Volume (mL) Vol. HCl Added (mL) pH ΔV (mL) ΔpH Average Volume HCl added (mL) ΔpH/Δvol.

d (mL) ΔpH/Δvol. (1st Deriv.)

0.20 0.00 10.83
2.40 2.20 10.34 2.20 0.49 1.10 0.222
6.20 6.00 9.55 3.80 0.80 4.10 0.210 Unknown B Potentiometric Endpoints (1st Derivative)
8.30 8.10 8.24 2.10 1.31 7.05 0.622 45
10.30 10.10 6.77 2.00 1.47 9.10 0.733
40
10.50 10.30 6.73 0.20 0.04 10.20 0.211
11.10 10.90 6.61 0.60 0.13 10.60 0.210 35

11.40 11.20 6.51 0.30 0.09 11.05 0.311 30

ΔpH/ΔVolume
11.70 11.50 6.46 0.30 0.06 11.35 0.187 25
11.90 11.70 6.43 0.20 0.03 11.60 0.156
20
12.10 11.90 6.39 0.20 0.04 11.80 0.189
13.00 12.80 6.22 0.90 0.17 12.35 0.189 15
13.35 13.15 6.17 0.35 0.05 12.98 0.139 10
14.10 13.90 5.96 0.75 0.21 13.53 0.276
5
14.90 14.70 5.78 0.80 0.18 14.30 0.227
15.20 15.00 5.70 0.30 0.08 14.85 0.252 0
0 5 10 15 20 25
15.65 15.45 5.55 0.45 0.16 15.23 0.351
Avg. Volume HCl Added (mL)
15.80 15.60 5.47 0.15 0.07 15.53 0.472
16.00 15.80 5.42 0.20 0.05 15.70 0.259
16.20 16.00 5.31 0.20 0.12 15.90 0.583
16.35 16.15 5.20 0.15 0.11 16.08 0.724 Titration Curve for Potentiometric Titration of Unknown
16.60 16.40 4.95 0.25 0.24 16.28 0.974 B
16.80 16.60 4.74 0.20 0.22 16.50 1.086
12.00
16.80 16.60 5.47 0.00 -0.74 16.60 #DIV/0!
16.90 16.70 5.37 0.10 0.10 16.65 1.031 10.00
17.00 16.80 5.00 0.10 0.37 16.75 3.686
17.01 16.81 4.61 0.01 0.40 16.81 39.61 8.00
17.30 17.10 3.69 0.29 0.92 16.96 3.161

pH
6.00
17.80 17.60 3.17 0.50 0.52 17.35 1.030
18.45 18.25 2.90 0.65 0.28 17.93 0.428 4.00
19.60 19.40 2.73 1.15 0.17 18.83 0.144
19.90 19.70 2.58 0.30 0.15 19.55 0.502 2.00

20.30 20.10 2.53 0.40 0.05 19.90 0.127 0.00

0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00
Percent Na₂CO₃ in Unknown B 19.69 Volume HCl (mL)