Agrarian Law and Social Legislation

San Sebastian College-Recoletos

Rolly Francis C. Peoro

A. DESCRIPTION

This course will discuss the basic human rights principles of Agrarian Reform, the
economic basis, the Constitutional basis, the major jurisprudence and the
implementing laws and administrative issuances. A survey of the different social
legislations affecting the basic sectors will also be discussed. The methods of
learning include lecture, group work, research, and film viewing.

B. COURSE TOPICS

1. Concept of Social Justice

 Constitutional provision
Art II, Section 10, Art XIII, Sections 1-2
- Calalang v. Williams, G.R. No. 47800, December 2, 1940.

2. History/Background of Agrarian Reform

a. The Social and Constitutional Context of Agrarian Reform by Atty. Christian S.
Monsod
The PHILJA Judicial Journal, July-December 2006, Vol. 8, Issue No. 26, pp. 34-44
b. Why AR is Important: Social, Political, Economic, Ecological, Philisophical, and
Practical Reasons for COs by Gerry Bulatao
c. Offering Guideposts for Reform Efforts: Lessons from Agrarian Reform Program
in the Philippines, Virgilio R. Delos Reyes, Rolando G. Librojo, Jane Lynn D.
Capacio
d. Land: The Triumph of Gardening, Part 1, How Asia Works Success and Failure in
the World’s Most Dynamic Region by Joe Studwell

3. Basic Principles of Agrarian Reform

a. Constitutional Provisions
- Article II, Section 21
- Article XII, Section 1
- Article XIII, Section 4-8
b. Land Classification
- Article XII, Section 3, 1987 Constitution

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 - Section 20, LGC
- P.D. 705, Section 3 (Forestry Code). C.A. 141, Section 2

c. R.A 6657, as amended by RA. 9700

- Section 2
d. Cases
- Heirs of Malabanan v. Republic, G.R. No. 179987, September 3, 2013
- DENR v. Yap, G.R. No. 167707, October 8, 2008
- Del Rosario v. Delos Santos et. al., G.R. Nos. L-20589-90, March 21, 1968
- Association of Small Landowners v. Secretary of Agrarian Reform (G.R. No.
79310, July 14, 1989)

4. Definition and Components of Agrarian Reform

a. Section 3(a), R.A. 6657 as amended by R.A. 9700
b. Components of Agrarian Reform
- Land Tenure Improvement
- Agrarian Justice Delivery
- Program Beneficiaries Development
c. Section 30, R.A. 9700

5. Manner of Acquisition (Compulsory Acquisition, Voluntary Offer to Sell Stock

Distribution Option)
a. Section 16, 19, 31, R.A 6657
b. Cases:
- Roxas v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 127876, December 17, 1999)
- Hacienda Luisita Inc. v. PARC, et al., G.R. No. 171101, July 5, 2011;
November 22, 2011 Resolution; April 24, 2012 Resolution

6. Coverage
a. Definition of Agricultural Lands
- Section 3 (b) and (c), R.A.6657
- Section 4, R.A 6657
b. Definition of Farmer and farmworker (Section3f to l)
c. Phasing (Section 7, R.A 6657; Section 5, AO 7 Series of 2011)
d. Compared to PD 27
e. Untitled Private Agricultural Lands (DAR AO 3, Series of 2014)

7. Exclusions and Exemptions

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 a. Sections 9 and 10, R.A. 6657
b. Sections 7 and 8, DAR AO7, Series of 2011
c. DOJ Opinion 44, Series of 1990
d. DOJ Opinion No. 181, Series of 1990
e. RA 7881 (1995) Exempting Prawn Farms and Fishponds from CARP
f. Cases
- Alita v. CA, G.R. No. 78517, February 27, 1989
- Natalia Realty v. DAR, GR No. 103302, August 12, 1993
- Luz Farms v. Sec. of Agrarian Reform, GR No. 86889, December 4, 1990
- DAR v. Sutton, G.R. No. 162070. October 19, 2005
- Central Mindanao University v. DARAB, G.R. No. 100091. October 22,
1992
- DAR v. DECS, G.R. No. 158228. March 23, 2004
- Province of Camarines Sur v. CA, G.R. No. 103125 May 17, 1993
- Roxas & Company, Inc. v. DAMBA-NFSW, G.R. No. 149548. December 4,
2009
- Aninao vs. Asturias Chemical Industries, G.R. No. 160420, July 28, 2005
g. Coverage of previously exempted Agricultural lands
- Section 9, DAR AO7, Series of 2011
- DOJ Opinion No. 43 (2011)

--- MIDTERMS---
8. LAD Implementation
a. NOC/VOS
- Chapters 4-5, DAR AO 7 Series of 2011
b. Selection of Beneficiaries
- Section 22-25, R.A 6657, as amended by R.A 9700
- Chapter 7, DAR AO 7 Series of 2011
- Section 39, DAR AO 7, Series of 2011
c. Land Acquisition
- Chapter 8, DAR AO 7 Series of 2011
- Robustum Agricultural Corporation v. Department Of Agrarian Reform
And Land Bank Of The Philippines, G.R. No. 221484, November 19, 2018
d. Land Valuation and Landowner Compensation
- Section 17-18, R.A. 6657, as amended by R.A. 9700
- Chapter 9, DAR AO 7 Series of 2011
- Cases:

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 i. Association of Small Landowners in the Philippines v. Secretary of Agrarian
Reform, GR. No. 78742, July 14, 1989
ii. Land Bank of the Phils. v. Natividad, G.R. No. 127198. May 16, 2005
iii. Land Bank of the Phils. V.. CA, GR No. 118712, Oct. 6, 1995
iv. Lubrica v. Land Bank of the Phils., G.R. No. 170220. November 20, 2006
e. CLOA Generation and Distribution
- Section 96-106, DAR AO 7 Series of 2011
- Cases:
i. Estribillo v. DAR (G.R. No. 159674)
ii. Deleste v. LBP (G.R. No. 169913)
iii. DAR v. Carriedo (G.R. No. 176549, January 20, 2016)
iv. DAR v. Carriedo (October 10, 2018)

f. Installation
- Chapter 11, DAR AO 7 Series of 2011
- Standing crops (Section 28, R.A. 6657, DAR Administrative Order 8, Series of
2006)
- Alternatives to land redistribution / Joint economic enterprises

9. Landowners’ Rights
a. Section 27-29, AO 7 Series of 2011
- Protest against coverage (exemption or exclusion form CARP Coverage
- Nominate child/children who may qualify as preferred beneficiaries
- File a Manifestation for exemption or exclusion from CARP Coverage
- Exercise right of retention

b. Retention Rights
- Section 6, R.A. 6657
- Sections 30-39, DAR AO 7, Series of 2011

c. DAR Clearance on Land Transactions

- Section 40, AO 7, Series of 2011

d. Selection of Preferred Beneficiary/ies

- Section 46, DAR AO 7 Series of 2011

e. Support Services
- Section 38, R.A. 6657, as amended by R.A 9700

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 f. LGU Retention Limit Exemption
- Section 6-A, R.A. 6657 as amended by R.A 9700
- Section 41-42, DAR AO 7 Series of 2011

10. Agricultural Leasehold and Tenancy

a. RA 1199, as amended by RA 2263
- Secs 3, 5(a), 5(b)
b. RA 3844
- Secs 4-38
c. DAR AO 2, Series of 2006
d. Elements
1. Parties are owner/possessor and tenant
2. Subject is agricultural land
3. Consent
4. Purpose is agricultural production
5. Consideration
6. Personal cultivation
e. Cases:
- Cayetano and Tiongson v. CA (G.R. No. L-62626)
- Caballes v. DAR (G.R. No. 78214)
- Hilario v. IAC (G.R. No. 70736)
- Qua v. CA (G.R. No. 95318)
- Guerrero v. CA (G.R. No. L-44570)
- Talavera v. CA (G.R. No. 77830)
- Endaya v. CA (G.R. No. 88113)
- Milestone Realty v. CA (G.R. No. 135999)
- Basbas v. Entena (G.R. No. L-21812)
- Tan v. Pollescas (G.R. No. 145568)
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f. Share tenancy, abolition
- RA 3844, Sec 4
- Cases:
i. Hidalgo v. Hidalgo (G.R. No. L-25326)
ii. Guerrero v. CA (G.R. No. L-44570)

11. Prohibited Acts and Omissions

- Sections 73, 73-A, 74 of R.A. 6657 as amended by R.A. 9700

12. Conversion (Conversion vs. Reclassification)

- Section 65, R.A. 6657, as amended by R.A.9700
- Sec. 20 of RA 7160 or the Local Government Code of 1991

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 - DAR AO 1, Series of 2002
- Cases:

i. CREBA v. Secretary of Agrarian Reform, G.R. No. 183409. June 18,

2010
ii. Ros v. DAR, G.R. No. 132477. August 31, 2005
iii. Alarcon v. CA (G.R. No. 152085)
iv. Province of Camarines Sur v. CA, G.R. No. 103125
v. Fortich v. Corona, G.R. No. 131457, 17 November 1998

13. Adjudication of Agrarian Reform Cases

e. Jurisdiction

- Sections 50-55, R.A 6657 as amended by R.A. 9700

- Section 30, R.A. 9700
- Section 68, R.A. 6657, as amended by R.A. 9700
- Robustum Agricultural Corporation v. Department Of Agrarian Reform
And Land Bank Of The Philippines, G.R. No. 221484, November 19, 2018

f. DAR Adjudicator
- 2009 DARAB Rules of Procedure

g. DAR Secretary
- Section 24, R.A. 6657 as amended by R.A. 9700
- DAR AO 3 Series of 2003
-DAR AO 3, Series of 2017

h. Special Agrarian Courts

- Sections 56-62, R.A 6657, as amended by R.A. 9700
- DAR v. Cuenca , G.R. No. 154112. September 23, 2004

i. Supplemental readings
- DAR AO 3, S. 2003, AO 3, S. 2017 – Rules on Agrarian Law
Implementation [ALI] Cases
- The 2009 DARAB Rules of Procedure

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RFCP