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THE OLD ENGLISH GOSPEL OF NICODEMUS.
texts here printed have not previously been published,
THE
either as a whole or in part.' While they are both concerned
with that very interesting subject, the Evangelium Nicodemi,
they are of quite a differentcharacter. The first (from the
Cotton MS Vespasian D 14) is without doubt a late Old
English version of the Gospel of Nicodemus, while the second
(from the Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, MS 41) is an
OE. homily which discusses with some detail the "Harrowing
of Hell" episode from the apocryphal sources of the life of
Christ.
I. THE MANUSCRIPT COTTON VESPASIAN D 14 (FOL. 87b-100).
When I undertook,a few years ago, to edit the OE. manu-
scriptsof the Gospel of Nicodemus,2I did not appreciate the real
importance of the version contained in Vesp. D 14. There are
two reasons why I did not include this version (or, at any rate,
supply variant readings from it) in the reprint of the Cambr.
Univ. Libr. MS Ii, ii, 11 and the Cotton MS Vitelius A 15: first,
and chiefly,because I was misled by Wfilker'swords, "Nicht zu
verwechseln mit dieser Obertragung ist ein Auszug aus dem
Pseudevangelium Nicodemi in der Handschrift zu London,
Cotton. Vesp. D XIV,"3 as to the importanceof the text; in the
second place, I had never had a good opportunityto examine the
manuscriptcarefully. These facts also account for the following
statement,which occurs in the previouslymentionededition:
In additionto the above mentionedMSS a sortof r6sum6of the
contentsof the Gospel of Nicodemus,i. e., of Part II, is foundin the
CottonMS VespasianD 14 (fol.87b-100aincl.)in the formof a homily
by Aelfric.4
1FORSTER does include a few passages of Vespasian D 14 in his article, "Zum alt-
englischen Nicodemus-Evangeliuin," Archiv filr das Studium der neueren Sprachen, Vol.
CVII, pp. 311-21.
2See Publications of the Modern Language Association of America, Vol. XIII (New
Series, Vol. VI), pp. 457f. (1898).
3Cf. Grundriss,p. 497. 4Cf. Publications, p. 464.
579] 1 [MODERN PHILOLOGY, April, 1904

2 WILLIAM H. HULME
In the summerof 1901 I was able to study thoroughlyand to

make a copy of the manuscript,and to see, as a result thereof,the
insufficiencyof my own and Wfalker's characterizationof the
piece. Later in the same year my attention was directed to
the value of the Vespasian version by Professor Max Forster's
article in Archiv.' An examination of the MS led me to con-
clude that the version is neither an auszug fromnor a "r6sum6"
of the original, or the Cambridge version-a conviction which
was strengthenedby the reading of FOrster'sdiscussion of the
relationof the MSS.2 It seems,moreover,very doubtful3whether
the piece may be considered a homily at all, although evidence in
favorof such an assumption is not altogetherwanting. It has
been preservedin a MS that has a decidedly homiletic character,
and among pieces that are undoubtedlyhomilies, though there
are a number of non-homileticpieces in the same codex. There
are, also, two passages in the text,which have nothing to do with
the traditional narrative of the Gospel of Nicodemus, and which
begin with words that belong especially to the homileticvocabu-
lary of OE. Neither of these passages has anything exactly
corresponding in the other two versions of the Gospel of Nico-
demus. The passages in question are as follows:
1. Eala maen pa leofeste,hwu lalic and hwu grislicw~es peere
deoflenegemot,Pa seo helle and se deofelheombetweonencidden!'
2. Eala moen,hwu grislichit woespa-pa seo deofellicehelle pone
feondBeelzebubunderfengand hinefaestegeheold! For-panse deofol
woes erPoerehellehlafordand eallrapoeredeofellicrePingenpe hireon
waeron.5
The words Eala mcen are especially characteristic of OE.
homilies. But it is, of course,possible that the peculiar language
and style of the Vespasian version,as compared with those of the
earlier versions, are due to the copyist of the manuscript,6and
that these passages were added by him. Whatever one may think
on this point, there is, apparently,no valid reason for attributing
them to Aelfric.7 But before going furtherinto the questions
1Cf. op. cit. 3Ibid. 5Cf. p. 28 of text.
2Cf. p. 314. 4Cf. p. 25 of text. 6 FORSTER, p. 320.
7Ibid. Professor A. S. Napier, who knows the MS thoroughly,sees no reasons for
believing in Aelfrician authorship. WtfLKER thinks (Geschichte der englischenLitteratur,
p. 69) that the original version of the OE. Evang. Nicod. was a product of the Aelfrician
school.
580
THE OLD ENGLISH GOSPEL OF NICODEMUS 3
of date and authorship,it will be well to give a brief historyof

the manuscript.
MS Cotton Vespasian D 14 is a small quarto on vellum and
contains 169 leaves (i. e., 338 pages), which measure 5 x 71
inches. The MS of our piece is writtenin a bold, clear hand
which offerslittle difficulty to the reader. Capitals are indicated
by a red strokeor flourishon the frontof the letter,and theyare
employed with considerable care. The scribe was also fond of
paragraphing, paragraphs being indicated by the setting in of
lines. There are numerous correctionsand insertions of minor
importancethroughoutthe MS, which have generally been indi-
cated in the footnotesof the text here printed. These corrections
are in a later hand, which is probably also responsible for the
large number of underscoredwords and phrases, sprinkledappar-
entlyat random through the piece. In the very scanty account
of the MS in the British Museum Catalogue of Manuscripts
it is assigned to the late eleventh or the twelfth century.
The hand of the Nicodemus text seems to justify this rather
indefinitedating. The earliest account of the manuscriptwith
which I am acquainted is thatof Wanley,who says: "Vespasianus
D 14, Cod. Membr. in Octavo partim Lat. partimSaxon. diversis
temporibus scriptus."' Wanley gives a list of the contents of
the MS, in whichthe version of the Gospel of Nicodemus is num-
bered XXXIII, and he says of it: "De ResurrectioneDiii.....
Tractatus hic, est Abbreviatio Pseudo-Evangelii Nicodemo ad-
scripti."2 Skeat is evidently following Wanley when he says:
"There is also an abbreviated copy of the same story [i. e., the
Gospel of Nicodemus] in MS Cott. Vespasian D. XIV. hom.
XXXIII.;"" and, as we shall see, Wanley and Skeat are, gener-
ally speaking, correct.
Wanley evidentlythought that differentparts of the MS were
writtenat differenttimes,but he does not assign a specificdate
to any part. J. Nehab,' who, it appears, had not seen the MS,
thinks that it belongs to the end of the twelfthcentury;5and
1Catalogue, p. 202. 2Ibid., p. 204.
3The Gospel according to St. Mark (London, 1871), Introduction, p. vii. Cf. also
FORSTER, p. 314.
4Der altenglische Cato (Berlin, 1879),p. 3. 5 NEHAB, p. 41.
581
4 WILLIAM H. HULME
B. Assmann' likewise places it in the twelfthcenturyon account

of linguistic reasons: "Aus der sprache ersehen wir, dass sie
[i. e., die handschrift] im 12. jahrhundert geschrieben ist."
Napier, who has examined the entire MS with care, says of it:
HomilyMS, written earlyin the twelfthcentury. The greaterpor-
tion is writtenby one hand, whichextends to f. 163b..... Then
followsix shorthomileticbitsin different hands: the firstfromf. 163b
to 165; thesecondf.165; thethirdfol.165bto 166; the fourthf.166 to
168; thefifth f. 168bto 169; thesixthand last f. 169b.2
F6rster follows Napier in assigning the manuscript to the
early part of the twelfthcentury,and he also attemptsto fixthe
locality of the text:
Der in Frage kommendeHauptteil der Handschrift. . . . ist im
Anfangdes 12. Jahrhunderts, vermutlichim mittleren SlidenEnglands,
aus sehr bunt gemischtenVorlagenvon einem Kopisten zusammen-
gestellt.3
In another connection he says that the region in or around
Dorset
wiirde gut passen zu dem mutmasslichenEnsttehungsorteunserer
Handschrift, den ich im mittleren Siiden-aufs Geratewohlhabe ich an
Winchester (?) gedacht-suchen maichte.4
I shall have occasion to revertto this point again. Napier's date
for the MS may,I think,be accepted as the probable one-at all
events,until more definiteevidence shall prove it to be incorrect.
Objection has been raised' to the presumption' on my part
that the Vespasian MS version (which for conveniencewe may
with Forster call C) contains only the second part of the Gospel
of Nicodemus. The version does representPart I of the Evan-
gelium Nicodemi, but in a very much abbreviatedform. That is
to say, C omits entirelythat part of the narrative which corre-
sponds to the firstten pages of MS A7 and to about the first
fourteenof MS B.8 The fact that C begins the narrative just
where there is a considerable lacuna in the other versionshas, I
think,some bearing on the question of the relation of C to the
1AngelsdchsischeHomilien und Heiligenleben (Kassel, 1889),pp. 246,247.
2Academy, Vol. XXXVII (February 22,1890),p. 134.
3 P. 314. 4p. 319. 5 FORSTER, p. 320. 6 Publications, p. 464.
7Cambr. Univ. MS Ii, ii, 11. 8MS Cott. Vitel. A 15.
582
THE OLD ENGLISH GOSPEL OF NIGODEMUS 5
versions A and B, and to a possible older original. The lacuna

occurs, to be sure, at the same place in the narrativeas given by
both A and B, but it has been shown' that the language and
stylisticdifferencesbetween these two versions are too extensive
for the one to be a simple copy of the other. That is, B, which is
evidentlylater than A, is apparentlynot a copy of A, but both are
probably copies of an older original. Moreover,since C does not
begin the storybefore the lacuna,' the presumptionin favorof
the older original is made stronger. And it thereforeseems to
me not at all improbable that C is also a copy of the same
original, fromwhich a few leaves (correspondingto the lacuna)
had been lost.
The copyist of C, as Forster3 has already shown, dealt very
freely with his original, omittingwords, clauses, and sentences
at will,makingfrequentadditions,ofteninvertingthe word-order,
and showing especial fondness for indirect discourse, where A
and B employ direct. It is, however,to be observed that there
are not a few passages and a multitude of separate sentences'
in C which, excepting the differentword-formsdue to the later
date of the MS, findexact correspondencein A. There are like-
wise a few instances in whichC agrees with B rather than with
A. The changes which the copyist of C evidentlymade were,as
compared with A and B, undoubtedly intended to make the
meaning clearer and the thoughtmore forcible. In other words,
there is perceptible throughout C a strong tendency toward
modernization;5and it is worthyof remark that the copyist of C
treats his original with greater freedom, especially through
compression and abbreviation, as he approaches the end of the
narrative.
As to the date of the MSS A and B, we are, I think,safe in
saying that they both belong to the eleventhcentury;"and I also
think that B is later than A. The Cambridge MS was, we know,
1See Publications, pp. 536ff.
2The lacuna corresponds to several " chapters" in Tischendorf's Latin version of the
Evang. Nicod. Cf. TISCHENDORF,Evangelia Apocrypha, 2d ed. (Leipzig, 1876), pp. 352-64;
also WfJLKER, Das Evangelium Nicodemi in der abendldndischen Litteratur (Paderborn,
1872),p. 15; Publications, p. 517; SKEAT, op. Cit.
3Cf. pp. 315-18. C5f. FORSTER, p. 314.
4For examples see footnotesto text. 6Cf. Publications, pp. 464,465.
583
6 WILLIAM H. HULME
included among the benefactionswhich Bishop Leofric made to

the cathedral of Exeter at some time between 1050 and 1072
A. D. In the formeryear Leofric transferred'the united "sees
of Devon and Cornwall" to Exeter, and moved the episcopal
seat fromCrediton to the same place. But it by no means fol-
lows that the bishop also made the benefactions to St. Peter's
in the same year--an assumption that F6rster makes without
sufficientwarrant.2 It appears to me more likely that the trans-
fer would be made within,say, two or three years of Leofric's
death; about whichtime,we may also conclude,the memorandum3
or list of the benefactionswas written. As Leofric lived twenty-
two years aftermovingto Exeter-that is, until the year 1072-
we have a considerable margin within which the MS might have
been produced. Earle, who prints4 the memorandum in its
original OE. form,adds a few explanatory notes, in which he
says, among other things:
A memorandum of thissortmightbe madeeitherbeforeor afterthe
deathof the benefactor:it would probablybe not at anywideinterval
on eitherside of that event,which happened in 1072. Among the
Exeterdeeds is one by WilliamA. D. 1069 grantingto Leofricmostof
thelands namedin thismemorandum as Leofric'sownbenefaction.5
Wanley gives the date of the MS as "circa tempus conqui-
sitionisAngliae."' But Skeat thinksWanley's date is a little too
late, and he assigns to it "the locality Exeter, and the date about
A. D. 1050."7
The fixingof a definitedate for MS B is a still more difficult
problem. In the mattersof carelessness,corruptword-forms, and
hand the MS bears a ratherstrikingsimilarity8to those of the OE.
version of St. Augustine's Soliloquies immediatelypreceding it
in the codex. It is, however,impossible to determinefromthese
meager data whethereitherMS belongs to the end of the eleventh
1Cf. EARLE AND PLUMMER, Two Saxon Chronicles Parallel (Oxford, 1892-99),Vol. II,
p. 226.
2Cf. p. 312.
3For the original documents connected with the transfer see KEMBLE, Codex Diplo-
maticus Aeui Saxonici, Vol. IV, pp. 118ff.; HADDANANDSTUBBS, Councils and Ecclesiastical
Documents Relating to Great Britain and Ireland, Vol. I, pp. 691-95.
4Land Chartersand Saxonic Documents (Oxford, 1888),pp. 249-51.
5Cf. ibid., p. 252. 6 Catalogue, p. 152. 7Op. cit., p. vii.
8Cf. Publications, p. 467,and FORSTER,pp. 312,313.
584
or the beginning of the twelfthcentury,and it is in reality a

matterof precious little importance.
If we are correct in the supposition that all three MSS are
copies of one and the same older version, the question arises
as to the probable date of the original MS. Wiilker' and ten
Brink2 think that the OE. prose translation of the Gospel of
Nicodemus was made in the firsthalf of the eleventh century.
F6rster3thinksit might have been writtenany time between 950
and 1050, and, inasmuch as that was the period in which most of
the knownOE. prose pieces on religious subjects and manytrans-
lations fromthe Bible were produced,we are quite safe in assign-
ing the original MS to the same period. At any rate, I have
not succeeded in collecting any data that would justify me in
fixingthe date more exactly.
Version C has many points of interest for studentsconcerned
with the historyof the English language, and especially for lexi-
cographers. It contains many words and turns of speech which
clearly foreshadow the rapidly approaching Middle English
period. There are, indeed, several words that do not appear in
any of the "Anglo-Saxon" dictionaries. I have sufficientspace
only to call attentionto the most unusual of these words.
1. Barimathia (p. 13) is a peculiar form of the proper name
Arimathiawhichoccurs several timesin C (Arimathia not at all),
and for which I have been able to find no source. Arimathia is
the formused by both the other versions. It is probably only a
corruption.'
2. dernelegere(p. 13) forforligere of A and B= "adultery" is
given in Bosworth-Toller,but is an unusual word.
3. Syndonissce (p. 24) is not in the dictionaries,nor have I
been able to find the word anywhere. It occurs in the following
1Das Evangelium Nicodemi, p. 13; cf. Grundriss,p. 498.

2Early English Literature, Vol. I, p. 111.
3FORSTER is in errorwhen he says (p. 320), "Hulme reproduziert ten Brink's
Datirung
in der erstenHalfte des 11. Jahrhunderts,'" inasmuch as I have never before expressed an
opinion on this point. Cf. Publications, pp. 464f. and 541.
4From Joseph ab Ar(i)mathia or Abar(i)nmathia (so in JOHANNISGLASTONIENSIS. Cf.
NITZE, MODERN PHILOLOGY, Vol. I, p. 251). In the Old French metrical romance of
Perlesvaus Joseph of Arimathea appears, according to Nitze, as Joseph d'Abarimacie, while
Robert's Josephhas the formJosephde Cf. NITZE, op. cit., p. 250.
Bdrimathie.
585
8 WILLIAM H. HULME
connection: "1SoO hit is poet ic hine abaed and on clenen syn-

donissce hroaigle befeold," etc., where A has "on clhenrescytan
befeold," while B omits the referenceentirely.
4. ferrcedden(p. 14) forforrceddan (subst. ?) = "traitor,plot-
ter," where A has "gepeaht worhtonmyd pam massepreostum."
The word is not given in the dictionaries as a noun, and may
thereforebe considered new.
5. belefen (p. 16) --"believe" ("Hwy nolden ge belefen on
hine") is, I think, the only instance thus far recorded of the
occurrence of this word in OE. literature. The New English
Dictionary gives no example of it beforeca. 1200.
6. hogelease (p. 16) fororsorge of A and B, and corresponding
t'o OE. hygeleas="careless, thoughtless,foolish," is an early
instance of a rathergeneral tendencyin late OE. and early ME.
to discard umlaut formsand returnto the stems of the primitive
words. This formis not recorded in the dictionaries. F6rster'
quotes several similar stem-formsfromthe Owl and Nightingale,
such as ho3e (1. 701), ho ful (1. 537), hohful (1. 1289).
7. lardeign (p. 20) for lareow of A is the earliest instance of
this formyet recorded. Stratmann-Bradleygives one instanceof
l5r-]ein.
8. bisne (p. 24) for blynde (A) is a rare word in Old English.
It does not occur in B.-T., Grein, Sweet, or Clark Hall, but Cook2
has noted its appearance three times in the LindisfarneGospel of
St. fMatthew. The referencesare Matt. 9:27, "gefylgdon hine
(him) tuoege bisene (blinde) clioppende;" 9:28, "geneolecdon to
him bisena (blinde);" 11:5, "biseno geseao halto geonges." Both
Wright and Murraygive a varietyof formsof this word as occur-
ring (mainly in the northern part of England) during the ME.
period,the earliestof whichis Genesis and Exodus, 472 (Wright),
2822 (Murray). Wright quotes: "Lamech . . . . wuro bisne,
and haued a man Oat ledde him ofte." The word also occurs in
Owl and Nightingale, 1. 243: "A dai thu art blind other bisne."
The word survived far down into the modern English period as
bisson,bizzen,bezzen-blind(_ "purblind"), beeson,etc. It occurs
at least twice in Shakespeare: once in Hamlet, II, 2, 529, "Run
1Cf. p. 319. 2A Glossary of the Old NorthumbrianGospels (Halle, 1894).
586
barefootup and down,threateningthe flameswith bisson rheum;"

and again in Coriolanus, II, 1, 70: "What harm can your bis-
son conspectuitiesglean out of this character,if I be known well
enough too?" Afterthis time the word in the simple significance
of "blind" (or "blinding") seems rapidlyto have become obsolete.
The fact that the word was as well (or better) known in the OE.
and ME. dialects of northernEngland as in the midland or south
ratherweakens the forceof Forster's presumptionin favorof the
southernorigin of the piece.
9. Stinchende and riche (p. 27) are early examples of ch
for c.
10. Chearte (p. 30) representsa peculiar development of the
OE. crcet "cart"). The word generallyunderwentmetathesis
(-
ccrt I have foundno other of this
(crrt ) ) cart).' example
formof it.
I have on two separate occasions since their appearance col-
lated the printed texts A and B with the originals,and these
collations have enabled me to make several corrections,especially
in version B, the MS of which is in a few places very difficultto
make out. The correctionsmade in A are, excepting one or two
typographicalerrors,of minorimportance. But for the sake of
completeness and of convenienceforfuturereferenceI give here-
afterthe entire list of errata, including the "Corrections" from
Publications, p. 542.
It would have been betterto retainthe pagination of the codex
in version A, which would then read "P. 344," "P. 345," instead
of "1P. 1," "P. 2." 2
471, 16," read leui (for levi); 19, p. 2 begins in middle of the
word cwcedon; 32, line in MS begins with ac. 472, 26, insert
asterisk afteracsode. 473, 1, read hinum (for pinum); 2, cc in
cenne partiallyerased; 14, read geeadmetlan, del. brackets,a in
eall no longer legible; 16, del. leaders; 18, del. and and read cyn-
nige; 20, read hebreiscan,del. brackets; 21, read heora rceaf; 29,
cwcctis the regular MS formin cases where the word is written
1See New English Dict. under "Cart."
2The MS numbers refer to pages and not to folia, as FORSTERwould have it (p. 313,
footnote).
3Numbers referto page and line of Publications, Vol. XIII.
587
10 WILLIAM H. HULME
out; I noticed only one instance of cwead;' 30, read andswarode.

474, 24, read swyde; 34, read wyder-. 475, 2, read iudeon .
ceac (?); 24, fol. 59a begins after Gyf. 476, 9, read amnes;
23, readbam; 30, cwdin cwcedital. 477, 14, read iacobes; 18, c
has been erased before 25, read anna.s 478, 18, waiin
waet; cwaed
ital. 479, 34, e in meg like o. 481, 9, e in wyde erased in MS;
21, m in sweltam not ital.; 32 del. t in rihtwys. 483, 20, s and e
in scrafe erased in MS. 484, 24, read wif (for wyf); 25, m in
,am ital. 485, 15, read Ondrede; 24, read dingan. 487, 8, read
syllad; 20, read beod; 25, firsts in mossepreost above line; 26,
read preceptor. 489, 24, read 29, fol. 67b begins withfolc;
cweet;
32, read 491, 20, read we; 26, MS hadan (for handan).
cweet.
492, 18, cea in cwced not ital. 493, 6, read ealle; 7, read lycha-
mam; 21, read de (for de); 26, read fewertegedam; 31, cat in
ital. 494, 11, h in ha 1. c.; 21, ier in hierusalem not ital.
cwaet
495, 2, one or more letterserased betweenbo and ne in firsthone;
20, separate 496, 14, m in adam not ital.; 30, m in
cnaeaw-um.
fbeodumital. 497, 2, read gewordene; 16, read mennissce; 24, read
disstrum; 25, an erasure between e and o in geseon; 33, fol. 73a
begins with wearO. 498, 8, m in bam ital.; 32, p. 27 begins with
wyrcende. 499, 24, read ealle (for eallg); 34, an erasure of two
or three letters between o and g in toatogon. 500, 8, read men-
niscnysse; 24, ca in ital.; 25, m in bam ital. 501, 15,
cwaed
read ofonne. 502, 21, read And; 34, read unryhtwysnysse. 503,
15, s in englisc above line; 21, read cinning. 504, 33, firstm in
gewemmingeital. 505, 19, t erased betweenn and c in stincen-
diste; 22, read gelicnisse; b has been torn from margin of the
MS; 34, fol. 78a begins with haefst. 507, 25, read la (for La).
508, 24, MS hude (for cude). 509, 6, fol. 79b begins with mine;
12, read genam; 22, hele erased between hys and wundra; 30,
read inn (for inne). 510, 2, id4in cwcae not ital.; 3, m in eom
ital.; 16, read hynum (for finum). 511, 20, read gesceafta (for
gesceapa). 514, read hit (for hyt); 16, read wes (for wgs.)
In the footnotesto the text C I have undertaken to give
the variant readings from A (and B when it differsfromA and
1FORSTER is confusingwhen he says (p. 317,footnote): "Hier wie sonst 10st Hulme
aus mir unauffindbaremGrunde die Abkfirzungcw. mit cwoetauf." The footnote reference
(16) is to version A, in which cwcetdoes not occur a single time in the reprint.
588
agrees with C). The variants do not include differentformsof

the same words. It would have been simpler and preferableto
give the variantsfromC in the edition of A and B.'
II. A HOMILY FROM THE MARGIN OF CORPUS CHRISTI
COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE, MS 41 (FORMERLY 2), PP. 295-301.
The marginsof the famous Bede manuscriptof Corpus Christi
College contain a large numberof pieces both in old English and
in Latin, which the various editors of the Bede have, quite
naturally,said little about. Miller2 devotes considerable space to
a description of the MS, but he does not say a word about the
marginal writings, which would of themselves make a goodly
volume in print. Schipper,who has printedthe Bede part of the
MS in its entirety,3 with an extensive introductionand copious
textual notes, gives a little informationabout the marginal texts.
In his description of the MS he speaks4 of the various other
interesting pieces that it contains. In another connection he
says:
Ueberdie lateinischen und angelsachsischen Gebete,Zauberformeln,
Homilien,die das Manuscriptan verschiedenen StellenaufdemRande
enthiilt(auf S. 196-198den Anfangvon Salomonund Saturnvonv. 1 bis
v. 30a) und die in verschiedenen jiingerenHAndengeschriebensind,
vgl.die Angabenin Wanley'sKatalog.5
In his excellent description of the codex, Wanley6 makes
eighteen different divisions of the contents. All but threeor four
of these divisions concern the various marginal pieces, which con-
sist of prayers,exorcisms,and homilies. They are all writtenin
a later hand (or ratherlater hands) than that of the Bede text.
In several instances Wanley gives the texts of the prayers and
exorcismsin full,but he usually supplies simplythe beginning and
end of each of the fouror fivehomilies in the list. The homilies
which Wanley names by title7are (1) Homilia de B. V. Maria,s
IFor a complete list of language differences between A and B see Publications,
pp. 536-40.
2 The Old English Version of Bede's Ecclesiastical History of theEnglish
People, Part I
(London, 1890[E. E. T. S. 95,96] ), Introduction, pp. xvi, xvii.
3K6nig Alfred's Ubersetsungvon Bedas Kirchengeschichte(" Bibliothek der AS. Prosa,
Bd. IV; Leipzig, 1897-99),2teHalfte, 2teAbtl., Einl., pp. xxv ff.
SIbid. 5 Ibid.. D. xxviii. 6 Catalogue, pp. 114,115.
7Under No. XI he says: " Sequuntur etiam sermones Saxonici, marginibus Cod. ordine
scripti."
8sNo.XIII, p. 299.
589
12 WILLIAM H. HULME
(2) Homilia, Repleatur os meum laude ut possum cantare,'

deAscensione
(3) Homilia D. N.JesuChristi,2
(4) Sermo
de
S. Michale."
No. 15, Homilia de Ascensione D. N. Jesu Christi,is the one
in which I am especially interested,because the firstpart of it
is devoted largely to a discussion in homiletic fashion of the
Descensus Christi ad inferos; while the latter portiondeals with
the ascension in the same way.
In looking throughthe Bede MS in the summer of 1901, I
accidentally stumbled upon this homily,which,excepting Wan-
ley's description,is, so far as I know,not mentionedelsewhere.
It has certainlynever been printed. The collections of Thorpe,
Morris,and Skeat contain not a single referenceto any one of the
homilies of this MS. But ProfessorNapier' is now engaged in
the preparation of a new collection of OE. homilies,which will,
I think,include them all. I copied the piece myselfand made a
careful collation and comparison of my copy with the original.
There is no need of a descriptionof the MS 41 here, or of a
discussion of its probable date, etc. These may be found in the
Introductions of Miller and Schipper. Wanley assigns no date
to this piece, and Miller's date for the Bede, "about the time of
the Conquest," is sufficientlyexact for my present purpose.
Wanley says' of the homily: "Homilia de Ascensione D. N. Jesu
Christi. Hec est dies quam fecitdiis,exultemuset letemurin ea."
I am able to assign no definite date to the homily,nor have I
succeeded in findingout anything about its source' and author-
ship. Mr. Alfred Rogers, assistant librarian of the Cambridge
University Library, and an authorityon paleography,thinks "it
is no doubt later than the Bede." "I should think," he writes
me, "it is XIth century." Judging fromthe hand, language, and
style,I should say the piece belongs about the end of the eleventh
century. The frequent use of the phrase her (or hit) sagad in
1No. XIV, p. 307. 2No. XV. 3 No. XVIII.
4 My purpose in printingthis homily is not to forestall Professor Napier, but to make
the text immediately accessible foruse in my study of the EvangehzumNicodemi.
5Catalogue, p. 115.
6These points will doubtless receive adequate treatment from Professor Napier, who
has better opportunities for thorough investigation than the present writer.
590
the earlier part of the text would seem to indicate that the author,
whoever he was, had the manuscript of some other piece, and
probably of the Gospel of Nicodemus, beforehim. I have in the
case of both textstriedto followthe MSS closely,neverchanging a
word or letterof the original,wherethereis a possibilityof making
sense of the MS reading. The punctuation and use of capitals
are, however,my own.
The homily begins on the margin of p. 295 (older pagination
315) and extends throughp. 301.
III. DE RESURRECTIONE DOMINI?
doeiges
[Fol. 87b] DeS2 pe ure Haelend forure alesednyssegeSolede
pine on Poerhalgen3rode,Pa waes4Paere5neh sum were standende,se6
woesIoseph genaemned; and7he waesgod werand rihtwis,and naesnaefre
his willes,PIermesPone Haelendforwreigde' on nanengemange. He woes
of ceastrePe is genaemnedBarimathia.10He" onbad12on Ieru~a-
pere
lem"rfor514 p'et se Haelend15woesahangen. And to pan16aefenehe"
eode to Pilate's and abaedaethimCristeslichameand hineofPoererode
genamand on claenescetebewand19 and hineon his neowePruhaleigde,
on paere-pe nanobermann20 on ne lkeg.
Da Pa ludees PoetIoseph hefde lichame
P]etgeherdan, aes Haelendes
abeden, Pa sohten heo hine [Fo. s88a] and Pa twelf cnihtes Pe saegden
Poethe naereon dernelegere21 acaennod,and Nichodemusand manega
Pe oermid Pam22Haelendespaecenand his gode weorcgesegen23
o0re
and on hinegelefden.24 Ealle poer25
heo heom sylfenbedigeledanand
1These words, in red ink, appear at beginning of the piece in the MS.
2MS C (i. e., Vespas. D. 14) omits that part of the storycorresponding to the firstten
pages of MS A, or to the first seven folia (fourteen pages) of MS B. Neither A nor B has
anythingsimilar to the firstpart of this sentence, "Doesdceigesbe . . . . rode."
3Emendations are inclosed in brackets, and resolutions of MS abbreviations are in
italics. Da1t and and always appear in MS as D and 7.
4A, wces hym(480,23). 5B omitspber (481,31). 6 B has Pe (480,31).
7A and B omit and. 8A, man. 9A has wregde (480,26) ; B has wrengde(481,33).
10So throughoutMS C. 11A has and he (480,28).
12A, geanbidiende waesgodes ryces; B, was geandbidigende (483,1).
13A omits on ler. 14A, od (480,28). 15A, de cryst(480,28).
16bpanabove line in MS; A omits tofan cefene. 17B omits he.
18A, and he aet Pilate Pa Crysteslychaman abced (480,29) ; B has abeden (483,3), and
omits and hine of .... lichame abeden.
19A, befeold (480,30). 20A, cer on (480,32).
21derne legere,underlined in MS, but the underlining in this case and the numerous
others in the MS seem to have no especial significance. A has offorligere(480,34).
22So MS; FORSTER (p. 317) 23A, geswutelodon(482,1).
haspban.
24 A omits and on hine gelefden. 25A,Ealle
higpeh hig sylfe(482,1) : e in~pr not italic.
591
14 WILLIAM H. HULME
behyddan' buten Nichodemus, ane,2for-pan-pehe w~es an ealdor of3pan

ludeisce folca. Ja com he to heom, per par heo heora samnunge hoef-
don and cwed to heom: "Hwy comen ge hider on Pyssergesamnunge,
Paetic hit aerre nyste?" Da andsweredan pa Iudees and cwcadan: "Ac
hwu waere Pu swa dyrstig,P~aet u dorstes innen ure gesamnunga gan,
pu pe waerewerigend4and5 midspecend 1panHaelende? Ac seo he aefre
mid Pe here and ec on P1eretoweardan wurlde." Nichodemus6 cwwed:
"Amen! Amen!"
Eallswa gelice Ioseph hine amteowdeand heom to com and
rafter7
Puss cwced; "For hwy synden ge swa unrote ongean me? Is hit for-pan-
Pe ic abaed Paes Haelendes lichame aet Pilaten? SoO hit is Paetic hine
aboad and on claenen syndonissce8hraeigle befeold and hine on minen
Pruge9 geleigde and aetforen1" Pan scraefemycelnestan ahwylfde. And
"ping wel ne dyden ongean pone
ic secge to soben Paet [Fol. 88b] ge nann
rihtwisen,Poetge hine on' rode anhengan and mid spere sticoden."
Da Pa Iudees Poetgeherdan,P~agefengan heo hine and heten hine on
cwarternefaestebeclysen and cwaeoen to him: "Oncnaw nu and ongit
Paet hit Pe sceal lytel fremigen,paotPu toPohtest. We wytenPoetPu ne
eart naefrewyrie IpaetPu bebyried beo; ac we sculen syllen Pin flaesc
heofonefugelan and wilde13deoran." Da Iudees hine Pa on cwarterne14
gebrohten and Pa dure faestebelucan; and Annas and Caiphas PIalocan
faeste15geinsegelodan and P~ertoherdes gesettenand ge8oht worhtenwi5
Pan ferredden16on1 hwylcendeaoe heo hines1syllen mihtenand ofslean.
Ac heo nolden for Pan'restendaeige."1 And heo Pa beoohten hwu heo
wyrestmihtenhine aeteon.20
Da gesamnoden21heo on Pan Priddendaeige, Annas and Caiphas and
ealla heora lyore geferen,22 and comen23 to pan cwarterne24 and jPalocan
1A has Pcer der hig woldon (482,2), for and behyddan.

2A, sylfa (482,2). B, an ealder wces. 3A, on (482,3).
4A,gePwamrigende (482,8); B omits. 5B omits and.
6A,ha andswarode he and cwem (482,10). 7A, cEfterPam (482,11).
8 A, on scytan (482,14). 9A, byrgene(482,15).
clemnre
toA, and Pcer to (482,15). 11A, ge wel nd ne dydon (482,16).
12A omits on rode. 13A, eordan wyld (482,23) ; A,fcesteon cweart.
14A, onPbam(482,24); B omits Pam. 15A omitsfceste.
16A, myd and mydPam diaconum (482,27).
bam moessepreostum
17A omits on. 18A, hig Ioseph ofslean woldon (482,27,28).
19A, Ac hytwces Pa on dcegrestedceg,and hig geanbydian woldon o0 oferPcene dcegand
hig syddangesomnigeanand Pa hwyleymbe Pet Oencan hu (482,28-30).
20A, hyneteonlycostateon myhton(482,30).
21A, Ac hyt gewearOpa Pbot Oa ealdras and Pa mcessepreostasofer Pone
restedceghig
gesomnodon (482, 31, 32) ; B, omits and Pa mcessepreostas (485, 1).
22A omits and ealla heora lydre geferen,and.
23A, waeron fordgangende (482, 33).
24A, toPcere clusan, Pc}erPmr hig Ioseph beclysedhcefdon(482,33,34).
592
unsegeloden and mid' Pan caigen pa locan unlucan. Ac heo paerinne

loseph2 ne3 funden. Da4 wundre [Fol. 89a] den heo ealle5 and wurSen6
afyrhte. Onmang7 pan PaS stod paere sum of Pan coampen pe scolden
habben9 gehealden poesHaelendes byrigene,and heo saeden'0 hwylceor6-
styrungheom com to. And Godes aengel heo paer11gesegen swylce lege-
rmsc12and his hreaf13swylce snau; and "we14 wurden ealle afyrhteand
Paer laegen swylce we deade waeren,and we geherdan pone eangel cwe-
oen15 to Pan wifen aet16 Godes sune waere of deaoe arisen." And se
angel cwced,"Ne ondraedege eow," for-panic wat paotge Pone Haelend
seceo.18 Ac he nis na her, ac19 he is arisen swa swa20 he aerbeforen21
saegde. Ac cumeo and22 sceawigeo23hwar24he aleigd woas,and fareo
hraoe and secgeo his leorningcnihtenp1at heora Hlaford is of deaoe
arisen,25and Paotheo cumen26to him on Galileam, Paer heo hine mugen
geseon swa 27swa he heom Earsaegde."28Ia Iudees, Pa heo paotgeherden,
heo leten raoe ealle pa coampen heom to gefeccen29pe aes Haelendes
byrigenescolden30healden and heom to cwaeden: " Hwar 31is se Halend
Pe eow beteht was? Oooe hware synd"32 a [Fol. 89b] wif Pe se aengel
wiospaec? Witodlice33se Haelend is arisen of deaoe; ac34 for hwan ne
" Pe Pider comen?" Da
heolde ge Pa wif3 coempenheom andsweredenand
cwaeden: "We nysten hweat Pa wif waeren,ne we hit wyten ne mihten,
1A, and fa ccegan, and fa.duru geopenigende(484,1).

2A, AcPcer ncesna loseph innefunden (484,1, 2).
3An erasure of two letters between ne and funden.
4Before this sentence A has gehyrdon(484,2).
DaPbeetfolcjbcet
5 A omits ealle. 6A, wceron(484,3). 7A, Ac amang (484,3).
8A, Pe hig ymbePbcet sprceconand ymbePbetwundredon (484,3, 4); B, pam hy ymbefiet
specon (485,6).
9A omits habben, and has order,Pe
des hwlendesbyrgenehealdan sceoldon (484,5).
toA, and cwaedsona, "Pcet ic wat Pa we Pees hcelendesbyrgeneheoldon,Pa weard mycel
eordstyrung ;" C changes fromdirect to indirect discourse (484,5, 6).
11A omits aeer.
12C omits two lines of A, hu he one stan
.... .et his ansyn weas (484,7-9).
13A, reaf wceron(484,9).
14A, swa cet we wceronafyrhte,
Pbetwe (484,10). 15 A, cwedende(484,11).
16A,
.e to des Helendes byrgendecomon (484,12); A omits Paet .... arisen, and has
he cwed, "Ne ondraede," etc.
17A, eow n& (484,13). 18 C omits PonnePe (B, he) onhangen
wces (484,14).
19A omits ac. 20A,eal swa (484,15). 21A, forescede.
22and added above line by later hand. 23A, geseod. 24A, Pa stowePe he on (484,16).
25A, arysen of deade (484,17). 26A, and ys
higforesteeppendeon Galilean (484,18).
27A, eall (484,19). 28A,forescede (484,19).
29A, wceronheomnto geclypigendeealle Pa cempan (484,20).
30A omits scolden. 31A does not have Hwar .... betcehtwces.
32A, Hwcet wceronba wyf(484,22). 33A does not have Witodlice . .... of deade.
34A, and for hwylconbyngon(484,22).
35A, hig, and does not
havebe. .... comen (484,23).
593
16 WILLIAM H. HULME
for-Pan-Pewe woerononfyrhte,1' P1t we peerlagen swylcewe deade wreron

for oes aengles ansyne,2and for-panwe Pa wif gefon ne mihten." Da
cwaeden Pa ludees: "Beo ure Scyppende,3 we ne4 gelefe5 eow na."
Da weardmaenn5andsweredan: "Hwy nolden ge belefen6 on hine?7
Witodlices he wwasGodes sune." Da cwaeden Pa Iudeas: "Bute ge us
1Pes Haelendes lichame gesyllen, ge sculen on yfele deaoe prowigen."
Da9 weardmaen andswereden: "'Eteowi'1o us Ioseph Pe ge on cwar-
terne1 beclysden, and we eow gesylle1'2 Pone Helend." " Josep 13we
mugen begyten; he14 is on his ceastre on Barimathia." Da coampen
andswarodan15: "Gyf Ioseph is on16Barimathia,ponne is17se Halend on
Galilea, swa swals se aengel pan wifensweigde."
Da" wurdenheo ealle afyrhte20 and cweden 21: " Gyf piss cu 22byo
pet
se Haelend of deaoe arisen beo,23ponne eall to feale wylle5 [Fol. 90a]
lon
hine14 gelefen." And heo gegaderedan mycelne sceatt25and geafon26
heom, and baeden heo scolden28secgen his cnihtes comen30
pat27 Pat29
and Pone lichame heom31forstaelen,pa-pa heo slaepende waeron. "And
gyf hit cuO byO Pilaten,32we byO for eow and eow hogelease33
gedo0."
1A does not have onfyrhtePcetwePcer lagen; B, wcerongewordene(485,27).
2A, ege and forPcre gesyhdePe wePmcrgesawon (484,26).
3A, swa us Dryhtenlybbe (484,28). 4A, ne gelyfewe (484,28).
5A, Pa andswaredon Pa cempan (484,29); C omits two lines of A, and cwedon ....
and gehyrdon(484,29,30).
6 A, gelyfan (484,31). 7A,Pone e ge gelyfansceoldon (484,31).
8A does not have Witodlice. . ... deadeProwigen.
9Pa .... andsweredan above line in MS; C omits several lines of A preceding this
clause, and swaPeh wel .... Pa ne fundon ge hynend (484,32-486, 4).
10A, Ac on eornostsyllon ge us (486,4, 5).
11A, clusan (486,5). 12A, syllad eow (486,6).
13C Pre
omits one line and a half preceding this word, Pe we on Pcre .... and cwcedon
(488,6, 7).
14A,for Pam ce loseph (486,8); on before Barimathia not in A.
15A, heom andswaredon and cwcedon (486,9) ; B omits heom andswaredon and.
16On above line in MS; A has onPcere ceastre (486,10).
17A,Ponne secge wePcet se .... ys (486,10).
18A, eall swa we gehyrdonPcetse engel hyt(486,11) ; B omits
Pa]t se . . . . scede.
19B, C omit the precedingPa Iudeas .... Pys gehyrdon(486,12).
20A, aforhtodonhig and (486,13). 21A, heombetwynanafter cwcedon(486,13).
22A, GifPeos spcec to wyde spryngd(486,14,15).
23A does not haveP ct se .... beoPonne. 24A, Pone Helend (486,14).
25A, c ic watPt da IudeasPa mycelfeoh gegaderodon (486,15).
26A, sealdonPam cempon and Pus cwcedon (486,15,16).
27C has again indirect where A has direct discourse, We byddad eow, leofe geferan,
Pact (486,16).
28Not in A. 29A, swa mt(486,17).
30A, comonon nyhtand eow sIcependum(486,17, 18). 31Not in A.
32A,Pam deman Pilate cud byd (486,18,19). 33A, orsorge(484,19); cf.FORSTER, p, 319.
594
And heo onfengen' Pan feo and saeden paet heom waerese lichame for-
stolen. Ac heora leasunge2 ealle3 wurien geupped. Da4 comen Paere
Preo mvereweres of Galilea to lerusalem. Se eldeste waes maessepreost
and weas5 gehaten Finees, se" o0er Aggeus, se Pridde7 Preceptor. Heo
saeden WMet8 heo Pone Halend Pe onhangen' waes gesegen on Galilea,'o
and mid'" his cnihten aet,and wi5 heom spaec, and Thomas his wunden
sceawede.12 And se Haelend'3 het heo faren geond eallne middeneart
bodigende14 fullehton namen Paes faederand sunen and1'5halgen gastes.
And ealle Pa-re underfo"'6fulht,heo habbaO ece lif on domes daeige on
heofonerice. And Pa"P1a swa ne doO,heo sculen habben hellewite. And
he Pa on Pan feowertihbedaige his aeristes's he asteah to heofonericeof
Oliuetes19dune, and saede [Fol. 90b
] Pet he wolde hider cumen on domes
daeige and Pa rihtwise into heofenericemid him geleden and Pa synn-
fulle in to helle asaenden. "And we ne dorsteneow Piss forhelen."
Diss heo atealden eall on heora sinobe. Da wurSen heo ealle swyie
sarige and afyrhte. Da Iudees heo Pa haelsodan Purh heora ae hwe~er
hit waere. And heo ealle sworen Paethit eall waere. 1a abaeden
so5 so5
ealle Pa Iudees Paetheo scolden feo nymenand ham gewaenden,and na
mare hit cy~en on Pan lande. And heo saeden PJetheo swa wolden.
And heo fengen to Pan feo,and heo leten heo laeden of Pan lande Preo
obre weres,Paetheo nane hwile on Ierusalem wunigen ne mosten.
Annas and Caiphas20 cwaSen to eallen Pan sinoe21: "Nis hit na22soo
IA, Da cempan Pa wceron
boet feoh onfonde and swa secgende, swa hig fram
t am
ludeum gelcerede wceron (486,20,21).
2A, sprcec (486,21). 3Comes after Ac in A.
4C omits and gewydmcersod.... nywan
HierusalemP ry (486,23). 1oet (486, 22); A, doer cOmonof Galilean to
5A, his nama wces (486,24). 6A, and his geferan hatton (486,25).
7A, and oder (= se Pridde).
8C omits toPam ealdrum synoce comon (486,26,27).
....
9A, Pone onhangena Hoelend (486,28).
lONot in A.
11A, wyd hys endlufon leorningcnyhtasspcec and tomyddesheom sceton Oliuetis munte,
and wces heom to cwedende (486,28-30).
12and Thomas .... sceawede not in A. 13A has simply Beocdfaren(486,30).
14A, and
bodiad eallum beodum ioet hig beon gefullode (486,31).
15A, and APceshalgan (486,32) ; A omits Pces beforefceder.
16A, Swa hwylc swa gelyfdand gefullod byc,se
bydaefre on ecnysse hal geworden (486,
32,34).
17,paPa swa . . hellewitenot in A.
18A,and Pa he Pys to his leorningcnyhtumgespecen hcefde,we gesawon hu he wces on
heofenas astigende (486,34,35).
19For several lines the thought differsmuch, and the language almost entirely,fromA
(488,1-12),so that we cannot at all doubt that the author of version C frequentlyproceeded
independently of the other versions and the original Latin.
20A,Pa cwcedon(488,12). 21to . . . . sinodenotin A. 22A, ncefre(488,13).
595
18 WILLIAM H. HULME
PIat Pa coempen1seaigden Paetse Haelend of dea5 arise. Ac waeron2his

Pegnes cumen and heom feo geafen and Pone Haelend3 forstaelen."
Nichodemus Pa upstod and' cwae: "Wyte riht specan beo
Pet ge
Israele bearnen. Wel ge geherdan hwaet Pa PIreoweres saeden Pe of
Galilea comen beo Pan Helende."5 Ia Iudees6 smeaden hware Elias7
se witega waere. Eliseus8 heom saede9 Paet he on [Fol.91a] heofonelo
waere. Da cwaedenheo11sume Pa get 2: " Wen is PIot he seo on13 Israele
monte gesett mid his gaste. Ac uten us weres geceosan and Pa montes
gefaren,'4wealte15 Peh we hine mugen gefinden."'6 Heo17 baeden Pa
Heliseum and a'18weres Pe Peerbetst19waron, Paetheo scolden farenand
Helias secen. And heo ferdon20on Pa muntes Preore dagene faec,ac
heo hine finden21 ne mihten; ac22 heo23 gemetten losep on Barimathia
on24 his agenre ceastre. Da25 heo ham comen pa saeden heo hwu heo
gefaren haefden,and hwu heo hine finden ne mihten, and hwu heo
Ioseph fundenon his agene ceastre.
a26waeronPa ealdres and Pa maessepreostesand eall Paetfolecswybe
bli~e; and27 heo s maceden mycele somnunge and gemot29hwu30 heo
Ioseph to heom gelaoigen mihten, and saenden an gewrit to him Puss
gewriten: "Sibb seo mid pe Iosep and mid eallen Pan31Pe mid Pe byo
I A,)cet we gelyfansceolon Pam cemponPe
&ees Hcelendes byrgenehealdan sceoldon (488,
13,14).
2A, ac ys bet wenPcet hyscnyhtascomon (488,14,15).
3A,Pces Heelendes lichaman aweg namon (488,15,16). 4A, pus cw. (488,16).
5C has here condensed into three words as many lines of A, Pa hig sedon .... on
heofenasastigende (488,18-21).
6A, Pa smeadon (488,21). 7A, se wytega wcereHelias (488,22).
8C omits and p-uscwcedon .... feederElias before Eliseus (488,22,23).
9A,andswarode and cwed (488,23). 1oA, He ys up ahafen (488,23,24).
11A does not have heo.
12These words, -]a get, correspond to a line in A, _]e ar amang .... bearn ac
(488,24,25).
13A, gaste up ahafen and on uppan (488,25,26). 14A, eond faran (488,27).
15A, weald (488,27). 18A, gemetan magon (488,28). 17A,iet folc (488,28).
18A, Pa ylcan (488,28). 19A, ar swa spcecon .... sceoldon (488, 29).
20A, sona eond -Pa muntasforon (488,30). 21A, nahwcerfyndan (488,31).
22C omits about nine lines of A, Pa cwcedNichodemus .... nahwar ne gemetton(488,
31-490, 5).
23A,we (490,5). 24on above line in later hand; not in A.
25From here to end of paragraph does not correspond to anythingin A (490,5, 6).
26A, ]a 6a ealdras and _]a mcessepreostasand eall ]bcetfolc ]ys gehyrde,_]a gefemgnodon
hig (490,6, 7).
27Before this clause C omits about two lines of A, and wuldor scedon .. . . wesfunden
(490,7-9).
28A, cetfolc worhtePa (490,9). 29and gemotnot in A.
30hwu . . .. gewritencorresponds to four or fivelines of A, and heom betweonan
....
-Pusawryten (490,10-15).
31Not in A.
596
wunigende.' We wyten paetwe gesyneged habbeo, aegoer gea ongean2

pe, ge ongean God. Ac we bidde8 Pe Poet" pu cume to us4 for Pinre
miltse.' [Fol. 91b] We wyten poet we awergendlic geoanc ongean Pe
Pohten,Pa-Pa' we Pe beclysden and belucan on cwarterne."7
Da aerendracencomene and him Paet gewrit on hand sealden, and he
hit' redde and cwcEd: "Seo gebletsod se'o-Pe nolde Paetmin blod
weere
gespillod; is, se Drihten Crist," Pe me under his fileren gescillde."
Peetastod and pa weres
lba Ioseph up cyste and heo'2 wurdlice underfeng.
Da on morgen'3 ferde14 Ioseph to Ierusalem mid geleafe'5 and mid Pan
arendracan ealle on'6 heora assen ridende.'7
Da Paetfolc of PWere ceastre paet
geherde's raPtIoseph waes gecumen,
Pa comen heo ealle him togeanes and cwaedon: "La, fiederIoseph, sibb
sy mid Pe'9 and on Pine ingange." Ioseph heom andswered19and cwce :
"Sibb seo mid eallen Pan mannen Pe God 20 lufigeo." And heo ealle to
him abugen 21 and hine cysten. Nichodemus22pa mid wuroscipe hine to
his byrig onfeng.
l
On morgen23 ealle Pa 24 Iudees, Annas and Caiphas and preostes25 and
diacones,26hine baeden Paethe scolde heom swuteligen.21 "And secge us
hwu 28 PU Haelendes lichame bebyredest[and] hwu pu of Peerecluse
come Pe we PeesPe on we [Fol. 92a] Pe ne funden, pa31us
beclysden.29IDa
1For bydwunigendeA has syndon (490,16). 2A, ge on God ge on-Pe(490, 17).
3A,-Pe on eornest]Pcetdu gemedemigebe (490,17,18).
4A, bpynumfcederumand to bpynumbearnum (490,18).
5_inremiltsenot in A; but,for]on~ e ealle wundriadpynre upahafennysse (490,19).
6P)aPa we . ... on cwarternenot in A.
7C here omits several lines of A, ac Dryhten_]eonfeng .... fram eallum folce (490,
20-23).
8A, _baforon and to losepe Comonand hyne gesybsumlicegrettonand heora gewrythym
(490,23,24).
9A, And PbaJosephPcet gewrytrcedde,Pbacwcedhe (490,25).
loA, Se DryhtenGod, se de me alysde and mynblod nolde Icetan ageotan (490,26).
11A, and sig gebletsodse de me (490,27). 12o in heo above line in MS.
13A, ba dam odrumdcege(490,29). 14A,-Jawcesloseph farende (490,30).
15mid geleafe and not in A. 16A, uppan (490, 31). 17Not in A.
18A, and ba ludeas, Pa hig cet gehyrdon,ealle ongean urnon and wceron
clypigendeand
cwedende (492, 31, 32).
19A, myd
bynumingange (490,33). MS, andswerered.
20A, mydeallum Godesfolce (490,34). 21A, and hig a hymgenealcehton(490,35).
22and Nich. hyne .... ham to hys huse afeng (490,35-492, 1).
23A, _]amodrumdcegeda (492,1, 2). 24ealle ba Iudees not in A.
25A, Nichodemus (492,2).
26and diacones not in A, but cwcedonto losepe
(492,2, 3).
27A, L we byddad Pe Pcet du sylle andetnyse ])am sodan Gode, and geswutela us ealle
]ba ]byngbe du framnus acsod byst(492,3, 4).
28A, cerestbu dePces etc. (492,5). 29A, beclysedhcefdon(492.6. 7).
30C omitsfor am .... wundrigendewceron (492,7). 31A, and us fyrhto.
597
20 WILLIAM H. HULME
mycel fyrht forgrap and ege.1 Gode2 seege3 hit us." Ioseph
foeder
cwced to heom:4 "Da-Pa5 ic beclysed woes,Pa feng ic on mine gebeden6
forOto Paeremiddre7nihte. Da waes hus beo Pan feowerhyrnenup
Pet
onhafen, and ic Pone Haelend Paasgeseh eall swylc hit legeraescwaere;
and ic forpan ege nicer on9 eorien afeoll, and he me beo Paere hand
geheold and up ahof and me gecyste and cwced to me: 'Ne ondraed Pu
Pa,10Ioseph; besih on me and ongeot Ioet ic hit eam.' Da beseh ic and
cwced: 'Eart Pu Elias, ure lar~eign?' ba cwcedhe to me: 'Ne'2
Pet'
eam ic na Elias; ac ic eam se Haelend ee Pu his lichame bebyredest.'
Da cwce6 ic to him: 'KEteowe me Pa byrigeles13hwar ic Pe leigde.' Se
Haelend me'4 Pa beo Plere rihthand genam and me ut ledde hwar'5 ic
hine byrede,and sy88en he ledde me to Barimathia, to minre'6 agenre
rice and cwced:7 'Sibb seo mid Pe and"s mid Pinen hirde,Ioseph, and ne
farPu na'9 of pinrerice20aer binnen feowertig"'dagena faece. Ic wylle to
Galileam22to minen cnihten gan'23 [Fol. 92b].
Da Pa Iudees eall Piss geherdan,2"Pa feollan heo adun an cwaedon:25
"Hwoet maeg Piss tacne beon Pe on Israele lande geworden is? We
cuoen26eeigoergea feedergea moder loes Haelendes. Mihte7lPiss eall
beon soo geworden?" Ioseph Pa up stod and cwced to Annam and28
Caipham: "Soo829 is to wundrigennePoethe30 of deaoe is31 arisen. Witod-
lice32 feale manna he of deaoe awehte on 3 his and heo of heora
sume heo eac lifes oeriste,
Ealle
byrigeneareerde,and34 weeron. 3 we cuoen Pone
rihtwisen36 Simeon37le urne38Drihtenbeeron his earmenintoPan3"temple,
I and ege not in A. 2C omitsba da we .... ncefdon(492,8,9).
3A, and geswutela us eall hu hytbe de gewordenys (492,9).
4A, hymandswarode and cwced(492,10); C omits Efne .... wylle (492,10).
5A, Hyt wces on dceg ba ge me beclysdon cet bam gewordenan cefne ic on .... feng
(492,11,12),
6C omits and hig geornesang (492,12).
7A, odhyttobcere mydderenyhtecom (492,12,13). 8sbanot in A.
9A, on ba (492,15). 1oA, de na (492,17). 11A, la lareow (492,18).
12Ne .... na Elias not in A, but in B. 13A, byrgene(492,20).
14me just before genam in A. 15hwar .... he Icedde me not in A.
16A, on myn agen hus (492,22). 17A, cw. to me (492,23).
18and mid binen hirde not in A. 19na not in A. 20A, huse (492,24).
21A, er on aonfeowertugedan dceg (492,24). 22to Galil. not in A.
23A, Ic wylle gan (492,24) ; A, leorningcnyhtum(492,25).
24ba aforhtodonhig and sume (492,26). 25A, heom betwynan cw. (492,26).
26A, cunnon ces Hcelendes (492,27). 27Mihte .... gewordennot in A.
28A, and to (492,29). 29A, To sodonwel hyt (492,30).
30C omits bcet ge be .... gehyred habbaO (492, 30). 31A, aras (492,31).
32C omits and lyfigendeon .... deade aryse (492,32); for witodlice A has ac he.
33on his woristenot in A. 34and sume .... wceronnot in A.
35C omits and hlystadme nu da (492,33).
36A, eadegan (492,34).
37C omits anda one mceran mcessepreostbe(492,34).
38A, done Hcelend cerost .... beer (492, 35),
39A, bam halgan (494,1); Pbearreban lame wcesnot in A.
598
Pe errePan lame w~es. Wel we cuSen' his twegen sunen, Carinus and
Leuticius, Pe woeronfor feale gearen2 deade. Ga we lochigen :3 nu by8
heora byrigene opene, and heo synden inne4 Paere ceastre Barimathia
samod libbende5 and God' herigende. Ac uten faren7to heom mid
eallen eadmodnysses and wuromynte and gelaeden heo to us and
bidden' heom for heora Drihtenes name Pet heo wio us specan and
us atellen ealle Pa geryna Pe beo Godes?o weristegewordene waeron.""
[ Fol. 93a]
Da-Pa Ioseph haefde'2 Puss gespecan, Pa woes eall Paet folecblissi-
gende"1 wio him and to Barimathia Paere ceastre ferden,14 and paere
gewytenwolden hweber hit so8 PoetIoseph saede.'51a16 heo 1pider
wmere
comen, Annas and Caiphas,'7 Nichodemusis and Gamaliel, Pa eodan heo
to Paerebyrigene and funden heo memtig." And Pa eodan20 heo into Pd
ceastre and gemettenCarinus21and Leuticius21on gebedan licgende22mid
25
gebegedan cneowen; and heo23sone ealla 2 cystenand mid arwurounge26
toIerusalem to heora sinooe27 gelaioden.28 And Paerinnebelocanen geaten
heo woeronnymenda Pa boc Pe seo drihtenliceae woeson gewriten,and
heom on hand setten and Puss cwoedon: "We hAelsigeBeow Purh Pone
uplicen God and Purh Pa drihtenliceae Pe ge gehealden"2habbe), Poet
gyf ge gelefe5 on Pan ilcan Pe eow of deaBe araerde,30 Paet31ge secgen us
hwu ge of deaoe arisen."3"
Carinus and Leuticius heom andsweredanY.3 Da eldres and Pa mas-
sepreostes heom Pa fundenblaec and feoere,34 and me heo todelde35on twa
l A, and ealle we wyton bcet he .... hcefde,ba wceronhatene se oder Carinus and se
oder Leuticus (494,2).
2A, and ealle we cet wyton
3, 4). ]cet hig deade wceron,and we to heora byrgynecomon (494,
3A, Uton eac nu gan and we magon heora byrgenaopenefyndan (494,4, 5).
4A, on (494,5). 5 A, gebyddende(494,6).
6A, and wyd nanne man sprecende; and swylce swigean healdende swa ]et hig wyc
nanne man ne sprecad (494,6-8).
7A, we gan and cuman (434,8).
8seadmodnysseand not in A; and added above line in MS.
9A, and hig geornehalsianbcet (494,9). 10heora (494,11). 11A,syndon.
12A, eall ]ys ]us gesprecenhcefde(494,12).
13A, bcetfolc hymwcesgeblisszgende(494,12). 14A,farende (494,13).
15A, gesprecenhefde (494,14). 16A, Acb a da (494,14).
17A, Pa eodon toacere byrgene,etc. (494,15). 18C omits and Ioseph (494,16).
19A, Ac
hig]cer ncenneman on ne fundon (494,16,17).
20A, Hig woeron a innor on Pa ceastre gangende (494,16); B
Hyg eode (495,19).
21A, hig (494,18). 22A, licgan (494,18). 23A, hig hig (494,19).
24ealla not in A. 25A, myd ealre (494,19).
26C omits and myd Godes ege hig (494,20), 27A, gesomnungeto Hier. (494,21).
28A, geleddon (494,21). 29A on handan (494,25). 30A, awehte (494,26).
31fcetge not in A; but secgad (494,26). 32A, arysene wurdon (494,26).
33 C omits and Pus cwcedon ' We wyllap eac; syllad us eac Ja cartan,
aet we hytmagon
on awrytan acet&et we gehyrdonand eac gesawon (494,27-29).
34A, cartan (for blec and federe) fundon (494,30).
35C omits and eall cet deerto gebyrede(494,30); A does not have and me .... ceigder.
599
22 WILLIAM H. HULME
and mycel folcas mid heora [Fol. 93b])eigoer. Da cwced1Carinus and Leu-
ticius: "Drihten Crist,2ure Haelend, Pu eart lif and aeristeallre deadre.
We bidde 3 Poet1u us geoafige oetwe iPasoe geryne4mugen geswutelien
Pe gewordene synd Purh Pee5and Purh Pinne dea8 and Purh pinne aerist."
Heom6 com Pa stefneof heofone1Puss'cweSende: "Beo Godes mihte8and
leafe writaoand geswutelieoeallen' mannen." Carinus1oand Leuticius Pa
ongunnen1 writen: "Efne we12 weron Pa mid eallen uren frederenon
p1eredeopen helle,' Paerbecom mycel14 brihtnysseofer" us ealle swylce
sunne leome. Sathanas16and eall hellewerod" waeronafyrhteand* Puss
cwaedon: 'Hwaet is Piss liht Pat her swais feerlice scint?' Da waes
sone eall Paet maennisccynn blissigende and 9 Adam mid eallen hehfre-
deren and2"witegan forPan mycelan lihte," and heo Puss cwoeden: 'Diss
liht is of Godes"2 lihte,eallswa us God23behet he us paetece lif2"and
Pet
liht asaenden wolde,' Da clypode Isaias, se witega, and cwced: 'Diss is
iPet frederliceliht oetforen2"Godes sune hider asaendod, swa26 ic forsoede,
Pa-pa27ic on eorse waes, Pa ic cwced and forewitegode]Pet land
Pet
Zabulon and"2Neptalim wiO Poet [Fol. 94a] wweter2"9ordanen and pIet folec
Pe on 30
"eostre" scolden habben32 mare liht. piss ic witegode on
steten,
eoroe, and nu hit is gecumen"3to us and us onliht pe34gefyrnon deaoes
dimnysse saeten. Ac uten we35nu ealle blissigen iPes lihtes.'
1A, Karinus and Leuticus heomnwceronba da cartan onfonde heora aegderdne and Jus
cwcedon(494,31,32).
2A, La DryhtenHcelenda Cryst(494,32). 3A, byddadebcet (494,34).
4A, fretwe magon a godcundan gerynugeswutelian.
5burhbe and not in A.
6C omits La du myldosta .... be alyf hytus (496,1-4).
7A, and wcesbus (496,4). 8Beo Godes mnihteand leafe not in A.
9A,geswuteliadhyt; eallen mannen not in A.
10C omits Hig a swa dydon (496,5). 11A,]us hytawrytonand bus cwcedon (496,6).
12A, Efneb a we (496,6) ; B Sodlice ba we (497,9).
13A, hellican deopnysse(496,7). 14A, seo (496,8).
15C omits onbcerebeostra dymnysse. . . . geblyssigendewceron(496,8,9) ; and A has for
oferus . . .. leome, er wcesfceringagewordenon ansyne, swylce bcergylden sunna onceled
wcereand oferus ealle eondlyhte(496,9-11).
16A, and Sat. ja (496,11). 17A,pbetrede werod (496,12). * Writtenout in MS.
18A, oferus swa (496,13). 19A, ure feder (496,14).
20A, and myd eallum (496,15). 21A, beorhtnysse(496,16).
22A, ys ealdor bPcsecan leohtes(496,16,17). 23A, Dryhten(496,17).
24lif and not in A. 25A, and hytys Godes sunu (496,19). 26A, eallswa (496,19).
27A has one ba. 28A, and Pcetland Nep. (496,21).
29A, ha ea. 30A, on bam (496,22).
31 Difficultto determine whetherMS. has Peostre or ]eastre.
32A, sceolden mcereleohtgeseon (496,22).
33A, andpa e on dymmumn rice wunedon ic witegodePat hig leohtsceoldon onfonand nu
(496,23,24).
34A, ba de (496,25). 35we nu not in A.
600
Simeon se rihtwise' mid blisse heom to 'WuldrieO one

cwaed..
Drihten Crist, Godes sune, pone-Pe ic bar on minen earmen into Pan
temple; and ic Pa Pus cwced: "Du eart liht and froferealle peoden and2
muromynt eallen Israele folca."' Da3 blissode' Adam and eall his
ofspryng,Pa com Poer stefne5swylce Punreslege and" Pa halgen ongean
clypode:7 'Hwat eart Pu?' And hes cwcOt: 'Ic eam lohannes Paes
hehste witegan forrynel,'and her ic bodige10 almihtiges Godes sune
hidercyme,swa swa ic on eorSen dyde.' Da-Pa11 he incom,Pa brihtode
eall helle. Adam waes Pa12 to his sune cweSende, Pe waes genamned
Seth:13 'Gerece nu14" inen bearnen and"' hehfaederenealle Pa Ping Pe 1Pu
fram Michaele, pan hehangle, geherdest,Pa-Pa ic pe sende to neorxene-
wanges gate, Plet pu scoldest Drihten bidden P1et[Fo0.94h] he mid Pe his
angel asande, P1athe Pe Pone ele syllen scolde of Pan treowePere mild-
heortnysse,Piet Pu mihtest minne lichame mide gesmerien, Pa-pa ic'6
untrumwaws.'
Seth, Adames sune, waos'7 nehlacende Pan hehfaderen and Pan
halgen's witegan and cwced:1" 'Efne Pa ic waes Drihten biddende at
neorxenewanges gate, Pa eteowde20 Micael, se hehengel, and me to
cwecd: "Ic eam asand fram Drihtene to Pe and ic eam asett ofer eall
mannisc lichame. Nu secge ic pe, Seth, ne ieart Pu swincan biddende
ne Pine teares geotende,PaetPu Purfebidden Pone ele of Pan treoweP1are
mildheortnysse,P1atPu Adam pinne fredermide gesmerigenmote forhis
lichames sare; for21get ne synden gefyllede22fifPusend wintreand Pa fif
hundred,23 Pe sculen beon agane, erPone24he gehaled wuroe." ' IDa25CWad
Adam: 'Nu heo synden gefylde and agane and forogewitene.'
Hit26 waes Pa2 swyoe grislic and28 egeslic, Pa"9 Sathanas, ieere helle
1A, Se wytegaPa Sym. heomeallum geblyssigendum(496,26).

2A, andb u eart wuldor and (496,30).
3C omits Symeonepa dus .... p era halgena (496,31).
4A, wea,'? swydegeblyssigende(496,32); Adam and eall his ofspryngnot in A.
5Stefnenot in A, which has and cefterlamcer com swylce (496,33).
6A, and ealle Pa (496,33). 7C omits and cwcedon(496,34).
8A, Seo stefenheom andswarode and cwced(496,34). 9forrynelnot in A.
IoA, and ic eom cumen toforanhym Get ic his wegas gegearwian sceal, and geican pa
hcelehysfolces (498,1-2).
11Daba .... eall helle not in A,
12A, Adam Pa waespys gehyrendeand to (498,2, 3).
13C omits he cwced(498,3). 14nu not in A. 15A, and Pysum (498,4).
16A, ic myd eallum (498,10). 17A, wces a to (498,10).
is halgen in A before heahfederum (498,11). 19A, wcescwedende (498. 12).
20A, cetywdeme (494,13). 21A,for bam de gyt (498,19). 22A, Pa fif(498,20).
23A, hund wyntra (498,20). 24bonenot in A.
25sa cwce5 .... and fordgewitenenot in A.
26C omits Ac bonne cymd .... and God wuldrigende (498,21-26).
28and egeslic not in A. 29A, Pa ca Satanas (498,27).
27pa not in A.
601
24 WILLIAMH. HULME
ealdor,I cwed to2 helle: 'Gearca3 pe, helle,4 Jat Ju muge Crist onfon,
se-Pe hine sylfne gewuldred haefo and is Godes sune and eac mann,
[Fol. 95a] and ec5 is hine ondradende. And ic6 eam swa unroth,Po~tme
Pinco sar min lif,7 ic forneh dead earn. He is wiSerwinne' ongean
Pt And feale
me and9 ongean pe. pe ic hefde to me atogen,10bisne11and
healte, lame12and reoflen,-ealle he heo13fram me14 ateah.' Da seo15
helle egeslice and grislice"1 andswerede17Sathanas Pan ealden deofle
and cwced: 'Hwa4t is se, Paet seois swa strang and swa mihtig,gyf he
man is, he ne seo deaS'9 ondraedende,Pe wytgefyrnbeclysd haefden?
pt
For-Ben ealle Pa-Pe anweald20on eorSe hmfdon,Pu heo mid Pinre mihte
to me getuge and ic heo faestegeheold. And gyf pu21mihtig nu22eart,
swa pu aerwaere,hwaetis se mann and se Hielend Pe ne seo Pone dea8 and
Pine mihtenondradende? Ac to sooen ic wat, gyf he on manniscnysse
swa mihtigis Pawthe naoer ne unc,ne Pone deao ne ondratt,Ponne23gebint24
he Pe and Pe by aefrewa sym8en.'2" Sathanas Pa, Paerehellen26ealder,27
andswerede and"2cwced: ' Hwat tweonestPu ofPe?29 Hwat 30ondradest
pu Pe Pone Haelend to onfone, minne wi8erwinne?31 [Fol. 95b] Ic his
costnode. Ic gelarde132 eall folc heo waron ongean
Pat Iudeisce Pat
him mid eorre and mid ande;33and ic dyde Paethe was geseald34and
mid spere gesticod; and35ic dyde pret man36treowene rode gearewede
and hine Pawronanheng and hine mid naeiglen gefaestnode; and37 awt
nexten ic wylle his deaO to Pe gelaeden,and he sceal beon underPeod,
1C omits and ces deades heretoga. 2A, toP ere (498,28).

3A, gegearwa (498,28), 4A,Pe sylfe.
5C omits se dead (498,30); in the preceding line MS has gewuldred not gewuldred, as
FOrster (p. 318,n. 5) reads.
6A, and mynsawl ys swa (498,31).
7A,~et ic alybban ne mceg(498,31); MS dead, not dead, as FOrsterreads.
8A, For Pig he ys mycel wyderw. and yfelwyrcende(498,32).
9A, and eac (498,33). toA, to g.ewyldand to (498,33). 11A, blynde (498,34).
12A, gebygede. 13heo not in A. 14A, pe (498,35). 15A, Seo hellPa.
16A, swide grymmeand swydeegeslice (498,35).
17A, andswarode Pa Satanase (500,1). 18A, Pe ys (500,2). 19A, pone dead.
20A, on eordan anweald (500,4); but B has same order as C.
21A, bu swa (500,6). 22nu not in A.
23C omits the precedingPcet ic watbcet swa .... hyneondrcetof A (500,10-12).
24A,gefohd(500,12). 25A, to ecere worulde (500, 13). 26A, bcescwycsusles.
27A, pcere helle andswarode (500,14). 28A, and Pus. 29Pbuof not in A. 30C omits odde.
31Anerasure of two or three words at the beginning of the firstline of fol. 95b; C omits
the preceding and eac bynne; for bon ic (500,16).
32A, and ic gedyde hym]cet (500,17).
33A, andan awehte (500,18). 34geseald and not in A.
35C omits and ic gedyde mPethym man drincan mengdemyd [g]eallan and myd ecede
(500,19,20).
36A, man hym. 37A, and nu cet (500,22).
602
aeigoer gea Pee'gea me.' Seo helle Pa swa2 swyoe grislice Puss cwaed:
'Wyte PoatPu swa do, Poethe framme3 Pa deade ne ateo, for-1pan-1:e here
feale synden Pe synden4 geornfulle fram me, heo on me wunigen
Pt
nelle8.5 Ac ic wat poetheo framme ne gewite Purh heora agene mihte,
bute heo se ilca6 God me benyme7 Pe me benam Lazarum,8Pone-Peic
heold deadne feower niht gebunden, and ic hine eft cwicne ageaf
foeste Sathanas and cwced: 'Se ilca hit is Pe
purh his beboden.' Da answerede
Lazarum of deaoe awehte9and of unc bam genam.' Seo helle Pa and-
sweredel' and cwced: 'Eala, ic halsige Pe Purh Pine magn and eac Purh
minne Pwt Pu naefrene geoafie aoethe on inne" me becume, for-Panic
geherde [Fol.96a] Pa wordhis bebodes! Ic mid mycelanege afyrhtand
ealle mine arlease Peignes weron 1 midwoes me gedrehte,'3swa Paetwe ne
mihtenLazarum gehealden. Ac he hine scacende swa'4 swa earn,
Pone he wyle'5 mid re~en flihte foro woesafleon. And he ways fram us
arisende,16 and seo eoroe Pe Lazarus deaden lichame heold,heo hine cwicne
ageaf. And Pat ic wat nu,"7Paetse mann Pe eall Pat dyde, heis is on Gode
strang and mihtig. And gyfPu hine inn'9 geloedest,ealle Pa-Pe her synd
on Pyssen waelreowencwarternebeclysede and on Pyssen baendenmid
synne gewrioene,ealle he mid his godcundnysse framus20 atiho and to
life gelwedeo.'"
Eala,2' men Pa leofeste,hwu lailic and hwu grislicwoesPaeredeoflene
gemot,Pa seo helle and se deofel heom betweonencidden!
" Onmang"2Pan Pa com
Paermycelstefneand gastlic clypigendeswylce
Punreslege, and Puss cweoende: 'Attollite portas.'23 1Detfersseg:'24
'Ge ealdres, untyne)25 Pa gaten and upahebbeo Pa endelease 6 gaten and
leteo inn27 Pone wuldrigende Godes sune.' And28 [Pa] seo helle poet
geherde, Pa cwaee heo [Fol. 96b] to pan heafde," Beelzebub: 'Gewito3
framme and far of11minrewununge; and gyf Pu eart swa mihtig32swa
1A, ge me gePe (500,23). 2swa not in A. 3A, da deadan fram me (500,25).

4pe synden not in A. 5A, noldon (500,27). 6A, celmyhtiga (500, 28).
7A,fram me ateo. 8Lazarum of me genam (500,29).
9 of deade awehte and not in A. loA, Seo h. hymPa cdusto cwced(500,32).
11A,in on me (500,34); A,for Pam Pa ic (502,1). 12A, wceron samod myd (502, 3).
13A, gedrehteand gedrefede. 14A,eal swa (502,4).
15A,jonne he .... flyhtewyle (502,5).
18A, he swa wcesfram us resende (502,6). 17A, nu wat (502,7).
18sA,-cet he (502,8). 19A, to me (502,9). 20A,me (502,12).
21This sentence is addition of the C copyist or
author, and is one of two passages in the
piece that give it the style of a homily.
22A,Ac amangpbampe higbus sprecon, Peer wcesstefenand gastlic hream swa hlud swa
Pbunresslege and wces(502,12,13).
23A gives the whole verse, Tollite portas
principes vestras et elevamini porte eternales,
introibitRex Gloria (502,14,15).
24A, bet bydon Englisc. 25A, tonymad(502,16). 26A, ecan (502, 17).
27A,bPetmnegeingan se Cyng
bees ecan wuldres. 28A, Ac.
29A, to bam ealdre, Satane
(502,18). 30A,radeefram(502,19). 31A, ut of.
32A, swa myhtigeart (502,20).
603
26 WILLIAM H. HULME
Pu aer cwaode,'ponne winn Pu2 ongean hine3 and gewuroe Pe and him.'
And seo helle Pone deofel4ut adraf,and cwcedto Pan arleasen Pegnen:
'Beluca8 feeste5Pa aendelease6 gaten and toforen sceote8 Pa aerene'
and Pa irenes scytteles, and him strange' wiostandeo and piss weorod10
behealdeo, aet we ne beon bereafod.'"
Da geherdan pa hehfaederes12 Pe Paerinne waeron,Pa clypedan'3
heo eallePetanre stefne14to helle: 'Geopene Pine gaten and loetinn15
Pere
Pone King, Paesecen wuldres sune.' Ia cwvedDauid:"1 'hiss ic witegode17
Pa ic ofereoroen waes cwebende," Andetteo Drihtene his mildheortnysse,
for-Pan-Pehe wyle his mildheortnysseismannen cyoen."' Da1" cwwed
Isaias:20 'Ic saede on eorien21 deade moennscolden arisen122and helle
pet
scolde beon geheregod23and sarignysse eall to blisse gewaend Purh
wuldres bearn.' a 24 halgen Paetgeherden,25 Pa blissedan 26heo ealle
and to helle cwaeden: 'Geopene Pine [Fol. 97a] gaten. I)u28 scealt
lPere27
beon untrumand unmihtig and mid eallen oferswioed.' a 2"woesPoer
geworden30mycel stefne and mycel31 liht swylc Punreslege and Puss
cwced: 'Ge ealdres, geopenige532and untyneo eower gaten p1et muge
ingan se King e 33of heofoneis asaend.' Da geherde34seo helle Pet hit
twyggegeclyped, Pa cleopode heo ongean and Puss cwaed: 'Hwaet
wans
is Pes35King Pe is36 gewuldred?' Dauid cwced and hire andswarede:37
'Hit is Drihten38of heofonerice; and Piss3"ic on eoroen aerrecwed, P1aet
1A, ymbesprcece. 2A,pu fnu. 3A,Pone wuldres cyning (502,21).
4A,Pa Satan of hyssetlum (502,22). 5fcestenot in A.
6A, wcelhreowanand ba cerenan (502,23). 7bpaCrene and not in A.
8A, ysenan (502,24). 9A, stranglice. 10A,Pa hceftinga(502,25).
11A, gehcefte. 12 A, seo mcenigeoPcerahalgena (502,26).
13A, hig clypedonealle (502,27). 14A,and cwcedonto (502,27).
15A,Pcet moegeingan se cyning (502,28) ; A omits sune. 16A, David
ba gyt (502,29).
17A,Ne forewitegodeic eowb a da ic on eordan lyfigendewaes? (502,30).
18A, hyswundra qwylemanna bearnum (502,31).
19C omits and 1a carenangatu .... heora unryhtwysnysse (502,32-34); A, A"Efter
bpaml a.
20A,se wytegaIs. to eallum abamhalgum be der weron (504,1).
21A, and ne forescedeic eowPbada ic on eordan lyfigende wces (504,2).
22A, arysan sceoldon (504,3).
23C changes the thought of A entirely,the latter having and mcenigebyrgenageopenod
weordan and ba sceoldon geblyssian be on eordan weron, for-bam-de hym fram dryhtne
hael sceolde cuman (504,3, 5).
24A,JDaeallebpa. f
25A,Pys wcerongehyrendefram am witegan Esaiam (504,6).
26bpa.... ealle and not in A. 27A, Hig wceroncwedendeto (504,7). 28A, nu bpu.
29C omits heomPa dus gesprecenum(504,8, 9).
30A, seo mycele (504,9). 31and mycel liht not in A.
32A, tonimad eowre gatu and upahebbad ba ecan gatu (504,11).
33A,Pwesecan wuldres (504,12). 34A,Ac seo hellpaPaet gehyrde. 35A, se (504,14).
36A, sig wuldres cyning. 37A, Dauid hyre andswarode a and cwced.
38A,pas word ic oncnawe (504,15).
39A, and eac ic Pas word gegyddode,Pa da ic on eordan wcesand ic hytgecw.
604
he scolde' of heofone to eorSe and Paer geheren Pa geomerunga his

gebundenra Peowen. Ac nu [Pu] fule2and Pu stinchende3helle, geopene
rawe4pine gaten, poet muge ingan ecen wuldres King.' Da Dauid5
Puss gespecan hefde, Pa paertobecomPes
se wulderfulleKing on mannes
gelicnysse and6 Pa gaten tobraec and Pa peostre7 ealle onlihte and
P~arPa synbaendes8ealle tobraecand9 ure ealde faederesealle geneosode,
Paer'oheo on pan Peostre lange gewuned" haefden. Seo'2 helle and se
deao and heora arlease Pegnes,Pa 13heo Pet [Fol. 97b] gesegen and geher-
den, heo waeron forhtigende"1 mid heora waelreowenI~eignen,for-Pan-Ie
heo on heora agene riche swa mycele brihtnysse'1gesegen. Da gesegen16
heo hine sittenon Pan setle Pe he sylf'7geahnede, pal" cwaedenheo: 'Nu
we synden'9ealle oferswiBeneand ofercumene. Ac sege"20us, hwaeteart
Pu, Pu Pe buten elcere wwemmungeand buten flite21 us hafest ealle
ofercumene22 and genyoered? And23hwet eart Pu swa mycellic and24
lytel and hehlic,2"and swa wunderlic on anes mannes heowe, 'et2 Pu
haefestus ofercumen? Iu laege27dead and bebyred,and eart leofigende
hider gefaren2 to us. And on pine dea8e ealle tunglen and gesceafte
wuroen29gestyrede. And Pu eart freols30gewordenbetwuxeallen ooren
deaden, and eall ure werod31Pu haefest swyoe gedrefed,and haefestnu
hider swa mycel32liht gebroht,and mid pinre33brihtnyssesynden ealle
SA,Pcet se sylfa Drihten wolde of heofenumon eordan beseon(504,17).

2A,fuluste andpu ful (504,19). 3A, stincendiste. 4 rade not in A.
5A uses absolute construction,Dauide Pa pus gesprecenum,kPerto(504,20).
6C omits bPct wces ure heofenlica Dryhten while and ba gaten tobrcec is not in A
(504, 22).
7 A, Par Pa ecan. 8A, he ealle (504, 23). 9A, and he (504,24). 10A,PcerPcer.
11A, cer .... wunigende wceron (504, 25). 12A, Ac seo.
13A, Pa da (504,26). The only instance in MS wherePcet is writtenout.
14A, aforhtode (504, 27) ; A omits heo. 15C omitsPces leohtes (504,29).
16and higfceringa Crystgesawon on
bam setle syttan.
17A, him sylfumgeahnod hcefde(504,30).
1s A, and hig wceronclypigende and Pus cwedende.
19A, We syndonfram Pe oferswydde(504,31) ; and ofercumenenot in A.
20A, Ac we acsiaOd e (504,32).
21A inverts order, butan
oelcongeflyteand butan.
22A, mydPynum mcegenprymme hcefsture myhtegenyderod(504,34). 23A, O6e.
24and eac swa (504,35). 25A, and swa nyderlic,and eftup swa heah.
26A, us to oferdryfenne(506,1).
27A,Hwcetne eart u se de lagedead on byrgene
(506,2).
28A,tous cumen(506,3).
29A,ealle eorcangesceaftaand ealle tunglasyndon(506,4).
3Ofreols(A, freoh) use das an adjective. 31A, eoredu (506, 6).
32A, and hwceteart Pu Pe hcefst icetleohthydereond send.
33A, and mydpynre godcundan myhteand beorhtnyssehcefstablendpa synfullan ystro
(506,
7).
605
28 WILLIAM H. HULME
Pas Peostre gelihte. And eac' gelice ealla Pas ealdres2 Pysere helle
synden swy8e afyrhte.'
"Pa3 waeronPa deofle ealle clypigende anre stefne and' cwaeen:
Hwanen eart Pu, la Haelend, swa strang mann and swa [Fol.98a] briht
on maeigne,5and wunigende6 buten aelcen lehtre7 and claene fram
aelcen waemme? Eall8 middeneard us waes simle underoeodd for Paoet'
nu. Eornestlice'o we axigeo" hwaetPu seo, Pu Pe swa unforhtus eart to
gecumen and wylt'2 us benymen eall Paet we hider habbeO gestrynd,
[and] fif Pusend'3 and fif hundred wintre on pine and on synbaende
gebroht haefden? Hweoer hit wen seo, Pet Pu seo se ilca Helend Pe
Sathanas embe spwc," ure ealder, and saegde paet he wolde Purh'5 Pine
deao anweald habben ealles middeneardes '
"Ac se wulderfaesteCyng and ure heofonliceHlaford nolde16Paere
deoflena gemaoeles na"' mare hlysten,'sfor'9-Panheo wolden mid heora
maoele hine dreccen. And Beelzebub fleah Pa into helle botme,and ure
Drihten him strangode after and hine befranhwy he swa swybe nyier
his setle gecure, and aerrecwced pueteall wurld waes his. And he hine20
gegrap Pa2' and22 frestegeband mid23 anes draca baeclinge and hine
Paer helle sealde on anweald to24habbene aa buten aende."
Eala25 maen,hwu grislic hit waos Pa-Pa seo deo[Fol.98blfellicehelle
Pone feond, Beelzebub, underfeng and hine faeste geheold! For-pan
se deofol was r PIerehelle hlaford and eallra Peeredeofellicre Pingen
Pe hire on waeron.
"Da cwcedseo helle26: 'La Pu ealdor eallra forspillednysse,for27hwy
dyrstlehtest Pu Pone28 HRelend to nymeneand on Pa Iudeas beswendest
1eac not in A. 2A, bas eoredubPyssadeofla (506,9).
3A, and hig wemron ba ealleba (506,10). and cwcedennot in A.
5A, mcegenbrymnme (506,12). and wunigende not in A.
7A, butan celconwommeand swa clcenefram celcon leahtre (506,13).
sA, eall eordan. 9A, od (forford~cet). 10A, And earnostl. (506,14).
11A,Pe hwceteart Pu.
12A, and Par to eacan us wyltfram ateon ealle ba de we gefyrnon bendum heoldon
(506,15).
Pusend and fifhundred wintreon pine not in A; and fifhundred above line.
13fif
14A has differentorder,ure ealdor ymbespcec (506,18).
15A has differentorder, durhbynne dead he wolde geweald, etc.
16A, ha nolde (506,20). 17Na not in A, but in B. 18A, habban (506,21).
19forPbanheo .... eall wurld wceshis not in A; nor does C have anythingcorrespond-
ing to ac hebPonedeoflicandeadfeor nyderatrced (506,21).
20A, Satan (506,22).
21Jbanot in A. 22A, and hynefceste.
23Mid anes draca bceclingenot in A. 24Remainder of this sentence not in A.
25This paragraph, Eala .... hire on wceronhas only Ac heo hyne ba underfeng(506,
23) correspondingin A. Eala mcen,homiletic language. C omits eall swa hyrefram ure
heofenlican hlaford gehatenwces (506,24).
26A, to Satane (506, 25). 27C omits and la du .... modignisse (506, 26-28).
28A, Pu be bcet u bcet gelPanconbPet Iudeisce (506,29).
606
on heora heorten,Paet heo Pone Haelend onhengen? And Pu nu Purh

Paere rode2 treowe ealle Pine blisse haefestforspilled. Nu3 Pu haefest
yfele gedon4 ongean me and ongean Pe, and5 Pu for5 to domes daoige
scealt beon Puss gebunden, and feala ece tintregenon me ge~rowigen6
and on cwicsusle beornen.' Da7 PaotCrist geherde, hwu seo helle Pone8
deofel, Beelzebub, mid' mycelegryregebreatode and mid wordetyrwede,
Pa he: 'Beo nu se deofol," helle ealdor, on Pinen anwealde, and
cwced
git bute on forspillednysse'2aa buten aende.' "And se wulderfulle
Cyng' a~enede his hand14 and cwcea: 'Ealle mine"5halgen Pe mine
gelicnysse habbe5, cume5 to me."'6 a ealle" Pa halgen genelehten"
to his hande, and se Haelend Pa Adam [Fol.99a] beo Paererihthandgenam
and him to cwaed: 'Sib seo mid Pe, Adam, and mid"9 Pinen bearnen.'
Adam waes Pa nyier feallinde and Haelendes cneow cyssende and
mid tearengeotende [halsunge], and Pasmid20 stefne clypigende and Puss
cweoende: 'Ic herige Pe, heofona Hlaford, Pu me of Pysserecwic-
Pt aoenede
susle woldest onfon.'21 Se22Haelend Pa his hand and rodetacne
oferAdam geworhteand ofer ealle Pa23o5re halgen; and he Adam beo
hand fram helle ateah and his Pa gecorena.24 And Dauid
Pre swy~re
cwcpd:25 'Singe5 ealle halgen26 ure Drihtene neowne sang.'27 And heo
sungan :28 'On doxa wyste uoysena. Alleluia. Alleluia.'
1C omits and bu hymnanne gylton ne oncneowe (506,30).
2A,bPettrywand Purh bParode hcefst(506,31) ; hcefestabove line.
3 C omits and PurhcetPe Odubysnewuldres cyningahenge (506,32).
4A, Du dydestwyderwerdliceongeanpe and eac ongean me (506,53).
5and uforJ .... gebundennot in A.
6A, and oncnaw nu hufcela ece tyntregaand Pa ungeendodan suslo u bystJbrowigende
on mynreecan gehealtsumnysse(506,34,35).
7 A, Ac
ba da se wuldres cyning(508,1). 8A, wy Pone redqn Satan.
9mid mycele .... tyrwedenot in A. 10A,He cwemtopcere helle (508,2).
11Ahas simplySatan on, etc.
12A, on ecum forwyrde,and
Nbetbeo cefreto ecere worulde,on Jbcerestowepe ge Adam
and bcera witegena bearn eer lange on geheoldon(508,3-5).
13A, Dryhten(508,6). 14A,pa his swydranhand adenede.
15A, ge myne .... ge Pe (508, 7).
16C omits after this and gepe urh
ces treowesbleda genyderudewaron, ge seod nu cet
ge sceolonpurh cet treow mynre rode,Pbeic on ahangen wces,oferswydan
bone dead and eac
Pbonedeofol. (508,8-10).
17A, Hyt wes pa swyderadepet ealle, etc. (508,11).
18A, wemron genealecende to mesHelendes.
19A, myd eallum (508,14). 20A, mydmycelrestefnePus cwced(508,16).
21A, onfonwoldest (508,17). 22A, And se. 23A, his halgan (508,19).
24A, and ealle pa halgan heomcefterfyligdon(508,20).
25A, Ac se halga Dauid pa dus clypode myd stranglicre
stefneand (508,21).
26ealle halgen not in A.
27A, lofsang (508,22); C omits,for am de
Dryhtenhcefdwundra eallum Peodum geswu-
telod; and he hwefdhys hcele cude (MS hude) gedon toforan ealre Peode gesyhde,and his
ryhtwysnysse onwrigen (508,23-25).
28A, Ealle Pa halgan hympa andswaredon and "
cwcedon, Pes sig Dryhtne maerdand
eallum hys halgum wuldor. Amen. Alleluia." (508,25-27).
607
30 WILLIAM H. HULME
" AlmihtigI1God betaehte vPaAdam Michaele, pan hehangle, and 2 he

heo gebrohte3 to neorxenewanga mid wulderfulreblisse. And' pa-Pa
heo inn foren, pa gemetten heo twegen weres.' -Da cwaedon6 heo:
'Hwaet synden ge Pe mid us7 on helle naeron,and" eowwer lichame
swa Peh libbende' is?' Da cwca se o0er:10 'Ic eam Enoch and ic Purh
Drihtenes word waes hider geledd, and Piss is Helias n Pe [Fol. 99b] mid
me is; se waes on fyrenechearte'2hider gefered,and get wyt'3deaoes ne
onbyrigden. Ac wyt sculen mid Godes'4 tacne Antecristesanbidian and
ongean hine fihten15and on lerusalem beon" purhhine ofslagene,and on"
feor~e healfen daeiges1beon eft gecwicode and purh gehnipe eft19to eow
up onhafene.'
"Onmang20lIan Pa com paeran sca0e and an rodetacneon his exle baer.
-Dacwcedpaetwerod:21 'Hwaet eart Pu Pe eart anen scaoe gelic?'22 'So0
ge segge8 poetic scaoe waes and eall yfelwyrcende.23 Ac Pa ludees wio
Pone Haelend onhengen me,24and ic his miltse baed, and he me getyoede
and of synne alesde and mid his worde hider aswendeto pan aengle mid
Pyssen25tacne pe ge on minenhalse and het me her eowerabiden.'
Da cwwedonheo ealle: 'Seo gebletsod geseo0
se mildheorteGod, se-pe us are
and mildse forgeaf.' He andswerede and cwced: 'Amen."'
IA, Se halga Dryhten wes Pa Adames hand healdende, and hig Michaele, Pam heah-
engle, syllende and hymsylfwceson heofenasfarende.
2C omits Ealle Pa halgan uwceronPa Mychaele, Pam heahengle, cefterfyligende
(508, 30, 31).
3A, hig ealle ingelceddeon. 4A, Ac ba hig inweard (508,32).
5A, ealde weras (508,33).
6A, and ealle Pa halgan hig sona acsedon and heom-us to
cwoedon.
7A, on helle myd us (508,35).
8C omits and ge nu gytdeade neron; the ww in eowwerdue to end of line.
9A, on neorxnawange togedere syndon (510,1, 2).
10A,Se oderhympa andswarode and cwemd. 11A,Helias Thesbyten(510,4).
12A, crcete(510,5). 13A, wytgyt (510,5).
14A,godcundum tacnum and mydforebeacnum (510,6). 15A, wynnan (510,7).
16A, and wytsceolon on Hierusl.
franmhym(510,8) ; C omits and he eac fram us. Ac wyt
sceolon (510,9).
17A, bynnan.
s A, dcegesfcece. 19eftto eow not in A.
20 A, Ac onmang am de Enoch and Elids Pus sprcecon,heom bcer to becom sum wer be
wcesearmlices hywes,and wcesberendeanre rode tacen on uppan hys,etc. (510,10-13).
21A,Ac a halgan hyneba sona gesawon and hymto cwcedon(510,14).
22A, dyn ansyn ys swylce anes sceadan; C omits and hwcetysbcet tacen Pe du on uppan
pynum exlum byrst? He hymandswarode and cwced(510,15,16).
23A, yfeluon eordan (510,17).
24A has me before wyd(510,18).
25C here compresses into one or two short sentences what A requires more than half a
page to say; and ic Pa geseah ealle a dingbe bePam Hcelende on bacrerode gedone wceron;
and ic Pa sona gelyfdebcethe wcesealra gesceafta Scyppend and se celmyhtigaCyning. And
ic hynegeorne bcedand Pus cwced; " Eala Dryhten,gemunbu myn," etc..... He and swa-
rode and cwceO: "Amen" (510,18-512,6).
608
Diss waron Pa halige' geryne Pe2 Carinus and Leuticius awriten.2

And Carinus up astod4 and his cartenAnnam and Caipham and Gamaliele
on hand sealde,5and Leuticius his carte Nichodeme and Iosephe on hand
[Fol. 1ooa] gesealde; and [heo] cwaeden:" "Godes' sibb seo mid eow eal-
len."s And Carinus and Leuticius waeronPa feeringeon9 faegerenheowe
swylce'0sunne leome,uand on 1aerebrihtnyssefram1"Pan folca gewitento
ecen life.'" And Pa Pa,gewritengeraedde wearon,14 P1aw~eronheo"' gelice
gewritene,poet nayson naBer'6 mare Pone on orern ane stkefe,ne
Pr
forien ane'7 prica.
Da Pa softweste'8 hit geherdan,Pa cwaedenheo: "Seo Drihtengeblet-
sod fa on eallral9 wurlde wurld. Amen." And heo20ferdenham mid
mycelen ege and blisse. And loseph and Nichodemus ferden21to Pila-
ten and him heora2"gewrit meteowden.And Pilatus"2 hit savnde Clau-
dium to Romane byrig and gewrit24hwu hit beo Pan Helende geworden
woeson lerusalem, and hwu heo hine belkewdenand hine him syoSen
1A, syndon a godcundan and Pa halgan (512,7). 2A, be da twegenwytegan (512,8).
3A, to sodongesawon and gehyrdon,eallswa ic eer her beforan scede,pcet hig on pysne
doegmydbam Heelende of deade aryson, eallswa hig se Heelend of deade awehte (512,8-11).
4A, and a hig eal lys gewrytenand gefylledhcfdon, hig up aryson and ba cartan Pe
hig gewrytenhefdon bam ealdrum ageafon (512,11,13),
5A, Carinus his cartan ageaf Annan, etc.; on hand not in A.
6A, And gelice Lesticus his cartan ageaf Nychodeme,etc.; on hand not in A, but B has
ageaf and on hand sealde (513,15).
7A, and heom-busto cwcedon(512,15). sGodes not in A.
9A, eallum fram pam sylfan Dryhtne Hcelendum Crysteand framnure eatra Hcelende
(512,16,17).
toA,swa swa.
feegeres....
11leome not in A, but A has aftersunne,Ponne he (heo B.) beorhtostscyned(512,18).
12A, hygofP am folce (512,19).
13to ecen life not in A, but A has swa beet Pces folces nawyht nystonhwcederhig foron
(512,20).
14A, Acpa ealdras Pa and Pa mcessepreostas ia gewryturceddon1e Carinus and Leuti-
cus gewrytenhcefdon(512,21).
15A, Pa wcescegdergelice (512,22).
16A, nader ncesne Icessene mare Ponne oder be anum stafe (512,23).
17A, be anum (512,24).
18A, And da ba gewrytu gercedde wceron,eall Pcet ludeisce folc (supplied from B) Pa
heom betwynancwcedon: " Sode syndon ealle pas Pyng be her gewordene syndon,and cefre
sig," etc. (512,24-27).
19A, gebletsoda woruld, a woruld.
20A,And celc ara ludea wcesba ham to his agenum farende myd mycelre ymbhydig-
nysse and myd mycelumege and myd mycelrefyrhto,and heora breostbeatende,Pcethig myd
Pbambetan woldonficethig wyc God agylt hcefdon(512,28-31).
21A,waeronPa farende to Pil., bam deman (512,32).
22A,eall atealdon be Pam twain wytegum,Carine and Leutice, and be Pam gewriton,
and be ealreacere farep e hymcerorbedyglodwoes(512,33-514, 1).
23C compresses the A-B version of Pilate's letter to Claudius until it is about one-fourth
as long (cf. 514,515).
24A, Ac Pilatuspa on hys domernehymsylfawrat, etc.
(514,1, 2).
609
32 WILLIAM H. HULME
sealden,and hwuheo hineanhengenand on byrigelealegden,and hwu

he of deaBearas,and hwuheo ponemedsceattPan weardmaenn sealden,
and swa peh[heo]hitforhelenne mihten. "Nu, leofeCasere,ne gelef
Pu na for-panPiss is eall so pa~thitswa is gewor-
Pare Iudea leasunge,
den. Seo Drihtenelofand deoflesarege. Amen."
IV. A HOMILY ON THE HARROWING OF HELL.

(FromMS C.C.C.C.41,pp.295ff.;margin.)
Men Pa leofestan,her saga5 an Pissumbocum ym[bel' Ba miclan
gewirdPe to Oisse nihtewearO:Paet2ure Drihten,Helend Crist,on Bas
nihtgewearZ,3 Pe nu to nihtwes,P. t he of dea8e aras to midrenihte,
and' he astahgniBertohelwarumto Pan,Paethe woldePa hellebereafian,
and swa gedyde,and Poetealdordeofuloferswi8an.And hitwearZ5I him
cuilice atiwed [P.296] Pat he swa wolde gedon. IDatdiofulis geciged
and nemnedSatanas, ealdordeofulinwite; and he rixa5 and
Pat is, Vr8 Drihten
wuna5 in helle nyPeweardre. astahg in Ba helle to Oan,6
he wolde Pa halga saula Panongenerian. Hit saga5 Pawt Pa comon
Pat
manige men to hellegatum,and Pa men waron atelice7and swiBe
laolice gewordene. And hit sagao Pt P Ba menwaeronPawrehelle and
Sara deofla geatweardas, Pawthi woldon Pa hellebelucanwio uris8Driht-
enes foreand wio his Pydercyme.Her seage5Pawthi wurdunhradlice
afyrhtede, Pa ure Drihtencom an Pas nihtto Bawre hellegatum,
loco burstunand niBei feollonongean' hine. And1ohe eode Pa Pat 5a
ing,8
ure Drihten,and braecPa helle and neredel'Ba halgan sawla oe an
Banwitevr lange saton. And hi waronPa sprecende, Pa helware,him
betwunum, and hi cwedon:12 talia1'3we hwaet5es cempasie Be
"-Hwat
into us gai ? Taligao we hwaSere uss[e]41geatweardasslapen,Pa Bes
fyhtling'5 in to us eode? OBbetaligaowe hwmeSer he heabbe'6his ware
gesette wiO usne ordfruma? OBBe he hine ofslegene,and Purh he
intous eode?" Pat
Daetdiofulgewat of Pisse helle feranto oan, Paethe Iudas gelerde
PJethi Criston rode-gealganahengon; and he git ne com,eala, Paet
he no wat hwilc'7waelhim is gerenodin Bissehelle. And he oa, ure
1Emendations to MS are in brackets: resolutions, except fcet, and, are in italics.

2 With one exception, MS hasP. 3geweard almost illegible. 4MS has and.
5The r in weard above line in MS. 6MS has can more frequentlythan cam.
7ic above line in MS. 8So MS. 9e above line in MS.
10and he eode above line in MS. 11d corrected from0in MS.
12MS has hicwcedon.
13It is difficultto determine whetherthe MS reading is taliad or toliad.
14MS has us sgeat wear das; d corrected fromd.
15t above line in MS. 16Second b above line in MS. 171 above line in MS.
610
THE OLD ENGLISH GOSPEL OP NICODEMUS 33
Drihten,astahg furiur in' Pa helle mid his leohtes leoman, o5 he

Adam set, ure ealra Pet
mid eallum his frumcynne.
geseah
hwamr fieder,
And he Adam waes Pa sprecende and cwam: " taliga5 we is
leoht sie Pe Pus Hwamt
scine5 on oas helle aefter hwmat
Pisse uneailican weor-
ulde?" Hi waron hamdre
Ba sprecende, Pa helware, him betweonum and hi
"Hwaet is oes scinenda and Pes beorhta Pe us haefo mid his
cwmedon:
leohtes leoman? Yfele we sindon her in gebegane. Hwaet, we nu
waron faegne,Pet2 we us [P. 297]moston bediglan on ussum scraefum,3
Pet he us ne swencte mid his nidbaoe! we witon Paet
mamgnis4 Hwamt,
nefre aer ne weas noanig to Pes Pristig Paet he lifigende into us eode.5
Taliga5 we hwePere he heonon hworfebutan usse wrace? Hwet, we
witon Pet nafre Ir in middangeard oy lic [we] ne gesawun on ure halo!
ne nefrei^erPus wynsum leoht ne com on Pis blindde setl, ne an oisne
[s]weartan seaP. Hwaet, we gehyra8 and geseoP Pet eos arlease
is adumbud, piet is, peos hel and oas wito blindigas, swa hi A~rne
siniJe6
dydon! ne Pas sawla ne sprancetao under ussum slagum; nel hi ne
bifigao ne ne forhtigaS. Hwaet, we Paot Pes scinenda is to oan
hider cyme,Puethe nere8 Pas saula! gesio0
He reafao Pas helle, ne wile he her
wunian mid us on Pissum wite."
And her eft 1ats'Pa helware Pus reonodon Pa ordfremme
stageo werod. Adam and his cyn hi Pat
folecand Peetgeswencede feollon to ures
Domine fotonand wependum wordumhi cwaedon: " Drihten,genere us
of bissumnwitum, Paet nefre diofulu ofer us ne seo9 after be." -Da se
stranga wi stranga germesde, Pa ure Drihten acom and ealdor
Pene'o
dioful"1 geband Pat miht
and treed under his fotum [and] Pamsdiofules
lytlode. And ure Domine nam Pa Adam be his handa and teah hine up
of Paerehelle and ealle ba halgan saula Pe baron waeron. And on bene
daeg, oe nu to-daeg is, micelne here'" Para halegra saula he Iedde mid
him up of Bare helle and brohte to heofenumand gefylde Pa setl mid
Pam saulum be lange Oerweste stodon.
"Swioe us is Bonne to gePencanne,"cwma5se writtere,"nu13 men Sa
leofestan, paet ure Drihten hafao eft gePingod heder on Pisne mid-
dangeard on formaneasterniht to Pan Poet he ealre Pisse worulde ende
gesetteo, swa ure Drihten silfe cwae, [P. 2981s]'Ic cyme and mina meda
mid me bringe.' He siPao, ure Drihten, on Pisne middangeard, mid
micelre egesan cymeo. Sunne and monan Pistriao,and steorran
fealla5
on eoroan, and hefenas gefealdene swa o0ere bec. And he sendeo
beo0
Penne, ure Drihten, his engelas feower,and hi blawa5 feower byman
1 MS, In. 2bcetabove a blotch in MS. 3The word has been corrected in MS.
4So MS. 5 It is difficultto make out the eo on account of a blot in MS.
6 MS reading is more like sinid than smid. 7 MS, Ne. 8MS, ~a.
9 MS reading seems to be feo, rather than seo.
10Possibly Pane in MS. 11 i above line in MS. 12MS, here hepara.
13MS reading might be onne or oune or nu ne.
611
34 WILLIAM H. HULME
aot feower sceatum Pisses middangeardes. Donne siPan pa byman

geblawen habbao, P et naefrefis ne fugel ne woeterne wilde dyor ne fyr,
ne ne fela wihta to Pan wide Pamsmannes lichaman ne toduleO on Pisse
worulde on his eagan breohtme,Ponne bia eos eorSe eft swa niwe swa
1
hio woas Py d'ge Pe hi God geworhte. D)onne seo saul and se' lichama
byoo gegadrode, and hi Arisa5 Ponne up of eoroan and gao foroto
Pere
Pan dome; and sySan Pios eoroe forbyrne5mid eallum hire gestreonum
and gemilt nyPer in2 helle. And sit ure Domine on his heahsetle, and
he hafao his rode him an handa, and hio lyhteo oferealne Pisne mid-
dangeard, and hio bio blode bestroden,swa hio waes Py daege Pe he 5n
Prowode; and Pa wunda byoo swa opena and swa nyweswa hi waron Py
daege Pe he Iudas an his lichaman geworhte. Fyr byrneo beforanDriht-
enes heahsetle, and eall manna cyn sceal byrnan on ver hi to
Pam fyre,
oam dome gangen, hi sin Pe beortranand Pe clenran beforanCristes
Pat
eagena gesyhoe. Ond ponne Godes engelas aelces mannes wore,
Ararda
swa god swa yfel,swa hi ar gewyrhthabbao. Hi standao, pa men,aet
Pam dome Pe him her nu oa ne hirao, ne his larae3 ne gimao. Hi
bio0
swioe beofiende4and wepende, and hira weorSung Paerne bi pe mare Pe
her on worulde Paes maetestanPeowes. Ia deman and oa ealdormen Penu
earmra manna eahta nidinga nima5 and gegripa5 [and] [P. 299] his worc
cettaP and hate ePiao and fnamstniaoS; and hi sweetaoblode, and him Paer
ne biWnvenigclaennisseald, ne reft (ramst ?).
+Daetla bio se bitera dei'g and se strange daeg. IBat la bio bealluis'
dig and biman dig, cyrmes daeg and cerfulnesse daeg. Daet la bia
nearonessedag and earfobnyssedag; and iNet5la biN se bifenda' domes
dag eallum mannumto gebidanne. Hi ga I Ponne 8a Godes engelas and
asceada I Pa gedefan saula fram Pan synfulum,and hi settai gode on Pa
swi[O]ranhealfe and Pa synfulanon Pa winstranhealfe. And he hwyrfP
hine ponne on Pa wynstran,ure Domine, and he bi ponne sprecende to
eallum Pan synfullum mannum, efne swa hes to anum men cweie and
sprece. And he cwae, "Eala, Pai man! hwat, ic be geworhte minum
handum, P1at Pu were me sylfum to anlicnysse! Ic Pe gestaiolode on
[n]eorsnawanges wuldure, Pa Ou mine ~a leoflican bebodu forhogodest
and Pu hyrdestio swicendumswiior Ponne Paetgescope. An Pane folgao
Pu forworhtest,Ie ic pe ansende, and Awearp of ban wuldre to deaoe.
Da ic me geeaomedde to Pan P1atic gesohte famnanede lichaman inno5,
and ic woasgeboren Purh mines ece gebyrd forPe, and cildlica sceama ic
geiafode and eal menisc sar ic orowode, and ic gepafode Paet me man
mid bradum handum slogh on min nebb, and ful spatl man spau on min
neb, and ecced and geallan ic birigde; and me man swang mid swipan,
1Above line in MS. 2MS, In. 3So MS. 4MS, heofiende?
5Written out in MS. 6 in bealluis above line in MS. 7MS, bipenda.
8Above line in MS.
612
and pyrnenne helm man sette on min heafod, and ic let mine sidun
PurhPyrlian,Paeric Pe of deaBe nerede.
"Loca nu and geseoh Para wunda swaBe and Para nagla dolh Pe min
lichama waos mid Purhdrifen. Eal Pas sar ic gearowode forBe, Paeric
tilode 300]Paet' ~u an hefenumrixsode. For hwan,21 man, ferlurPu
IF.
Pis eall Be ic for Be geprowode,and far hwan feng Pu unianc? Hwa
wat Pa seminga ic3 nu leng be minum deane ne sprece? Agif me Pin lif
for-Panic min lif far 8e sealde. For hwan besmite Pu me mid Pinum
synnum, and P1et templ Pe ic me sylfum gehalgode? Da sealdest Pu
diofolle hus Paer ic me restan pohte. Far hwan bescridest Pu oe nu to
dawgheofona rices gefean? Me wawssio rod Pinra synna micele hefigra
Ponne me waeresio rod Pe ic on acweald waws.
"Ic cweie nu to eow, gewitao ge awirgede framme in Pawtecce fyr;
and ic eow betyne to daag heofona rices duru togeanes, swa ge betyndon
eowra dura togenes pearfum8[e] an mine naman to eow cigdon. Nelle
ic gehiran to dawgeowre stefnePe ma be ge woldon gehiran Paes earman
stefne."
Hi fo8 ponne,Pa deoflo,to ban saulum and ladaO into helle. Donne
arist Sancta Maria and hio gae8 foro and hio annih5 to ussum Halende,
and hio bide1P awthe hire forgife Pane Briddan dal Ias forporhtan
weredes. And he alifeo hire,and hio gaeo Ponne and dscaetoPane Prid-
dan dael Para saula and geset gode on Pa swioran healfe.
Donne arist Sanctus Michael and he gwa foroand he nih5 to ussum
Halende, and he bid Pzethe him forgifePone Briddan del PIas forwyrh-
tan weredes. And he Alifeo him, and he gaoI Ponne and Pane
priddan del Para saula [and] geset gode on swiaran hand. scawt
Donne arist Sanctus Petrus and he gma foroand he niho to ussum
Drihten, and he bit paot he him forgyfePane priddan dal Pes [for]-
wyrhtanweredes. And4 he alyfeo him, and he gaeo Ponne [p.s30] and
ascaet8 priddael ara saula and geset gode on Ba swioran healfe.
AndPane
nimao panne Pa deofolo oa lafe and laeda8 to helle, and he gaep
Ponne aafter,Sanctus Petrus, and belice Pa helle and wyrp8Pa caege on
Pone grund, Pa naefresiooan gode angeminde ne cuma8. He wyrfo
hine oanne, ure Drihten,on Pa swioran healfe to ban gedefummannum.
And heI cwio: "IBa me hingrede,Pa sealde ge me mete; Pa me Pyrste,Ba
sealde ge me drincan; Pa ic waos nacod, Pa gyredige6me; Pa ic aeliodig
[waes], Pa anfengon ge min; Pa ic woes' untrum, Pa fandode ge min."
And hi Ponne cweoao: "Domine, hwanne waes p t aefre,Poet ou
Pes
byhofodes?" And him Ponne andswarao ure Drihten and cwio: "Donne
ge sealdon oan earman Ponne afeng ic Paereaelmyssan." And he ariseo
1 Writtenout in MS. 5h above line in MS.
2h above line in MS. 3MS, Ic. 6y above line in MS.
4and above line in MS. 7wces above line in MS.
613
36 WILLIAM H. HULME
ureDrihtenof Oan dome,and he fereOPonneuppe to hefenumand ba

ealle mid him be nu her an middangeardea~esrices girna and aefter
earniaOand ure Dominesbebodu healdaO. And se DrihtenlifaOand
ricsaPmid federand mid suna and mid Pan halgan gaste a worulda,a
woruldA butanaenegumende. Amen.
WILLIAM H. HULME.
WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY,
Cleveland,
O.
614

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579] 1 [MODERN PHILOLOGY, April, 1904

In the summerof 1901 I was able to study thoroughlyand to

of date and authorship,it will be well to give a brief historyof

B. Assmann' likewise places it in the twelfthcenturyon account

versions A and B, and to a possible older original. The lacuna

included among the benefactionswhich Bishop Leofric made to

or the beginning of the twelfthcentury,and it is in reality a

1Das Evangelium Nicodemi, p. 13; cf. Grundriss,p. 498.

connection: "1SoO hit is poet ic hine abaed and on clenen syn-

barefootup and down,threateningthe flameswith bisson rheum;"

out; I noticed only one instance of cwead;' 30, read andswarode.

agrees with C). The variants do not include differentformsof

(2) Homilia, Repleatur os meum laude ut possum cantare,'

behyddan' buten Nichodemus, ane,2for-pan-pehe w~es an ealdor of3pan

1A has Pcer der hig woldon (482,2), for and behyddan.

unsegeloden and mid' Pan caigen pa locan unlucan. Ac heo paerinne

1A, and fa ccegan, and fa.duru geopenigende(484,1).

for-Pan-Pewe woerononfyrhte,1' P1t we peerlagen swylcewe deade wreron

PIat Pa coempen1seaigden Paetse Haelend of dea5 arise. Ac waeron2his

wunigende.' We wyten paetwe gesyneged habbeo, aegoer gea ongean2

Simeon se rihtwise' mid blisse heom to 'WuldrieO one

1A, Se wytegaPa Sym. heomeallum geblyssigendum(496,26).

1C omits and ces deades heretoga. 2A, toP ere (498,28).

1A, ge me gePe (500,23). 2swa not in A. 3A, da deadan fram me (500,25).

he scolde' of heofone to eorSe and Paer geheren Pa geomerunga his

SA,Pcet se sylfa Drihten wolde of heofenumon eordan beseon(504,17).

on heora heorten,Paet heo Pone Haelend onhengen? And Pu nu Purh

" AlmihtigI1God betaehte vPaAdam Michaele, pan hehangle, and 2 he

Diss waron Pa halige' geryne Pe2 Carinus and Leuticius awriten.2

sealden,and hwuheo hineanhengenand on byrigelealegden,and hwu

IV. A HOMILY ON THE HARROWING OF HELL.

1Emendations to MS are in brackets: resolutions, except fcet, and, are in italics.

Drihten,astahg furiur in' Pa helle mid his leohtes leoman, o5 he

aot feower sceatum Pisses middangeardes. Donne siPan pa byman

ureDrihtenof Oan dome,and he fereOPonneuppe to hefenumand ba

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