..............................................................................................

practice test
SECTION II, PART A

45 Minutes • 3 Questions

A GRAPHING CALCULATOR IS REQUIRED FOR SOME PROBLEMS OR PARTS OF

PROBLEMS IN THIS PART OF THE EXAMINATION.

SHOW ALL YOUR WORK. It is important to show your setups for these
problems because partial credit will be awarded. If you use decimal approxi-
mations, they should be accurate to three decimal places.

1. Let R be the region in the first quad- originally was filled to capacity with
rant enclosed by the graphs of 1,500 cubic inches of air. After one
y 5 e2x 1 4 and y 5 3x . hour, there were 1,400 cubic inches
of air left in it.
(a) Sketch the region R on the axes
provided. (a) Express the amount of air in
the tire in cubic inches as a
6
function of time t in hours.
5 (b) A tire is said to be flat if it is
4 2
holding of its capacity or less.
3 3
2 After how many hours would
1 this tire be flat?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 3. Consider the curve defined by 9x2 1

(b) Determine the area of the
region R.
(c) Find the volume of the solid
generated when R is rotated
about the x-axis.
(d) The region R is the base of a
solid. Each cross section perpen-
dicular to the x-axis is an equi-
lateral triangle. Find the
volume of this solid.
2. The rate at which air is leaking out
of a tire is proportional to the
amount of air in the tire. The tire
4y2 2 54x 1 16y 1 61 5 0.
dy 27 − 9 x
(a) Verify that = .
dx 4y + 8
(b) Write the equation for each
vertical tangent line of the
curve.
(c) The points (3,1) and (1,22) are
on the curve. Write the equa-
tion for the secant line through
these two points.
(d) Write the equation for a line
tangent to the curve and
parallel to the secant line from
part C.

END OF SECTION II, PART A. IF YOU HAVE ANY TIME LEFT, GO OVER
STOP YOUR WORK IN THIS PART ONLY. DO NOT WORK IN ANY OTHER PART
OF THE TEST.
..............................................................................................
SECTION II, PART B

45 Minutes • 3 Questions

A CALCULATOR IS NOT PERMITTED FOR THIS PART OF THE EXAMINATION.

4. 6. Let P ( x ) = ln 2 + ( x − 1) −
( x −1)2 ( x −1)3 ( x −1)4
2 + 3 − 4
be the fourth-
degree Taylor polynomial for the
1 2 3 5 6 function f about x 5 1. Assume that f
has derivatives of all orders for all
real numbers.
Above is the graph of the velocity of a
bug crawling along the x-axis over a (a) Find f(1) and f (4)(1).
six-second interval. (b) Write the third-degree Taylor
polynomial for f ′ about x 5 1,
(a) At what time(s) t, 0 , t , 6, and use it to approximate
does the bug change directions? f′(1.2).
Explain your reasoning.
(c) Write the fifth-degree Taylor
(b) At what time t, 0 , t ≤ 6, is the polynomial for
bug farthest from its starting x
g ( x ) = ∫ f (t ) dt about x 5 1.
point? Explain your reasoning. 1

(c) Over what interval(s) is the

bug slowing down?

5. The path of a particle from t 5 0 to

t 5 10 seconds is described by the
( )
parametric equations x (t ) = 4 cos π2 t
( )
and y(t ) = 3 sin π2 t .
(a) Write a Cartesian equation for
the curve defined by these
parametric equations.
dy
(b) Find for the equation in
dx
part A.
(c) Determine the velocity vector
for the particle at any time t.
(d) Demonstrate that your answers
for part A and part B are
equivalent.
(e) Write, but do not evaluate, an
integral expression that would
give the distance the particle
traveled from t 5 2 to t 5 6.

END OF SECTION II, PART B. IF YOU HAVE ANY TIME LEFT, GO OVER
STOP YOUR WORK IN THIS PART ONLY. DO NOT WORK IN ANY OTHER PART
OF THE TEST.
Section II, Part A

1. (a)
6
5
4
R
3
2
1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

(e )
5.346
∫
−x
(b) A = 0
+4− 3x dx
= 8.106

(c) We use the washer method to de-

termine the volume:

( )
5.346 2
= π∫ ⎡ e −x + 4 − 3x ⎤⎥ dx
⎢⎣
0 ⎦
= 160.624

(d) It would be good to know that

the area of an equilateral tri-
angle with side s is given by
3 2 . So, the volume of this
A= 4 s
solid would be given by

3 5.346 e − x + 4 −
( )
2

4 ∫0
V = 3x dx
= 8.511

2. (a) Since the rate of decrease is pro-

portional to the function itself,
we have an exponential function
of the following form:
A(t) 5 Nekt
Since the tire initially had 1,500
cubic inches of air, C 5 1500. We
are given that A(1) 5 1,400:
1,400 5 1500ek

Solving for k,

14
= ek
15
14
ln =k
15
 ..............................................................................................

answers
Substituting this expression for 9x2 1 4(22)2 2 54x 1 16(22) 1
k yields 61 5 0
A(t) 5 1, 500 t ln (14 15) 9x2 2 54x 1 45 5 0

2 x2 2 6x 1 5 5 0
(b) Since of 1,500 is 1,000, we can
3 x 5 1 and x 5 5
substitute 1,000 into the formula
for A(t) and solve for t: So, the equations for the vertical
tangent lines are x 5 1 and
1,000 5 1,500et ln(14/15)
x 5 5.

2 (c) We will first find the slope, write

=e ( )
t ln 14 15
the equation in point-slope form,
3
and then convert to slope-
2 14 intercept form.
ln = t ln
3 15 22 2 1
m5
123
ln 2 3
t= 3 5
ln 14 2
15
3
y −1 =
2
( x − 3)
5 5.877 hours
3 7
y= x−
3. (a) We have to use implicit differen- 2 2
tiation and differentiate with re-
(d) Since the lines are parallel, they
spect to x:
have equal slopes. So, the slope
9x2 1 4y2 2 54x 1 16y 1 61 5

practice test
3
0 of the tangent line is . Now, we
2
need the point(s) on the curve
dy dy
18x + 8 y − 54 + 16 =0 where the derivative is equal to
dx dx
3
dy 54 − 18x . To determine this, we set the
= 2
dx 8 y + 16 3
derivative equal to , solve for y,
2
27 − 9x
= substitute back into the original
4y + 8 equation, and solve for x.
(b) Vertical tangent lines exist wher-
ever the denominator of the de- dy 27 − 9x 3
rivative equals zero, and the = =
dx 4y + 8 2
numerator does not. So, we de-
termine where the denominator 54 2 18x 5 12y 1 24
is equal to zero.
4y 1 8 5 0 5 3
y= − x
y 5 22 2 2

Since we are writing the equa-

tion for one or more vertical
lines, we really need to know the
corresponding x-coordinate(s). To
this end, we will substitute y 5
22 into the original equation
and solve for x.
..............................................................................................
Substituting this expression for y The velocity is positive and de-
into the original equation and creasing over the interval (1.5,3),
solving for x gives us and it is negative and increasing
over the interval (4,5). So, the
2 bug is slowing down over these
5 3
9x 2 + 4 ⎛ − x ⎞ − 54x + two intervals.
⎝2 2 ⎠
5 3
16 ⎛ − x ⎞ + 61 = 0 5. (a) We want to try to isolate
⎝2 2 ⎠
π π
cos2 ⎛ t ⎞ and sin 2 ⎛ t ⎞ in order
⎝2 ⎠ ⎝2 ⎠
With help from our calculators, to use the identity sin2x 1 cos2x
x 5 1.586 and x 5 4.414. By sub- 5 1. Looking at the x component
stituting these x-values into of the curve, we first square both
5 3 sides:
y = − x , we get the corre-
2 2
π
sponding y-values to be y 5 0.121 x = 4 cos⎛ t ⎞
and y 5 24.121, respectively. So, ⎝2 ⎠
there are two tangent lines par- π
allel to the line from part C; they x 2 = 16 cos 2 ⎛ t ⎞
⎝2 ⎠
have the following equations:
x2 π
3 = cos 2 ⎛ t ⎞
y + 4.121 = ( x − 4.414) 16 ⎝2 ⎠
2
And now for the y component:
3
y − 0.121 = ( x − 1.586) π
2 y = 3 sin⎛ t ⎞
⎝2 ⎠
Section II, Part B π
y 2 = 9 sin 2 ⎛ t ⎞
⎝2 ⎠
4. (a) The bug changes directions at
y2 π
= sin 2 ⎛ t ⎞
t 5 3 and t 5 5. This is true
because the velocity changes 9 ⎝2 ⎠
from positive to negative and
negative to positive, respectively. By combining these equations,
we get:
(b) The bug is farthest from its
starting point at time t 5 3. The x 2 y2
bug is moving in the positive + =1
16 9
direction (away from the start-
ing point) from t 5 0 to t 5 3. (b) Using implicit differentiation,
Then, the bug turns around and
moves toward the starting point x 2 y ⎛ dy ⎞
for two seconds before changing + =0
8 9 ⎝ dx ⎠
directions again. By examining
the area under the curve, we dy 9x
can see that the bug is closer to =−
dx 16 y
the starting point at t 5 6 then
it was at t 5 3. (c)
3π π
y ′(t ) = cos⎛ t ⎞
(c) “Slowing down” means decreas- 2 ⎝2 ⎠
ing speed, not velocity. So, we
need to include not only where
π 3π π
the velocity is positive and de- V ′ (t ) = −2π sin ⎛ t ⎞ , cos ⎛ t ⎞
creasing, but also where the ve- ⎝2 ⎠ 2 ⎝2 ⎠
locity is negative and increasing.
 ..............................................................................................

answers
(d) From part C: 6. (a) Recall the formula for a Taylor
polynomial centered at x 5 1:
3π
cos π2 t
dy
dy f ( x ) = f (1) + f ′ (1) ( x − 1) +
= dt = 2
dx dx
dt −2π sin π2 t f ′′ (1) ( x − 1)
2
f ′′′ (1) ( x − 1)
+ +
2 6
π f (4 ) (1) ( x − 1)
tan⎛ t ⎞
3
=−
4 ⎝2 ⎠ 24

From part B: This implies that f(1) 5 ln 2 and

f4(1) 5 26.
9x 9 (4 cos ( π2 t ))
− = −
16 y 16 (3 sin ( π2 t )) (b) f′ (x) 5 1 2 (x 2 1) 1
(x 2 1)2 2 (x 2 1)3
3 π
= − tan ⎛ t ⎞
4 ⎝2 ⎠ f′(1.2) 5 1 2 0.2 1
0.04 2 0.008
(e) We will use the formula for arc 5 0.832
length:
x
(c) g (x ) = ∫ f (t ) dt
2 2 1
b
⎛ dx ⎞ + ⎛ dy ⎞ dt
L= ∫ a ⎝ dt ⎠ ⎜⎝ dt ⎟⎠
= ( x − 1) ln 2 +
( x − 1)
2

+
2

π
2 ( x − 1) 3
( x − 1) 4
( x − 1)
5

−2π sin ⎛ t ⎞ + 6
+
12
−
20
⎝2 ⎠

practice test
6
= ∫2 2
dt
⎛ 3π cos π t ⎞
⎝2 2 ⎠