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Chapter 8 - Nervous System PDF
Chapter 8 - Nervous System PDF
● Our nervous system gathers Each neuron has 1 axon, but can have
information about the environment many dendrites.
and help us respond appropriately to
a situation. Types of Neurons
● The nervous system controls and 1. Sensory Neurons
interprets all the activities that ● Also called afferent neurons.
happen within the body. It enables ● Carry impulses from inside and
us to move, think, laugh, feel pain or outside the body.
enjoy the taste of food. 2. Interneurons
● It makes the body respond quickly to ● Also called association neurons.
changes in the environment. ● Are found within the brain and
spinal cord, they process or read
4 Basic Functions incoming impulses and pass them
1. Gathers information both from the on to motor neurons.
outside world and from inside the ● Determines what response should
body. be generated.
2. Sends information to muscles, 3. Motor neurons
glands and organs so they can ● Carry impulses away from the brain
respond correctly. and spinal cord.
3. Transmit information to the ● Are also called efferent neurons.
processing areas in the brain and ● Transmit impulses from the brain
spinal cord. and spinal cord to the effector cells
4. Processes information to determine in muscles, glands and organs.
best response. ● They stimulate effector cells to
create a reaction or response.
Neuron
● Message carrying unit of the 2 Major Functions of the Nervous
nervous system. System
● Also called nerve cells. 1. Irritability
● Neurons carry information called ● Ability to respond to a stimulus and
nerve impulse to the brain. convert it to a nerve impulse.
● Is considered the basic structural 2. Conductivity
and functional unit of the nervous ● The ability to transmit the impulse to
system. other neurons, muscles and glands.
Sensory Receptor
● Vater pacinian corpuscle -
receptor for deep pressure.
● Meissner corpuscle - receptor for
touch. Found in the skin of the palm,
lips, digits and nipples.
● Krause - receptor for cold.
● Muscle spindle - receptors for
muscle sense.
Types of Reflexes
1. Autonomic reflexes
● Regulate actions of smooth muscles,
heart and glands.