CHAPTER I: THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING | UMAHON, M.P.C.

CHAPTER I

The Problem and Its Background

1.1 Background of the Study

A healthy nation they say is a wealthy nation. Healthcare is important to the

society because people get ill, accidents and emergencies do arise and the hospitals are

needed to diagnose, treat and manage different types of ailments and diseases. Many of

people’s aspirations and desires cannot be met without longer, healthier, happy lives.

The healthcare industry is divided into several areas in order to meet the health needs of

individuals and the population at large. All over the world, the healthcare industry would

continue to thrive and grow as long as man exists hence forming an enormous part of

any country’s economy.

Metro Manila is known for being the pioneer when it comes to the civilization here

in the Philippine with the highest density of population, industrial buildings and vehicle.

Since there are very few remaining large-scale parcels of land left in Metro

Manila, available space is being maximized by builders to broaden or to develop the

nearby city to become a more diversified citiy.

The south is no longer as provincial as city dwellers used to think. Comparable to

the Fort used to be merely military bases and is now a centres for business, commerce,

and entertainment the scale of development is continuing to migrate south. Major

businesses such as call centers and even multinational corporations have set up

headquarters in the business parks in the area. Lifestyle and entertainment areas are

also expanding and giving southerners many options to enjoy their leisure time on the

weekends. With all these reasons it is easy to see why developers are keeping an eye

on the south and people, business, commerce, lifestyle centers, healthcare centers are

moving southward.

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 The Philippine health care system has rapidly evolved with many challenges through

time. Health service delivery was devolved to the Local Government Units (LGUs) in 1991, and

for many reasons, it has not completely surmounted the fragmentation issue.

Cancers figure among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide,

with approximately 14 million new cases and 8.2 million cancer related deaths in

2012 (WHO). More than 60% of world’s total new annual cases occur in Africa, Asia and

Central and South America. These regions account for 70% of the world’s cancer

deaths (WHO). It is expected that annual cancer cases will rise from 14 million in 2012

to 22 within the next 2 decades (WHO).

Cancer is one of the four epidemic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) or

lifestyle-related diseases (LRDs) which include cardiovascular diseases, diabetes

mellitus, and chronic respiratory diseases. According to Dr. Antonio Miguel Dans in his

paper “Introduction to Non-Communicable Diseases” in August 2014, the NCDs are now

considered a “silent disaster” of massive proportion that is ravaging the Filipino

population, killing 300,000 victims a year, 800 every day, and 33 every hour. Its toll on

lives is likened to “two 747 planes packed with passengers crashing every day”. Those

NCDs share common risk factors, such as tobacco use, unhealthy diet, insufficient

physical activist and the harmful use of alcohol

Cancer remains a national health priority in the country with significant

implications for individuals, families, communities, and the health system. Cancer is the

third leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the country after diseases of the heart

and the vascular system (Philippine Health Statistics 2009). Among Filipino men, the 6

most common sites of cancer diagnosed in 2010 (Globocan) were lung, liver,

colon/rectum, prostate, stomach, and leukemia. Among Filipino women the 6 most

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common sites diagnosed were breast, cervix, lung, colon/rectum, ovary and

liver. Furthermore, 189 of every 100,000 Filipinos are afflicted with cancer while four

Filipinos die of cancer every hour or 96 cancer patients every day, according to a study

conducted by the University of the Philippines’ Institute of Human Genetics, National

Institutes of Health.

In response to this growing and alarming epidemic of cancer, there is a need to

strengthen and create a center/ cancer facility that will help cater all the needs of the

cancer patient in a very holistic way.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

The problems for this study included five major problems and three minor problems

which were structured to further offer insights to the major problem.

1.5.1 Major Problems

1.5.1.1 What is the best and suitable design for the proposed commercial hub that

attends the needs of the people in Biñan?

1.5.1.2 In pursuing the study, what are the factors that can affect the design and

development of the proposed project?

1.5.1.3 How will the project affect the related industries along the nearby cities?

1.5.2 Minor Problems

1.5.2.1 In what ways will the development re-establish the city in terms of its

decentralization of growth and decrease in overall congestion of town center?

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1.5.2.2 The competition of the development with its neighbouring city is greatly affecting

the proposed project. How will the proposed project stand out from the rest?

1.5.2.3 What are the amenities needed to ensure the populace a more comfortable and

better shopping point?

1.3 Significance of the Study

Through this study, the proposed hospital will boost and improve the city of Santa

Rosa. It will also benefit the following:

To the community members of Santa Rosa, the proposed treatment center will

provide more job opportunities.

To the city government of Santa Rosa, the study will greatly help increase their

source of income and they might get their name known with regards to the medicinal

industry.

To the future users/patient, the study will provide primary health care service and

facilities that is well-established, innovative, user-friendly and sustainable.

To the future researchers may use the data and information for their related

studies. This study will contribute to share important details pertaining to designing a

treatment center developments and application to the design proper. This study can be

a tool for researchers to improve the city of Santa Rosa

1.4 Objectives of the Study

The objectives of the study are sectioned into two parts such as the project

objectives and the design objectives. This matter is presented for readers to perceive

why the study is conducted.

1.4.1 Project Objectives

The aim of the work construed in this paper is to establish an expedient

pharmaceutic center that will not only attain economic and dynamic structures as well as

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the improvement of the surrounding area and the people around the vicinity. The study

objectives include:

1.4.1.1 To promote the Philippines’ medicative industry enticing foreign and

local business investors.

1.4.1.2 To administer solutions to the existing and future problems that

cancer patients is facing in achieving high qualifications for.

1.4.1.3 To ascertain a cordial liaison with the authority for future ventures

beneficial to the community.

1.4.1.4 To cope up with the business industry demands through providing an

eminent business accommodation that will help the country’s

economic development.

1.4.1.5 To constitute job opportunities for the people of Biñan City, Laguna.

1.4.2 Design Objectives

The study is intended to provide an advanced approach in implementing design

applications that will result to an efficient commercial hub. The following objectives

include provident considerations and goals to be accomplished:

1.4.2.1 To preserve the natural landscape of the site.

1.4.2.2 To incorporate the local climate and indigenous materials that can be

found in the site.

1.4.2.3 To utilize the given scenery, natural resources and landscape in the

design proper.

1.4.2.4 To promote rich culture of the city of Biñan and create a distinct

character in architecture.

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 1.4.2.5 To provide efficient spaces for the future occupants of the

commercial hub.

1.4.2.6 To apply dynamic architecture and interactive architecture that will

complement the site making it the key element of the hub to attract

urbanites to patronize the commercial hub, also considering the

implementation of green architecture to the design.

1.4.2.7 To set specialized standards for commercial hubs that will help

promote the city of Biñan as a major industrial and urban center.

1.6 Theoretical Framework

“As an architect you design for the present, with an awareness of the past, for a

future which is essentially unknown.”

– Norman Foster

“Architecture should speak of its time and place, but yearn for timelessness”.

– Frank Gehry

Architecture is a design process generating solutions to existing and future

problems with consideration of the history of the area. One should design creating a

distinct recognition of the area and the current time. The design should be timeless.

People should describe the place through their experience on the building/structure

itself. This is the most genuine and sincere description building could receive.

1.7 Conceptual Framework

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 Problems Encountered Principles of Green Buildings

Major Problems: 1. Site and its surroundings

1. Design Approach 2. Energy Efficiency
2. Factors that Affects 3. Water Efficiency
the Proposed Project 4. Material Efficiency
3. Related Industries 5. Indoor Air Quality
4. Planning Strategies 6. Waste Reduction
5. Effects of the 7. Low maintenance costs
Proposed Project

Minor Problems:
1. Ways of Re-
establishing the city
Design Concept: Proposed BPO
2. Competitive Similar
\

Attractions Building, Dormitel

Origami (Form) and Retail Complex
3. Amenities Needed
in Biñan City, Laguna
Fish Scales (Façade)

Input Process Output

Figure 1.0 Conceptual Paradigm

It is envisioned as a globally-competitive business district equipped with state-of-

the-art facilities specifically designed to answer the needs of the BPO industry. The

commercial hub will also launch a retail complex that will feature a unique mix of dining

choices and family-oriented activities and a variety of shops. Establishing tourism in

Biñan, the designer will cater a condotel that will address the needs of accommodation

in the city.

1.8 Scope and Limitation

The study focuses on the proposed commercial hub which includes physical,

environmental, social and economical aspect of the project.

This study comprises the following:

1. Architectural Planning and Design

2. Site Planning

3. Economic Feasibility Study of Development

4. Project Cost and Return of Investment

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 The scopes of the development of the project are the following:

1. BPO Tower

2. Retail Complex

3. Dormitel

4. Central Plaza

5. Administration Building

Delimitations

The proponent focused her study on the architectural aspects, but utilized vital

facts so that it supported the concept or as required. This study was limited on details

regarding engineering works such as detailed mechanical, electrical, structural, seismic

analysis on the reaction of the structure to earthquake, plumbing, sanitary designs, and

specifications writing of materials used unless supporting details were provided to

support the design concept.

1.9 Definition of Terms

The findings of this study were applied in a practical manner as a guide for

designing the proposed commercial hub. Prior to a review of the literature relevant to the

research and design project, definitions are provided for several key terms that are used

throughout this thesis.

The following terms are conceptually or operationally defined to enhance the

understanding of the readers of this study.

Amenity. According to Webster, it is the pleasant or normally satisfactory aspects of a

location which contribute to its overall character and enjoyment of residents or

visitors.

Block Plans. It is a plan showing position of any existing and/or proposed buildings

within a site as a whole. Site levels may also be shown on this plan.

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Business District. A central business district (CBD) is the commercial and business

centre of a city. In larger cities, it is often synonymous with the city's "financial

district".

Business Process Outsourcing. It is the delegation of one or more IT-intensive

business processes to an external provider that, in turn, owns, administrates and

manages the selected processes based on defined and measurable performance

metrics.

Cost-Efficient. It refers to a measure of how effectively parallel computing can be used

to solve a particular problem as defined by Webster.

Departure. It is a proposed development which in not in accordance with the local plan.

Development. It is the carrying out of building, engineering, mining or other operations

in, on, over or under land, or the making of any material change of use of any

buildings or land.

Development Plan. The Development Plan sets out our policies for the development

and use of land within the City. This includes the Structure Plan and the Local

Plan, both of which are important when determining planning applications.

Dormitel. A dormitory is a building that has rooms where students/workers can live as

their real homes are far away from the schools or offices.

Energy-Efficient. It is the goal to reduce the amount of energy required to provide

products and services.

Garden City. It is a method of urban planning that was intended to be planned, self-

contained.

Green Building. It refers to a structure and using process that is environmentally

responsible and resource-efficient throughout a building's life-cycle.

Hierarchy of Development. It is a planning application submitted to the authority will fall

into one of three tiers of decision making. Applications will either be classed as

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 local, major or national developments. The level chosen is related to the scale

and significance of the development.

Hotel. As defined in Webster, it is an establishment that provides lodging and usually

meals, entertainment, and various personal services for the public.

Hub. It is the central and most active part or place.

Interactive Architecture. It can be defined as the total integration of the disciplines of

interaction design and architecture

Infrastructure. They are permanent resources serving society's needs, including roads,

sewers, schools, hospitals, railways etc.

Land Use. It is the human use of land. Land use involves the management and

modification of natural environment or wilderness into built environment such as

settlements and semi-natural habitats such as arable fields, pastures, and

managed woods.

Local Development. These are applications classed as 'local' will normally be

determined under delegated powers given to case officers.

Mixed-use Development. It is any urban, suburban or village development, or even a

single building, that blends a combination of residential, commercial, cultural,

institutional, or industrial uses, where those functions are physically and

functionally integrated, and that provides pedestrian connections.

New Urbanism. It promotes the creation and restoration of diverse, walkable, compact,

vibrant, mixed-use communities composed of the same components as

conventional development, but assembled in a more integrated fashion, in the

form of complete communities.

Townscape. This is the appearance and character of buildings and all other features of

an urban area taken together as a whole.

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Urban Regeneration. It is the reuse or redevelopment of decaying or rundown parts of

older urban areas to bring them new life and economic vitality.

Xeriscape. It is landscaping and gardening that reduces or eliminates the need for

supplemental water from irrigation.

Zoning. It relates to the division of an area into zones, as to restrict the number and

types of buildings and their uses.

1.10 Acronyms

BPO – Business Processing Unit

CBD – Central Business District

CLUDP – Comprehensive Land Use and Development Plan

DENR – Department of Environment and Natural Resources

DILG – Department Interior and Local Government

DOTC – Department of Transportation and Communication

DTI – Department of Trade and Industry

FAR – Floor Area Ratio

HLURB – Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board

IT – Information Technology

LIIP – Laguna International Industrial Park

MPDC – Municipal Planning and Development Coordinator

MPDO – Municipal Planning Development Office

NEDA – National Economic Development Authority

PEZA – Philippine Economic Zone Authority

PNR – Philippine National Railway

SEC – Securities and Exchange Commission

SEZ – Special Economic Zone

SLEX – South Luzon Expressway

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