Chapter V

Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations

This chapter presents the summary of findings, the conclusions, and recommendations

of the study. The conclusions given were drawn from the outcomes of the research and series of

collection of data.

Summary

This study sought to answer the following questions:

1.1 The common hazing practices in the Philippines

1.2 Implications of hazing in the society

1.3 The positive and negative sides of hazing.

2. The measures that the Philippine Government has undertaken when they encounter issues

during the implementation of Republic Act 8049.

3. How are the school administrators and officials liable for the University Fraternity-

involved injuries and other hazing incidents punished?

 In order to answer the following questions, the researcher used the qualitative method

after a series of data gathering procedure. For the said procedure, the researcher used the internet,

law books, journals, dissertations and unpublished theses related to the study.

Findings

1. The hazing has become more physically violent in the Philippines, there are measures that

the Government could apply to address the problem on increasing hazing cases in different

organizations as initiation rites.

1.1 Common hazing practices

SUBTLE HAZING: Behaviors that emphasize a power imbalance between new

members/rookies and other members of the group or team. Termed “subtle hazing” because

these types of hazing are often taken-for-granted or accepted as “harmless” or meaningless.

Subtle hazing typically involves activities or attitudes that breach reasonable standards of

mutual respect and place new members/rookies on the receiving end of ridicule,

embarrassment, and/or humiliation tactics. New members/rookies often feel the need to endure

subtle hazing to feel like part of the group or team. (Some types of subtle hazing may also be

considered harassment hazing).

Some Examples:

• Deception

• Silence periods with implied threats for violation

• Deprivation of privileges granted to other members

• Requiring new members/rookies to perform duties not assigned to other members

• Socially isolating new members/rookies • Line-ups and Drills/Tests on meaningless

HARASSMENT HAZING: Behaviors that cause emotional anguish or physical discomfort in

order to feel like part of the group. Harassment hazing confuses, frustrates, and causes undue stress

for new members/rookies. (Some types of harassment hazing can also be considered violent

hazing).

Some Examples:

• Verbal abuse

• Threats or implied threats

• Asking new members to wear embarrassing or humiliating attire

• Stunt or skit nights with degrading, crude, or humiliating acts

• Expecting new members/rookies to perform personal service to other members such as carrying

VIOLENT HAZING: Behaviors that have the potential to cause physical and/or emotional, or

psychological harm.

Some Examples:

• Forced or coerced alcohol or other drug consumption

• Beating, paddling, or other forms of assault

• Branding

• Forced or coerced ingestion of vile substances or concoctions

• Burning

1.2 Implications of Hazing in the Society

By participating in hazing, not only are individuals affected, but the organization also suffers.

Individuals and their organization are accountable to the national and/or international offices as

well as institutional and local governing boards. In addition to the organization being shut down,

the following outcomes may result when members of an organization participate in hazing:

 Loss of reputation within the Babson community and the national community

 Loss of recognition for the organization and/or other privileges revoked

 Civil damages may be levied against the organization

 A gradual erosion of the true meaning and values of the organization

 Individuals and their organization are accountable to the national and/or international

offices as well as institutional and local governing boards.

It’s natural for people to want to join groups and fit in with their peers. College students,

especially, may feel a real need to fit in and be a part of their campus’ activities. They may

feel that being a part of a group, like a sorority, fraternity, or athletic team will bring them

security and protection. Perhaps they have and athletic scholarship, and are excited to join the
college team. However, they may be stunned to find out the types on initiation they may be

expected to endure in order to join. They may be shocked and frightened, but lack the skills

or strength to resist the pressure to endure the abuse and humiliation that is a part of hazing.

Those who are subjected to hazing behaviors or events as teens or young adults may

experience negative emotional and psychological reactions for months or even years,

depending on the person and the type of trauma experienced. High school and college students

can sustain physical injuries, and can even die as a result of hazing. While death or serious

physical injury is less common, 71% of those who are hazed do suffer from negative

consequences (Consequences of Hazing, 2014). One of the hallmarks, and most devastating

features of hazing, is degradation and humiliation. Causing them to perform humiliating acts

is common, and the resulting shame can have lasting effects. These negative consequences

may include: