Republic of the Philippines

Bicol University
COLLEGE OF NURSING
Legazpi City

Name: Shala Dennice P. Fuentes Level II- A Date ______________

CHAPTER 8: REPRODUCTIVE ISSUES

1.) Outline the distinction between “human” and “person” and the dispute regarding
personhood criteria.
 Human: Having a genetic code of a human being is what is essential. Being
human means having characteristic of people as opposed to God or animals or
machines, especially in being susceptible to weaknesses. On the other hand, a
person is a human being regarded as an individual and a member of the moral
community. One becomes a member of the moral community by having
certain characteristics recognized by the community as grounded in moral
status and, in particular, rights.
 Personhood criteria: Personhood is the way that people understand and relate
to each other contributes towards the acknowledgement or development and
maintenance of personhood. Nevertheless, being an actual person in the first
place is important and determining what or who is a person involves setting
boundaries There are various characteristics that might qualify one for
personhood. These characteristics are:
- Consciousness of objects and events
- The ability to feel pain
- Reasoning
- Self-motivated activity
- The capacity to communicate
- A concept of the self
 If an entity were not conscious, it would be difficult to summon any objection to
injuring such an entity.
 Some animal rights theorists make the odd but possibly valid argument that some
adult mammals have rights while human fetuses do not.
 Injured humans who can no longer reason are not persons under this criterion.
 A fetus has standing only when it becomes viable outside the mother.
 Personhood requires some sort of independence from other people, particularly
the mother.
2.) Describe the distinction between the quality of life and life itself.
 Quality of life is an overarching term for the quality of the various domains in
life. It is a standard level that consists of the expectations of an individual or