Welcome to the Bollard Pull Calculator for Barges - Rev 02

What does this Excel Sheet do?

This Excel sheet helps you calculate the Required Bollard pull of a Tug used for towing a Barge

How is the Excel Sheet Organised?

The Excel Sheet provides four different methods for calculations.

The First Method is based on DNV rules for Marine Operations. This is contained in the sheet named "Bollard Pull - DNV"

The Second Method is using industry standard OPL Guidelines for Barge Transportation Vol 5. This is contained in the sheet named "Bollard Pull - OPL Guideline"

The Third Method is based on Bureau Veritas rules and formulas for Bollard Pull Calculations. This is contained in the sheet named "Bollard Pull - BV"

The Fourth method is using a simple Empirical formula. This is contained in the sheet named "Empirical Formula". It provides Bollard Pull for different weather conditions: Calm, Rough and Extreme

How to use this Excel Sheet

In all the three methods, the user is asked for some inputs to be provided. For example, the Wetted Surface area of Barge, Wind Speed etc. The Input cells are highlighted in blue.
The user has to provide all the inputs highlighted in blue.
For some inputs, Tables and charts are required to be referred. These Tables and charts are provided alongwith for the user to enter these inputs.
Once all inputs are provided, the components of required bollard pull are calculated and added up to give the final Bollard Pull required.

Change log Rev 02

1. DNV Formula - Added Wave Resistance now based on DNV-RP-H103
2. References updated for DNV method
3. OPL method - Wave effect resistance is now being automatically calculated, and user need not input it
4. OPL method - some typo errors rectified
 INPUTS REQUIRED BOLLARD PULL CALCULATION FOR BARGES TOW PULL CALCULATION - DNV METHOD
This method is based on DNV Recommended Practice RP-H103 7.2.6 (Applicable for zero towing speed). Cs : Shape Coefficient
GENERAL Spherical 0.4
Shape and Height coefficients are taken from ABS MODU Rules 2016
Parameter Notation Value Units Cylindrical 0.5
Air Density ρa 1.225 kg/m3 Wind Resistance, F W = FWH + FWC Large flat surface (hull, deckhouse, smooth under deck areas) 1
Summary: This method calculates the Required Bollard Pull to hold the tow in a given Sea State. The Standard Sea State
Sea Water Density ρw 1025 kg/m3 used is Hs = 5m, Current = 1 kn and Wind =40 Kn. Directions: The applicability of the method is shown in the box titled FWH = Wind Resistance for Hull Drilling derrick 1.25
Acc. Due to Gravity g 9.81 m/s2 "Applicability Check" on the left. All input cells are in blue. Tug efficiency can be varied. Coefficients Cs and Ch can be FWH = 1/2 x ρa x VW2 x AWH Wires 1.2
obtained from the Tables on the right. FWH 3.88 MT Exposed beams and girders under deck 1.3
BARGE FWC = Wind Resistance for Cargo Small parts 1.4
Parameter Notation Value Units FWC = 1/2 x ρa x VW2 x AWC x Ch x Cs Isolated shapes (cranes, beam, etc) 1.5
Length L 116.00 m
REQUIRED BOLLARD PULL 54.37 MT FWC 0.00 MT Clustered deck houses or similar structures 1.1
Breadth B 36.60 m FW = Total Wind Resistance Table 1: Shape Coefficient
Depth D 7.00 m FW = FWH + FWC 3.88 MT Reference: ABS, 2016, Rules for Building and Classing Mobile Offshore Drilling Units, Part 3 Chapter 1,
Draft (Mid) T 3.00 m Section 3, ‘Environmental Loadings’, p.11.
Type of Bow (1 - Square face, 2 - 3 Cargo Breadth = BC Current Resistance FC
Raked, 3 - Spoon, 4 - Ship Shape)
Freeboard f 4.00 m FC = 1/2 x ρs x CD x VC2 x ACH
Hull Windage Area AWH = B X f 146.40 m2 Fc 1.43 MT Ch: Height Coefficient R: Reflection Coefficients
Hull Underwater Area ACH = B X T 109.80 m2 Height above sea level (metres) Square Face 1.00
Current Drag Coefficient (Hull) CD 1.00 Cargo Height Hc Wave Drift Resistance (FWD)* Over Not exceeding Ch Condeep base 0.97
FWD = 1/8 x ρs x R2 x B x HS2 0 15.3 1 Vertical Cylinder 0.88
Cargo Windage Area AWC= BC X HC Type of Bow (1 - Square face, 2 - Raked,
3
3 - Spoon, 4 - Ship Shape) 15.3 30.5 1.1 Barge with Raked bow 0.67
CARGO Reflection coefficient, R (See Table 3) 0.55 30.5 46 1.2 Barge with Spoon bow 0.55
FD 35.46 MT 46 61 1.3 Ship bow 0.45
Parameter Notation Value Units *Reference: DNV RP-H-103, Sec 7.2.6.4 61 76 1.37
Breadth Overall Bc 0.00 m 76 91.5 1.43 Table 3: Reflection Coefficients
Height Overall Hc 0.00 m Hull Windage Area AWH= B X f
Freeboard, 91.5 106.5 1.48 Reference, DNV-RP-H103, 2011, Table 7-1
Height Coefficient Ch 1.10 See Table 1 Depth, D f = D -T TOTAL RESISTANCE, F T = FW + FC + FD 106.5 122 1.52
Shape Coefficient Cs 1.00 See Table 2 Wind Resistance, F W 3.88 MT 122 137 1.56
Cargo Windage Area AWC = BC X HC 0.00 m2 Current Resistance, F C 1.43 MT 137 152.5 1.6
Hull Underwater Area, ACH = B X T (approx.) Draft ,T
Wave Drift Resistance, F D 35.46 MT 152.5 167.5 1.63
Total Resistance, F T 40.78 MT 167.5 183 1.67
SEA STATE 183 198 1.7
Parameter Notation Value Units TUG EFFICIENCY 198 213.5 1.72
HS
Breadth, B
Wave Height 5.0 m Tug Efficiency, η** 0.75 213.5 228.5 1.75
Current Speed VC 0.5 m/s **Reference: DNV Rules for Marine Operations Pt2 Ch2, Towing, 3.3.2.6 228.5 244 1.77
Wind Speed VW 20.6 m/s 244 259 1.79
Sectional View of Barge with Cargo
REQUIRED BOLLARD PULL (BP = F T / η ) 259+ 1.8
TUG BP 54.37 MT Table 2: Height Coefficient
Parameter Notation Value Units Since Required Bollard Pull < Actual Bollard Pull => OK Use Centre of Area for Above Heights
Actual Bollard Pull of Tug BPT 60.0 MT Reference: ABS, 2016, Rules for Building and Classing Mobile Offshore Drilling Units, Part 3 Chapter 1,
Tug Efficiency η 0.75 Section 3, ‘Environmental Loadings’, p.11.

Change Log (Rev 02)

1. DNV Calculation now based on DNV-RP-H-103, the latest document from DNV which replaces the earlier Rules for Marine Operations (2000)
CALCULATION OF REQUIRED STATIC BOLLARD PULL FOR BARGE: OPL Guidelines
Reference: OPL Oilfield Seamanship Series - Volume 5: Barge Moving
BARGE NAME BARGE 1 Directions:
1. Fill the input cells which are in blue.
TOWING SPEED -----> knots 5.0 2. The outputs will show in the bottom as the final Bollard Pull required.
Actual Bollard Pull of Tug -----> tonnes 60.0
Towing Efficiency in % (Default value 75%) 75.0
Calculation of Frictional Resistance: 3. Use Table 1 for calculating the Height coefficient for Wind
RF = f1 (S)(v/6)2 , lbs. 4. Use Table 2 for finding the Shape Coefficient for wind
Description Unit Value 5. Use Table 3 to calculate the Wave Effect Resistance which depends on the wave height.
Fouling coefficient(0.4 clean hull, 0.85 fouled hull, usually In case the value of Wave Height falls in between two values given in the table, interpolation is to be used
f1 - 0.63
0.625)
Wetted Surface of the Hull S ft2 55553.34
Still water tow speed in knots v knots 5.0
Frictional Resistance RF tonnes 10.94 Factor Ch (Height coefficient for wind calculations)
Calculation of Wave Forming Resistance: Height Unit Factor
RWF = 3.42 (f2)(AT)(v)2 , lbs. 0-50 feet 1
Description Unit Value 50-100 feet 1.1
Hull Shape Coefficient (0.20 for rake ended barges and bluff
bowed vessels and 0.50 for square bowed vessels) f2 - 0.2
100-150 feet 1.2
Transverse Area(Underwater) AT ft2 1181 150-200 feet 1.3
Still water tow speed in knots v knots 5.0 200-250 feet 1.4
Wave Forming Resistance RWF tonnes 9.17 250-300 feet 1.5
300-350 feet 1.6
Calculation for Wind Resistance:
RW = 0.0034 (AT)(vW+v)2 , lbs. Table 1: Cargo Height Coefficient for Wind Calculations
Description Unit Value
Height Coefficient for Cargo Exposed to Wind (See Table 1) Ch - 1
Shape Coefficient for Cargo Exposed to Wind (See Table 2) Cs - 1 Factor Cs (Shape coefficient for wind calculations)
Cargo Transverse Area (Exposed to wind) AC ft2 0.0 Shape Cs
Vessel Transverse Area (Exposed to wind) AH ft2 1575.0 Cylinder 0.5
Total Transverse Area AT ft2 1575.0 Flat Perpendicular Surface 1
Wind Velocity vW knots 40.0 Isolated Structure – Beam-channel angle braces 1.5
Still water tow speed in knots v knots 5.0 Exposed Beams 1.3
Wind force RW tonnes 4.92 Derrick (latticed structures) 1.25
Sphere 0.4
Calculation of Current Effect
RC = 0.016 (S)(vC)2 , lbs. Table 2: Carge Shape Coefficient for Wind Calculations
Description Unit Value
Wetted Surface of the Hull S ft2 55553
Current Speed vC knots 1.0 Wave Height Effect – For wave Force on Hull:
Current Effect Resistance RC tonnes 0.40 Significant Wave Height Added Resistance
5 feet 2000 lbs
Calculation of Wave Effect 10 feet 12000 lbs
From Table 3 15 feet 22000 lbs
Description Unit Value 20 feet 29000 lbs
Wave Height ft 16 25 feet 30000 lbs
Force at 16 feet wave - See Table 3 FWR lbs 23,400 30 feet 33000 lbs
Wave Effect Resistance RWH tonnes 10.62
Table 3: Wave Effect Resistance Table
Calculation of Hawser Resistance:
RH = 0.10 (RF + RWF)
Description Unit Value
Frictional Resistance RF tonnes 10.9
Wave Forming Resistance RWF tonnes 9.2
Hawser Resistance RH tonnes 2.01

OUTPUTS
Calculation of Total Resistance:
RT = RF + RWF + RW + RC + RWH + RH
Frictional Resistance RF tonnes 10.94
Wave Forming Resistance RWF tonnes 9.17
Wind Resistance RWH tonnes 4.92
Current Effect Resistance RC tonnes 0.40
Wave Effect Resistance RWH tonnes 10.62
Hawser Resistance RH tonnes 2.01
Total Resistance RT tonnes 38.1
Tug Efficiency in percentage(Default value 75%) η 75.0
Required Bollard Pull = (RT/η)*100 BP TONNES 50.74
Actual Tug Bollard Pull TONNES 60.00
Satisfied/Not Satisfied? Yes
 CALCULATION OF REQUIRED STATIC BOLLARD PULL FOR BARGE: BV Rules and Formulas Directions:
BARGE NAME: BARGE 1 1. Fill the input cells which are in blue.
2. The output will show in the bottom as the final Bollard Pull required.
INPUTS 3. Use Appendix 1 for calculating the coefficients Cx and Ch
Symbol Value Unit Description 4. Use Graph 1 below for finding the value of Rv/D
L= 116.00 m Waterline Length
B= 36.60 m Breadth
T= 3.00 m Draft APPENDIX 1: Tables for Cx and Ch
V= 5 Kn Vessel Speed (Towing Speed)
Vc = 1 Kn Assumed Current Speed
D= 11463 t Displacement
S= 146.4 m^2 Windage Area
d= 65 mm Tow Line Diameter
l= 700 m Tow Line Immersed Length
Z= 1 m Sag of Tow Line
P= 900 m Tug to Towed Vessel Distance
N= 150 days Number of Days Elapsed Since last Dry Docking
Vfr = 18 Kn Maximum Towing Vessel Speed in Free Run
rsw = 1.025 t/m^3 Sea Water Specific Gravity (default value 1.025)
rair = 1.22 kg/m^3 Air Specific Gravity (default value 1.22)
n= 1.2E-06 m^2/s Viscosity (default value 1.2 10^-6)
Vw = 40 Kn Wind Speed (default value 40)
BPt = 60 Tonnes Actual Bollard Pull of Tug

RESULTS
Symbol Value Unit Description
2
Frictional Resistance Rf Rf = ½ Cf (rsw)(Sw)(v)
R = 298375200 Reynolds Number, R = vL / ν
Cf = 0.001789 Friction Coefficient, Cf = 0.075 / [log10 R)-2]2
DCf = 0.002147 Addition to Friction Coefficient due to Hull Fouling, DCf = 0.008 (N)(Cf)
Cft = 0.004336 Total Friction Coefficient, Cft = Cf + DCf +0.0004
Sw = 4485.44 m^2 Wetted Surface Area
Rf = 94961 N Frictional Resistance
Wave Resistance Rv
L/B = 3.17
B/T = 12.20
V/(L)^0.5 = 0.29
Rv / D = 12.00 (To be taken from the Graph 1 on the right)
Rv = 137556 N Wave Resistance
Total Hydrodynamic Resistance Rh
Rh = 232517 N Total Hydrodynamic Resistance
Aerodynamic Resistance Ra Ra = ½ Cx * Ch * (rair)(S)(Vw)2
Cx = 1 Drag Coefficient(To be taken from the Appendix1 on the right)
Ch = 1 Height Coefficient(To be taken from the Appendix1 on the right)
Ra = 37815 N Aerodynamic Resistance
-3 2
Tow Line Resistance Rr Rr = 4.6 x10 (d)(v) ( l + (71.6 Z/P)) , in Newton
Rr = 1994 N Tow Line Resistance
Total Resistance of Towed Vessel
Rtot = 272325 N
Bollard Pull Coefficients
(V+Vc)/Vfr = 0.33 Graph1: Graph for Values of Rv/D
Cef = 0.67 Percentage of Static Bollard Pull = (1 - (V+Vc)/Vfr)

Total Required Static Bollard Pull for Tug, Rt

Rt = 41.6 T
Actual Bollard Pull for Tug, BPt
BPt = 60.0 T
Satisfied/Not Satisfied Yes
 CALCULATION OF REQUIRED STATIC BOLLARD PULL FOR BARGE: Empirical Formula
FORMULA USED
INPUTS: Please input the following Using Empirical Formula for towing guide by Port Authorities
Description Unit Value
⅔ 3
BARGE NAME BARGE 1 BP = { [ (∆ · (v / (120 · 60)) ] + (0.06B · D1) } · K (tonnes)
Length, L m 116.00
Breadth, B m 36.60 Where:
Displacement, ∆ tonnes 11463.00 ∆ = full displacement of towed vessel, in tonnes
Depth, D m 7.00 v = tow speed, in knots
Draft, d m 3.00 B = breadth of the vessel, in meters
Cargo Height, H m 0.00 D1 = depth of exposed transverse section of the vessel including
Tug Efficiency in percentage(default 75%) 75.00 deck cargo above the water line, in meters
Is it Tow by Stern? Yes/No No
Actual TUG Bollard Pull tonnes 60.00
BP = Required bollard pull, in tonnes
Note: For tow by the stern, then the Bollard Pull requirement is to be increased by 20% K = the factor depending on the likely condition to be met. This factor is
intended to reflect desired weather margins.

OUTPUTS: CALCULATED BOLLARD PULL WITH VARIOUS WEATHER CONDITIONS & TOWING SPEEDS In General: • for exposed tows, K = 1.0 - 3.0
• for sheltered tows, K = 0.75 - 2.0
Description Good Rough Extreme • for protected tows, K = 0.50 - 1.5
Length, L 116.00 116.00 116.00
Towing Speed, V 5.00 4.00 3.00 <---- Please input the different speeds considered for the three weather conditions
Breadth, B 36.60 36.60 36.60
Displacement, ∆ 11463.00 11463.00 11463.00
Depth, D 7.00 7.00 7.00
Draft, d 3.00 3.00 3.00
Cargo Height, H 0.00 0.00 0.00
Exposed Height, D1 4.00 4.00 4.00
Weather Factor, K 1.00 2.00 3.00
Required Bollard Pull as per formula, Rt 17.89 26.89 32.25
Tug Efficiency in percentage(Default 75%), η 75.00 75.00 75.00
Bollard Pull considering Tug Efficiency =
23.85 35.86 43.00
(RT/η)*100
Tow by Stern? No No No
Final Bollard Pull, BP (in tonnes) 23.85 35.86 43.00
Actual TUG Bollard Pull 60.00 60.00 60.00
SATISFIED SATISFIED SATISFIED
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