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Implementation of 4S Program of Sta. Rosa City as Response to Dengue Epidemy

A Research Project Presented

To Labas Senior High School

In Partial fulfilment of the

Requirements for 3i's
Inquiries, Investigations, and Immersion

By
Capuchino, Jerome V.
Dela Cruz, Jc
Marasigan, Harold

GAS 12 COURAGE
Mr. Kerr R. Zamora, MEM
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Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

The topic is all about the Implementation of 4s Program of Sta Rosa City as

Response to Dengue Epidemy.

The 4S stands for Search & destroy mosquito breeding places; use Self-protection

measures; Seek early consultation for fever lasting more than 2 days; and Say NO to

indiscriminate fogging.

According to DOH Secretary Paulyn Ubial ( 2016 ), the recent approval of the WHO

to the use of dengue vaccines is not enough reason for the public to just rely solely on

“Dengvaxia” to protect them versus dengue.

As stated by Ubial ( 2016 ),Dengue and other mosquito-borne diseases may be

prevented if we put our collected efforts and start our actions within our homes through

the ‘4s campaign’.

Based on the latest data from the DOH, there are already 66,299 dengue cases

recorded from January 1 to July 16.

The figure is 22.9 percent higher compared to the same period as last year, which is

53,938.
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Implementation of 4s Program of Sta Rosa City as Response to Dengue Epidemy is

the title of the study so it only focuses on how does the 4s program help to lessen the

dengue epidemy in Sta Rosa City and to determine if the health officials and people in

the community is implenting it properly and participating in the said program kontra

dengue.

Currently, The City Government of Santa Rosa, Laguna As the Department of Health

declared National Dengue Alert last July 15, 2019, local government units were urged to

immediately take actions and disseminate information in their communities in order to

stop or prevent the spread of dengue.

Therefore, this study will help to determine the effectiveness of implementing the 4s

program kontra dengue in decreasing the rate of dengue epidemy in Sta Rosa City.

Background of the Study

Being healthy implies full strength and vigor as well as freedom from signs of

disease. Healthy is somehow related to the word ‘Disease’. It can be any diseases

that we get from our environment. In considering the top most of the diseases today

people are very familiar to ‘Dengue’. Dengue is fast emerging pandemic-prone viral

disease in many parts of the world. Dengue flourishes in urban poor areas, suburbs

and the countryside but also affects more affluent neighborhoods in tropical and

subtropical countries.

Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral infection causing a severe flu-like illness and,

sometimes causing a potentially lethal complication called severe dengue. The

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incidence of dengue has increased 30-fold over the last 50 years. Up to 50-100

million infections are now estimated to occur annually in over 100 endemic countries,

putting almost half of the world’s population at risk.

Therefore due to this cases, Department of Health ( DOH ) made a kontra

dengue program called 4s which means Search and Destroy, Seek immediate

consultation, Say "NO" to indiscriminate fogging and lastly self-protection measures.

So to drive down the risk of dengue, the health officers has been campaigning

the 4S Strategy which include Search and destroy of mosquito breeding sites; Self-

protective measures like using of insect repellents daily and wearing of light-colored

clothes, long sleeves, and long pants; Seek early consultation to the nearest health

care facility once signs and symptoms are manifested; and Support fogging, spraying

and misting only in hotspot areas where increases in case is registered for two

consecutive weeks to prevent an impending outbreak.

So, the main point of this research of this research is to determine the efficiency

of implementing the 4s program on decreasing the rate of dengue patients here in

Barangay Labas City of Santa Rosa Laguna. And to evaluate how this 4s program

helped the community to prevent dengue spreading in their community.

The aim of this study was to determine the role of community participation and

effects of 4s program in prevention of dengue fever which is also a viral disease. It

seeks on how the 4s program helps the community to prevent and control the
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dengue fever. To figure out the awareness of people and improvements of the

community.

Also, through this research it can determine how many people are save from

dengue virus while implementing this program

Theoretical Framework

According to a Former Scientist Halstead (2017) insisted for decades that

dengue antibodies were responsible when people who had the virus develop severe

and fatal infections the second time around. Dengue is transmitted via the bite of

mosquitoes that carry the viruses. It is an unpleasant disease that can cause high

fever, severe headache, and joint and muscle pain. But in some people, it can also

cause small blood vessels to leak, which can lead to failure of the circulatory system,

shock, and death. Severe disease can happen with any dengue infection but is more

common on the second.

According to Harris (2017) the idea that some antibodies could be more

dangerous than the antibodies counterintuitive and antibodies supposed to be

protective.

According to Remy (2014) the co-existence of four different Dengue virus

serotypes renders difficult the obtaining of full protective immunity against each one

of them. On the contrary, these serotypes trigger significant cross-reactivates of

antibodies and T cells, both of which may lead to disease enhancement when

reactivated in the context of reinjection with a heterogonous serotype. Several

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immunological concepts have been developed to explain disease enhancement, and

the uncertainty around the topic has consequently slowed down the development of

Dengue vaccines. A better understanding of Dengue virus immunopathogenesis is

critically needed to optimize candidate vaccines including those currently under

development. In particular, the results from large-scale human efficacy trials will offer

outstanding opportunities to refine correlates of protection and design even more

effective vaccines.

According to World Health Organization (WHO) dengue is the top most fast

spreading disease Dengue fever can develop into dengue haemorrhagic fever, or

severe dengue, which is a more acute form of the disease. Severe dengue can

include symptoms such as bleeding under the skin and constant vomiting. It

continues to be a dangerous threat to global health. Dengue viruses can be grouped

into four serotypes, all of which can cause disease. Prior infection with one dengue

serotype is believed to make people more likely to develop severe dengue in later

infections.

In relation to the study, those people are very prone to dengue Viruses and

Diseases are those that don’t have a clean environment and area. The people that

has a dengue on the past are the one that has more chance to develop severe cases

of viruses and diseases, this can be pass by a mosquito bite. The people in the

community must clean the places that they have, especially after the rains and water

that left behind or stagnated water from bottles, wheels etc. It is important to be

aware and have a little knowledge at this time.

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Conceptual Framework

1. To what extent do
the following
dimensions of 4s the
following terms help to
lessen the increasing Survey question
rate of dengue
epidemy in the
community
1.1 Search and
Destroy Interviews
1.2 Self- protection
measures
1.3 Seek early
consultation
1.4 Say yes to fogging/ Efficient 4s
spraying? Program

2. What are the

Statistical treatment
manifestation that 4s
program is properly of the data
implemented
community?

3. In what way does 4s

helps to treat the
dengue epidemy in Sta
Rosa City?

4. What are the Presentation analysis

difficulties experienced and Interpretation of
by the people in the data
community during the
implementation of 4s
program in the
community?

Feedback

Figure 2: Conceptual Framework of the Study

For the input of this study, the researchers will go to determine the profile of the

respondents to age, gender and the location. The process will undergo statistical
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treatment to gather data through survey questionnaires to have a presentation,

analysis and interpretation of data. And lastly for the output, researchers are

expecting to come up with of Labas Senior High School Students.

Statement of the Problem

1. To what extent do the following dimensions of 4s the following terms help lessen
the increasing rate of dengue epidemy in the community

1.1 Search and Destroy

1.2 Self- protection measures
1.3 Seek early consultation
1.4 Say yes to fogging/ spraying?

2. What are the manifestation that 4s program is properly implemented community?

3. In what way does 4s helps to treat the dengue epidemy in Sta Rosa City?

4. What are the difficulties experienced by the people in the community during the
implementation of 4s program in the community?

Scope and Delimitations

This research will tackle about the efficiency of 4s program in decreasing the

rate of dengue patients here in Barangay Labas City of Santa Rosa Laguna. It also

includes the collecting of data about the dengue patients and how 4s program

helped to prevent dengue virus infect. It excludes personal life such as occupation,

educational background, financial capability and status level of their family. Also, it

excludes how severe the dengue was.

Significance of the Study

To the Department of Health, it will provide a database of information of knowing

the effectiveness of the 4s program in preventing the increasing rate of dengue.

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To the Community, it will give a set of information and safety tips that might help

them on preventing dengue in their environment.

To the Parents, will have a summary of information that might be helpful for to

prevent dengue virus infecting themselves and their child.

To the Students, it will give awareness that should be practice the safety

measures and precautions could prevent dengue virus.

To the Researchers, to assess the knowledge about dengue and preventive

measures, to know association of awareness about dengue determinants of

knowledge of dengue.

To the Future Researchers, it will have database of information, related

literatures when constructing a related topic.

Definition of Terms

The following terms are both conceptually and operationally defined:

4S program - According to Sunstar (2016), The 4s stands for Search & destroy

mosquito breeding places and in the study, this is one of the variables in the study

which is independent.

Environment – Based on the WorldFinance(2019) It is the sum total of all

surroundings of a living organism, including natural forces and other living things,

which provide conditions for development and growth as well as of danger and

damage and in the study, this is the area in the society where our respondents must

clean.
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Efficiency – According to Investopedia(n.d.), it signifies a level of performance that

describes using the least amount of input to achieve the highest amount of output; in

conceptually defined this is the possibility of the study if it is effective.

Dengue - As said by Shiel(n.d.),it is also known as Dengue fever, an acute mosquito-

borne viral illness of sudden onset that usually follows a benign course with headache,

fever, prostration, severe joint and muscle pain, swollen glands (lymphadenopathy)

and rash and the cause of the disease in the study.

Safety Measures – As stated on Educalingo (2019), in the dictionary is a measure

taken to increase or ensure safety or protection from danger and the respondents that

needs to be followed.

Mosquitoes – According to Vocabulary(n.d), it is a tiny stinging insect that leaves an

itchy welt on your skin. Between its annoying bites and its ability to spread disease,

the mosquito is not the most popular of insects , In the study this is the causes of

diseases and viruses to the patients.

Respondents – Based on Lexico(2019), A person who replies to something,

especially one supplying information for a questionnaire or responding to an

advertisement., In the study this is the barangay officials that we need to interview.

Disease – According to Encyclopaedia Britannica(2019) any harmful deviation from

the normal structural or functional state of an organism, generally associated with

certain signs and symptoms and differing in nature from physical injury , this is the

cause for the researchers to implement the program to prevent.

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CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE