Professional Documents
Culture Documents
04 million users as of July
TOWARDS DIFFERENT NETWORK SERVICE 2018.
PROVIDERS IN VAZHAKKAD PANJAYATH Telecommunication has supported the socioeconomic
development of India and has played a significant role
TELECOM SECTOR IN INDIA to narrow down the rural‐urban digital divide to some
extent. It also has helped to increase the transparency
India's telecommunication network is the second of governance with the introduction of e‐governance
largest in the world by number of telephone users in India. The government has pragmatically used
(both fixed and mobile phone) with 1.183 billion modern telecommunication facilities to deliver mass
subscribers as on 31 May 2019.It has one of the education programmes for the rural folk of India.
lowest call tariffs in the world enabled by mega According to London‐based telecom trade body
telecom operators and hyper‐competition among GSMA, the telecom sector accounted for 6.5% of
them. As on 31 July 2018, India has the world's India's GDP in 2015, or about ₹9 lakh crore (US$130
second‐largest Internet user‐base with 460.24 million billion), and supported direct employment for 2.2
broadband internet subscribers in the country. As of million people in the country. GSMA estimates that
31 December 2018, India had a population of 130 the Indian telecom sector will contribute ₹14.5 lakh
crore people (1.3 billion), 123 crore (1.23 billion) crore (US$200 billion) to the economy and support 3
Aadhaar digital biometric identity cards, 121 crore million direct jobs and 2 million indirect jobs by 2020.
(1.21 billion) mobile phones, 44.6 crore (446 million) HISTORY
smartphones, 56 crore (560 million or 43% of total Telecommunications in India began with the
population) internet users up from 481 million people introduction of the telegraph. The Indian postal and
(35% of the country's total population) in December telecom sectors are one of the world’s oldest. In 1850,
2017, and 51 per cent growth in e‐commerce. the first experimental electric telegraph line was
started between Calcutta and Diamond Harbor. In
Major sectors of the Indian telecommunication 1851, it was opened for the use of the British East
industry are telephone, internet and television India Company. The Posts and Telegraphs department
broadcast industry in the country which is in an occupied a small corner of the Public Works
ongoing process of transforming into next generation Department, at that time.
network, employs an extensive system of modern The construction of 4,000 miles (6,400 km) of
network elements such as digital telephone telegraph lines was started in November 1853. These
exchanges, mobile switching centres, media gateways connected Kolkata (then Calcutta) and Peshawar in
and signalling gateways at the core, interconnected by the north; Agra, Mumbai (then Bombay) through
a wide variety of transmission systems using fibre‐ Sindya Ghats, and Chennai (then Madras) in the
optics or Microwave radio relay networks. The access south; Ootacamund and Bangalore. William
network, which connects the subscriber to the core, is O'Shaughnessy, who pioneered the telegraph and
highly diversified with different copper‐pair, optic‐ telephone in India, belonged to the Public Works
fibre and wireless technologies. DTH, a relatively new Department, and worked towards the development of
broadcasting technology has attained significant telecom throughout this period. A separate
popularity in the Television segment. The introduction department was opened in 1854 when telegraph
of private FM has given a fillip to the radio facilities were opened to the public.
broadcasting in India. Telecommunication in India has In 1880, two telephone companies namely The
greatly been supported by the INSAT system of the Oriental Telephone Company Ltd. and The Anglo‐
country, one of the largest domestic satellite systems Indian Telephone Company Ltd. approached the
in the world. India possesses a diversified Government of India to establish telephone exchange
communications system, which links all parts of the in India. The permission was refused on the grounds
country by telephone, Internet, radio, television and that the establishment of telephones was a
satellite. Government monopoly and that the Government
itself would undertake the work. In 1881, the
Indian telecom industry underwent a high pace of Government later reversed its earlier decision and a
market liberalisation and growth since the 1990s and licence was granted to the Oriental Telephone
now has become the world's most competitive and Company Limited of England for opening telephone
one of the fastest growing telecom markets.The exchanges at Calcutta, Bombay, Madras and
Industry has grown over twenty times in just ten Ahmedabad and the first formal telephone service
years, from under 37 million subscribers in the year was established in the country. On 28 January 1882,
2001 to over 846 million subscribers in the year 2011. Major E. Baring, Member of the Governor General of
India has the world's second‐largest mobile phone India's Council declared open the Telephone
Exchanges in Calcutta, Bombay and Madras. The
exchange in Calcutta named the "Central Exchange" 2G technologies enabled the various mobile phone
had a total of 93 subscribers in its early stage. Later networks to provide the services such as text
that year, Bombay also witnessed the opening of a messages, picture messages, and MMS (multimedia
telephone exchange. messages). All text messages sent over 2G are digitally
encrypted, allowing for the transfer of data in such a
Communications in India
way that only the intended receiver can receive and
Gross adjusted revenue ₹160,814 read it.
(2017) crore (US$23 billion) After 2G was launched, the previous mobile
telephone systems were retroactively dubbed 1G.
Telephony
While radio signals on 1G networks are analog, radio
Total telephone subscribers 1.1835 billion (May 2019) signals on 2G networks are digital. Both systems use
Mobile subscribers 1.161 billion (May 2019) digital signaling to connect the radio towers (which
listen to the handsets) to the rest of the telephone
Fixed line subscribers 21.29 million (May 2019) system.
Monthly telephone ‐620,000 (May 2019) 2G has been superseded by newer technologies such
additions (Net) as 2.5G, 2.75G, 3G, and 4G; however, 2G networks are
still used in most parts of the world.
Teledensity 89.92%
(May 2019) Advantages of 2G technology in India
Urban Teledensity 160.79% 2G handsets also have error checking features
(May 2019) which is done with the help of digital voice encoding.
The battery life of a 2G enabled handset is
Rural Teledensity 56.74%
longer due to lower powered radio signals.
(May 2019)
2G enabled handsets offer improved sound
Internet access quality
After the launch of 2G technology in India
Internet users 636.73 million (Mar 2019)
digital data services, such as SMS and email came into
Broadband subscribers 581.51 million (May 2019) existence.
Introduction of 2G reduced the chances of
Internet penetration 48.48%
(Mar 2019) fraud.
3G
Share of World Internet 17% (31 Dec 2018) 3G, short for third generation, is the third generation
Users of wireless mobile telecommunications technology.
country code top‐level .in
This is based on a set of standards used for mobile
domain
devices and mobile telecommunications use services
and networks that comply with the International
Broadcasting Mobile Telecommunications‐2000 (IMT‐2000)
Private television channels 902 (Mar 2019) specifications by the International Telecommunication
Union. 3G finds application in wireless voice
Private FM radio stations 356 (Mar 2019) telephony, mobile Internet access, fixed wireless
Internet access, video calls and mobile TV.
NETWORK TYPE 3G telecommunication networks support services that
2G provide an information transfer rate of at least 200
2G (or 2‐G) is short for second‐generation wireless kbit/s. Later 3G releases, often denoted 3.5G and
telephone technology. Second‐generation 2G cellular 3.75G, also provide mobile broadband access of
telecom networks were commercially launched on the several Mbit/s to smartphones and mobile modems in
GSM standard in Finland by Radiolinja (now part of laptop computers.
Elisa Oyj) in 1991.[1] Three primary benefits of 2G This ensures it can be applied to wireless voice
networks over their predecessors were that phone telephony, mobile Internet access, fixed wireless
conversations were digitally encrypted; 2G systems Internet access, video calls and mobile TV
were significantly more efficient on the spectrum technologies.
allowing for far greater mobile phone penetration A new generation of cellular standards has appeared
levels; and 2G introduced data services for mobile, approximately every tenth year since 1G systems
starting with SMS text messages were introduced in 1981/1982. Each generation is
characterized by new frequency bands, higher data
rates and non–backward‐compatible transmission
technology. The first 3G networks were introduced in
19988 and fourth h generation 4G networkss in 2008. . In
n Co
ompanies p
profiles
Indiaa 3 is launch in 11 Decem
mber 2008. 1)) Vodafone‐ Idea Limited d
Advvantages of 3G: Voodafone Ideaa Limited is aan Indian telecom operator[
Bandwid dth, security and reliability are more w
with its headq quarters baseed in Mumbaai, Maharash htra
Providess interoperab bility amongg service annd Gandhinaagar, Gujaratt. Vodafone IIdea is a pan‐
provviders In
ndia integrate ed GSM operator offerin ng 2G, 3G and d 4G
Availability of fixed aand variable rates VooLTE mobile services und der two bran
nds named
Support to devices w with backwarrd Voodafone and d Idea. Vodaffone Idea alsso provides
commpatibility witth existing networks seervices includ
ding Mobile payments, Io oT, enterprisse
Always oonline devicees – 3G uses IP offferings and entertainmeent, accessib ble via both
connnectivity whiich is packet based diigital channeels as well as on‐ground ttouch pointss,
Rich multimedia servvices are avaailable ceentres acrosss the countryy. As of 30 November 20 019,
4G Voodafone Ideaa has a subsccriber base oof 336.26 million,
4G is the fourth generation oof wireless mmobile m
making it seco ond largest mmobile telecoommunicatio ons
teleccommunicattions technology, succeeding 3G. A 4G neetwork in Inddia and fourtth largest moobile
systeem must proovide capabilities defined d by ITU in teelecommuniccations netw work in the w
world
IMT Advanced. P Potential andd current app plications History
ude amended mobile weeb access, IP telephony,
inclu On 20 March 2017, Idea and Vodafonee India
gam
ming services,, high‐definittion mobile TTV, video annnounced th hat their resppective boardds had approoved
confferencing, an
nd 3D televission. The first‐release Lon ng a merger of th he two comp panies. The mmerger got
Termm Evolution ((LTE) standard (a 4G candidate appproval from m Departmen nt of Telecommmunication ns in
systeem) has been commerciaally deployed d in Oslo, Juuly 2018. On August 30, 2 2018, Nation nal Companyy Law
Norwway, and Stoockholm, Sweeden since 2 2009. It has, Trribunal gave the final nod d to the Vod
dafone Idea
howwever, been ddebated whe ether first‐reelease versions m
merger .The m merger was ccompleted on 31 August
shouuld be consid
dered 4G, as discussed in n the techniccal 20018, and thee newly mergged entity is named
understanding section below w. Vo odafone Ideaa Ltd. The merger createed the largest
Advvantages: teelecom comp pany in Indiaa by subscribers and by
• It speedily downloadds the files over wireless reevenue. Under the termss of the deal,, the Vodafone
netwwork system or form. Group holds aa 45.2% stake e in the combined entityy, the
• mply reach Internet, Insttant
It can sim Ad ditya Birla Group holds 2 26% and the remaining
Messsaging (IM), common ne etworks, videeo calling, an
nd shhares will be held by the public.
manny more things. Iddea previously bought Sp pice Commun nications Ltd,
• dvanced
It has ad op perating as SSpice Telecom m, for over R
Rs 2,700 crorre.
• It contin
nues connectted to the Intternet devoiid
ny disturban
of an nce.
• It has sim
mpler approach to the seervices &
conssumption.
LIST OFF MOBILE OPERATORS OF INDIA
1. Vodafon ne Idea
2. jio
3. airtel
4. Tata Teleservices Type P
Public
6. Mtnl
BSE: 53282
B 22
7. bsnl Traded as
s
N
NSE: IDEA
8. Reliancee
TOP FIV
VE COMPAN
NIES ISIN IN
NE669E010
016
Top five compannies, on the b
basis of “market share” aas Industry T
Telecommu nications
on 331May 2019
Predecessor Vodafone In
V ndia
RAAN OPR RATOR’S SUBSCR RIBERS MARKET
Id
dea Cellular Limited
K NAM ME (IN MILLLION) %)
SHARE (%
1 Vodaafone-Idea 387.56 33.36%
3 Founded 3 August 2018;
31 2 17 mo
onths ago
2 Jio 322.98 27.8%
2 Headquarrters Mumbai (Co
M orp.)
3 Airteel India 320.38 27.58%
2 G
Gandhinaga
ar (Reg.)
4 Tata 11.47 9.98%
9
Telesservices Key peopple Kumar Mang
K galam Birla
5 MTN NL 3.44 0.3%
0 (Chairman)
R
Ravinder Ta
akkar
(CE
EO) coompany posttponed the launch to thee first quarteer of
thhe financial yyear 2016–20 017.
Products
P Moobile telephoony Laater, in July 2
2015, a PIL filed in the Su upreme Courrt by
Wirreless broad dband ann NGO called d the Centre for Public In nterest Litigation,
Inte
ernet servicces
thhrough Prash hant Bhushan n, challenged d the grant oof a
Revenue
R ₹
₹378,236 paan‐India licence to Jio byy the Government of Indiia.
milllion (US$5.3 billion) (2019)] Thhe PIL also alleged that the firm was being alloweed to
Operating
O ₹
₹-192,243 prrovide voice telephony aalong with itss 4G data
in
ncome milllion (US$−2
2.7 billion) (2019) seervice, by paying an additional fee off just ₹165.8
crrore (US$23 million) whicch was arbitrrary and
Net
N income ₹
₹-145,711 unnreasonable, and contrib buted to a looss of ₹2,284 4.2
milllion (US$−2
2.0 billion) (2019) crrore (US$320 0 million) to the exchequ uer.[14][15] TThe
Total
T assets
s ₹
₹2,296,995 In
ndian Departtment of Teleecommunicaations (DoT),
milllion (US$32
2 billion) (20
019) hoowever, explained that tthe rules for 3G and BWA A
Total
T equity
y ₹
₹596,348 sppectrum didn n't restrict BWWA winners from provid ding
milllion (US$8.4 billion) (2019)] vooice telephony. As a resu ult, the PIL w
was revoked, and
thhe accusation ns were dism missed.
Members
M 336
6.26 million Thhe 4G servicees were laun nched internally on 27
(30
0 Novemberr 2019) December 2015. The company commeercially launcched
Number
N of 13,520 (2019) itss 4G servicess on 5 Septem mber 2016. W Within the fiirst
employees m
month, Jio an nounced thaat it had acqu uired 16 million
suubscribers. JJio crossed 50 million sub bscriber marrk in
Parent
P Voddafone Group (45.1%)
Adiitya Birla Grroup (26.0%%) 833 days since its launch, subsequentlyy crossing 100
Axiata Group Berhad
B (8.1
17%) m
million subscr ribers on 22 February 2017. By Octob ber
Priv
vate Equity (20.73%) 20017 it had ab bout 130 million subscrib bers.
Jio
o soft launch hed on 27 De ecember 201 15 with a betta
Subsidiarie
S s You
u Broadban
nd Limited fo
or partners and employees, and becaame publicly
Website
W ww
ww.vodafone
eidea.com avvailable on 55 September 2016. As of 30 Novembeer
20019, it is the largest mob bile network operator in
In
ndia and the third largestt mobile netw work operato or in
2) JIIO 4G
thhe world with h over 369.993 million sub bscribers. It is
Reliaance Jio Info
ocomm Limited, Jio, is ann Indian
allso the fourth largest pro ovider of fixeed telephonyy in
teleccommunicattions compan ny and wholly owned
Coountry.
subssidiary of Relliance Industtries, headqu
uartered in
In
n September 2019, Jio lau unched a fibeer to the hom me
Mum mbai, Maharrashtra, Indiaa. It operatess a national
seervice, offering home bro oadband, television, and
LTE network with coverage aacross all 22 telecom
teelephone serrvices.
circles. It does not offer 2G o
or 3G servicee, and instead
usess only voice oover LTE to p
provide voicee service on its
4G nnetwork.
Histtory
Jio'ss headquarteers in RCP, Naavi Mumbai
The company waas registered d in Ambawaadi,
Ahmmedabad (Gu ujarat) on 15 February 20 007 as
Reliaance Jio Infoocomm Limited. In June 2 2010, Reliancce
Indu ustries (RIL) b
bought a 95%% stake in Inffotel
Broaadband Services Limited (IBSL) for ₹4 4,800 crore Type Sub
bsidiary of Reliance
R Ind
dustries
(US$ $670 million)). Although uunlisted, IBSLL was the only
commpany that w won broadban nd spectrum m in all 22 Industry Tele
ecommunications
circles in India inn the 4G aucttion that too
ok place
Founded 15 February
F 20
007; 12 yea
ars ago
earlier that yearr.[10] Later continuing ass RIL's telecom
subssidiary, Infotel Broadband Services Liimited was Founder Muk
kesh Amban
ni
renaamed as Reliance Jio Info ocomm Limitted (RJIL) in
Janu uary 2013. Headquarrters Makker Chambeers IV, 222 Nariman
In Juune 2015, Jioo announced that it woulld start its Poin
nt, Mumbai,, Maharashtra
operations throu ughout the ccountry by thhe end of
India
2015 5. However, four monthss later in Octtober, the
Key peop
ple Muk
kesh Amban
ni
(Chairrman) Siemens AG o of Germany for manufactture of electrronic
Sandeeep Das pu ush button p phones. By th he early 1990 0s, Bharti waas
(Mana
aging Directtor) m
making fax ma achines, corddless phoness and other
teelecom gear. He named his first push h‐button pho ones
Fixed line telepho
one
Products
P ass 'Mitbrau'.
Mobilee telephonyy
Wirele
ess broadba and
Internet services Inn 1992, he su uccessfully biid for one of f the four mo obile
OTT Services
S ph hone networrk licences auctioned in IIndia. One o of
thhe conditionss for the Delhi cellular liccense was that
Revenue
R ₹11,679 crore (US$1.6 billlion) thhe bidder havve some exp perience as a telecom
(FY 20
019) op perator. So, Mittal clinch hed a deal wiith the Frencch
Operating
O ₹3,6
631.2 crore
e (US$510 million)
m teelecom group p Vivendi. He e was one off the first Ind dian
in
ncome (FY 20
019) en ntrepreneurss to identify the mobile ttelecom busiiness
ass a major gro owth area. His plans were finally
Net
N income ₹1,1
148 crore (U
US$160 milllion)
(FY 20
019) ap pproved by tthe Governm ment in 1994 and he
laaunched servvices in Delhii in 1995, wh hen Bharti
Total
T assets
s ₹1887,720 crore
e (US$26 billion) Ceellular Limiteed (BCL) wass formed to o offer cellular
(FY 20
019) seervices under the brand n name AirTel.. Within a few
Total
T equity
y ₹700,864 crore (US$9.9 billlion) yeears Bharti b became the ffirst telecom company to o
(FY 20
019) crross the 2 miillion mobile subscriber m mark. Bharti also
brrought down n the STD/ISD D cellular rattes in India
Members
M 370 million
m
un nder brand n name 'Indiao one'.
(30 No
ovember 20
019)
Inn 1999, Bhartti Enterprises acquired co ontrol of JT
Parent
P Relian
nce Industrie
es Holdings, and extended ceellular operaations to
Subsidiarie
S s LYF Kaarnataka and d Andhra Praadesh. In 200 00, Bharti
accquired conttrol of Skycelll Communications, in
Website
W www.jjio.com Ch hennai. In 20 001, the com mpany acquirred control o of
Sppice Cell in CCalcutta. Bharti Enterprisees went pub blic in
3) A
Airtel India 20 002, and thee company w was listed on Bombay Stock
Airteel India is thee third largesst provider oof mobile Exxchange and d National Sto ock Exchange of India. In n
telephony and second largesst provider o of fixed 20 003, the cellular phone o operations w were re‐brand ded
telephony in Ind dia, and is alsso a providerr of un nder the singgle Airtel braand. In 2004,, Bharti acqu uired
broaadband and ssubscription television seervices. The coontrol of Hexxacom and eentered Rajassthan. In 200 05,
brannd is operateed by severall subsidiariess of Bharti Bh harti extended its netwo ork to Andam man and Nico obar.
Airteel, with Bharrti Hexacom and Bharti TTelemedia Th his expansion allowed it to offer voicce services alll
provviding broadband fixed line services aand Bharti accross India.
Infraatel providing telecom paassive infrasttructure Airtel launcheed "Hello Tun nes", a callerr ring back to one
servvice such as ttelecom equipment and ttelecom seervice (CRBT), in July 200 04 becoming the first
towers. Bharti A Airtel Limited d is part of Bharti op perator in India to do so.. The Airtel theme song,
Enteerprises and is headed byy Sunil Bhartti Mittal. coomposed by A.R. Rahman n, was the mmost popular
Airteel is the first Indian teleccom service p provider to tuune in that yeear.
achieve Cisco Go old Certificattion. It also aacts as a Inn May 2008, it emerged tthat Airtel waas exploring the
carrier for nation nal and interrnational lon ng distance po ossibility of b
buying the M MTN Group, aa South Africca‐
commmunication services. Thee company h has a baased telecom mmunication ns company w with coveragge in
subm marine cablee landing stattion at Chennai, with a 21 1 countries in Africa and the Middle East. The
conn nection to Singapore. As of 30 Novem mber 2019, Financial Timees reported tthat Bharti w was considering
Airteel has 327.30 0 million sub
bscribers with h a market offfering US$4 45 billion for a 100% stakee in MTN, which
sharre of 28.35% in India. Airttel was named India's w
would be the largest overseas acquisittion ever by an
secoond most valuable brand in the first eever Brandz Inndian firm. However, botth sides emphasise the
rankking by Millw ward Brown aand WPP plc. teentative natu ure of the tallks, while The Economistt
Histtory m
magazine not ed, "If anyth
hing, Bharti wwould be
984, Sunil Mittal started assembling push‐button
In 19 n m
marrying up," as MTN hass more subsccribers, highe er
phones in India, which he eaarlier used to
o import from m reevenues and broader geo ographic covverage. Howe ever,
a Taiwan compaany, Kingtel, replacing thee old thhe talks fell aapart as MTN N Group tried d to reverse the
hioned, bulkyy rotary phon
fash nes that werre in use in th
he neegotiations b by making Bh harti almost a subsidiary of
counntry then. Bh
harti Telecomm Limited (BTTL) was thhe new comp pany. In Mayy 2009, Bharrti Airtel agaiin
inco
orporated and entered in nto a technicaal tie up with
h coonfirmed thaat it was in taalks with MTTN and the
commpanies agreeed to discusss the potentiial transactio on line internet serrvices, digita
al
exclusively by 31 1 July 2009. TTalks eventuually ended televvision and IPPTV
withhout agreement, some so ources statinng that this
was due to oppo osition from the South Affrican Members 327.30 million
gove ernment. (Novvember 2019)
In 20009, Bharti n negotiated foor its strategic partner
Alcaatel‐Lucent to o manage the network in nfrastructure e Parent Bharrti Airtel
for tthe fixed linee business. Laater, Bharti A
Airtel awardeed
the tthree‐year contract to Alcatel‐Lucent for setting Website www
w.airtel.in
up aan Internet P Protocol acceess network aacross the
coun ntry. This wo ould help connsumers acceess internet at 4) BSN
NL MOBIL
LES
fasteer speed and d high qualityy internet brrowsing on
mob bile handsetss. BSSNL Mobile ((formerly CellOne) is an IIndian mobille
In 20009, Airtel laaunched its ffirst internatiional mobilee neetwork operator, operated by the pu ublic enterprrise
netwwork in Sri Laanka. In Junee 2010, Bharrtil acquired BSSNL. It provid des both pree‐paid and poost‐paid mob bile
the A African businness of Zain Telecom for $10.7 billion n seervices as we ell as many vvalue added sservices. BSNNL
makking it the larrgest ever accquisition by an Indian M
Mobile has a p pan‐India presence with presence in all
teleccom firm. Inn 2012, Bhartti tied up witth Wal‐Mart, th
he 22 telecom m circles in India. BSNL M
Mobile provid des
the US retail giant, to start a number of rretail stores alll of India serrvices with ro
oaming acceess, includingg
acrooss India. In 22014, Bharti planned to aacquire Loop p Delhi and Mumbai, and In nternational roaming access
Mob bile for ₹7 billion (US$98 million), butt the deal waas o more than 300 networkks across thee world.
to
calle
ed off later. History
On 1 18 Novembeer 2010, Airte el rebranded d itself in India Th he company's CellOne neetwork (GSM M/GPRS) wass
in th
he first phasee of a global rebranding sstrategy. Thee laaunched in laate 2002 andd has coveragge in major ccities
commpany unveileed a new loggo with 'airteel' written in an nd towns and more placees are being covered. BSNL
loweer case. Designed by Lon ndon‐based b brand agencyy, M
Mobile offers both GSM as well as CDMA prepaid and
The Brand Union n, the new loogo is the lettter 'a' in po ostpaid services. CellOnee was renamed BSNL Mo obile
loweercase, with 'airtel' written in lowerccase under th he in
n 2007. It was the first co
ompany whicch made
logoo. On 23 November 2010 0, Airtel's Afriica operationns in
ncoming roam ming chargess free acrosss the countryy.
weree rebranded to 'airtel'. Sri Lanka follo owed on 28 O
Operations
November 2010 0 and on 20 DDecember 20 010, Warid BSSNL Mobile h
has total 115
5.32 million ssubscribers aas on
Teleecom rebrand ded to 'airtel' in Bangladesh. 31
1 January 20
019. BSNL Mo obile Compeetes with other
M
Major private Mobile operator Includiing airtel (Tata
Airrtel India
Docomo mergged with airtel since 1 July 2019),
Voodafone‐Idea & Jio.
3G
G
On 27 February 2010, BSN NL Mobile lauunched 3G
seervices on Paan India. BSN
NL Mobile alsso has 3G
Rooaming services in Mumbai & Delhi ffor other circcles
Type
T Public suubscribers th
hrough an aggreement witth MTNL, This
giives BSNL Mo obile a 3G prresence in all 22 out of 22
In
ndustry Teleco
ommunicatio
ons circles in Indiaa.
4G
G
Founded
F 7 July 1995; 24 ye
ears ago BSSNL Mobile h has started pproviding 4G services on in
soome telecom m circles of In
ndia. It has deployed ban
nd 1
Founder
F Sunil Bharti
B Mittal LTTE in those teelecom circlees.
VooLTE
ers Bharti Crescent, 1
Headquarte
H 1, Nelson Mandela
M BSSNL has laun nched VoLTE services in ccircles wheree it is
Road, New Delhi, India
prroviding its 4
4G services.
Area
A served
d India
BSNL Mobile
Key
K people Sunil Bharti
B Mittal (Chairman
and MDD)
Products
P Fixed line and mo
obile
telepho
ony, broadb
band and fixxed-
mobile busineesses of Tata Docomo, Taata Teleservices
m
(TTTSL) and Tatta Teleservicces Maharash htra Limited
(TTTML) have bbeen merged d into Bharti Airtel from 1
1
Juuly 2019.
History
In
n November 2008, Japaneese telecom giant NTT
Formerly
F CellOne
Docomo picke ed up a 26 pe er cent equitty stake in Taata
Type
T Sttate-owned enterprise ndicom, a sub
In bsidiary of Taata Teleservices, for about
₹1 130.7 billion (US$1.8 billion) or an ennterprise valu ue
In
ndustry Te
elecommun
nications off ₹502.69 billion (US$7.0 0 billion).[11] NTT DOCOM MO
annnounced on n 25 April 20
014 that theyy are going to o sell
Founded
F October 2000
0 10 00% of their shares in Taata Indicom tto Tata
Teeleservices aand exit Indiaan Telecom. The reason ffor
Headquarte
H ers BS
SNL Bhava an, New exxit is becausee of huge losss of $1.3 billion.
Delhi, India In
n February 20 008, TTSL announced thaat it would
prrovide CDMA A mobile services targeteed towards tthe
Area
A served
d In
ndia yoouth, in assoociation with the Virgin G Group on a
frranchisee mo odel basis. Byy 1 April 201
15, all Virgin
Key
K people Prravin Kuma
ar Purwar
M
Mobile CDMA A & GSM custtomers havee been migrated
(C
Chairman & MD)
in
nto the umbrrella Tata Ind dicom brand (Tata Indicom
Services
S Mobile teleph
M hony foor Mumbai N NCR).
Laandline Taata Teleserviices used to provide mob bile services
In
nternet Servvices un nder Tata Do oCoMo (GSM M mobile opeerator, wirele ess
brroadband). O On 9 October 2017 Tata TTeleservices
Revenue
R ₹351,820 million
m (2010) annnounced it is preparing an exit plan for most of its
5,,000‐odd em mployees, wh hich includes a notice of
Net
N income
e ₹99,390 million
m (2010
0) thhree to six mmonths, severrance packagges for thosee
w
willing to leavve earlier, a vvoluntary rettirement scheme
Total
T assets
s ₹630,000 million
m (2010) (VVRS) for elders, while transferring only a small part of
itss employeess to other gro oup companies.
Members
M 12
21.00 million
(N
November 2019)
2 Tata Teles
services Liimited
Number
N of 20
01,066 (Novvember 201
16)
employees
e
Type Publlic
Parent
P Bh
harat Sanch
har Nigam Limited
L
ISIN INE5
517B01013
Website
W bssnl.co.in
Industry Tele
ecommunica
ations
5) TTata Teleservices Limitted
Fate Acqu
uired by Bharti Airtel
Tataa Teleservicees Limited (TTTSL) is an Inddian
broaadband and ttelecommun nications servvice provider Founded 1996
6
base ed in Mumbaai, Maharash htra, India. Itt is a
subssidiary of thee Tata Groupp, an Indian cconglomerate Founder Rata
an Tata
commpany. It opeerated fixedline services u under the
bran nd name Tataa Tele Broad dband in various telecom m Headquarrters Mum
mbai, Maharrashtra, India
circles of India. O
On August 20 017, Tata Teleservices
sougght to exit m
mobile netwo ork division due to heavy Area serv
ved India
a
lossees and debt and sell its u
unit to Bhartii Airtel in a
debtt free and caash‐free deall and describ bed as virtually Key peop
ple Rataan Tata
free and Airtel wwill only pay a part of Tatta (Inte man)[1]
erim Chairm
Teleeservices's unnpaid spectrum paymentt liability. In Srinaath Narasim
mhan
(MD & CEO)
November 2017 7, Tata Teleseervices custoomers
transitioned to tthe Airtel moobile network under an Fixed line telephone
Products
Intraa Circle Roamming (ICR) arrrangement. SIM cards an nd Fixed line intern
net
billin
ng plans rem
mained the saame. The consumer Broa
adband
Internet services The preparation of the design of the research project,
Digital television popularly known as “Research Design” Decision
Network services regarding what, how much, what mean concerning as
inquiry or a research study constitute a research
Revenue ₹3,191 crore (US$450 million) (2017)[2]
design.
Members 45 Million (2017) As such a design includes an outline of what research
Parent Tata Group will do from writing the hypotheses and its operations
implication of final analysis of data. Descriptive and
Divisions Landline exploratory research design has been used in the
Broadband study.
Television Research Area
Subsidiaries Viom Networks The present study will be done in vazhakkad
panjayath in malappuram district. To study the
Website www.tatateleservices.comwww.tatatelebroadband.com
consumer preference towards different netwoks
service providers
Sample Size:
It refers of the number of items to be selected from
CHAPTER‐2 RESEARCH the universal to constitute a sample. An optimal study
is one, which fulfills the requirement of efficiency,
METHODOLOGY representative, reliability and flexibility. So my sample
size for this study is 50
Research Methodology Sample Technique
Research Methodology is away to systematically solve Sampling procedure refers to the technique which is
the research problems. It involves adopting various used in selecting the items for the sample infect; this
methods and techniques which are best suited for the technique of procedure stands for the sample design
research and study of the problem, for investigation itself. the sampling procedure for the study is the
and analysis of the problem it starts with data convenient sampling.
collection from various sources i.e primary and
Data Collection:
secondary source, data analysis and interpretation
To achieve the objective of the study, the primary as
and finally the finding. Research methodology
well as secondary sources of data collection done by
comprise of two Research + Methodology.
two methods.
Need of the study
a)Primary data
To understand the customer for services at the time
Primary data is original research that is obtained
of purchasing what is the perception of the customer,
through first‐hand investigation, while secondary data
what things comes in the mind on the customer and
is research that is widely available and obtained from
on the basis of which things the customer buys the
another party. Primary data includes information
services.
collected from interviews, experiments, surveys,
Objective of the Study questionnaires, focus groups and measurements.
• To study the customers preference of different Secondary data can be found in publications, journals
network service providers and newspapers
• To study the customer satisfaction level of
b)Secondary data
companies
Secondary data is the data that have been already
•To understand the performance of different brands
collected by and readily available from other sources.
in the markert Such data are cheaper and more quickly obtainable
•To find out the major service providers which than the primary data and also may be available when
satisfyied customers primary data can’t be obtained at all.
Research Design Tools Used For the Study
The research design is a pattern or an outline of a Percentage method:‐ it is used to draw the specific
research project. It is a statement of only the essential inference from collected data that is fulfill the
of a study those provide the basic guidelines for the objective of my finding. The formula is:
detail of the project. P=Q/R/100
Research design stands for advance planning of P=Percentage
method to be used in their analysis, keeping in view Q=Number of respondent falling in a specific category
the objective of the research and availability of staff, to be measured R=Total number of
time and money. respondent.CHAPTER‐