, protection
chlorine, which can irritate the eyes and cause class C4. These threshold values must be com-
breathing difficulties. plied with for the warranty to be valid.
pH 7.2 - 7.6
pH 7.2 - 7.6
10
11
TERMINOLOGY
Outdoor air: Air that is drawn in from
outside the building and
used as replacement air.
supply air
Exhaust air: The air that is blown
outside the building.
12
13
CONDENSE DEHUMIDIFIER
Advantages Disadvantages
VENTILATION DEHUMIDIFIER
Advantages Disadvantages
Optimal regulation of humidity and Cannot be used when the outdoor air is more
temperature humid than the indoor air.
In small pools and spas there is rarely a desire for large volumes of outdoor air. In these cases, people
will often choose a condense dehumidifier, since the investment is small and it is simple to use.
In medium large pools, private pools or hotels, the choice will be between a condense dehumidifier
and a ventilation dehumidifier, depending on several factors: requirements for the volume of outdoor
air, level of comfort and the size of the budget. If there is a strong requirement for the volume of
outdoor air and comfort, and the budget is large enough, the choice will tend to favour a ventilation
dehumidifier.
In large public swimming pools, because of the number of users, the requirement for the volume of
outdoor air will often mean that ventilation dehumidifiers are the correct solution. But if the outdoor
air is more humid than the indoor air for long periods of time, the choice will of course be a condense
dehumidifier.
15
Depending on which dehumidifier has been Cooling with reversible heat pump (only
chosen, there are different options available for with dehumidification using ventilation)
temperature regulation. In some countries, free cooling is not sufficient,
and in those cases it is possible to build a heat
Heating coil pump in a reversible cooling unit using a 4-way
A heating coil is the most popular way to con- valve.
trol the temperature. Depending on the unit,
the heating coil is run by an ON/OFF (small unit) Reversible means that the heat pump reverses
or 0–10 V signal (large unit). the flow of the refrigerant, so that the section that
was originally an evaporator in relation to the ex-
There are two different types of heating coil: A hot haust air now becomes a condenser, and the sec-
water coil for connecting the central heating sys- tion that was originally the condenser in relation
tem and an electrical heating coil. Both types can to the outdoor air, now becomes an evaporator.
normally be supplied in different sizes, depending
on water temperature and heating requirements. Thus it is now possible to activate the further
cooling of the warm outdoor air. The outdoor
A unit that dehumidifies using outdoor air, must air is drawn across a cold coil and cooled down.
always have a heating coil. A condense dehu- The control of the 4-way valve and subsequent-
midifier only needs a heating coil if it operates ly the cooling, is fully-automatic, done through
with a certain portion of outdoor air or in con- the unit’s actual control unit.
nection with recirculation, where there is no fur-
ther heating in the pool room.
16
Since the outdoor air in this case must be With dehumidifiers with built-in cooling units or
cooled down by a great deal to be dehumidi- heat pumps, it is possible to have the dehumidifi-
fied, the cooling coil must be positioned before er delivered with a built-in water-cooled condens-
the built-in heating coil. In this way, it is possible er as a supplement to the air-cooled condenser.
to warm up the air again to avoid too cold air
being blown into the pool room. In a condense dehumidifier, warm air is always
added when the compressor is operating, and in
Cooling using an external condenser (con- some cases – especially when the temperature
dense dehumidifier only) outside increases and the heating requirement in
A condense dehumidifier will always produce the pool room falls – the excess heat is undesira-
some excess heat. This is due to the electrical ble. In such situations, a water-cooled condenser
energy that is used in the compressor, and that can be used and the excess heat utilised to warm
every single litre of condensed water produces the pool water or utility water.
a thermal output of around 0.7 kW.
In other words, with a water-cooled condenser
Often a water-cooled condenser is built into this more comfort is achieved than with a condense
unit. This makes it possible to transfer the excess dehumidifier. Furthermore the running costs will
heat to the pool water or to the utility water. decrease.
However, in countries with a hot climate during A ventilation dehumidifier does not pose the
the summer, the excess heat from the unit is of- same problem with excess heat that arises with a
ten greater than the water’s thermal loss, so the condense dehumidifier. If the temperature in the
excess heat must be dealt with in some other way. room is too high, if required, the compressor can
simply be switched off, since dehumidification is
In this situation, it is possible to use an external carried out using outdoor air. In other words, a wa-
air-cooled condenser. This means the excess ter-cooled condenser in this type of dehumidifier
heat can be transferred fully to the outdoor air, does not provide more comfort, but it will be able
and it is even possible to transfer more than to extend the operating time of the compressor
that. Thus, an external condenser can be used and thus utilise the excess heat more efficiently.
17
Private pools and hotels: 26–30 ºC However, other values can be used for outdoor
Public swimming pools: 26-28 ºC air in the calculation program DanCalcTool, if
Competition swimming: 24-27 ºC the values deviate significantly from the North-
Therapy baths: 30-36 ºC ern European standard.
Spa: 36-40 ºC
18
20
21
22
In the section "Which Type of Dehumidifier Should You Choose?" on page 15, some of the advan-
tages and disadvantages of the two types of dehumidifier are stated, and where the two types are
normally used.
In this section, we will look in more detail at the different types of dehumidifier that Dantherm supplies
– from small private pools, to major public swimming pools.
Ventilation dehumidifiers
DanX XD/HP
DanX XKS/XWPRS/XWPS
Condense dehumidifiers
DanX AF
25
pool area in m2
26
pool area in m2
27
pool area in m2
28
pool area in m2
29
pool area in m2
30
pool area in m2
31
pool area in m2
32
pool area in m2
33
pool area in m2
34
W capacity dehumidifier can be read in the capacity diagrams in the catalogue material. If you
use DanCalcTool, the capacity is read automatically and the program devises proposals for solu-
tions.
36
For a ventilation unit, the dehumidifier must be installed in accordance with the volume of air, Q,
which is replaced in the room. It is determined by the following formula:
The volume of air, Q, can be found in the catalogue. If you use DanCalcTool, you will automati-
cally be shown dehumidifier solution proposals in the program.
37
On the other hand, excessively high air cir- Furthermore, in rooms with big window sec-
culation is irritating in the form of noise and tions, the following is recommended:
draughts, so you cannot just circulate endless - Z between 5 and 10
large volumes of air. - Targeted air distribution in critical areas
- Set point RH 50-55 %
The air circulation, Z, is defined as the volume
of air in the dehumidifier divided by the pool
room’s size.
To ensure negative pressure in the pool room, It is normally sufficient to position a return air
the control of the exhaust air should relate to fan, which should be positioned high up in
the control of the outdoor air. the room, 3–5 m above the floor. In this way,
short-circuiting of the supply air and the extract
The control of outdoor air and exhaust air can air is avoided.
among other things, be based on the following
signals: There are two different ways to do this:
40
Ceiling ducting
Ceiling ducting can be used if the
supply duct extends to the ceiling,
because if required, dry air shall be
blown on a skylight. Approx. 80 %
of the air shall be blown on the
windows, while the rest of the air
is blown to the ceiling to avoid still
areas with cold humid air.
41
42
Cables: Yes No
Type of fans
Included:
Plug fans
Yes No
Requested meters:
2 speed belt driven 1 speed belt driven
Water temp.: / °C
Heating coil Electrical: kW
1. First, you must determine the operational Ventilation with heat recovery
(XKS type)
Supply filter :
are certain that you have included everything. Ventilation with recovery and
reversible heat pump
(XWP type) Supply filter : Water cooled condenser: Yes
2. The operational data is entered into the soft- Dantherm Air Handling A/S
.
Marienlystvej 65 DK-7800 Skive
www.dantherm-air-handling.com
Tel.: +45 96143700 Fax: +45 96143800
dantherm.dk @dantherm.com
.
3
IFIERS CDP
POOL DEHUMID
3
DIMENSIONS CDP 35
DEHUMIDIFIER
800 680
Function
The CDP 35 is an energy-efficient
and quiet pool dehumidifier.
cordance with the condensation 800 680 ItPOOL
works in ac-
800 680 principle. A fan draws the humid DEHUMIDI
dehumidifier and through 800 680
an evaporator coil. When passing air into the FIERS CDP
TECHNIC
orator the air is cooledALdown
DATAto below its dew through the evap -
tent of water vapour is condensed point temperature, and its con
into315water, which falls into the -
then is led fromModel drip tray and
the drip tray to a drain. The cold,
Operating dry air is then passed
B condenser coil where itrange
Operating
– humidity
is re-heated, before leaving the unit at a
CDPover
35 the
A range – temperatu
which is approx. 5°C higher temperature,
40 – 100 %RH
Air volume than at the315inlet.re 315
315 10 – 36 °C
Applications: Power supply
890
890 250 m3/h
B Max. ampere
A • Indoor swimming pools consumption
950
950 1x230/50 V/Hz
• Therapy poolsMax. power consumpt
ion 2,8 A
• Spas Refrigerant
position 0,72 kW
Drain outlet • Gymnasia Compressor R407C
Quantity of refrigeran
t Rotary
Sound level (at
FEATURESWeight 1 metre) 0,600 kg
47 dB(A)
Colour
• The CDP 35 is built into a strong 60 kg
Protection and robust powder-coated hot-galvanized
sheet metal cabinetclass RAL 7044 / 9016
• Evaporator and condenser
coils are epoxy-coated for higher IPX4
resistance corrosion
• All external and internal parts
CAPACITY of the cabinet are powder-coated
• The CDP 35 is fixedCURVES
to the wall by means of a wall
with the unit mounting strip supplied
placing of Min. 225
Recommended 40 *400
• The condensate
*
40%
outlet is locatedRH at the bottom of the60%
the CDP 35 CDP RH35. The
stub can35 be connected to a 1⁄2” water hose outlet 80% RH
• Air intake through a filter that
Min. 225
is placed behind the front panel
• Radial 30fan
• The CDP **400
25 35 can be floor mounted by
means of a floor mounting kit
(accessory) **800
20
• Optionally the CDP pool dehumidifier can
coil (accessory) be fitted with a water heating
15 Min. 225
10 **800 strip
g kit of the wall mounting
Floor mountin Electronic controldimensions indicate the placing
5 *The
The CDP 35 has a built-in hygrostat
Min. 225
and is fully automatic with electronic
trol. The hygrostat
0 is factory set to approx. 60% con
-
645 RH.
* An easy to read display
indicates the
0 current
status
0,5 of operation. panel
1 l/h
1,5
2
1. Power on 2,5
2. Dehumidification – the compressor *
Accessories is on
INSTALLA
3. Cooling circuit failure
TION – the dehumidifier is switched
Room hygrostat 1 2 3 ffo
kit 4
Floor mounting kit
Ext. failure monitoring Defrosting *
coil Passive, demand-controlled
Water heating defrosting is incorporated in
data sheets) the electronic control.
(see separate A sensor on the evaporator
coil ensures that the evaporator
in this series: when required. The compressor is only defrosted
Also available * is switched
blows room air through the Warmer Dry Air ffo during defrosting and the fan
CDP 45 645 rator. evaporator, thereby melting
the ice on the evapo
-
CDP 65
CDP 35T
CDP 45T If the relative humidity has to Warm Wet Air the wall
CDP 65T
be adjusted to the flooraorremote
frequently,
can be connected to the CDP *To be fixed room hygrostat
CDP 75 35. s are in mm.
CDP 125 All dimension
CDP 165 Pool Area
data sheets)
(see separate
dantherm.com
CDP 35/45/65
CDP 35/45/65 units
hall or area to be are designed for installation
dehumidified. directly in the pool
dantherm.com
43
The Dantherm Group is a leading provider of climate control products and solutions.
The group companies have more than 60 years of experience in designing and
manufacturing high quality and energy efficient equipment for heating, cooling, drying
and ventilation for a wide range of mobile and fixed applications.
Every year Dantherm Group uses significant resources on product development to stay
in the forefront and are constantly adapting the products to changing market demands
and legislation.
The Dantherm Group has a number of strong brands with well established market
positions in the mobile, pool, commercial/industrial and residential markets.
Dantherm Group customers benefit from our comprehensive knowledge base and the
experience and expertise that we have gained from more than three million climate
control products and solutions sold worldwide.
Global reach
The Dantherm Group is headquartered in Skive, Denmark and has an own market
presence in Norway, Sweden, United Kingdom, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Spain,
Poland, Russia, China and United Arab Emirates.
In 2016 the Dantherm Group was acquired by the Swedish equity fund Procuritas
Capital Investors V LP – a strong owner with the ambition to continue the development
and growth of the company.
Dantherm A/S
Marienlystvej 65 | DK-7800 Skive
Tel. +45 96 14 37 00 | Fax +45 96 14 38 20
info@dantherm.com | www.dantherm.com