LIFTING LUG DESIGN - 11945010 -Rev 01

0 - Reactions from STAAD

 10883 "3 DEAD LOADS" 0.091 25547.159 0.302 0 0 0 


 10884 "3 DEAD LOADS" 0.093 23984.669 0.325 0 0 0 
in lbf
 10887 "3 DEAD LOADS" 0.105 22436.153 0.326 0 0 0 
 10888 
 "3 DEAD LOADS" 0.103 20895.353 0.301 0 0 0 

1 - Load

 25547.159
23984.669
k  
 22436.153
lbf
 k  92863.3lbf
 STAAD Reactions on lifting lug

 20895.353
 

ImpactFactor  1.65 Impact factor specified by Customer, this value shall

not smaller than 1.5

ImpactFactor
i  Impact Factor, default is one.
1.5 Please note safety factor of 5 has been applied (using a
factor of 1.8 on AISC allowables results in a factor of
safety of 5 for A36 steel) which typically includes an
effect of impact factor of 1.5.

Nd  2 i  2.2 Nominal Design Factors per ASME BTH-1, ref 3, 3-1.3.1,

based on design category A lifters

Tension  max( k )  i  28.1 kip Rated load for single lug per AISC methods

Plug  max( k )  25.5 kip Rated load for single lug per ASME BTH-1 method

 k
nn
 92.9 kip Total lifting weight
nn  0
1 Thickness of Repad
trp  in
4

3
tp  in t  tp Thickness of Lug plate
4
2 - Design of Bolt

n b  10 Nos of bolts per Lug (connecting to bundle and duct)

d b  1in Diameter of Bolt (connecting to bundle and duct)

Group A: LRFD Condition Threaded

Φrn  31.8kip From table 7-1 Available shear strength of bolt,

Threaded condition

Total strength of connection

Since S.c >Tension
Sc  n b Φrn  318.0  kip
Hence number of bolts are sufficient

Fub  90ksi Grp A Tensile strength, AISC 14 TABLE J3.2

π 2
d
0.62 Fub 4 b
Fvb    13.2 kip Each Bolt allowable shear load, Ref 3 eq 3-41
1.2 Nd 1.26 1.26 factor consider threaded reduction of area

Plug
 19.4 % Check bolt capacity
n b Fvb

2.4 Fub db
Fbb    t  54.7 kip Each Bolt allowable bearing stress, Ref 3 eq 3-42
1.2 Nd 1.26 1.26 factor consider threaded reduction of area

Plug
 4.7 % Check bolt capacity
n b Fbb
3 - Design of Lug Plate

1
d  2in  in  2.1 in d h  d Diameter of the hole (lifting)
8
d Distance from lug plate edge to hole edge, in vertical
e1  3.75in   2.688  in
2 axis, or parallel to load

d Distance from lug plate edge to hole edge, in

a  3in   1.937  in b e  a
2 horizontal axis, or tranverse to load

Fy  36ksi Yield strength of the material

Fu  58ksi Ultimate strength of material

Es  29000  ksi Modulus of Elasticity of Steel

d pin  2in Diameter of Crosby-Shackle Pin

 Check for Edge Distance

Ltear  0.8 d h Unbraced length of the block to be evaluated for tear-out failure
per "Design and Constructions of Lifting Beams" by
David T. Ricker". Conservatively consider the block as a
"cantilever beam".

1.25 Fy
Fbtear  if t  e1
Nd

otherwise
Allowable bending stress of the block to be evaluated for tear-
1.25 Fy Ltear e1 0.08 Es out failure per Section 3-2.3.3 ASME BTH-1.
if 
Nd 2 Fy
t
  Ltear e1  Fy Fy 1.25 Fy 0.08 Es Ltear e1 1.9 Es
min1.52  0.274      if  
2  Es Nd Nd  Fy 2 Fy
  t    t
1.9 Es
otherwise
 Ltear e1 
Nd 
2 
 t 

Ltear  1.700  in Fbtear  20.5 ksi

Plug d h Minimum required distance from edge of hole to edge of lug

amin  parallel to the load direction per "Design and Constructions of
1.67 Fbtear t Lifting Beams" by David T. Ricker"

amin Minimum edge distance check for hole.

 75.1 %
be Value must not exceed 100%

3.1 Geometric Guidelines

RULE 1:-

The dimension "a" must be greater than or equal to half the hole
diameter, d.

d
Rule_1  "OK" if a 
2 Rule_1  "OK"
"NOT OK" otherwise

RULE 2:-
The dimension "e1" must be greater than or equal to 0.67 times the
hole diameter, d.

Rule_2  "OK" if e1  0.67 d

"NOT OK" otherwise Rule_2  "OK"
 3.2 Evaluation based on Failure Modes

Failure Mode 1: Tension failure on both sides of hole for ultimate tensile load

Pu  ( 2  a)  tp Fu  168.6  kip

Factor of safety for lifting components

Pu
Pw1  FOS  5.0 Pw1  33.7 kip Allowable Tensile load
5

d 
 pin   dpin2 Ref 3 Eq. 3-46
Cr  if  0.9 1  1  0.275  1   1.0000
 dh  2 
   d 
h 

  Fu d h 
b eff  min4  t b e  b e 0.6    1.937  in Ref 3 Eq. 3-47 & 3-48
  Fy b e 

Fu
Ft  Cr
1.2 Nd Allowable tensile stress through the pin hole per Ref 3 Eq. 3-45

Plug
ft 
 2 beff  t Tensile stress at pin hole (Local stress)

ft
 40.01  % Tensile stress check.
Ft Value must not exceed 100%
Failure Mode 2: Bearing failure at the pin/lifting lug interface.

Fb  0.9 Fy  32.4 ksi Bearing stress

FOS1  1.8 FOS for bearing

Fb  tp  2  trp  d pin

Pw2 
1.8

Pw2  45.0 kip Bearing strength

1.25 Fy Allowable bearing stress (Eq. 3-53) for Service Class 0 and will
Fp   20.5 ksi
Nd not rotate under load.

Plug
fp   10.2 ksi Bearing stress of pin hole at the contact
d pin  t  2  trp region with pin shackle

fp Bearing stress check.

 50.0 %
Fp Value must not exceed 100%.
 Failure Mode 3: Block shear failure mode for individual bolts

 d pin 
ϕ  55    deg  51.8 deg Angle locating the shear planes
 dh  (Fig. C3-3 Ref 3) (Eq. 3-52)

 d pin  2
Av  2  e1   ( 1  cos( ϕ) )  t  4.6029 in Total area of two shear planes beyond the
 2  pin hole. ( Ref 3 Eq. 3-51)

0.4 Fy Av
Pw3   36.8 kip Block shear strength
1.8

Tension
 76.3 %
Pw3 Block shear strength

0.70 Fu
Pv   Av Allowable shear stress beyond the pin
1.2 Nd hole (Ref 3 Eq. 3-50)

Plug
 36.1 % Shear stress check. Value must not exceed 100%.
Pv

Fracture Stress at Pin Hole (ASME BTH-1, Section 3-3.3.1)

Fu
Ffr  Cr Ref 3 Eq. 3-49
1.2 Nd
Plug
ffr 
 0.92 b e 
1.13 e1   t
  be   Fracture stress beyond the pin hole
1 
 
  dh  
ffr
 39.1 % Fracture stress check. Value must not
Ffr exceed 100%.
Failure Mode 4: Tensile failure as pin tries to push out a block of steel through edge of lug plate
Assuming a block steel 0.8d in length, allowable load i given by

2 tp
1.67 0.67 Fy e1 
d
Pw4   57.0 kip Tensile strength
1.8

Failure Mode 6:- Tension rupture of the connecting members:

d b  1.0 in Diameter of bolt

CCspacing  3.5in C-C spacing of holes (connecting to

bundle and duct)
3   d b
 85.714 % c-c spacing per AISC 14 J3
CCspacing

( 6in  3.5in)
EdgeSpacing   1.3 in edge distance , in horizontal axis, or tranverse to
2 load

1.25in
 100.0  % edge distance per AISC 14 J3
EdgeSpacing
 1.1in
ab  EdgeSpacing   0.7000 in Net edge distance to the bolt hole (tension)
2

dh
eb  3.75in   2.7 in Net edge distance to the bolt hole along the
2 direction of force

p  CCspacing Pitch

cb  p  ( 1.1in) Clear spacing between bolt holes

Fu
F2t 
1.2 Nd Allowable tensile stress through the pin hole
Ref 3 Eq. 3-45
Plug
f2t 
 2 ab  cb  t Tensile stress at pin hole (Local stress)

f2t Tensile stress check.

 40.80  %
F2t Value must not exceed 100%
Failure Mode 7:-

  d  1 in 
  b 
 16  
ebv  1.75in   Net edge distance (shear)
 2 

Anv  ebv tp 2 Anv = net area subject to shear

cb1  CCspacing   d b  in

1
 16 
Ant  min cb cb1  tp Ant = net area subject to tension, in

Agv  ebv   d b  in  0.5  tp 2

1
  16  
 p 1  6in  p

Agt  min p p 1  tp Agt = gross area subject to tension, in2

1
Pw7  min 0.6 Fy Agv  Fu Ant  0.6Fu Anv  Fu Ant  if Fu Ant  .6Fu Anv  44.7 kip
2  1.8
1
min 0.6 Fu Anv  Fy Agt  0.6Fu Anv  Fu Ant  otherwise
2  1.8

Pw7  44.7 kip

Tension
 62.8 % Block shear check
Pw7

Two Possible Path for block shear

 Fy Fu Fu Fu 
Path1  min 0.62  Agv   Ant 0.62  Anv   Ant  61.7 kip Ref 3 3-3.2
 1.2Nd 1.2Nd 1.2Nd 1.2Nd  AISC 14 J4-5

 Fy Agv Fu Fu Anv Fu 
Path2  min0.62     Ant 0.62     Ant
 1.2Nd 2 1.2Nd 1.2Nd 2 1.2Nd 

Path2  50.6 kip Plug

 50.4 % Block shear check
min( Path1 Path2)

P  min Pw1 Pw2 Pw3 Pw4 Pw7 Pw1  33.7 kip

Pw2  45.0 kip
 83.4  Pw3  36.8 kip
 62.4 
Tension   Pw4  57.0 kip
  76.3   %
 Pw1   49.3  Pw7  44.7 kip
 
 Pw2   62.8 
 Pw3 
  P  33.7 kip Tension  28.1 kip
 Pw4 
P 
 w7  Safety  "Safe" if P  Tension  "Safe"
"Unsafe" otherwise

Safety  "Safe"
Reference
1. David T. Ricker, "Design and Construction of Lifting Beams", Engineering Journal, 4th
Quarter, 1991.

2. AISC Manual of Steel Construction (ASD), Ninth Edition, 1989

3. ASME BTH-1 2014