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2 aewådt|uxmedó,
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aewådenf;t>ruf 3
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4 aewådt|uxmedó,
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aewådenf;t>ruf 5
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vu©Pm&Sad om [m&onf 0dp,[m& rnf\/ xd[ k m&udk xkwaf omfum;---
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&Sad omaMumifh 'kw, d mosm'sEyÅ 'k f rnf\/ {u0pe'kw, d mosm'sEçÅ A[k0pe
'kw, d mosm'sEt Å m;jzifh ESpyf g;wdw Yk iG f {u0kpt f qk;H &Sad omaMumifh {u0pe
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{u0kpt f qk;H &Sad omaMumifh *kPp,modw rnf\/
wpfenf;um;-emrfyk'fç tmcsmwfyk'fç Oyom&yk'fç edygwfyk'ftm;jzifh
av;yg;wdw Yk iG f ]]taw¬ erwDwd emrH}} [laom 0pew¬EiS t hf nD teufü ñGww f wf
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6 aewådt|uxmedó,
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taMumif;ykpmä ESihf ruif;&maomaMumifh taMumif;jzpfaom ykpmä udk xkwt f yf\/
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tb,fah Mumifh r[mum½kPu d H tp&Sad om *gxmudk qdt k yfoenf;/}} þodYk
ykpämudk xkwftyf\/ xdkykpämonf t'd|aZmwemykpämç 'd|oHoEémykpämç
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xdik g;yg;wdwYk iG f rodí ar;aomaMumifh t'd|aZmwemykpmä rnf\/ owåm"d|me
ykpmä ç "r®m"d|meykpmä tm;jzifh ESpyf g;wdw Yk iG f w&m;vQif vJavsmif;&m &Sad omaMumifh
"r®m"d|meykpmä rnf\/ {um"d|meykpmä ç taeum"d|meykpmä tm;jzifh ESpyf g;wdw Yk iG f
wpf*gxmudk ar;aomaMumifh {um"d|meykpäm rnf\/ or®Kwd0do,ç
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&SdaomaMumifh y&rw¬0do,ykpäm rnf\/ þodkY tp&Sdonfjzifh ykpämudk
pdppfjcif;onf ykpmä 0dp, rnf\/ þum; ykpmä 0dp,wnf;/ /
tEÅ&m,faysmufjcif;ç usr;f Ny;D jcif; tp&Sad om tusK;d wdu Yk kd Ny;D apwwfaom
yPmrudk jyKvakd omaMumifh ]]ww¬ auea|e aewå}d } tp&So d nfuo kd mvQif
rqdrk í l r[mum½kPu d H tp&Sad om *gxmudk qdt k yfownf;/ þum; 0doZÆem
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y#dypk mä Asmu&P0doZÆemç Xye0doZÆemtm;jzifh av;yg;tjym; &S\ d / xdak v;yg;
wdw Yk iG f r[mum½kPu d H tp&Sad om *gxmudk qdak Mumif;udk a0zefcjJG crf;í
ajzaomaMumifh 0dbZÆAsmu&P0doZÆem rnf\/ om0aoo0doZÆemç
te0aoo0doZÆemtm;jzifh ESpyf g;wdw Yk iG f t<uif;&Sad omaMumifh om0aoo
0doZÆem rnf\/ oOwå&0doZÆemç ed½kwå&0doZÆemtm;jzifh ESpfyg;wdkYwGif
avmuDw&m;udk ajzaomaMumifh oOwå&0doZÆem rnf\/ avmud,0doZÆem
aewådenf;t>ruf 7
avmukw&å 0doZÆemtm;jzifh ESpyf g;wdw Yk iG f avmuDw&m;udk ajzaomaMumifh

avmud,0doZÆem rnf\/ þodYk tp&So d nfjzifh 0doZÆemudk pdppfjcif;onf
0doZÆem0dp, rnf\/ þum; 0doZÆem0dp,wnf;/ /
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jyvdo k nf jzpft/hH ]ww¬ auea|e aewå}d tp&So d nfuo kd m qdt k yfvsuf
tb,fah Mumifh r[mum½kPu d H tp&Sad om *gxmudk qdt k yfoenf;}}[k ar;aom
ykpmä ESihf ]]tEÅ&m,faysmufjcif;ç usr;f Ny;D jcif; tp&Sad om tusK;d udk Ny;D apwwfaom
&wewå,yPmrudk jyKvakd omaMumifh ]]ww¬ auea|e aewå}d } tp&So d nfuo kd m
rqdrk í l r[mum½kPu d H tp&Sad om *gxmudk qdt k yfownf;}}[k ajzaom
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taMumif;udk ajzaomaMumifh nD\/ þum; ykAmÁ y&0dp,wnf;/ /
r[mum½kPu d H tp&Sad om *gxmonf tEk*w D ad vmç teEk*w D ad vm
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bk&m;*kPu f kd tus,af &wGuaf omaMumifh tEk*w D d rnf\/ xdt k Ek*w D od nf
0kww å o ¬ *F[ç t0kww å o¬ *F[ç w'kb,w¬o*F[tm;jzifh ok;H yg; tjym;&S\ d /
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tEk*w D 0d pd , rnf\/ þum; tEk*w D 0d pd ,wnf;/ /
tóm'onf okcç aomreóç £|m½kçH wPSmç 0dyv’motm;jzifh
rsm;aomtjym; &Sd\/ xdktjym;wdkYwGif okcçaomreóonf a*[ódwç
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o'´g½kH tp&Sad omtm;jzifh rsm;aomtjym; &S\ d / wPSmonf wpf&mh&pS yf g;aom
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xdtk jym;wdw Yk iG f awblru0#fonf ZmwdZ&mtp&Sad om tjym;tm;jzifh rsm;aom
tjym; &S\ d / edó&Pü t&d,r*fonf owdy|mefukd yGm;apí &tyfaom r*fç
8 aewådt|uxmedó,
or®y"Ü mefukd yGm;apí &tyfaom r*f tp&Sad om tjym;tm;jzifh rsm;aomtjym;

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d / edAmÁ efonf oOyg'daooedAmÁ efç tEkyg'daooedAmÁ ef tp&Sad omtm;jzifh
rsm;aomtjym; &S\ d / zvonf okwr,ÓPfç pdEmÅ r,ÓPf tp&Sad omtm;jzifh
rsm;aomtjym; &S\ d / Oyg,onf owdy|mefç or®y"Ü mefç a,medaomreodum&
tp&Sad omtm;jzifh rsm;aomtjym; &S\ d / tmPwåo d nf Ak'H¨ 0E´xç "r®H 0E´xç
oHCH 0E´xç 'geH a'xç oDvH &u©xç Oaygoxur®H ua&mx tp&Sad om
tjym;tm;jzifh rsm;aomtjym; &S\ d / þodYk tóm' tp&So d nfwu Ykd kd pdppfjcif;onf
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vnf;aumif; oifo h nf roifo h nfukd pD&ifjcif;vu©Pm&Sad om [m&onf
,kwåd[m& rnf\/
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jzpfaomaMumifhvnf;aumif;? cyfodrf;aom usrf;jyKq&mwdkY\ usrf;tpü
yPmrudk jyKjcif;\ oabm"r®wm jzpfaomaMumifv h nf;aumif;? 0pDyPmr\
twå[w d &[dw ESpyf g;udk Ny;D apwwfaomaMumifv h nf;aumif; r[mum½kPu d H
tp&Sad om 0pDyPmrudk jyKjcif;onf oif\ h / þum; omrnwnf;/ 0daoo
tm;jzifu h m; r[mum½kPu d [H al om yk'u f kd emrf0b d wf tqk;H &Sad omaMumifh
osm'sEyÅ 'k f tjzpfjzifh ,laomf oif\ h ? wsm'sEyÅ 'k t f jzpfjzifh ,laomf roif/h
yXrosm'sEÅ tp&Sad omtm;jzifh ckepfyg;wdw Yk iG f 'kw,d m0dbwftqk;H &Sad omaMumifh
'kw, d mosm'sEyÅ 'k t f jzpfjzifh ,laomf oif\ h ? yXrmosm'sEt Å p&Sad om yk'f
tjzpfjzifh ,laomf roifh /v/ w&wsm'dw'¨dwftrsm;wdkYwGif ed,kwåo'´g
ausaomaMumifh ed,w k w
å '¨w
d yf 'k t
f jzpfjzifh ,laomf oif\ h ? w&wdw'¨w d f
tp&Sad om yk't f jzpfjzifh ,laomf roif/h 0daooe0daoostm;jzifh ESpyf g;wdw Yk iG f
emxH- [laom yk'u f kd txl;jyKwwfaomaMumifh 0daooetjzpfjzifh ,laomf
oif\ h ? 0daoostjzpfjzifh ,laomf roif/h þodYk tp&So d nfjzifh cyford ;f aom
yk'\f oifçh roifu h kd pD&iftyf\/ þum; o'´,w k w då nf;/ /
aewådenf;t>ruf 9
r[mum½kPu d H tp&Sad om þ*gxm\t&udk 0pDab'o'´ç 0pDyPmr

apwemudk ,laomf oif\ h ? <uif;aom w&m;udk ,laomf roif/h 0pDyPmr
,laomf oif\ h ? um,yPmrç raemyPmr ,laomf roifh / þum; omrnwnf;/
0daootm;jzifhum; r[mum½kPduH[laom yk'f\t&udk 0daooeyk'f
jzpfaomaMumifh 0daooeyk'w f \Ykd oabmonfvnf; *kPu f o kd m y"metm;jzifh
a[mjrJjzpfaomaMumifh u½kPm*kPf,laomf oifh\? j'yf,laomf roifh/
bk&m;tm; &Sdcdk;aomt&m jzpfaomaMumifhvnf;aumif;? emxH [laom
o'É&Å oEé"d meaMumifv h nf;aumif; bk&m;jrwfpmG \ u½kPm,laomf oif\ h ?
olwpfyg;\ u½kPm,laomf roif/h emxH [laom yk'\ f t&udk 0daoos
jzpfaomaMumifh j'yf,al omf oif\ h ? *kP, f al omf roif/h aÚ,som*&yg&*k?H
edyPk *rÇ&D 0dpMd we,a'oeH[al om o'É&Å oEé"d meaMumifh bk&m;j'yf ,laomf
oif\ h ? wpfyg;aom yk*Kd¾ vjf 'yf ,laomf roif/h þodYk tp&So d nfjzifh <uif;aom
yk'w f \ Ykd teufoifçh roifu h kd pD&iftyf\/ þum; tw¬,w k w
då nf;/ þodYk
,kw[ då m&udk xkwt f yf\/ / þum; ,kw[ då m&ü enf;t>rufwnf;/ /
ukodkvftp&Sdaom w&m;wdkY\ y'|mefudk xkwfjcif;vu©Pm&Sdaom
[m&onf y'|me[m& rnf\/ xdky'|me[m&udk xkwfaomfum;---
r[mum½kPu d H tp&Sad om 0pDab'o'´\ y'|mefum; owd0&D , d ÓPf
jy"mef;aom t&Si"f r®ygvq&m\ ukov kd af ZmpdwKå ygÜ 'fwnf;/ xdpk w d Kå ygÜ 'f\
y'|mefum; a,medaomreodum&ç pwkpuúorÜww då nf;/ wpfenf;um;-
pwkpuúorÜwo då nf a,medaomreodum&\ y'|mefwnf;/ xdak ,medaom
reod u m&onf r[mum½k P d u H tp&S d a om yPmr0pD a b'o'´ u d k
jzpfapwwfaom owd0D&d,ÓPf jy"mef;aom pdwåKyÜg'f\ y'|mefwnf;/
xdpk w d Kå ygÜ 'fonf yPmr0pDab'o'´\ y'|mefwnf;/ xdyk Pmr0pDab'o'´
onf tEÅ&m,0daom"e\ y'|mefwnf;/ xdktEÅ&m,0daom"eonf
usr;f Ny;D jcif;\ y'|mefwnf;/ xdu k sr;f Ny;D jcif;onf aomwkZewdYk usr;f udk oifjcif;ç
emjcif;ç aqmifjcif;ç qifjcifjcif;\ y'|mefwnf;/ xdu k sr;f udk oifjcif;ç emjcif;ç
aqmifjcif;ç qifjcifjcif;onf þt|uxmusrf;\ teufudk odjcif;\
10 aewådt|uxmedó,
y'|mefwnf;/ þt|uxmusrf;\ teufudk odjcif;onf aewådusrf;\

teufudk odjcif;\ y'|mefwnf;/ aewådusrf;\ teufudk odjcif;onf
yd#uokH;ykH\ teufudk odjcif;\ y'|mefwnf;/ yd#uokH;ykH\ teufudk
odjcif;onf y#dywåed nf;udk odjcif;\ y'|mefwnf;/ y#dywåed nf;udk odjcif;onf
or®my#dywå\ d y'|mefwnf;/ or®my#dywåo d nf t0dy#Ü o d m&D\ y'|mefwnf;/
t0dy#Ü od m&Donf ygarmZÆ\ y'|mefwnf;/ ygarmZÆonf yDw\ d y'|mefwnf;/
yDwo d nf yó'¨\ d y'|mefwnf;/ yó'ö d nf okc\ y'|mefwnf;/ okconf
orm"d\ y'|mefwnf;/ orm"donf ,xmblwÓPf\ y'|mefwnf;/
,xmblwÓPfonf 0#fü NiD;aiGUjcif; edA'dÁ g\ y'|mefwnf;/ edA'dÁ gonf
r*fwnf;[laom 0d&m*\ y'|mefwnf;/ 0d&m*onf zdv k wf nf;[laom 0drw k \ då
y'|mefwnf;/ 0drw k o då nf ypöa0u©PÓPfwnf;[laom 0drw k Ódå P'óe\
y'|mefwnf;/ 0drw k Ó då P'óeonf tEkyg'gy&deAd mÁ ef\ y'|mefwnf;/ þodYk
tp&So d nfjzifh y'|mef\[m&udk xkwt f yf\/ / þum; y'|me[m&ü
enf;t>rufwnf;/ /
wpfckaomw&m;udk a[mtyfonf&Sdaomf xdkw&m;ESifh vu©Pm
tp&Sad omtm;jzifh wlaom w&m;wdu Yk kd a[mouJo h Ykd xkwjf cif;vu©Pm &Sad om
[m&onf vu© P [m& rnf\/ xdkvu©P[m&udk xkwfaomfum;---
r[mum½kPu d H tp&Sad om yPmr0pDab'o'ónf ½kyeÜ vu©Pm &S\ d /
xdyk Pmr0pDab'o'ÉiS hf ½kyeÜ vu©Pmtm;jzifh wlaom tvk;H pkaH om ½kyw f u Ykd kd
,ltyfuek \ f / yPmr0pDab'o'ónf tedpt ö p&Sad om vu©Pm &S\ d /
xdyk Pmr0pDab' o'ÉiS h f tedpt ö p&Sad om vu©Pmtm;jzifh wlaom tvk;H pkaH om
awblruw&m;taygif;udk ,ltyf\/ wpfenf;um;-yPmr0pDab'o'ónf
Am[d&m,we rnf\/ xdyk Pmr0pDab'o'ÉiS hf Am[d&m,wetjzpfjzifh
vu©Pmwlaom <uif;aom Am[d&m,wewdu Yk kd ,ltyfuek \ f / yPmr0pDab'
o'úkd jzpfapwwfaom pdwKå ygÜ 'fü pdwo f nf rem,we rnf\/ apwoduo f nf
"r®m,we rnf\/ xdrk em,weç "r®m,weESpyf g;onf tZÑwu då m,we
rnf\/ xdt k m,weESpyf g;ESihf tZÑwu då m,we tjzpfjzifh vu©Pmwlaom
<uif;aom tZÑwu då m,wewdu Yk kd ,ltyfuek \ f /
aewådenf;t>ruf 11
wpfenf;um;-yPmr0pDab'o'úkd ,lojzifh xd0k pDab'o'ÉiS hf aomw

0dnmOf\ tm½kt H jzpfjzifh wlaom OwkZo'úkd ,ltyf\/ yPmr0pDab'o'úkd
,lojzifh xd0k pDab'o'ÉiS hf o[p&dwjzpfaom 0pD0n d wåo d '´½yk u f vmyfukd
,ltyf\/ þodt Yk p&So d nfjzifh vu©P[m&udk xkwt f yf\/ / þum;
vu©P[m&ü enf;t>rufwnf;/
ed½w k çdå t"dygÜ ,ç a'oemed'geç ykAmÁ y&mEkoE¨t d m;jzifh av;yg;aom
teufwu Ykd kd xif&mS ;jyjcif;vu©Pm &Sad om [m&onf pwkAsL[[m& rnf\/
xdak v;yg;wdw Yk iG f 0dN*Kd [jf yKjcif;onf ed½w k då rnf\/ a'ou\ tvdo k nf t"dygÜ ,f
rnf\/ a'oem\ taMumif;onf a'oemed'ge rnf\/ okw\ f a&SUtzdYk
aemuftzdu Yk kd ES;D aESmjcif;onf ykAmÁ y&mEkoE¨d rnf\/ wpfenf;um;-a&S;yk'Ef iS hf
aemufyk'fudk pyfjcif;onf ykAÁmy&mEkoE¨d rnf\/ xdkpwkAsL[[m&udk
xkwaf omfum;--ud&wd y&'kuH© 0duyd© wd tyaewDwd u½kPm/ udemwd y&'kau©
owd um½kPu d H [ðowd 0dAm"wd 0g u½kPm/ om"leH [',urÜeH ua&mwDwd
0g u½kPm/ uH okcH ½kEw ¨ wD d 0g u½kPm/ ud&, d wd 'kuad© wok yom&d,wDwd
0g u½kPm/ u½kPm, ed,ak wåm um½kPad um/ r[aEÅm p aom um½kPad um
pmwd r[mum½kPad um/ tx 0g u½kPH u½kPm,eH u½kPmoH0wåeH
t&[wDwd um½kPdaum/ u½kPm u½kPm,eH oDvH ,ómwd 0g
um½kPad um/ tx 0g r[wD u½kPm r[mu½kPm/ r[mu½kPm,
ed,ak wåm r[mum½kPad um/ a0ae,smeH [dwokcH emxwd tmoDowDwd
emaxm/ emxwd a0ae,s*wudavoAsoeH OywmaywDwd 0g emaxm/
emxwd ,mpwDwd 0g emaxm/ þodYk tp&So d nfjzifh cyford ;f aom yk'w f uYkd kd
0dN*Kd [jf yKtyf\/ þum; ed½w k wdå nf;/ /
aewådusrf;\ tzGifhjzpfaom t|uxmudk jyKvdkonf&Sdaomf ]]ww¬
auea|e aewå}d } tp&So d nfukd qdt k yfvsuf ]]r[mum½kPu d }H } tp&Sad om
yPmr0pDab'o'úkd qdo k nfum; q&m\ tEÅ&m,faysmufjcif;ç usr;f Ny;D jcif;
tp&Sad om tusK;d ? aomwkZewdt Yk m; yom'Zeetp&Sad om tusK;d Ny;D jcif;udk
tvd&k adS omaMumifh qdo k wnf;/ þum; t"dymÜ ,fwnf;/ /
a'oemed'gef;onf tZÑwu då ed'gef;ç Am[d&ed'gef;tm;jzifh ESpyf g; tjym;&S\
d /
xdkESpfyg;wdkYwGif aomwkZeudk tm½kHjyKí jzpfaom t&Sif"r®ygvq&m\
12 aewådt|uxmedó,
u½kPmonf tZÑwu då ed'gef; rnf\/ xdu k ½kPm\ tm½kjH zpfaom aomwkZe

taygif;onf Am[d&ed'gef; rnf\/ þum; a'oemed'gef;wnf;/
ykAmÁ y&mEkoEöd nf tw¬oE¨çd AsÍeÆ oE¨çd a'oemoE¨çd eda'óoE¨t d m;jzifh
av;yg;tjym; &Sd\/ xdkav;yg;wdkYwGif r[mum½kPduHum; emxHü *kPf
owåjd zpfaom tmo,mo,Dbm0wkvsm"du&P0daooe? emxHum; *kaP;
owådrefjzpfaom tmo,mo,Dbm0wkvsm"du&P0daoos/ tb,fodkY
*kPo f wåçd *kaP;owård ef jzpfoenf;[lru l m; r[mu½kPmawmfonf *kPo f wå?d
emxH\ t&jzpfaom bk&m;j'yfonf *kaP;owådref/ þodkY *kPfowådç
*kaP;owård ef jzpfownf;/ emxHum; 0aE´ü tm½kH taMumif; edrw d jf zpfaom
t0kwu å ?H 0aEúm; tm&r®Pu d tusK;d ypö,yk eÜ f edrw
d 0å ef jzpfaom uH\ Bu, d m/
tb,foYkd tm½kH taMumif; edrw d çf tm&r®Pu d tusK;d ypö,yk eÜ f edrw d 0å ef
jzpfoenf;[lru l m; emxH\ t&jzpfaom bk&m;j'yf\ yPmrapwemtm;
wyfaom tm&r®Pypö,owåo d nf tm½kH taMumif; edrw d ?f 0aE´\ t&jzpfaom
yPmrapwemonf tm&r®Pu d tusK;d ypö,yk eÜ f edrw d 0å ef/ þodYk tm½kH
taMumif; edrw d f tm&r®Pu d tusK;d ypö,yk eÜ f edrw d 0å ef jzpfownf;/ þodYk
tp&So d nfjzifh teuf\ pyfjcif;onf tw¬oE¨d rnf\/
r[mum½kPu d -H [laom yk'o f nf emxH-[laom yk'Ef iS hf 0daooe\
tjzpfjzifh pyf\/ emxH-[laom yk'o f nf r[mum½kPu d -H [laom yk'Ef iS hf
0daoos\ tjzpfjzifh pyf\/ emxH-[laom yk'o f nf 0aE´-[laom yk'Ef iS hf
t0kwu å \H tjzpfjzifh pyf\/ 0aE´-[laom yk'o f nf emxH-[laom yk'Ef iS hf uH\
Bu, d m\ tjzpfjzifh pyf\/ þodYk tp&So d nfjzifh yk'w f \Ykd pyfjcif;onf AsÍeÆ oE¨d
rnf\/
yPmrudk rqdkOD;bJ ]]0EémZedwH yknH? £wd ,H &wewåa,/
[wEÅ&ma,m oAÁw?¬ [kwmG [H wó awZom}} [lí qdjk cif;onf rxif/
xYakd Mumifh a&S;OD;pGm qdt k yfaom r[mum½kPu d H tp&Sad om yPmr*gxmonf
0EémZedwH tp&Sad om aemuf*gxmESihf pyf\/ wpfenf;um;--r[mum½kPu d H
tp&Sad om yPmr0pDab'o'ónf O'gef;ç £wd0w k uå tp&Sad om t|uxm
wd\Yk tpü t&Si"f r®ygvq&monfyif qdt k yfaom r[mum½kPu d H tp&Sad om
aewådenf;t>ruf 13
yPmr0pDab'o'ÉiS hf pyf\/ wpfenf;um;-okweå af 'oemawmfonf 0denf;

a'oemuJo h Ykd u½kPmawmf jy"mef;onf r[kw/f tbd"r®ma'oem uJo h vYkd nf;
ynmom jy"mef;onf r[kwf? u½kPmynmESpfyg; jy"mef;aomaMumifh?
aewådusrf;\vnf; 0daootm;jzifh ,xmEkavmromoemjzpfaom
okweå af 'oemudk rSaD omaMumifh u½kPmynmESpyf g;udk y"mejyKí qdt k yfaom
r[mum½kPu d H tp&Sad om yPmronf 'DCedum,f tp&Sad om t|uxm
wd\Yk tpü qdt k yfaom ]]u½kPmoDwv[',H? ynmyaZÆmw0d[warm[wrH/
oe&mr&avmu*½k?H 0aE´ ok*wH *wd0rd w k }Hå }-[laom yPmrpum;ESihf pyf\/
þodYk tp&So d jzifh a'oemwd\ Yk pyfjcif;onf a'oemoE¨d rnf\/
r[mum½kPduH tp&Sdaom yPmr0pDab'o'ónf wPSm'd|dudk
aumif;pGm ry,ftyfao;aom yk*Kd¾v\ f oEÅmefü jzpfaomaMumifh edów d rnf\/
xdek ó d w d udk tukovyu©jzifh jytyf\/ þodYk tp&So d nfjzifh jyjcif;onf
eda'óoE¨d rnf\/ þodt Yk p&So d nfjzifh pwkAsL[[m&udk xkwt f yf\/ /
þum; pwkAsL[[m&ü enf;t>rufwnf;/ /
a'oemü a[mtyfaom "r®w\ Ykd y'|mefukd &Smí obm*0dobm*
w&m;wdu Yk kd vnfapjcif;vu©Pm&Sad om [m&onf tm0¥[m& rnf\/
xdt k m0¥[m&udk xkwaf omfum;--- r[mum½kPu d H tp&Sad om 0pDab'o'úkd
jzpfapwwfaom ukodkvfaZmpdwåKyÜg'fonf 0D&d,jy"mef;\/ xdk0D&d,\
y'|mefum; tyÜrm'wnf;/ xdt k yÜrm'jzifh tyÜrm'vQif taMumif;&Su d ek af om
ukov kd w
f &m;wdo Yk nf vnfuek \ f / tyÜrm'\ qefu Y sibf ufum; yrm'wnf;/
xdyk rm'\ y'|mefum; aumoZÆwnf;/ xdyk rm'ç aumoZÆjzifh xdEk pS yf g;vQif
taMumif; &Su d ek af om tukov kd w f &m;wdo Yk nf vnfuek \ f / wpfenf;um;--r[m
um½kPu d H tp&Sad om yPmr0pDab'o'úkd jzpfapwwfaom ukov kd af Zm
pdwåKyÜg'fonf a,medaomreodum&ç pwkpuúorÜwådaMumifh jzpf\/
xdka,medaomreodum&ç pwkpuú orÜwådjzifh xdka,medaomreodum&ç
pwkpuúorÜwv då Qif taMumif;&Su d ek af om ukov kd wf &m;wdo Yk nf vnfuek \ f /
a,medaomreodum&ç pwkpuúorÜw\ då qefu Y sib f ufum; ta,medaom
reodum&ç pwkpuú0yd wåw d nf;/ xdk ta,medaomreodum&ç pwkpuú0yd wåjd zifh
14 aewådt|uxmedó,
xdt
k a,medaomreodum&ç pwkpuú0yd wåv d Qif taMumif;&Su d ek af om tukov kd f
w&m;wdo Yk nf vnfuek \ f / þodYk tp&So d nfjzifh tm0¥[m&udk xkwt f yf\/ /
þum; tm0¥[m&ü enf;t>rufwnf;/ /
oHudavo"r®ç a0g'ge"r®wdkYudk om"m&Pmom"m&Ptm;jzifh
vnf;aumif;? y'|meftm;jzifv h nf;aumif;? bkt H m;jzifv h nf;aumif; a0zefjcif;
vu©Pm&Sad om [m&onf 0dbwåd[m& rnf\/ xd0k b d wå[d m&onf "r®0b d wåçd
blrd0dbwådç y'|me0dbwådtm;jzifh okH;yg; tjym;&Sd\/ xdk0dbwåd[m&udk
xkwfaomfum;--- r[mum½kPduH tp&Sdaom yPmr*gxmonf 0goem
bm*d,ç edaAÁ"bm*d, tm;jzifh ESpyf g;wdw Yk iG f yPmrapwemwnf;[laom
0dnwftzdYk &Sad omaMumifh 0goembm*d, rnf\/ xd0k goembm*d,jzpfaom
yPmr*gxm\ t&um; 0pDab'o'´ç xd0k pDab'o'´\ taMumif;jzpfaom
ukov kd af ZmpdwKå ygÜ 'fwnf;/ xdEk pS yf g;wdw Yk iG f 0pDab'o'ónf ykxZk Ofy*k Kd¾ vçf
aou©yk*¾dKvfç taou©yk*¾dKvfwdkYESifh qufqH\/ ukodkvfaZmpdwåKyÜg'fonf
ykxZk Ofy*k Kd¾ vçf aou©y*k Kd¾ vw
f EYkd iS hf qufq\ H ? taou©y*k Kd¾ vw f EYkd iS hf rqufq/H
0pDab'o'´\ o'´-[laom trnfonf cyford ;f aom o'´wEYkd iS hf qufq\ H ?
"r®wmoabmum; rqufqH/ ukodkvfaZmpdwåKyÜg'f\ ukodkvf-[laom
trnfonf cyfodrf;aom ukodkvfwdkYESifh qufqH\? "r®wmoabmum;
rqufq/H þum; "r®0b d wåw d nf;/ r[mum½kPu d H tp&Sad om 0pDab'o'´ç
xd0k pDab'o'´\ taMumif;jzpfaom ukov kd af Zm pdwKå ygÜ 'fonf bkt H m;jzifu
h m;
umrm0p&bkH rnf\/ ykxZk OfoEÅmefü jzpfaomaMumifh ykxZk eÆ bkH rnf\/ þum;
blrd0dbwådwnf;/ r[mum½kPduH tp&Sdaom 0pDab'\ y'|mefum;
ukov kd af ZmpdwKå ygÜ 'fwnf;/ xdpk w d Kå ygÜ 'f\ y'|mefum; a,medaomreodum&
tp&So d nfwnf;/ wpfenf;um;-ukov kd af ZmpdwKå ygÜ 'fonf yPmr0pDab'o'´\
y'|mefwnf;/ xdk0pDab'o'ónf tEÅ&m,f aysmufjcif; tp&SdonfwdkY\
y'|mefwnf;/ þum; y'|me0dbwåw d nf;/ þodYk tp&So d nfjzifh 0dbwå[ d m&udk
xkwt f yf\/ / þum; 0dbwå[ d m&ü enf;t>rufwnf;/ /
okwüf a[mtyfaom ukov kd f tukov kd wf &m;wdu Yk kd y#dyu©tm;jzifh
vnfapjcif;vu©Pm&Sad om [m&onf y&d0wåe[m& rnf\/ xdyk &d0wåe
aewådenf;t>ruf 15
[m&udk xkwaf omfum;--r[mum½kPu d tH p&Sad om yPmr0pDab'o'úkd

jzpfapwwfaom ukov kd af ZmpdwKå ygÜ 'fonf a,medaomreodum&aMumifh jzpf\/
xdka,medaomreodum&udk jyKaomoltm; ta,medaomreodum&
aysmuf\/ ta,medaomreodum&aMumifh jzpfaom tukodkvfw&m;wdkY
onfvnf; aysmufuek \ f / a,medaomreodum&aMumifh jzpfaom ukov kd wf &m;
wdo Yk nf yGm;uke\ f / wpfenf;um;- r[mum½kPu d H tp&Sad om yPmrudk
jyKaom q&mtm; Oyapä'uç Oy"d|w d tukov kd u
f aH Mumifh jzpfaom a&m*g
tp&Sad om tEÅ&m,fwo Ykd nf aysmufuek \ f / yPmrudk jyKjcif;aMumifh a&m*g
tp&Sad om tEÅ&m,f r&Srd í l usr;f Ny;D jcif;ç 'd|mEk*wd tp&Sad om tusK;d wdo Yk nf
jzpfuek çf yGm;uke\ f / þodYk tp&So d nfjzifh y&d0wåe[m&udk xkwt f yf\/ /
þum; y&d0wåe[m&ü enf;t>rufwnf;/ /
wpfcak om teufü rsm;pGmaom y&d,m,fo'´gwdu Yk kd ,SOjf cif;vu©Pm
&Sad om [m&onf a00pe[m& rnf\/ xdak 00pe[m&udk xkwaf omfum;---
Ak'ç¨ 'oAvç ow¬mç oAÁnLç 'Gyd 'kwrå ç rkeEd ç´ b*0g tp&So d nfwo Ykd nf bk&m;\
y&d,m,fa00kpw f nf;/ 0E´mrdç earç ermrd tp&So d nfwu Ykd m; 0aE´[al om
Bud,m\ y&d,m,fa00kpfwnf;/ þodkY tp&Sdonfjzifh a00pe[m&udk
xkwt f yf\/ / þum; a00pe[m&ü enf;t>rufwnf;/ /
wpfcak om w&m;udk rsm;pGmaom ynwfjzifh odapaom tjcif;t&mudk
jyjcif;vu©Pm&Sdaom [m&onf ynwåd[m& rnf\/ xdkynwåd[m&udk
xkwfaomfum;--- r[mum½kPduH[laom ynwfonf jrwfaom*kPfç
u½kPm*kPu f kd pGíJ a[mtyfaomaMumifh Oyg'gynwf rnf\/ oDvç orm"dç
arwåm tp&Sad om *kPw f u
Ykd kd axmufí qdt k yfaomaMumifh Oyed"mynwf
rnf\/ r[mu½kPm- [laom *kPo f nf y&rw¬tm;jzifh xif&mS ;&Sad omaMumifh
0dZrÆ meynwf rnf\/ oAÁnKwÓPf\ taMumif;jzpfaom r[mu½kPmudk
odapaomaMumifh yb0ynwf rnf\/ wpfenf;um;-r[mum½kPduH?
aO,som*&yg&*k-H [laom ynwfonf tpjzpfaom u½kPmç tqk;H jzpfaom
oAÁnKwÓPfjzifh rsm;pGmaom *kPfawmfwdkYudk odapwwfaomaMumifh
taeu"mynwf rnf\/ þodYk tp&So d nfjzifh ynwå[ d m&udk xkwt f yf\/
þum; ynwå[ d m&ü enf;t>rufwnf;/ /
16 aewådt|uxmedó,
y#dpöorkyÜg'f tp&SdonfwdkYjzifh oGif;jcif;vu©Pm&Sdaom [m&onf

Mow&P[m& rnf\/ xdMk ow&P[m&udk r[mum½kPu d H tp&Sad om
0pDab'o'údk jzpfapwwfaom yPmrapwemonf ocFg& rnf\/
xdo
k cFg&onf t0dZmÆ taMumif; &S\ d / t0dZmÆ aMumifh ocFg&? ocFg&aMumifh 0dnmOf?
0dnmOfaMumifh emrf½yk ?f emrf½yk af Mumifh oVm,we? oVm,weaMumifh zó?
zóaMumifh a0'em? a0'emaMumifh wPSm? wPSmaMumifh Oyg'ge? Oyg'geaMumifh
b0? b0aMumif h Zmwd ? Zmwd a Mumif h Z&mr&P aomuy&d a '0
'ku©a'greóOyg,mowdkYonf jzpfukef\/ þum; y#dpöorkyÜg'ftm;jzifh
oGi;f jcif;wnf;/ yPmr0pDab'o'ónf edów d wnf;/ edów d \ edó,ESihf
ruif;&maomaMumifh edó,jzpfaom r[mbkwaf v;yg; wdu Yk kd ,ltyfuek \ f /
xdrk [mbkwaf v;yg;wnf;-[laom edó,\ edów d ESihf ruif;&maomaMumifh
<uif;aom Oyg'g½kyw f uYkd kd ,ltyfuek \
f / xd½k yk t f aygif;onf ½lyu©Em¨ rnf\/
yPmr0pDab'o'úkd jzpfapwwfaom pdwKå ygÜ 'fü a0'emonf a0'eu©Em¨ ?
onmonf onu©Em¨ ? a0'emonmrS <uif;aom apwoduo f nf ocFg&u©Em¨ ?
pdwfonf 0dnmPu©E¨m rnf\/ þum; cE¨mtm;jzifh oGif;jcif;wnf;/
qdktyfNyD;aom enf;jzifh ,ltyfaom ½kyfwdkYwGif ½lyg½kHonf ½lyg,we?
yPmr0pDab'o'ónf o'´g,we? *E¨m½ko H nf *E¨m,we? &om½ko H nf
&om,we? yx0D awaZm 0ga,m[k qdt k yfaom r[mbkwo f ;Hk yg;onf
azm|AÁm,we? pdwo f nf rem,we? okcrk ½kyf apwoduo f nf "r®m,we
rnf\/ þum; tm,wetm;jzifh oGif;jcif;wnf;/ ½lyg½kHonf ½ly"mwf?
yPmr0pDab'o'ónf o'´"mwf? *E¨m½ko H nf *E¨"mwf? &om½ko H nf &o"mwf?
yx0D awaZm 0ga,m-[k qdt k yfaom r[mbkwf ok;H yg;onf aAm|AÁ"mwf?
pdwo f nf raem0dnmP"mwf? okcrk ½kyf apwoduo f nf "r®"mwf rnf\/ þum;
"mwftm;jzifh oGi;f jcif; wnf;/ yPmr0pDab'o'úkd jzpfapwwfaom pdwKå ygÜ 'fü
aomreóa0'emonf aomreódaÈ´? o'¨gap-wodufonf o'¨daÈ´?
owdapwoduo f nf owdaÈ´? 0D&d,apwodufonf 0D&d,daÈ´? {u*¾wm
apwoduo f nf orm"daÈ?´ ynmapwoduo f nf yndaÈ´ rnf\/ þum;
£aÈ´tm;jzifh oGif;jcif;wnf;/ þodkY tp&Sdonfjzifh Mow&P[m&udk
xkwt f yf\/ / þum; Mow&P[m&ü enf;t>rufwnf;/
aewådenf;t>ruf 17
oH0aPÖwAÁow k üf vmaom y'ç tw¬ç yO§mç tm&rÇwu Ykd kd okwof ifjcif;

vu©Pm&Sdaom [m&onf aom"e[m& rnf\/ xdkaom"e[m&udk
xkwaf omfum;--r[mum½kPu d o
H nf y'ok'o d¨ mwnf;? tm&rÇo'k d¨ r[kw/f
þtwl emxHç aO,som*&yg&*kHç 0aE´[laom okH;yk'fwdkYonfvnf;
y'ok'o d¨ mwnf;? tm&rÇo'k d¨ r[kw/f edyP k *rÇ&D 0dpMd we,a'oeHonfum;
y'ok'¨dvnf; jzpf\? tm&rÇok'¨dvnf; jzpf\/ þodkY tp&Sdonfjzifh
aom"e[m&udk xkwt f yf\/ þum; aom"e[m&ü enf;t>rufwnf;/ /
okwüf vmukeaf om w&m;wdu Yk kd omrn0daootm;jzifh rMurH í l okwüf
vmwdik ;f omrn0daooudk xkwjf cif;vu©Pm&Sad om [m&onf t"d|me[m me[m&&
rnf\/ xdt k "d|me[m&udk xkwaf omfum;--yPmr0pDab'o'´ç xdyk Pmr
0pDab'udk jzpfapwwfaom pdwåKyÜg'fonf 'ku©opömwnf;/ þum;
omrnwnf;/ Zmwd'u k ç© Z&m'kuç© r&P'ku© tp&So d nfum; 0daoownf;/
wpfenf;um;-- emxHum; omrnwnf;/ r[mum½kPu d çH aO,som*&yg&*kçH
edykP*rÇD&0dpdMwe,a'oeHum; 0daoownf;/ 0aEúm; omrnwnf;/
uma,e 0aE´ç 0gpm, 0aE´ç reom 0aEúm; 0daoownf;/ þodkY
tp&So d nfjzifh t"d|me[m&udk xkwt f yf\/ / þum; t"d|me[m&ü
enf;t>rufwnf;/ /
oH0aPÖwAÁokwfü vmaomw&m;wdkYudk a[wktaMumif;ç ypö,
taMumif;tm;jzifh xkwjf cif; vu©Pm&Sad om [m&onf y&du©m&[m& rnf\/
xdyk &dum© &[m&udk xkwaf omfum;--pdwZå yx0D"mwf? ur®Zyx0D"mwfw\ Ykd
xdyg;jcif;onf r[mum½kPu d H tp&Sad om 0pDab'o'´\ a[wktaMumif;
wnf;/ xd0k pDab'o'úkd jzpfapwwfaom ukov kd af ZmpdwKå ygÜ 'fonf ypö,
taMumif;wnf;/
wpfenf;um;-xdpk w d Kå ygÜ 'fonf o[Zmwm'dowåçd Zeuowåt d m;jzifh
aus;Zl;jyKaomaMumifh a[wktaMumif;wnf;/ a,medaomreodum&
tp&So d nfwo Ykd nf yuwlyedó,owåt d m;jzifh tqifq h ifh aus;Zl; jyKaomaMumifh
ypö,taMumif;wnf;/
18 aewådt|uxmedó,
wpfenf;um;-r[mbkwaf v;yg;onf obm*jzpfaomaMumifh yPmr

0pDab'o'´\ a[wktaMumif;wnf;/ xd0k pDab'o'úkd jzpfapwwfaom
pdwKå ygÜ 'fum; 0dobm*jzpfaomaMumifh ypö,taMumif;wnf;/ yPmr0pDab'
o'úkd jzpfapwwfaom ukov kd af ZmpdwKå ygÜ 'f ckepfcsuw f w
Ykd iG f a&S;a&S;aom
pdwKå ygÜ 'fonf teEÅ&m'dowåçd Zeuowåjd zifh aus;Zl;jyKaomaMumifh a[wk
taMumif;wnf;/ a,medaomreodum&ç pwkpuúorÜwdå tp&So d nfwu Ykd m;
tqifq h ifh yuwlyedó,owåjd zifh aus;Zl;jyKaomaMumifh ypö,taMumif;wnf;/
þodYk tp&So d nfjzifh y&dum© &[m&udk xkwt f yf\/ / þum; y&dum© &[m&ü
enf;t>rufwnf;/
okwüf vmukeaf om w&m;wdu Yk kd y'|mefç a00kpçf bm0emç y[metm;jzifh
wifjcif;vu©Pm &Sad om [m&onf orma&mye[m& rnf\/ xdo k rma&mye
[m&udk r[mum½kPduH tp&Sdaom yPmr0pDab'o'´\ y'|mefum;
xd0k pDab'o'úkd jzpfapwwfaom ukov kd af ZmpdwKå ygÜ 'fwnf;/ xdpk w d Kå ygÜ 'f\
y'|mefum; a,medaomreodum&wnf;/ xdka,medaomreodum&\
y'|mefum; e0ru©Pç pwkpuúorÜwådwnf;/ wpfenf;um;-e0ru©Pç
pwk p uú o rÜ w d å o nf a,med a omreod u m&\ y'|mef / a,med a om
reodum&onf yPmr0pDab'o'úkd jzpfapwwfaom ukov kd af ZmpdwKå ygÜ 'f\
y'|mef/ ukov kd af ZmpdwKå ygÜ 'fonf yPmr0pDab'o'´\ y'|mef/ yPmr
0pDab'o'ónf tEÅ&m,0daom"eç 'd|mEk*wdtmyZÆe tp&So d nfw\ Ykd
y'|mefwnf;/ wpfenf;um;-yPmr0pDab'o'údk jzpfapwwfaom
ukov kd af ZmpdwKå ygÜ 'f\ y'|mefum; okp½du k o f ;Hk yg;wnf;/ þum; y'|me
orma&myewnf;/ a00pe[m&ü qdt k yfNy;D aom enf;jzifh y&d,m,fo'´gwdu Yk kd
wifjcif;onf a00peorma&mye rnf\/ r[mum½kPduH tp&Sdaom
yPmr0pDab'o'úkd jzpfapwwfaom ukov kd af ZmpdwKå ygÜ 'fonf owdjy"mef;\/
xdo k wdjzifh owdy|mefav;yg;wdo Yk nf yGm;uke\ f / owdy|mefav;yg; yGm;ukef
onf&adS omf or®y"Ü mefav;yg;wdo Yk nf yGm;uke\ f / or®y"Ü mefav;yg; yGm;ukeo f nf
&Sad omf £'ÿd g'fav;yg;wdo Yk nf yGm;uke\ f / £'ÿd g'fav;yg; yGm;ukeo f nf&adS omf
£aÈi´ g;yg;wdo Yk nf yGm;uke\ f / £aÈi´ g;yg; yGm;ukeo f nf&adS omf aAmZÑicf ek pfyg;
aewådenf;t>ruf 19
wdo Yk nf yGm;uke\ f / aAmZÑicf ek pfyg; yGm;ukeo f nf&adS omf r*¾i&f pS yf g;wdo Yk nf

yGm;uke\ f / þodYk ok;H q,fch ek pfyg;aom aAm"dyu©, d w&m;wdo Yk nf yGm;uke\ f /
wpfenf;um;-yPmr0pDab'o'úkd jzpfapwwfaom ukov kd pf w
d Kå ygÜ 'f\
taMumif;um; a,medaomreodum&wnf;/ xdak ,medaomreodum&jzifh
owdy|mefav;yg;wdo Yk nf yGm;uke\ f /v/ þodYk ok;H q,hcf ek pfyg;aom aAm"d
yu©, d w&m;wdo Yk nf yGm;uke\ f / þum; bm0emorma&myewnf;/ owdy|mef
av;yg; yGm;ukeo f nf&adS omf 0dyv’moav;yg; tp&So d nfwo Ykd nf y,fjcif;odYk
a&mufukef\/ or®yÜ"mefav;yg; tp&SdonfwdkYonf yGm;ukefonf &Sad omf
xdw k &m;wd\ Yk qefu Y sib f ufjzpfaom w&m;wdo Yk nf y,fjcif;odYk a&mufuek \ f /
þum; y[meorma&myewnf;/ þodYk tp&So d nfjzifh orma&mye[m&udk
xkwt f yf\/ / þum; orma&mye[m&ü enf;t>rufwnf;/
wpfq,fh ajcmufyg;aom [m&udk xkwaf om enf;t>rufum; Ny;D Ny/D /
enf;onf eE´, d m0¥enf;ç wdyu k v © enf;ç oD[0duVDú wd enf;ç 'domavm-
peenf;ç tuFo k enf;tm;jzifh ig;yg; tjym;&S\ d / xdik g;yg;wdwYk iG f wPSmt0dZmÆ
wdjYkzifh udavoyu©jzpfaom w&m;wdu Yk ?kd orx0dyóemjzifh a0g'geyu© jzpfaom
w&m;wdu Yk kd opömav;yg;ESihf ,SOí f aqmifjcif;vu©Pm &Sad om enf;onf
eEd´,m0¥enf; rnf\/ xdek E´, d m0¥enf;udk r[mum½kPu d H tp&Sad om
yPmr0pDab'o'úkd ,lojzifh xd0k pDab'o'ÉiS hf o[p&dw jzpfaom ½kyw f u Ykd kd
,ltyf\/ xdk½kyftaygif;onf ½lyu©E¨m rnf\/ yPmr 0pDab'o'úkd
jzpfapwwfaom pdwKå ygÜ 'fü a0'emonf a0'emu©Em¨ ç onmonf onmu©Em¨ ç
a0'emonmrS <uif;aom apwoduo f nf ocFg&u©Em¨ ç pdwo f nf 0dnmPu©Em¨
rnf\/ xdck E¨mig;yg;wd\ Yk tusK;d jzpfjcif;aMumifh tusK;d \vnf; taMumif;ESihf
ruif;jcif;aMumifh taMumif;jzpfaom wPSmt0dZÆmudkvnf; ,ltyf\/
xd k w PS m t0d Z Æ m \ y[mwAÁ j zpf j cif ; aMumif h y[mwAÁ w &m;\vnf ;
y[m,uESihf ruif;jcif;aMumifh y[m,uy#dyu© jzpfaom orx0dyóem
udv k nf; ,ltyf\/ xdw k &m;wdw Yk iG f oHuad voyu©EiS hf wPSmonf yXrm 'dom
rnf\/ t0dZmÆ onf 'kw, d m 'dom rnf\/ a0g'geyu©ü orxonf yXrm
'dom rnf\/ 0dyóemonf 'kw, d m 'dom rnf\/ þodYk Munf½h q I ifjcif
20 aewådt|uxmedó,
jcif;onf 'domavmpeenf; rnf\/ pdwjf zifh Munf½h q I ifjcifí pdwjf zifyh if

,SOjf cif;onf tuFkoenf; rnf\/ xdw k &m;wdw Yk iG f wPSm t0dZmÆ onf 0#f\
rlvjzpfaomaMumifh ork',opöm rnf\/ qdt k yfNy;D aom cE¨mig;yg;onf
'kuo © pöm rnf\/ orx0dyóemonf r*¾opöm rnf\/ xdrk *¾opömjzifh
a&muftyfaom tocFw"mwfonf eda&m"opöm rnf\/ þodt Yk p&So d nfjzifh
eE´,d m0¥enf;udk xkwt f yf\/ / þum; eE´, d m0¥enf;ü t>rufwnf;/ /
tukovrlvok;H yg;wdjYk zifh oHuad voyu©jzpfaom w&m;wdu Yk ?kd ukov
rlvokH;yg;wdkYjzifh a0g'geyu©jzpfaom w&m;wdkYudk opömav;yg;ESifh ,SOfí
aqmifjcif;vu©Pm&Sad om enf;onf wdyku©venf; rnf\/ xdw k yd u k v © enf;udk
yXre,ü qdktyfNyD;aom enf;jzifh xkwftyfaom wPSmt0dZÆmwdkYwGif
wPSmonf avmb? t0dZmÆ onf arm[ rnf\/ xd[ k w d Ef pS yf g;udk ,lojzifh
xd[k w d Ef pS yf g;wdEYk iS hf tukov kd [ f w d \ f tjzpfjzifh wlaom a'go[dwu f v kd nf;
,ltyf\/ xdt k ukov kd [ f wd o f ;Hk yg;wdu Yk kd ,lojzifv h nf; xd[ k wd w f \ Ykd y#dyu©
jzpfaom ukov kd [f w d o f ;Hk yg;wdu Yk v kd nf; ,ltyfuek \ f / wpfenf;um;- yXre,ü
xkwt f yfaom orx0dyóemwdw Yk iG f orxonf tavmb ta'go rnf\/
0dyóemonf tarm[ rnf\/ xdw k &m;wdw Yk iG f oHuad voyu©ü avmbonf
yXrm 'dom? a'goonf 'kw, d m 'dom? arm[onf wwd,m 'dom rnf\/
a0g'geyu©ü tavmbonf yXrm 'dom? ta'goonf 'kw, d m 'dom?
tarm[onf wwd,m 'dom rnf\/ þodkY Munfh½Iqifjcifjcif;onf
'domavmpeenf; rnf\/ pdwjf zifh Munf½h q I ifjcifí pdwjf zifyh if ,SOjf cif;onf
tuFkoenf; rnf\/ xdw k &m;wdw Yk iG f tukov kd [f w
d o f ;Hk yg;wdo Yk nf 0#f\
rlvjzpfaomaMumifh ork',opöm rnf\/ qdt k yfNy;D aom cE¨mig;yg;onf
'kuo © pöm rnf\/ ukov kd [f w d o f ;Hk yg;wdo Yk nf r*¾opöm rnf\/ xdrk *¾opömjzifh
a&muftyfaom tocFw"mwfonf eda&m"opöm rnf\/ þodt Yk p&So d nfjzifh
wdyu k v © enf;udk xkwt f yf\/ / þum; wdyu k v © enf;ü t>rufwnf;/ /
okbonmtp&Sdaom 0dyv’mowdkYjzifh oHudavoyu©jzpfaom
w&m;wdu Yk ?kd o'¨gtp&Sad om £aÈw ´ jYkd zifh a0g'geyu©jzpfaom w&m;wdu Yk kd
21
aewådenf;t>ruf
opömav;yg;ESihf ,SOí f aqmifjcif;vu©Pm&Sad om enf;onf oD[0duúDVdwenf;
rnf\/ xdkoD[0duúDVdwenf;udk xkwfaomfum;---qdktyfNyD;aom enf;jzifh
xkwftyfaom wPSç t0dZÆmwdkYwGif wPSm\tpGrf;tm;jzifh okbonmç
okconm? t0dZmÆ \ tpGr;f tm;jzifh edpo ö nmç twåonm jzpf\/ þodYk
av;yg;aom 0dyv’mowdo Yk nf jzpfuek \ f / xd0k yd v’moav;yg;wd\ Yk y[mwAÁ
jzpfjcif;aMumifh y[mwAÁ\vnf; y[m,uESihf ruif;jcif;aMumif?h y[m,u
y#dyu©jzpfaom owdy|mefav;yg;wdu Yk v kd nf; ,ltyfuek \ f /
wpfenf;um;-qdt k yfNy;D aom enf;jzifh xkwt f yfaom orxç 0dyóem
wdw Yk iG f 0dyóemonf yndaÈ´ rnf\/ xdyk ndaÈu ´ kd ,lojzifh o'äd Èt ´ p&So
d nf
wdu Yk v
kd nf; ,ltyfuek \ f / xd£ k aÈw ´ u Ykd kd ,lojzifh owdy|mefav;yg;wdu Yk kd
,ltyfuek \ f / xdo k wdy|mefav;yg;wdw Yk iG f um,mEkyóemowdy|mefonf
tokbonm? a0'emEkyóemonf 'ku©onm? pdwåmEkyóemonf
tedpo ö nm? "r®mEkyóemowdy|mefonf tewåonm rnf\/ xdw k &m; wdwYk iG f
oHuad voyu©ü okbonmonf yXrm 'dom? okconmonf 'kw, d m 'dom?
edpöonmonf wwd,m 'dom? twåonm onf pwkw¬'dom rnf\/
a0g'geyu©ü tokbonmonf yXrm 'dom? 'ku©onmonf 'kwd,m
'dom?tedpo ö nmonf wwd,m 'dom? tewåonmonf pwkw'¬ o d m rnf\/
þodYk pdwjf zifh Munf½h q I ifjcifjcif;onf 'domavmpeenf; rnf\/ 'domavmpe
enf;jzifh 'domjzpfaom w&m;wdu Yk kd Munf½h q I ifjcifjcif;Ny;D í xd'k o d mjzpfaom
w&m;wdu Yk kd aumif;pGm tnDtñGwf aqmifjcif;onf tuFkoenf; rnf\/
xdw k &m;wdw Yk iG f 0dyv’moav;yg;wdo Yk nf ork',opöm rnf\/ xd0k yd v’mo
wd\ Yk wnf&mtm½kjH zpfaom cE¨mig;yg;wdo Yk nf 'kuo © pöm rnf\/ owdy|mef
av;yg;wdo Yk nf r*¾opöm rnf\/ xdrk *¾opömjzifh a&muftyfaom tocFw"mwf
onf eda&m"opöm rnf\/ þodt Yk p&So d nfjzifh oD[0duVDú w d enf;udk xkwt f yf\/
þum; oD[0duVDú w d enf;ü t>rufwnf;/ /
qdtk yfNy;D aom enf;ok;H yg;wdo Yk nf tw¬e, rnf\/ xdt k w¬e, ok;H yg;
Ny;D ojzifh 'domavmpeç tuFo k [k qdt k yfaom a0g[m&enf; ESpyf g; Ny;D \/
xdaYk Mumifh tw¬e,ok;H yg;wd\ Yk 'domjzpfaom w&m;wdu Yk kd þw&m;um; yXrm
22 aewådt|uxmedó,
'dom? þw&m;um; 'kw, d m 'dom tp&So d nfjzifh Munf½h q I ifjcifjcif;onf

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I ifjcifNy;D í aumif;pGm tnDtñGwf aqmifjcif;onf tuFkoenf;
Munf½h q
rnf\/ xdek nf;ESpyf g;wd\ Yk toD;aqmifí a,mZemtyfaomw&m; r&S/d /
þum; 'domavmpeenf; tuFo k enf;ü t>rufwnf;/ /
xdek nf;wdw
Yk iG f eE´,d m0¥enf;ü wPSmç t0dZmÆ ç orxç 0dyóemtm;jzifh
rlvy'av;yg;? oHuad voyu©ü 'domESpyf g;? a0g'geyu©ü 'domESpyf g;tm;jzifh
av;yg;aom 'domwdu Yk kd &tyfuek \ f / wdyu k v © enf;ü [dw\ f tpGr;f tm;jzifh
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ajcmufyg;aom 'domwdu Yk kd &tyfuek \ f / oD[0duVDú w d enf;ü 0dyv’moav;yg;
owdy|mefav;yg;tm;jzifh rlvy'&Spfyg;? oHudavoyu©ü 'domav;yg;?
a0g'geyu©ü 'domav;yg;tm;jzifh &Spyf g;aom 'domwdu Yk kd &tyfuek \ f / ig;yg;aom
enf;udk xkwaf om enf;t>rufum; Ny;D Ny/D /
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tp&S d a om *gxmud k qd k a wmf r l o wnf ; /
«|? 1» t[H ? onf / r[mum½k P d u H 1 ? jrwf a om u½k P mü
,SOaf wmfrxl aom/ 0g? jrwfaom u½kPm\ jzpfjcif;udk xdu k af wmfrx
l aom/
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[k jyK/
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tm&r®Pypön;f jzpfaomaMumifh edAmÁ ef\ [dwt f eufukd odtyf\/ y&Hy&taMumif;
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[dwt f euf ESpyf g; oifo
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24 aewådt|uxmedó,
aMumif/h avmuawm? cE¨mtp&Sad om avmurS/ ed,sE?dÅ xGuaf jrmufuek \ f /

Owår?H jrwfaom/ or®morÁK'y¨ Zl w
d ?H jrwfpmG bk&m;onf aumif;pGm rS0D jJ cif;
tp&Sdaomtm;jzifh ylaZmftyfawmfrlxaom/ wH "r® H ? xdkq,fyg;aom
w&m;awmfu/kd 0aE´ 0E´mrd? \/ /
þodkY tusOf;tm;jzifh tvkH;pkHaom w&m;*kPfwdkYjzifh w&m;awmfudk
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a,m t&d,oHaCm? onf/ oDvm'd*kPorÜaEém? oDvtp&Sdaom
aus;Zl;wdEYk iS hf jynfph aHk wmfr\
l / 0g? jynfph aHk om oDvtp&Sad om aus;Zl; &Sad wmfr\
l /
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ykn?H onf/ tw¬?d \/ wó yknó? \/ awZom? tpGr;f jzif/h oAÁw?¬
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azsmuftyfNy;D aom tEÅ&m,f &So
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þod k Y &wewå , yPmr\ ya,mZOf u d k jyNyD ; í ,ck t cg tw¬
oH 0 PÖ e m\ taMumif ; jzpf a om tbd , mpuud k v nf ; aumif ; ? tw¬
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udkvnf;aumif; jytHhaomiSm ]Xdwð tmucFrmaee} tp&Sdaom *gxmudk
qd k a wmf r l o wnf ; /
*E¦m&rÇuxm 25
t[H? onf/ o'¨r®aewåd,m? olawmfaumif;w&m;wnf;-[laom

aewåd\/ 0g? olawmfaumif;w&m;odkY aqmifwwfaom aewåd\/ pd&H?
Mumjrifph mG aom omoemawmf ig;axmifumvywfv;Hk / Xdw1ð ? rjywfwnfjcif;ud/k
tmucF r maee maee? tvdk&Sdaom/ 0g? awmifhwaom/ "r® & u© d w emare?
"r®&u©w d trnf&adS om/ axa&e? onf/ tbd,mpdawm? t½dt k ao a&SU½I
&nfrw S f awmif;yeftyfonf/ [kwmG ? í/ (u&dómrdoYkd oGm;)/
y'krwk &å emxó? y'krw k &å jrwfpmG bk&m;\/ yg'rlav? ajc&if;awmfü/
y0wåw d ?H jzpfaptyfaom/ rw¬u?H tNy;D od/Yk orÜw?Hå a&mufaom/ ,ó
r[mupöm,eax&ó? \/ tbde[ D m&H? qkawmif;jcif;ud/k yówm yóaEÅe?
jrifawmfral om/
wm'dem? onf;cHjcif; aus;Zl;&Sad wmfrx l aom/ 0g? tvk;H pkaH om £|m½kH
ted|m½kH avmu"Hw&m;wdüYk wkev f yI jf cif; r&Sx
d aom/ trSmuH? wk\ Yd / b*0wm?
onf/ oHcw d ?Hå tusO;f a[mtyfaom w&m;ud/k 0dbZEÅmeH? a0zefuek af om
olww Ykd iG /f 0g? olwxYkd uf/ {aom? þupön;f rax&fonf/ ta*¾g? jrwf\/ £wd?
od/Yk {w'*¾o?ð® {w'*ft&mü/ Xydawm? xm;tyfaom/ r[mom0ukwaå rm?
r[mom0ujrwf jzpfwwfxaom/
qVmbdanm? ajcmufyg;aom tbdnmOf&Sdxaom/ 0odyÜawåm?
tm0ZÆetp&Sad om 0oDabmfoUkd a&mufxaom/ ybdEyé #dorÇad 'g? tjym;odYk
a&mufaom y#dorÇd'gÓPf&Sdxaom/ orÁKa'ë? onf/ yoHodawm?
cs;D rGr;f awmfrx l aom/ (y@dawm bdua© 0 r[mupöm,aem? r[myanm
bd u © a 0 r[mupö m ,aem tp&S d o nf j zif h csD ; rG r f ; onf [l v d k a omf ) /
r[mupöm,aem ,aem? r[mupön;f trnf&adS om/ a,m axa&m? onf/ tw¬?d \/
1/ Xd w ð tmucF r maee / / xdk*gxmwdkYü ]]Xdwð tmucFrmaee pd&H

o'¨ra® ewå,d m}} [laom ygXfjzifh tw¬o0H PÖem\ tusK;d ud?k tbd,mpdawm[laom
ygXfjzifh tbd,mpuud?k u&dómrw¬0PÖeH [laom ygXfjzifh yd@w¬u?dk wH Oyedóm,
tp&Sad om ygXfjzifh u&PyÜum&udk jyownf;/
26 aewådt|uxmedó,
«|? 2» awe axa&e? onf/ bmodwm? a[mtyfaom/ ow¬m&m?

onf/ tEkarm'dwm? 0rf;ajrmufawmfrltyfxaom/ 0g? tEkarm'em
ac:tyfxaom/ e0*Fó? udk;yg;aom t*Fg&Sdaom/ omoeó? tm;/
o'g,wåm? tcgcyfodrf;pyfxaom/ (o'g tm,wåm yk'fjzwf)/ 0g?
xuf0ef;usirf S aumif;pGm pyfaom/ (o tm,wåm yk'jf zwf)/ tw¬0PÖem?
teufukd zGi&hf mzGiahf Mumif; jzpfxaom/ ,m aewå?d tMuifaewåu d sr;f onf/
tw¬?d \/
wóm aewå, d m? \/ (tw¬o0H PÖemü pyf)/ *rÇ&D ÓaP[d? eufeaJ om
ÓPfwdkYjzifh/ 0g? eufeJaom ÓPf&Sdaom t&d,mwdkYonf/ Mo*ga[wAÁ
bm0awm? ouftyfonf\ tjzpfaMumif/h tw¬o0H PÖem? teuftzGiu hf /kd
0g? t|uxmud/k r,m? onf/ umwk?H iSm/ udÍmö yd 'ku&ú m? tu,fíum;
cJ,Of;\&Si/hf
wxmyd? xdo k Ykd cJ,Of;vQi;f rlvnf;/ ,o®m? aMumif/h o[ oH0PÖe?H
t|uxmESifh wuGjzpfaom/ ow¬KomoeH? jrwfpGmbk&m;\ y&d,wåd
omoemawmfonf/ "&aw? wnf\/ 0g? xif&mS ;&S\ d / ykAmÁ p&d,oD[meH?
a&S;q&mjrwfwdkY\/ (oD[o'´gum; ormofyk'f\ aemufü jzpf&um;
Owårteufudk a[mownf;)/ 0dedpäa,m p? onfvnf;/ (po'´gum;
qnf;onf)/ wd|aw0? wnfovQiu f wnf;/
wo®m? aMumifh/ wH? xdkt|uxmESifh wuGaom y&d,wådomoem
q&mjrwfw\ Ykd tqk;H tjzwfu/kd Oyedóm,? trSjD yKí/ (u&dómrdü pyf)/ yÍöyd
eduma,? ig;yg;aom edum,fwo Ykd v
Ykd nf;/ Mo*ga[wGme? oufí/ ay#auemyd?
ay#aumya'ousrf;ESifhvnf;/ oHoE´dwGm? ESD;aESmí/ r[m0d[m&0goDeH?
r[m0d[m&ausmif;ü oDwif;ok;H ukeaf om rax&fw\ Ykd / ok0od 'k ?H¨ aumif;pGm
pifMu,fxaom/ toHudPÖH? a&m,Sufjcif; r&Sdxaom/ edykPw¬0dedpä,H?
odraf rGUaomteuf tqk;H tjzwf &Sx d aom/ or,H? t,lu/kd t0davmr,H
t0davmr,aEÅm? rqefu Y siaf prlí/ yrm'avcH? arhavsmí h a&;tyfaom ygVdu/kd
0aZÆwmG ? MuOfí/ ygVð? aewåyd gVdu/kd or®m? aumif;pGm/ eda,mZ,H eda,mZ,aEÅm?
*E¦m&rÇuxm 27
xdkxdkodkYaom O'g[½kPf\tjzpfjzifh aqmiftyfaom okwfü ,SOfvsuf/

wpfenf;um;-ygVð? xdxk okd aYkd om O'g[½kPyf gVdu/kd or®m? pGm/ eda,mZ,H
eda,mZ,aEÅm? aewåu d sr;f ü ,SOvf su/f Oya'oH? aewåd Oya'oenf;ud/k
0dbma0aEÅm? jyvsu/f tw¬0PÖe?H teuftzGiu hf /kd 0g? t|uxmud/k ,xmAvH?
pGm/ u&dómrd? tH/h
,ck t cg oH 0 PÖ e mud k emjcif ; ü wd k u f w G e f ; vd k a omaMumif h ]£wd
tw¬H} [laom tqkH;*gxmudk qdkownf;/
£wd {0H yuma&e? þodkYqdktyfNyD;aom tjcif;t&mtm;jzifh/
aewådyu&Pó
u&Pó? \/ toHuP d ?HÖ aom/ tw¬?H ud/k 0dbZEÅó? a0zefaom/
ar? \/ oEÅu d m? rS/ om"a0g? olawmfaumif;jzpfuek af om/ wkarS? wYo
kd nf/
ouúp?Hö pGm/ edomr,x? emukeaf vmh/ £wd? þum; Oa,smZOfwnf;/
wóm aewå, d m u&dómrw¬0PÖe}EÅ?d [lí/ ,'d'H ,H £'H 0peH? ud/k
r,m? onf/ 0kw?Hå Ny/D ww¬ wo®ð 0pae? ü/ ,óm aewå, d m? \/ tw¬0PÖe?H
t|uxmud/k u&dómrd? tH/h £wd? od/Yk y#dnmwH? 0efct H yf\/ om aewå?d
onf/ auea|e1 ? tb,foabmaMumifh/ aewåd? aewådrnfoenf;/
wpfenf;um;- ww¬ wo®ð 0pae? xdak ewåyd u&Pó[laom pum;ü/ ,m
aewå?d ud/k 0kwmå ? Ny/D om aewå?d onf/ auea|e? aMumif/h aewå?d enf;/
o'¨ r ® e ,ea|e? ol a wmf a umif ; w&m;od k Y aqmif w wf a om oabm?
1/ auea|e aewå d / / 0pew¬ u d k od o jzif h od t yf a om usrf ; \
omrnteufukd odNy;D oltm; usr;f udk qdo
k nf&adS omf wifw h ,f&maomaMumifh tpü
aewåyd 'k \
f teufukd odjcif;onfomvQif avsmufywfoifjh rwfaom oabm&S&d um;
]ww¬ auea|e aewå}d [k aewåyd 'k \f teufukd ar;ownf;/ þt&mwGif rsm;aom
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d nfukd
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|um&H uwGm ta|mwd 0kawåm- [k r[med'geokw#f u D mudk axmufí oabmaMumif[ h k
ay;onf/
28 aewådt|uxmedó,
aqmifaMumif;jzpfaom oabmç aqmif&mjzpfaom oabmaMumif/h aewå?d

rnf\/
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[d 0dwm¬ &,dómrd? tH/h wPSm? ud/k oawå? wdu Yk /kd umrm'db0H? umr
tp&Sad om b0od/Yk e,wd? aqmifwwf\/ £wd wo®m? aMumif/h ]]b0aewå}D }wd?
[lí/ 0kpw ö d ,xm? uJo
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0g? udvk nf;/ a0ae,soawå? wdu Yk /kd t&d,"r®?H t&d,mwd\ Yk w&m;od/Yk 0g?
jrwfaom w&m;od/Yk e,wd? \/ £wd o'¨re® ,ea|e? olawmfaumif;w&m;odYk
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ok H ; yg;ES if h quf q H & um; ]t&d , "r® H e,"r® H e,wd } [k uwå K om"e\
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onf/ aewå?d rnf\/ [d ,o®m? aMumif/h u&Pblawe? u½dP k ;f jzpfí jzpfaom/
aewåyd u&aPe? jzif/h "r®uxdum? "r®uxduyk*Kd¾ vw f oYkd nf/ a0ae,soawå?
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ywd|maywGm? wnfapí/ a0ae,sm? wdu Yk /kd edAmÁ eH? od/Yk eD,EÅd orÜmyD,EÅ?d
a&mufaptyfuek \ f / £wd wo®m? aMumif/h aewåd? rnf\/ [d opö?H rSe\ f /
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*E¦m&rÇuxm 29
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[d? xdkpum;oifhpG/ oAÁmyd? tvkH;pkHvnf;jzpfaom/ okwåó? \/
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Oya'oESihf pyf\/ aewåd p? onfvnf;/ okwyå b Ü 0g? okwv f Qif trGe&f \
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d / okw?Hå onf/ or®morÁK'y¨ b
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£wd a0'dwAÁ?H \/ /
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yem,H} ponfudk rdefYownf;/
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]ygVd00w¬meawm ye} ponfudk rdefYownf;/
om yem,H om ye t,H aewåd? onf/ yu&Py&dapä'awm?
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okH;yg;tjym; &Sd\/ [d ,o®m? aMumifh/ yXrH? pGm/ [m&0dpma&m? [m&
tpDt&ifonf/ a[mwd? \/ wawm? xdk[m&udk pD&ifonfrS aemufü/
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omoey|metpDt&ifonf/ a[mwd? \/ £wd wo®m? aMumif/h wdyaÜ b'g? \/
ygVd00w¬meawm ye? ygVdoEéad 0otm;jzifu h m;/ o*F[0g& 0dbm*0g&0aoe?
o*F[0g&ç 0dbm*0g&wd\ Yk tpGr;f tm;jzif/h 'k0"d m? \/
1/ ay#au 0kwåH / / ay#auum; tm"m&tvdiYk mS xnho

f nf/ þenf;twl
aemufaemufaom t&mwdüYk t|uxmü rygvQif ygXaoo[k rSwv f ifu
h ek /f
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aewå d u srf ; um; rsm;cJ h y g&um; enf ; cJ h / tb,f o d k Y q&mpum;

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taygif;onfomvQi/f a[mwd? \/ «|? 3» ww¬? xdEk pS yf g;aom 0g&wdw Yk iG /f
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h nfcsn;f )/
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r,ltyfonf r[kwfukefavm/ £wd t,H? þonfum;/ apm'em?
apm'emwnf;/ £'H? þomoey|meudk roN*K[ Ø t
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*E¦m&rÇuxm 31
[lí/ 0u©w?d qdv k wå/YH [d? pG/ rlvy'|memed? rlvy'omoey|mewdu Yk /kd

tw¬e,ocFg&wåu d m 0d,? eE´,d m0¥ tp&Sad om tw¬e,ok;H yg;? yknmbdocFg&
tp&Sad om ocFg&ok;H yg;taygif;wdu hJ /Ykd tnrnH1? tcsif;csif;/ o*F[w
Yk o d med?
a&wGut f yf oN*KØ [t f yfuek \f / /
0d b m*0ga&m ye ye? onfum;/ Oa'óeda'óy#deda'ó0aoe?
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d / awok?
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Yk iG /f ]]ww¬ uwar aomVo [m&m}}wd? [lí/ tm&bdwmG ?
1/ tnrno*F [ d w / / tw¬e,okH;yg; tcsif;csif; a&wGuf[efum;-

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d m0¥enf;ü wPSm? t0dZmÆ ? orx? 0dyóemtm;jzifh av;yg;aom rlvy'wdu Yk kd
a&wGut f yfuek \ f / xdak v;yg;aom rlvy'wdüYk wpfq,f&h pS yf g;aom rlvy'wdo Yk nf
0ifukef\/ 0if[efum;-orx? tavmb? ta'go? tokbonm? 'ku©onm/
þig;y'wdo Yk nf orxodYk 0ifuek \ f / 0dyóem? tarm[? tedpo ö nm? tewåonm/
þav;y'wdkYonf 0dyóemodkY 0ifukef\/ þodkY udk;yg;aom ukovy'wdkYonf
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okconm/ þig;y'wdo Yk nf wPSmodYk 0ifuek \ f / t0dZmÆ ? arm[? edpo ö nm? twåonm/
þav;y'wdo Yk nf t0dZmÆ odYk 0ifuek \
f / þodYk ud;k yg;aom tukovy'wdo Yk nf wPSm
t0dZÆm[laom ESpfy'odkY 0ifukef\/ þodkY wdyku©venf; oD[0duúDVdwenf;onf
eE´d,m0¥enf;odkY 0ifownf;/ wdyku©venf;ü <uif;aom enf;ESpfyg; 0if[efum;-
0dyóem? tarm[? tedpo ö nm? tewåonm/ þav;y'wdo Yk nf tarm[ rnf\/
orx? tavmb? tokbonm? 'kuo © nm/ þav;y'wdo Yk nf tavmb rnf\/
ta'goum; ta'goom rnf\/ þodYk ud;k yg;aom ukovy'wdo Yk nf tavmb?
ta'go? tarm[ [laom ok;H y'odYk 0ifuek \ f / wPSm? avmb? okbonm? okconm/
þ av;y'wdkYonf avmb rnf\/ t0dZÆm? arm[? edpöonm? twåonm/
þav;y'wdo Yk nf arm[ rnf\/ a'goum; a'goom rnf\/ þodYk ud;k yg;aom
tukovy'wdkYonf avmb? a'go? arm[ [laom okH;y'odkY 0ifukef\/ þodkY
wdyku©venf;ü <uif;aom enf;ESpfyg; 0ifownf;/ oD[0duúDVdwenf;ü <uif;aom
enf;ESpfyg; 0if[efum; wPSm okbonm/ þESpfy'onf yXr0dyv’mo rnf\/
avmb? okconm? þESpfy'onf 'kwd,0dyv’mo rnf\/ t0dZÆm? edpöonm/
þESpyf 'onf wwd,0dyv’mo rnf\/ arm[? twåonm þESpyf 'onf pwkw¬
0dyv’mo rnf\/ þodYk ud;k yg;aom tukovy'wdo Yk nf okbonm tp&Sad om av;y'wdYk
32 aewådt|uxmedó,
tm;xkwfí/ ,m0 ]]b0EÅd t|m&o y'geD}}wd? b0EÅd t|m&o y'ged

[lonhw f ikd af tmif/ 0kawåm? a[mtyfaom/ t,H 0ga&m? onf/ Oa'ó0ga&m 0ga&m?
rnf\/ ]]tóm'g'De0wm}}wd? [lí/ tm&bdwmG ? í/ ,m0 ]]awwåo ð m {wåud m
aewå}D }wd? awwåo ð m {wåu d m aewåd [lonfw
h ikd af tmif/ 0kawåm? aom/ t,H
0ga&m? onf/ ed a '´ o 0ga&m0ga&m? rnf\/ y#deda'ó0ga&m ye? onfum;/
[m&0db*F0ga&m? vnf;aumif;/ [m&orÜmw0ga&m? vnf;aumif;/
e,ork|me0ga&m? vnf;aumif;/ omoey|me0ga&m? vnf;aumif;/ £wd?
od/Yk pwkAadÁ "m? \/ awok? xdak v;yg;aom 0g&wdw Yk iG /f ]]ww¬ uwarm
a'oem[ma&m}}wd? [lí/ tm&bdwGm? í/ ,m0 ]]t,H y[maee
orma&myem}}wd? t,H y[maee orma&myem [lonfw h ikd af tmif/ 0kawåm?
aom/ t,H 0ga&m? onf/ [m&0db*F0ga&m ga&m/ rnf\/ ww¬ ]]uwarm
a'oem[m&orÜmawm}}wd? [lí/ tm&bdwmG ? í/ ,m0 ]]tEkyg'daoom p
edAmÁ e"mwl}}wd? tEkyg'daoom p edAmÁ e"mwk [lonfw h ikd af tmif/ 0kawåm? aom/
t,H 0ga&m? onf/ [m&orÜmw0ga&m w0ga&m? rnf\/
0ifuek \ f / orxç tokbonmonf yXrowdy|mef rnf\/ tavmbç 'kuo © nmonf
'kwd,owdy|mef rnf\/ 0dyóemç tedpöonmonf wwd,owdy|mef rnf\/
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wdo Yk nf owdy|mef[k qdt k yfaom tokbonm tp&Sad om av;y'odYk 0ifuek \ f /
þodYk oD[0duVDú w d enf;odYk <uif;aom enf;ESpyf g; 0ifownf;/ þodYk tw¬e,ok;H yg;wd\ Yk
tcsif;csif; a&wGufjcif;udk odtyf\/ ocFg&okH;yg; tcsif;csif; a&wGuf[efum;--
ocF g &onf yk n mbd o cF g &ç tyk n mbd o cF g &ç tmaeÍÆ m bd o cF g &[l í ok H ; yg;/
um,ocFg&ç 0pDocFg&ç pdwåocFg&[lívnf; okH;yg;wnf;/ xdkwGif umrm0p&
½lyg0p&ukov kd af pwemonf yknmbdocFg&? tukov kd af pwemonf tyknmbdocFg&?
t½l y g0p&uk o d k v f a pwemonf tmaeÍÆ m bd o cF g & rnf \ / xd k o k H ; yg; wd k Y w G i f
yknmbdocFg& tyknmbdocFg&onf um,'Gg&ü jzpfaomtcg um,ocFg&ç 0pD'gG &ü
jzpfaomtcg 0pDocFg& rnf\/ raem'Gg&ü jzpfaomtcgum; ok;H yg;vk;H onf pdwo å cFg&
rnf\/ þodYk yknmbdocFg& tp&Sad om a&S;ocFg&wdwüf qdt k yfaom w&m;wdu Yk ykd ifvQif
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*E¦m&rÇuxm 33
[m&0d b *F 0 g& [m&orÜ m w0g&wd k Y \ txl ; rxif & S m ;&um;

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tm[? \/ y&d[ma&m? ud/k r,m? onf/ 0kpaö w? tH/h ,w¬ 0ga&? ü/ teau[dy?d
rsm;onfvnf; jzpfukefxaom/ O'g[&Pokawå[d? O'g[½kPfjzpfaom
okww f jYkd zif/h {aum [ma&m? ud/k ed'o d´ ,D wd? jytyf\/ t,H 0ga&m? onf/
[m&0db*F0ga&m? rnf\/ ,w¬ ye 0ga&? üum;/ {uo®ð okawå? ü/ taeau?
ukeaf om/ [m&m? wdo Yk nf/ orÜwEÅ?d pka0;uke\ f / 0g? usuek \ f / t,H 0ga&m?
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k må ? o'´gudk pD&ifjcif;
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ygVdoEéda0otm;jzifh qdktyfaom aewådusrf;\ r[mom0ubmodw\
tjzpf? bk&m;tEkarm'em jyKtyfonf\tjzpfudk tb,fodkY odtyfoenf oenf;/
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34 aewådt|uxmedó,
e,ork|meomoey|me0g&0dbma*g? e,ork|me0g&ç omoe

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omoey|me0ga&m ye? udu k m;/ o*F[0ga& 0d,? üuJo h /Ykd Oa'óeda'ó
0ga&oky?d wdüYk vnf;/ o½lyawm? o½kyt f m;jzif/h e O'ä#m? rxkwt f yf/ £wd?
od/Yk a0'dwaAÁm? \/ {w¬ Xmae? ü/ XwGm? wefí Y / apm'aum? onf/ tm[?
\/ ]]£'H aewådyu&PH? udk/ r[mom0ubmodwH? r[mom0uonf
a[mtyf\/ £wd p? þodv Yk nf;aumif;/ b*0wm? onf/ tEkarm'dw?H
tEkarm'em jyKtyf\}/ £wd p? vnf;aumif;/ {wH 0peH? ud/k uxH 0dnm,wd?
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aom/ yrmPw&H? vGejf rwfaom yrmPonf/ e tw¬?d r&S/d [d? pG/ ,m ygVd?
onf/ pwl[?d ukeaf om/ r[mya'ao[d? wdEYk iS /hf t0d½'k g¨ ? rqefu Y si/f om
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apm'em? wnf;/ £'H? þom0ubmodwtjzpf Ak'b ¨ modwtjzpfonf/
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42 aewådt|uxmedó,
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tp&Sdaom ygXfudk rdefYownf;/
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owåeud ma,? þowå0gtaygif;ü/ yknmyknmed p? ukov kd f tukovkd wf o
Ykd nf
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\/ owåeud ma,m? owå0gtaygif;wnf;/ £wd t,H? um;/ taw¬m? wnf;/
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rd e f Y o wnf ; /
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tm;jzif/h oawå? wdu
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ylZeud&,
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1-o*F[0g&tzGifh 43
\/ £wd? od/Yk '|AÁ?H \/ ylZ,aw ,awwd y'ó? \/ rme,wd? jrwfE;kd \/

typm,wd? t½dt k aojyK\/ £wd t,H? um;/ taw¬m? wnf;/ /
avmuH? udk/ ygavEÅd? apmifhwwfukef\/ £wd wo®m? aMumifh/
avmuygvm? rnfuek \ f / pwåma&m? ukeo f m/ r[m&mZmaem? pwkr[m&mZf
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0½kPewfç uka0&ewfwo Ykd nf/ avmuygvm? rnfuek \ f / £wd? od/Yk 0'EÅ?d
uke\ f / avmuygav[d? avmuygvwdEYk iS /hf o[? uG/ a[mwd? \/ £wd
wo®m? aMumif/h oavmuygavm
oavmuygavm? rnf\/ ]]avmaum}}wd £rdem ya'e?
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avmuygvm? rnfuek \ f / aw[d? xdak vmuygvjzpfaom rif;tp&Sad om
olwEYkd iS /hf o[? uG/ y0awåm? aom/ wHwo H wåeu
d ma,m? xdxk okd aYkd om
owå0gtaygif;onf/ oavmuygavm? avmuygvESifhwuGjzpfaom/
avmaum? rnf\/ £wd? od/Yk 0kawåm? \/ tx 0g? um;/ ]]a'G ar bdua© 0
okumú "r®m avmuH ygav}}EÅw D ?d [lí/ 0peawm? aMumif/h [da&mwåy"Ü r®m?
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ygvjzpfaom [d&MD owåyw Ü &m;wdEYk iS /hf orEém*awm? aom/ avmaum? onf/
oavmuygavm
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paomygXf u d k rd e f Y o wnf ; /
44 aewådt|uxmedó,
[d ,o®m? aMumihf/ [da&mwåyÜorÜEém? ukefaom/ ygy*&[daem?

raumif;rIukd uJ&h UJ wwfuek af om/ oyÜK&o d m? wdo
Yk nf/ "r®pEä 0´ EÅwm,? w&m;ü
tvd&k adS om qE´&o dS nf\ tjzpfaMumif/h b*0wd? ü/ 0g? tm;/ ylZmeruúm&y&m?
ylaZmfjcif; &Scd ;kd jcif;vQif jy"mef;jcif;&Su
d ek o
f nf/ a[mEÅ?d uke\ f / £wd wo®m?
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orEém*awm? aom/ avmaum? ud/k oavmuygavmwd? [lí/ 0kawåm? \/
(þodYk ay;)/ /
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o'gwd? um;/ oAÁumvH? tcgcyford ;f / &wåad Íö0? nOfüh vnf;aumif;/
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um;/ o'go'gwd? um;/ tbde[ D m&awm? bk&m;qkukd yefawmfro l nfr/S y|m,?
pí/ ,m0 omoeEÅ&"memyd 0g? omoemawmf uG,fonfhwdkifatmif
vnf;aumif;/ wawm? xdkomoemawmfuG,fonfrS/ y&rÜd 0g? aemufü
vnf;aumif;/
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tyfonf r[kwfukefavm/ bk&m;qkudk awmif;onfrS pí ylaZmftyf\[k
qdkaom pum;onf tb,fodkY oifhtHhenf;[k apm'em&Sd&um; ]r[mbdeD
[m&awm} tp&Sdaom ygXfudk rdefYownf;/
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wdo
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ap0? ukeo f nfvnf;/ a[mEÅ?d uke\f / 0Eé,
D m p? ukeo
f nfvnf;/ a[mEÅ?d
uke\ f / /
1-o*F[0g&tzGifh 45
q&mpum;ud k igwd k Y tb,f o d k Y ,k H M unf & tH h e nf ; [k apm'em&m

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],xm[} ponfudk rdefYownf;/
r,m? onf/ 0kwó
å ? qdt k yfaom pum;\/ om"uH? oufaojzpfaom/
,xm uð 0peH? tb,foaYkd om pum;ud/k okar"blawm? aom/ b*0g? onf/
tm[? a[moenf;[lrul m;/ ]]'D'DyuFa&m /v/ «|? 7» yuúr1k }}EÅ?d [lí/ tm[?
\/
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aqmifí vSLtyfaom tvSLwdu Yk /kd (tm[k'Ed [
Hé k &So
d nfum; ygXfysu/f
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cs\D / av;ode;f aom oHCmawmfwo Ykd nfvnf; 'DyuF&mbk&m;uJo h Ykd yef;jzifh ylaZmfí
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&Sdvnf; cdk;ukef\/ onfudk taMumif;jyKí t&Sifr[moDv0Hoax&fonfvnf;
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f yk yf ef;jzif?h MujJ zefv Y uf,m? vSnchf yhJ gí?
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f / roif/h
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xdyk oJG bifü Asm'dwrf Mum;rD ,aom"&mtavmif;jzpfaom owdo Yk rD;onf vSLtyfaom
Mumyef;&Spq f yk [
f k ,l/ yef;omyef;[lívnf; qdu k ek \f /
46 aewådt|uxmedó,
Oya,m*w¬ü q|D)/ y#d*a¾ [m? cHawmfrx l u kd af om/ 'DyuFa&m? onf/

rr? ig\/ ur®?H ñGeaf ysmif;ü avsmif;aom trIu/kd yudawåwmG 0aPÖwmG ?
cs;D rGr;f í/ wpfenf;um;-ur®?H jzpfvwåUH aom uH\ tusK;d ud/k yudawåwmG
Asmu&dwmG ? Mum;awmfrí l / 'u©P d H yg'H? ajcawmfu/kd O'¨&?d csaD wmfr\
l /
ww¬? xdAk sm'dwpf um; Mum;&mt&yfü/ a, Zdeykwmå ? tMuif
bk&m;om;awmfwo Ykd nf/ tmok?H &So d nfjzpfuek \ f / oaAÁ? cyford ;f
ukeaf om/ aw Zdeykwmå ? wdo Yk nf/ rH? igYu/kd y'u©P d ?H vuf,m&pf
vSno hf nfu/kd tuHo?k uke\ f / a'0g p? wdo Yk nfvnf;aumif;/ rEkóm
p? wd k Y o nf v nf ; aumif ; / tok & m p? wd k Y o nf v nf ; aumif ; /
tbd0ga'wGme? í/ yuúr?Hk zJuek \ f /
ylZ,aw-[laom Bud,mudk qdkvQif NyD;aumif;ygvsuf todkYrlí
]erówd p} [l í vnf ; qd k j yef o enf ; [k ygVd ü apm'em&monf u d k
jrifawmfrlí ]erówd pmwd} tp&Sdaom ygXfudk rdefYownf;/
erówd pm pmwd {w¬ 0pae? ü/ (taw¬modYk oGm;)/ aupd? tcsKUd aom
olwo Ykd nf/ auoÍö?d tcsKUd aom olwt Ykd m;/ ylZmouúm&m'De?d ylaZmfouúm&
tp&S d o nf w d k Y u d k / ua&mEÅ m yd ? uk e f a omf v nf ; / awoH ? xd k o l w d k Y \ /
tygu#*kPwm,? rxif&mS ;aom aus;Zl;&So d nf\ tjzpfaMumif/h eruúm&H?
&Scd ;kd jcif;ud/k e ua&mEÅ?d uke/f {0H? wl/ b*0awm? tm;/ eruúm&H? ud/k e
ua&mEÅ?d ukeo f nfum;/ e? r[kwu f ek /f ,xmblwtAÇK*w ¾ udwodå '´wm,
ye? [kww f ikd ;f rSeí
f wufaom ausmaf pmaom toH&o dS nf\ tjzpfaMumifu
h m;/
b*0EÅ?H ud/k oa'0aum? aom/ avmaum? onf/ ylZ,wd ap0? ylaZmfvnf;
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e&rEkaóm}wd? [lí/ aupd? wdo Yk nf/ yXEÅ?d &Gwu f ek \
f /
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1-o*F[0g&tzGifh 47
ya'e? jzif/h £'ged? ,ck/ 0wåA?HÁ qdt k yfvwåaYH om/ Ak',

d¨ ?H rdrd todÓPfü/
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'aówd? \/ omoe0& omoe0&EÅd £rdem ya'e? jzif/h wH? xdq
k v kd wåaYH om teufu/kd
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raw¬[?d rsuaf rSmufü jzpfaom jrwfaomtusK;d ç wrvGeüf jzpfaom jrwfaom
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k af om tavsmuf/ oawå? wdu Yk /kd omowd 0daewd?
qk;H rwwf\/ £wd wo®m? aMumif/h wH "r®ZmwH? onf/ omoeH? rnf\/
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ud k r d e f Y a omf /
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p? pifppf 0#frS xGufajrmufapwwfaom oabmaMumifhvnf;aumif;/
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omoe0&H? rnf\/ 0d'l[Dw?d [lonfum;/ ,xmobm0awm? oabm
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kd nf;aumif;/
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wdw Yk nf;/ 0g? wdu Yk /kd vAÇE?dÅ uke\
f / aw[d? xdyk nm&Sw d o Ykd nf/ ÓwAÁ?H odtyf\/
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£wd wo®m? aMumif/h aÚ,s?H rnf\/ (xyfíay;)/ 0g? um;/ ÓPH? odjcif;ud/k
t&[wd? xduk \f / £wd wo®m? aMumif/h aÚ,sH? rnf\/ e&0&óm
e&0&ómwd
y'ó? \/ yk&od 0&ó? jrwfaom yk*Kd¾ v\
f / t*¾y*k v
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um;/ taw¬m? wnf;/ /
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rd e f Y o wnf ; /
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&m* tp&Sad om udavomwdrYk S a0;awmfrx l aom/ or®morÁKa'¨g? tvk;H pkaH om
w&m;wdu Yk kd razmufrjyef ud,
k af wmfwikd o
f m odawmfrx l aom/ a,m b*0g?
ud/k tenom"m&Pr[mu½kPmoAÁnKwnmPm'd*P k 0daooa,ma*e?
olwpfyg;wdkYESifh rqufqHaom r[mu½kPm oAÁnKwÓPf tp&Sdaom
*kPt f xl;wdEYk iS hf ,SOo
f nf\tjzpfaMumif/h oa'0aue? aom/ avmaue?
onf/ ylZeDa,m p? onfvnf;/ a[mwd? \/ eróeDa,m p? onfvnf;/
a[mwd? \/ avmau? ü/ Owåryk*v ¾ ó? aom/ wó b*0awm? \/
(omoeHoYkd oGm;)/ £'ged? ,ck/ tarS[?d wdo Yk nf/ 0dbZdwAÁ[m&e,y|me
0dpm&P0do,blwH? a0zeftyfvwåHYaom [m&e,omoey|mewdkYudk
pD&ifjcif;\ t&mjzpfí jzpfxaom/ tm'duvsmPwm'd*kPorÜwåd,m?
tm'duvsmPtjzpf tp&Sad om *kPEf iS jhf ynfph jHk cif;aMumif/h 0&H t*¾H Owår?H
jrwfaom/ {wH omoeH? þomoemawmfjrwfu/kd edyP k ÓPa*gp&wm,?
odrfarGUaom ÓPf\ tm½kHjzpfonf\ tjzpfaMumifh/ 0g? odrfarGUaom
ÓPf&Sdaom ynm&SdwdkY\ usufpm;&m tm½kHjzpfonf\ tjzpfaMumifh/
y@dwa0'eD,ar01? ynm&Sw d Ykd odtyfonfomvQi/f a[mwd? \/ £wd?
od/Yk 0kwHå 0kawåm? onf/ a[mwd? \/
1/ y@dwa0'eD,ar0 / / y@dwa0'eD,ar0-[laom ygXfjzifh ygVdü
0d'[
l d aÚ,sH {0[k {0o'´g,SOíf a,mZemtyfonfukd jy\/ yg&mZdaum a[mwdü
yg&mZdaum {0 [l\odw Yk nf;/
1-o*F[0g&tzGifh 49
edykPÓPa*gp&tjzpfudk tb,fodkY odtyfygoenf;[k apm'em

zG , f&S& Sd í xd k a pm'emud k ajztH h a omiS m ]b*0awm [d /v/ 0d o ,
ar0gwd}[laom ygXfudk rdefYownf;/
[d? pG/ wpfenf;um;- [d ,o®m? aMumif/h b*0awm? \/ 0peH? onf/
(oPSock rk ÓP0do,ar0ü pyf)/ {u*gxmrwår?dÜ wpf*gxmrQonfvnf;/
(¤if;ü pyf)/ opöy#dpo ö rkygÜ 'cE¨m,we"mwdÈ, d́ owdy|mem'dobm0"r®
ed'g¨ &Pu©rwm, p? opöm y#dpo ö rkygÜ 'f cE¨m tm,we "mwf £aÈ´ owdy|mef
tp&Sad om oabmw&m;wdu Yk kd xkwjf cif;iSm cHo h nf\tjzpfaMumifh vnf;aumif;/
0g? avsmuf y wf o nf \ tjzpf a Mumif h v nf ; aumif ; / aomVo[m&
yÍöe,aomVot|0Dowd0"d y|me0dpm&a,m*sbma0e p? wpfq,fah jcmufyg;aom [m&
ig;yg;aomenf ; wpf q ,f h a jcmuf y g; ES p f q ,f h & S p f y g;tjym;&S d a om
omoey|mewdu Yk kd pD&ifjcif;iSm avsmufywfonf\ tjzpfaMumifv h nf;aumif;/
y&r*rÇ&D ?H tvGeef ufe\ J / tw¬awm? tm;jzif/h t*g"yg&H? raxmufprG ;f Edik af om
tydik ;f tjcm; &S\ d / wo®m? aMumif/h (xnfí h ay;)/ wpfenf;um;- y&r*rÇ&D H
y&r*rÇ&D wåm? aMumif/h tw¬awm? tm;jzif/h t*g"yg&H t*g"yg&wåm? aMumif/h
(a[wkrEÅ0ad ooewnf;)/ oPSock rk ÓP0do,ar0? odraf rGUEl;nHah om
ÓPf\ t&monfomvQi/f a[mwd? \/ £wd? od/Yk a0'dwAÁ?H \/ awae0?
aMumifo h mvQi/f ]]yn0EÅóm,H /v/ 'kyn Ü óm}}wd? [lí/ tm[? \/
]]yn0EÅó? ynm&Sdaom oltm;/ t,H "ar®m? þudk;yg;aom
avmukw&å mw&m;onf/ orÜZw Æ ?d jynfph \ Hk / t,H "ar®m? onf/ 'kyn Ü ó?
ynmr&Sad om oltm;/ e orÜZw Æ ?d rjynfph /Hk }} (t,H "ar®mwd t,H e0avmukw&å
"ar®m orÜZw Æ /d t*Fw k &å t|uedygwft|uxm)/
þodkY aÚ,sH {0-[k {0o'´gudk aÚ,sHyk'fESifh ,SOfí a,mZem
tyf o nf \ tjzpf u d k jyNyD ; í ,ck t cg ]0d ' l [ d {0 aÚ,sH [ k ,S O f í
a,mZem tyf o nf \ tjzpf u d k jyjyef v d k & um; ]tx 0g} ponf u d k
rd e f Y o wnf ; /
tx 0g? um;/ b*0awm? \/ omoeH? onf/ (0doa,mü pyf)/
y&dnmuúare? Ówtp&Sad om y&dnmtpOfjzif/h vu©Pm0aAm"yÜ#yd wå,
d m?
50 aewådt|uxmedó,
tedpö tp&Sad om vu©Pmudk odaom 0dyóemtusijhf zif/h oknwrkcg'D[?d

oknwrkc tp&So d nfwjYkd zif/h Mo*g[dwAÁwmå ? ouftyfonf\ tjzpfaMumif/h
t0dnLeH? ynmr&Sdukefaom olwdkY\/ okydeaEÅeyd1 ? tdyfrufrQjzifhvnf;/
0doa,m a,m? t&monf/ e a[mwd? rjzpf/ £wd wo®m? aMumif/h ]]0d0d'l[d aÚ,s}}EÅ?d
[lí/ tm[? \/
wxm p wawm {0? xdo k Ykd ynm&Sw
d o
Ykd nf odtyfonf\ tjzpfaMumifh
omvQi/f ]]{wk /v/yk&ad om}}wd tm'd? ud/k 0kw?Hå \/ toaXm? rpOf;vJaom/
trm,m0D? vSnyhf wfjcif; r&Sad om/ OZkZmwdaum? ajzmifrh wfaom oabm
&Sad om/ 0dnL? ynm&Sad om/ yk&ad om? onf/ {wk? vmvSn/hf t[H? igbk&m;onf/
tEkomomrd? qk;H rtH/h t[H? onf/ "r®?H ud/k a'aord? tH/h (tm'd0efjzpfaom
ygXfEiS whf uG a,mZemonf)/ /
«|? 8» tya& ye? wdo Yk nfum;/ ]wH wó omoe0&}EÅ?d [lí/ yXEÅ?d
uke\ f /
xdktya&q&mwdkY &Gwfaom ygXfonfvnf; o'´gEk*reponfuJhodYk
r[kwf? okE´&jzpf&um; ]awoH}ponfudk rdefYownf;/
tw¬ , k w d å & S d r S o m omoeo'´ g ES i f h wk v sm"d u &Pqd k a om pum;
oifhrnfwum;-[k apm'em&maomaMumifh ]£'H 0kwåH a[mwd} ponfudk
rd e f Y o wnf ; /
awoH? xdtk ya&q&mwd\Yk / rawe? tvdt k m;jzif/h ,H oa'´g? onf/
omoeoa'é? ESi/hf ormem"du&aPm? wlaom wnf&mteuf&\ dS / £wd?
þod/Yk '|aAÁm? \/ £'H t,H t"dygÜ a,m? ud/k 0kwHå 0kawåm? onf/ a[mwd? \/
,H omoe0&H? udk/ oavmuygavm? avmuygvESifhwuG jzpfaom/
avmaum? onf/ ylZ,wd p? \/ erówd p? \/ wH omoe0&H? ud/k 0d'[ l ?d
1/ okydeaEÅeyd e 0doa,m / / ynmr&Sad om olw\ Ykd tdyrf ufrQjzifah omfvnf;

t&mr[k w f a om tjzpf u d k qd k o jzif h ]0d ' l [ d {0}[k {0o'´ g wd k Y j zif h ,S O f í
a,mZemtyfaom tjzpfukd od&ownf;/
1-o*F[0g&tzGifh 51
wdo
Yk nf/ ÓwAÁ?H \/ £wd? od/Yk 0kwHå 0kawåm? onf/ a[mwd? \/ £ro®ð p ea,?
þaemufenf;üvnf;/ avmuygvoa'é? jzif/h b*0gyd? udv k nf;/ 0kpw
ö ?d \/
avmuygvo'´gjzifh pwkr[m&mZfewfrif; ponfuo
kd m qdak umif;onf
on
r[kwfukefavm[laom apm'emudk &nfí ]b*0g [d} ponfudk rdefYownf;/
[d? pG/ b*0g? onf/ avmu*¾em,uwåm? vlw\ Ykd vlwx Ykd ufjrwfaom
tBu;D tuJjzpfonf\ tjzpfaMumif/h 0g? vlw\ Ykd jrwfaom c&D;ñTejf zpfonf\
tjzpfaMumif/h edy&Ü ,
d ma,e? rkcstm;jzif/h avmuygavm? rnf\/ wo®m?
aMumif/h ]]wóm}}wd y'ó? \/ avmuygvó? vlwu Ykd kd apmifah &Smufawmf
rlwwfaom/ ow¬Kaem? \/ £wd t,H? um;/ taw¬m? wnf;/ (wójzifh
oavmuygavmü avmuygvudk pGo J nf [lvakd omf)/
]o[ avmuygave a,m avmaum aom,H oavmuygavm}
[laom A[kAÁD[dormoftcdkufü avmuom jy"mef;onf
r[k w f u k e f a vm/ avmuygv[k q d k t yf a om bk & m;ud k rjy"mef ; onf
r[kefukefavm/ xdkodkYvsuf wójzifh ty"mejzpfaom avmuygv[k
qdktyfaom bk&m;udk pGJjcif;onf tb,fodkY oifhtHhenf;[k
apm'emzG,f&Sdí xdkapm'emudk ajztHhaomiSm ]oavmuygavmwd apw¬}
oavmuygavmwd p {w¬ 0pae? ü/ avmuygvoa'´g? onf/
*kPb D al wmyd? jy"mef;Ny;D jzpfaomfvnf;/ ow¬K0o d ,wåm? jrwfpmG bk&m;t&m
jzpf o nf \ tjzpf a Mumif h / omoeo'´ g ayu© w m,? omoeo'´ g ud k
iJo
h nf\tjzpfaMumif/h 0g? jzif/h omrdbma0e? jzif/h orÁE0D¨ ad ooblawm
orÁE0D¨ ad ooblwwåm? orÁEt D¨ xl;jzpfonf\ tjzpfaMumif/h y"meblawm 0d,?
1
y"mejzpfouJo h /Ykd y#dead 'óH ? wó[laom yk'jf zifh wpfzefñeT jf cif;ud/k t&[wd?
xduk \f / £wd? þod/Yk a0'dwaAÁm? \/ /
1/ y#deda'óH / / wójzifh pGo J nfukd y#dead 'ó[lownf;/ t*kaPmyd

*kaPm [kwmG b0wDwd *kPb D al wm? *kPblawm[k qdt k yfvsuf ]tblwwAÁma0
u&bl"mwka,ma* þypö,orÇ0awm}-[l&um; *kPDblawm}[k qdkownf;/
tAs,bD ma0g[l\odYk *kPo'´gum; þü ty"meea,m/
52 aewådt|uxmedó,
uxH ye? tb,fov Ykd Qi/f o,H? ud,

k af wmfonf/ "r®ómrD? "r®omrD
jzpfvsu/f b*0g? onf/ "r®?H ud/k ylZ,wd? enf;/ £wd? od/Yk ap 0a',s? tH/h
t,H? þodYk ylaZmfjcif;onf/ e 0da&ma"m? tjypfr&S/d 0g? rqefu
Y si/f
bk & m;ocif o nf "r® ó mrD r[k w f a vm/ tb,f h a Mumif h tjypf
r&SdtHhenf;/ pk'f&Sd&um; ]"r®*½kaem [d} ponfudk rdefYownf;/
[d ,o®m? aMumif/h Ak'g¨ ? tvk;H pkaH om w&m;udk odawmfru l ek af om/
b*0aEÅm? wdo Yk nf/ "r®*½kaem? w&m;udk tav;jyKuek \ f / aw b*0aEÅm?
wdo Yk nf/ oAÁumvH? odr;f / "r®?H ud/k typm,rmem0? t½dt k aojyKuek o f nf
jzpfíomvQi/f 0d[&EÅ?d uke\ f / £wd wo®m? aMumif/h e 0da&ma"m? r&S/d [d
opö?H rSe\
f / ]],H Elem[H /v/ 0d[a&,s}}EÅ?d [lí/ {wH 0peH? ud/k 0kw?Hå \/ ]]r,m?
onf/ a,m t,H "ar®m? ud/k tbdorÁKa'¨g?tyfNy/D t[H? onf/ war0 "rH?®
udok mvQi/f ouúwmG ? t½dt k aojyKí/ *½kH uwGm? tav;jyKí/ Oyedóm,?
jyKí/ 0d[a&,s?H ae&rlum;/ ,H Ele om"k 0w? aumif;avpG}}/ /
tyd p? wpfenf;um;- b*0awm? \/ "r®ylZem? w&m;awmftm;
ylaZmfjcif;udk/ owåowåm[yÜ#dywådtm'D[d? ckepfyg;aom owåm[ü
jzpfaomtusihf tp&So d nfwjYkd zif/h 'DaywAÁm? jytyf\/
"r® ó mrD u d k "r® ó omrD "r® ó mrD - [k jyKaomf q&mh p um;
roifhao;[k pk'f&Sd&um; ]"r®ómrDwd} paom ygXfudk rdefYjyefaomf/
"r®ómrDwd p y'ó? \vnf;/ "ar®e? aMumif/h oa'0uó? aom/
avmuó? \/ omrD? t&Siw f nf;/ £wd taw¬m? ud/k '|aAÁm? \/ "r®ó?
\/ omrD? wnf;/ £wd taw¬m? ud/k e '|aAÁm? tyf/ {0rÜ?d þodYk jrwfpmG bk&m;\
w&m;awmftm; ylaZmfjcif;onf oifah omfvnf;/ erówDwd 0peH? onf/ e
,kZw Æ ?d roifch /hJ [d? pG/ b*0g? onf/ uÍö?d wpfpw
Hk pfcu
k rkd Q/ e erówd?
&Sdrcdk;cJh/ £wd? þodkY/ ap 0a',s? tHh/ {aomyd? þerówd [laom
pum;onfvnf;/ eda'´gaom? tjypfr&S/d uo®m? um;/ [d ,o®m? aMumif/h
erówDwd y'ó? \/ eruúm&H? ud/k ua&mwd? \/ £wd? þod/Yk t,ar0
taw¬m? udo k mvQi/f vAÇw?d onfum;/ e? r[kw/f tx acg? pifppfru l m;/
1-o*F[0g&tzGifh 53
*½ku&aPe? tav;jyKojzif/h wEéad Eém? xdw k &m;odYk ñGw\

f / wayÜgaPm?
xdw
k &m;odYk ½diI ;f \/ wyÜAmÇ a&m? xdwk &m;odYk udik ;f \/ £wd? þod/Yk t,rÜd taw¬m?
udkvnf;/ vAÇwd? \/ b*0g p? onfvnf;/ "r®*½kwm,? w&m;udk
tav;jyKonf\ tjzpfjzif/h oAÁumvH? odr;f / "r®eEd aé ygPyAÇm &bma0e?
w&m;odYk ñGwo f nf\tjzpfç &Iid ;f onf\tjzpfç udik ;f onf\ tjzpfjzif/h 0d[&wd?
\/ £wd wo®m? aMumif/h eda'´gaom? &S/d t,Íö taw¬m? udv k nf;/ ]]a,e
ok'H /v/ 0d[&mrD}}wd {0rm'D[?d ukeaf om/ okwyå a'[d? wdjYk zif/h 'DaywaAÁm?
\/ ]]0d'[
l d ae,s}}EÅyd ?d [lívnf;/ ygaXm? onf/ tw¬?d \/ wó? xdyk gVd\/
y@daw[d? wdo Yk nf/ oy&oEÅmaeok? rdro d EÅmef olwpfyg;oEÅmefwüYkd / aewAÁH
ygaywAÁ?H a&mufaptyf\/ £wd t,H? um;/ taw¬m? wnf;/
rd r d o EÅ m ef o d k Y tb,f o d k Y a&muf a poenf ; / ol w pf y g;oEÅ m ef o d k Y
tb,fodkY a&mufapoenf; pk'f&Sd&um; ]ww¬} ponfudk rdefYownf;/
ww¬? xdx k rkd rd o
d EÅmefoYkd a&mufapjcif; olwpfyg;oEÅmefoYkd a&mufapjcif;
wdwYk iG /f AkZÑe?H rdrod jd cif;onf/ twåoEÅmae? ü/ ygyeH? a&mufapjcif; rnf\/
aAm"eH? olwpfyg;wdkYudk odapjcif;onf/ y&oEÅmae? ü/ ygyeH? rnf\/
wpfenf;um;- twåoEÅmae? ü/ ygyeH? a&mufapjcif;[lonf/ AkZÑeH?
rdro d jd cif;wnf;/ (ponfjzifv h nf; ay;)/ £wd? od/Yk '|AÁ?H \/
,H avmaum ylZ,aw ,aw--[laom *gxmjzifh om0aoojzpfaoomm bk&m;
*k P f u d k o m jy\[k t,l & S d & maomaMumif h xd k t ,l u d k epf a pí
ed&0aoo*kPfudk jyownf;[k odapvdkaom t|uxmq&monf ]{0H
b*0awm /v/ a0'dwAÁm}-[laom ygXfudk rdefYownf;/
ed&0aoo*kPfudk *gxmü o½kyftm;jzifh rqdkwum;/ tb,fodkY
ed & 0aoo*k P f u d k jyoenf ; [k apm'emaMumif h ]{0H b*0awm /v/
'D a ywd } ud k rd e f Y o wnf ; /
*kP0dod|[lonf tb,fenf;/ xdk*kP0dod|tjzpfudk tb,fodkY
od t yf o enf ; [k apm'em&maomaMumif h ]om p /v/ a0'd w AÁ m }ud k
rd e f Y o wnf ; /
54 aewådt|uxmedó,
]aAm"d o AÁ n KwnmaP? t&d , ra*¾ p em&d , H / ynwå d , H yk a r

owå ? ½k u © r S d yk & d o d w ¬ d , H } [l í qd k a omaMumif h aAm"d \ t&onf
oAÁnKwÓPf paomtm;jzifh rsm;cJh / tb,fonf r[maAm"drnfoenf oenf;/
tów¬½ku©onf r[maAm"d rnfoavm avm--[k apm'emjyef&maomaMumifh
]tmo0u©, /v/ r[maAm"Dwd 0kpöwd}udk rdefYownf;/
oAÁnKw tmo0u©,ÓPfrQwnf;jzifh ed&0aoo*kPf rukefcJh/
wpfenf;um;- xdkÓPfESpfyg;onf zvorÜ'grQom jzpfcJh/ xdkodkYjzpfaomf
]wD o k t0w¬ m ok } [k qd k a om pum;onf twd A smyd w jzpf c J h \ wum;[k
apm'emtHhonfudk jrif&um; ]om /v/ 0dnm,wd}udk rdefYownf;/
t0d y &D w "r® a 'oemaMumif h t0d y &D w a'oem\ tjzpf u d k o m
od t yf y gonf r[k w f u k e f a vm/ tod k Y r l í t0d y &D w "r® a 'oemaMumif h
r[maAm"d u d k od t yf r nf e nf ; -[k pk ' f a Mumif h ]e [d /v/ orÇ 0 wd } ud k
rd e f Y o wnf ; /
xdkodkY qdktyfNyD;aom oAÁnKwÓPf tmo0u©,ÓPf t0dy&Dw
a'oemrQwnf ; jzif h ed & 0aoo*k P f rjzpf c J h w um;[k apm'em
jyeftHhonfudk pdk;&um; ]£pöó /v/ yumodwm a[mwd}udk rdefYownf;/
qd k t yf N yD ; aom *k P f t aygif ; onf zvorÜ ' g ow¬ K yum&orÜ ' g
rQom jzpfcJh/ xdkodkYjzpfaomf ]wDok t0w¬mok}[laom pum;onf twdAsmydw
jzpf c J h \ wum;[k apm'emzG , f & S d j yef & um; ]a[wk o rÜ ' gyd tw¬ a wm
0dbm0dwm a[mwd}udk rdefYownf;/
qdktyfNyD;aom oAÁnKwÓPfpaom *kPfudkom jyoifhonf r[kwf
uk e f a vm/ tb,f h a Mumif h a[wk o rÜ ' gud k jytyf o enf ; [k apm'em
jyef&maomaMumifh ]{wm'doD p /v/ OyvAÇwd}udk rdefYownf;/
{0H? od/Yk b*0awm? \/ (*kP0do|d wHü pyf)/ oa'0uó? aom/
avmuó? onf/ ylZeD,0EéD,bma0g p? ylaZmftyfonf\tjzpf
&Scd ;kd tyfonf\tjzpfuv kd nf;aumif;/ t*¾y*k v ¾ bma0g p? udvk nf;aumif;/
0kprö maem? qdt k yfonf&adS omf/ *kP0do|d wH? *kPt
f m;jzifh xl;jrwfonf\
tjzpfu/kd 'Daywd? \/ wpfenf;um;-0kprö maem? aom/ oa'0uó? aom/
avmuó? onf/ ylZeD,0Eé, D bma0g p? onfvnf;aumif;/ t*¾y*k v ¾
bma0g p? onfvnf;aumif;/ b*0awm? \/ *kP0do|d wH? ud/k 'Daywd? \/
om p *kP0do|d wm? ud/k r[maAm"d,m? r[maAm"djzif/h a0'dwAÁm? \/ [d?
1-o*F[0g&tzGifh 55
pG/ tmo0u©,ÓPy'|meH? tmo0u©,ÓPfvQif eD;pGmaom taMumif;&Sad om/

oAÁnKwnmPÍö? udv k nf;aumif;/ oAÁnKwnmPy'|meH? oAÁnKwÓPf\
eD;pGmaom taMumif;jzpfaom/ (þum; wyÜK&o d o
f rmof\ tpGr;f tm;jzifh rkcs
teufwnf;)/ wpfenf;um;-oAÁnKwnmPy'|meH? oAÁnKwÓPfvQif
eD;pGmaom taMumif;&Sdaom/ (þum; A[kAÁD[dormof\ tpGrf;tm;jzifh
apwd,uka#myrmç emomb*Fr&aPmyrmç t½kaPm',ol&, d *k r¾ aemyrmudk
,lí ay;aom teufwnf;)/ tmo0u©,ÓPÍö? udkvnf;aumif;/
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ü/ okyw d m? aumif;pGm wnf\/ £wd? od/Yk «|? 9» 0dnm,wd? \/ [d opö?H
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\/ awe? xdkav;yg;aom a0om&ZÆÓPfESifh ,SOfjcif;aMumifh/ 'oAv
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56 aewådt|uxmedó,
MuOfí/ e OyvAÇw?d r&tyf/ £wd wo®m? aMumif/h a[wkorÜ'gyd1? udv k nf;/

tw¬awm? tm;jzif/h 0dbm0dwm? onf/ a[mwd? \/ £wd {0H? þod/Yk b*0awm?
\/ wDoyk ?d vnf; jzpfuek af om/ t0w¬mok? a[wkzvow¬Kyum&wnf;[laom
tcduk tf wefY wdüYk / oAÁowåmeH? wd\
Yk / 0g? tm;/ {uEÅ[wd yÜ#v d mba[wkbw l m?
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omeuvsmPm? tptv,f tqk;H ü aumif;jcif;&Su d ek af om/ ed&0aoom?
t<uif;r&Su d ek af om/ Ak'*¨ P
k m? wduYk /kd £rm, *gxm,? jzif/h yumodwm?
uke\ f / £wd? þod/Yk a0'dwAÁ?H uke\ f / /
þ*gxmjzif h bk & m;aus;Zl ; ud k o m jyoavm[k pk ' f & S d & um; ]a,
t&d,bm0g'a,m /v/ yumodwmwd a0'dwAÁm}udk rdefYownf;/
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tjzpfudk qdkaom[k qdkavoenf;[laom apm'emudk ESvkH;ydkufí ]'kwd,
ea, ye /v/ ,o®m}udk rdefYownf;/
'kw,d ea, ye? üum;/ (ylZ,wd emr ESpyf 'k üf pyf)/ (þü 'kw, d enf;
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hf uGjzpfaom/ t&d,r*¾omoeÍö? t&d,r*fwnf;-[laom omoem
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taMumif;jzpfaom/ ykAb Á m*y#dywåo d moeÍö? a&S;tzdüYk jzpfaom tusi[ hf k
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(ylZ,wd emr ESpyf 'k o f cYkd sn;f oGm;)/ ,xm&[H2? pGm/ opömbdor,0aoe?
1/ a[wkorÜ'gponf / / r[mu½kPm orwåo ð yg&rDonf a[wkorÜ'g?
t0dy&Dw"r® a'oemonf ow¬Kyum&orÜ'g? xdrk <S uif;aom oAÁnKwÓPf paom
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omoem\ tpGrf;tm;jzifh o0e paomtm;jzifh y&dp,jyKjcif;udk? okH;yg;aom
omoem\ tpGr;f tm;jzifh reodum&ud/k þodYk ,xm&[ ,SOí f ,l/
1-o*F[0g&tzGifh 57
opömudk odonf\ tpGrf;tm;jzifh/ tbdoaraEÅm p? odonfjzpfí

vnf;aumif;/ oGmu©mwwm'd*P k 0daoo,kww å ?H oGmu©mwwm tp&Sad om
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tp&So d nfwjYkd zif/h y&dp,H? avhusujf cif;ud/k ua&maEÅm p? jyKonfjzpfí
vnf;aumif;/ oa'0aum? aom/ avmaum? onf/ ylZ,wd emr? rnf\/
avmuemaxm p? vlwdkY\ udk;uG,f&m jzpfawmfrlaom jrwfpGm
bk&m;onfvnf;/ (ylZ,wd emrü pyf)/ or®moarÁm"dyw Ü , då m? oAÁnKwÓPfoYkd
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pGm/ ("r®a'oaee axmraee ylZ,wd emr ok;H yk'v f ;Hk odYk oGm;)/ "r®a'oaee
p? ojzifv t&d,H a0g1 /v/ tm'duvsmP
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0kprö maem? &Sad omf/ wpfenf;um;-0kprö maem? aom/ omoem0&ó? \/ ylZeD,
bma0g? onf/ te0aooawm? tm;jzif/h "r®*ak P? wdu Yk /kd 'Daywd? \/ £wd
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wduYk /kd ed&0aooawm? tm;jzif/h £rm, *gxm,? jzif/h yumodwm? uke\ f /
£wd? þod/Yk a0'dwAÁm? uke\ f /
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d /f xdak Mumifh teufray;onf/
58 aewådt|uxmedó,
bk&m;w&m;*kPfudkom þ*gxmjzifh jyoavm[laom apm'emu apm'emudd k

ES v k H ; xm;í bk & m;w&m;*k P f u d k o m jyonf r [k w f ? oH C m*k P f u d k v n
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¾ orl[ó /v/ *[dwwåm}[ }[kk xGufownf;/
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yn0EÅjzpfaom ykxkZOfESifh t&d,myk*¾dKvfwdkYonf ynm&Sd tjzpfjzifh
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w dk Y u d k o m
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\vnf;/ £"? þ*gxmü/ *[dwwåm? aMumifh/ (yumodwmodkY qdkuf)/
1-o*F[0g&tzGifh 59
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awyd t&d,oHC*kPm? wdu Yk v
kd nf;/ ed&0aooawm? tm;jzif/h £"? þ*gxmü/
yumodwm? uke\ f / £wd? þod/Yk a0'dwAÁm? uke\f / /
t&S i f t |uxmq&m...t&S i f u pö n f ; q&monf yXr*gxmjzif h
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oAÁygyó1? tvk;H pkaH om tukov

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1-o*F[0g&tzGifh 61
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0dan,s?H odtyf\/
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1-o*F[0g&tzGifh 69
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wMwmwd? um;/ oma"waAÁ? a'oema'odwonf Ny;D aptyfaom/ wo®ð
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1-o*F[0g&tzGifh 71
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a[mwd? \/ wo®m? aMumif/h r*Fvokwmå 'De?H wdu
Yk /kd a*,s*o F *Fa[m?
onf/ e od,m? &m/ tnawm? Obawm0dbif; tp&So d nfwüYkd vmaom
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onf/ e od,m? &m/
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1-o*F[0g&tzGifh 73
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a[mwd? \/ ("r®mbdora,mwd pwkopö"r®ó ÓaPe o'¨ð tbd
ora,m? r[my'geokw#f u D m)/ t,H yk*a¾ vm? ud/k O*¢#w d nL? yk*Kd¾ vf
[lí/ 0kpw ö ?d \/ /
«|? 47» uwarm p yk*a¾ vm? onf/ 0dyÍöw d nL? rnfoenf;
[lrlum;/ ,ó yk*¾vó? tm;/ oHcdawåe? jzifh/ bmodwó?
a[mtyfaom okw\ f / taw¬? ud/k 0dwm¬ a&e? tm;jzif/h 0dbZd,rmae?
a0zeftyfonf&adS omf/ "r®mbdora,m? onf/ a[mwd? \/ t,H
yk*a¾ vm? ud/k 0dyÍöw
d nL? [lí/ 0kpw ö ?d \/ /
uwarm p yk*¾avm? onf/ aea,sm? rnfoenf;[lrlum;/
Oa'óawm? ygVdoifaom/ y&dypk aä wm? teufukd ar;aom/ a,medaom?
toifhtm;jzifh/ reodua&mawm? ESvkH;jyKaom/ uvsmPrdawå?
aumif;aom taqGcifyGef;wdkYudk/ ao0awm? rSD0Jaom/ bZawm?
qnf;uyfaom/ y,d½yk goawm? vkyaf uR;aom/ ,ó yk*v ¾ ó? tm;/

tEkyak AÁe? tpOfojzif/h "r®mbdora,m? onf/ a[mwd? \/ t,H
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ygVd? wnf;/ /
y'y&arm ye? yk*Kd¾vu
f u
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xd;k xGi;f í odjcif;\/ tbmZeH? wnf&mr[kwo f nf/ a[mwd? \/ £wd wo®m?
aMumif/h e *[dawm? r,ltyf/ £wd? od/Yk '|AÁ?H \/
t&S i f t |uxmq&m...ygVd ü O*¢ # d w ñk y k * ¾ v ó ed ó &PH
a'o,wd ponfjzifh enf;okH;yg;udkom ,l\/ þrQom enf;&Sdoav avmm
apm'emaMumifh ]{w¬ p} ponfudk rdefYaomf/
{w¬ p? þa'oem0dbm*üvnf;/ tóma'g? vnf;aumif;/ tm'Dea0g?
vnf;aumif;/ edó&PH? vnf;aumif;/ (þok;H csuu f kd toD;toD; ,l)/
tóma'g p? vnf;aumif;/ tm'Dea0g p? vnf;aumif;/ (þESpcf suu f kd
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(þESpcf suv f nf; wpfaygif;wnf;)/ tm'Dea0g p? aumif;/ edó&PÍö? aumif;/
(þESpcf suv f nf; wpfaygif;wnf;)/ tóma'g p? aumif;/ tm'Dea0g p?
aumif;/ edó&PÍö? aumif;/ (þok;H csuv f nf; wpfaygif;wnf; ,l)/ £wd?
od/Yk {aw owå y|mee,m? þckepfyg;aom y|meenf;wdo Yk nf/ a[mEÅ?d
uke\ f /
awok? xdck ek pfyg;aom enf;wdw Yk iG /f wwd,q|owårm? wwd,enf;ç
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tjzpfaMumifh/ *[dwm? ukef\/ £wa&? þokH;yg;rS wpfyg;ukefaom/
pwåma&m? av;yg;aom enf;wdu Yk /kd e *[dwm? uke/f
a'oem[m&\ y'w¬csnf; jzpfvsuf todkYrlí av;yg;aom enf;wdkYudk
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[d opö?H \/ uxdawe? a[mtyfaom/ au0ave? oufoufaom/
tóma'e 0g? jzifv
h nf;aumif;/ tm'Dea0e 0g? aumif;/ w'kba,e 0g?
xdt
k óm' tm'De0ESpyf g;jzifv
h nf;aumif;/ a0ae,s0ed ,eH? a0ae,swu
Ykd kd
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y[mem0peawm? y,fjcif;udk ra[mjcif;aMumifwh nf;/
,if;odkY udavomwdkYudk y,fjcif;udk ra[maomaMumifh oufoufaom
tm'De0 ponfjzifh a0ae,swdkYudk qkH;rjcif; rjzpfaomf tóm'edó&P
[laom yÍörenf;onf udavomwdkYudk y,fjcif;udk a[mygaomaMumifh
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yÍöarmyd? tóm'edó&P[laom yÍörenf;onfvnf;/ tm'De0g0p-
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0g? t&d,r*feAd mÁ ef\/ tEkyga,m {0? taMumif;r[kwo
f vQiw f nf;/
t&Sift|uxmq&m...tm'De0udk ra[mapumrl udavoy[mefuk d
a[mygaomf ed ó &P\ Oyg,jzpf a umif ; yg\wum;-[k apm'emzG , f
&Sd&um; ]e [d}tp&Sdaom ygXfudk rdefYaomf/
[d wa'0 opö?H \/ b*0awm? \/ 0drw k &då om? 0drw
k u då pd &ö adS om/
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taMumif;udvk nf;aumif;/ temroEÅ?D rok;H oyfrí l / e y0wåw?d rjzpf/ wo®m?
aMumif/h {aw pwåma&m e,m? wdu Yk /kd tEk'#¨ m? rxkwt f yfuek /f
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av;yg;aom enf;wdkYudk ra[mavoenf;-[k tar;ykpäm&Sd&um; ]oap
ye}tp&Sdaom ygXfudk rdefYownf;/
y'y&ró? jzpfaom/ yk*¾vó? \/ 0aoe? jzifh/ y0wåH? aom/
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okww f pfpw d u
f v
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{awoH e,meH? xdck ek pfyg;aom enf;wd\

Yk / O'g[&Pbma0e? ½kP\ f tjzpfjzif/h
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f nf &Sad omf/
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jzpfapjcif;onf/ a[mwd? \/ wH? xdkt&d,r*fudk jzpfapjcif;onf/
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t0aoao[d? ukeaf om/ ea,[d? wdjYk zif/h e a[mwd? rjzpf/ £wd wo®m?
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þa'oem0dbm*ü/ e 0kwmå ? uke/f
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,o®m ye? aMumifu h m;/ ay#au
ay#au? ü/ (þESpyf 'k uf kd 0kwüHå pyf)/
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tb,fenf; [lrlum;/ yk&daom? onf/ ,med? tMuif aumif;rI
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tóma'g? rnf\/ ygyum&D? onf/ ,H ygyH? tMuif raumif;usKd;udk/
ypöEak bmwd? \/ t,H? þraumif;usK;d onf/ tm'Dea0g? rnf\/ /
«|? 48» t|dar bdua© 0 /v/ vmabmwd tm'd? þodYk tp&Sad om
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okc?H csr;f omjcif;onfvnf;aumif;/ yoHom? cs;D rGr;f jcif;onfvnf;aumif;/ tw¬?d
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vnf;aumif;/ tw¬?d \/ t,H? þvmbfr&jcif; tp&So d nfonf/ tm'Dea0g?
rnf\/ /
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vnf;aumif;/ edó&PÍö? onfvnf;aumif;/ uwarm? [lru l m;/ yknmeH?
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p? tvdo k nfvnf;/ £ZÑw?d jynfph \ Hk / cdyÍÜ ?ö vsipf mG vnf;/ y&rH? jrwfaom/
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[k rSwv f if)h / /
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(þum; teufajyjypf½kH ay,smvwpfpdwfudk azmfí ay;vdkufonf/
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tóma'g p? onfvnf;/ a[mwd? \/ edó&PÍö? onfvnf;/ a[mwd? \/
(þüvnf; puú0wåb d m0onf tóm'? or®morÁK'b ¨ m0onf edó&P
rnf\)/ /
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wnf;[laom 0efwu Ykd v
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k nf;aumif;/ 0kwmå ? \/
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bm&m'geonf tm'De0? bm&edau©ye y&deAd KÁ wo d nf edó&Prnf\)/ /
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vnf;aumif;/ tm'Dea0g p? onfvnf;aumif;/ edó&PÍö? onfvnf;aumif;/
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kd nf;aumif;/ ,H
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tMuif Nidrf;aptyfNyD;aom raumif;rI&Sdaom &[ef;\ tjzpfudk
vnf;aumif;/ 0kw?Hå \/
t,H? þumr tp&So d nfonf/ tóma'g p? onfvnf;/ a[mwd?
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{0}[laom ygXfudk rdefYownf;/
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k wåaYH om 0kw-Hå [laom
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1/ t0dZÆm t0dZÆm, a[wk / / t0dZmÆ onf teEÅ&jzpfaom t0dZmÆ tm;

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teEÅ& r[kwaf om o[Zmwf t0dZmÆ tm; a[wkç o[Zmwç tnrnç edó,ç
aomf/ {uo®ð pdwKå ygÜ a'? wpfcak om pdwKå ygÜ 'fü/ taeum? ukeaf om/ t0dZmÆ ?
wdo Yk nf/ 0dZEÆ dÅ uð? &Sud ek o
f avm/ £wd? od/Yk apm'emorÇ0awm? aMumif/h
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twlwuG wnfjcif;onf/ ew¬?d r&S/d £wd? od/Yk {war0w¬?H udo k mvQi/f
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tw¬?H þqdt k yfvwHaYå om teufu/kd 'aówd? \/ uð 'aówd? enf;[lru l m;/
ADZH? onf/ tuFk&ó? \/ a[wk a[mEÅH? taMumif; jzpfonf&Sdaomf/
oreEÅ&a[wkwm,? tjcm;r&Sdaom taMumif;\ tjzpfjzifh/ a[wk?
taMumif;onf/ a[mwd ,xm? uJo h /Ykd ye? wpfyg;/ ADZawm? aMumif/h 0g? rS/
,H zvH? tMuiftoD;onf/ edAw Á w
å ?d jzpf\/ wó zvó? xdt k oD;\/ ADZ?H
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vGeo f nf? roif)h / '|AÁ?H \/ £wd? od/Yk 'aówd? \/ /
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[lvakd omf/
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d nfwüYkd / uyv’u
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y&du©ma&mwd 0kwåH wo®m} ygXfudk?
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um&PH? ud/k ]]y&dum© a&m}}wd? [lí/ 0kw?Hå \/ um&Pbma0g p? taMumif;\
tjzpfonfvnf;/ zvmayu©m,? tusK;d udk iJah omtm;jzif/h a[mwd? \/
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onf/ a[mwd? \/ ,Íö zvH? tMuif tusK;d onfvnf;aumif;/ wó?

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aum p? tb,fenf;/ (aum p ww¬ orÁaE¨m um&Pzvbma0g p vnf;
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p? onfvnf;/ a[mwd? \/ um&Pzvbma0g p? onfvnf;/ a[mwd? \/
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"ar®m? onf/ 0kypädaEém emr? jywfonfrnfonf/ a[mwd? \/ wH?
xdwk pfyg;aom w&m;\ taMumif;rjzpfrí l csKyaf om w&m;onf/ ,xm
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ye "ar®m? onfum;/ twåaem? tm;/ tEk½yl ó? avsmufywfaom/ zvó?
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taw¬m}}wd? [lí/ tm[? \/ /
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emr? tusKd;rrnf/ wo®m? aMumifh/ ]]ed edAÁwådtaw¬m zvaw¬m}}wd? [lí/
0kw?Hå \/ ,o®m ye? aMumifu h m;/ yk&rd ba0e? a&S;b0ESi/hf teEÅ&b0
y#doE¨me0aoe? tjcm;r&Sad om b0udk pyfaomtm;jzif/h y0wåm? jzpfuek af om/

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f /
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rjzwftyfuek af o;/ wm0? vk;H / tEkaoEÅd emr? ude;f 0yfonf rnfuek \ f / awe?
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[lí/ tm[? \/ ,w¬ t0k y apä a 'g ww¬ oEÅ w D wd? um;/ ,w¬
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taMumif;\ rjywfjcif;onf/ a[mwd? \/ ww¬? xdk½kyfemrfwdkY\ jzpf&mü/
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\/ /
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uma&mwd ud&d,mraem"mwk}[k zGifhaomf/
reoduma&m ma&mwd? um;/ ud&,

d mraem"mwk? ud&,
d mraem"mwfwnf;/
(yÍö'gG &m0ZÆe;f -[lvakd omf)/
tb,h f a Mumif h xd k r eod u m&onf obm0a[wk rnf o enf ;
[laom tar;udk ajzvdkí ]om [d} ponfudk rdefYownf;/
([d u m; 0gusm&rÇ O yEsmownf ; / yu© E Å & vnf ; [l ) / om? xd k
ud&d,mraem"mwfonf/ pu©K0dnmPó? \/ 0dnmPbma0e? jzifh/
ormeZmwdwm,? wlaom oabm&So d nf\ tjzpfaMumif/h obma0g a[wk?
wlaom oabm&Sad om taMumif;onf/ a[mwd? \/ ocFg&m /v/ a[wlw?d
um;/ yknm'dtbdocFg&m? yknmbdocFg& tp&Sad om tbdocFg&wdo Yk nf/
y#doE¨0d n
d mPó? \/ ypöa,m? ypö,taMumif;onf/ a[mwd? \/ ww¬?
xdkyknmbdocFg& tp&SdonfwdkYü/ a,m obma0g? tMuifjyKjyifjcif;
oabmonf/ tw¬?d \/ aom obma0g? xdjk yKjyifjcif;oabmonf/ a[wk?
a[wktaMumif;onf/ a[mwd? \/ £wd? od/Yk a0'dwaAÁm? \/
tvkH;pkHaom ocFg&udkyif vdktyfoavm[laom ykpämudk ajzvdkí
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{0H /v/ y&du©ma&m
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\/ zvó? ud/k y&du&© Pawm tbdocF&Pawm? jyKjyifwwfaomaMumif/h
1/ aooya'okyd / / 0dnmOfonf emrf½yk \

f ypö,taMumif; rnf\/
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[lvakd omf/
y&dum© a&m? rnf\/ wó? xdt

k aMumif;ud/k ed'g¨ a&wGm? í/ uxeH? qdjk cif;onf/
y&dum© a&m [ma&m? rnf\/ £wd? od/Yk '|AÁ?H \/ /
y&du©m&[m&0db*F0PÖem? 0dbif; tzGifhonf/ ed|dwm? NyD;NyD/ /
e e e
16-orma&mye[m&0dbif; tzGifh
50/ ww¬ /v/ [ma&m [ma&mwd? onf/ orma&mye[m&0dba*Fg? wnf;/
ww¬? ü/ {uo®ð y'|maey'|maewd? um;/ ,o®ð udoÍd® ?dö wpfpw Hk pfcak om/ {uo®?ð
aom/ um&Pblaw? aom/ "ar®? ud/k okawåe? jzif/h *[daw? aomf/
,wåumed y'|memed Mow&EÅDw?d um;/ ,wåumed? ukeaf om/ tanoH?
wpfyg;aom w&m;wdkY\/ um&Pblwmed? taMumif;jzpfí jzpfukefaom
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pka0;uke\ f / oAÁmed wmed orma&my,dwAÁmeDw?d um;/ oAÁmed? ukeaf om/
wmed y'|memed? wdu Yk /kd y'|meblwm? ukeaf om/ "r®m? wdu Yk /kd (þESpyf 'k u
f m;
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wifaom y'|mefwu Ykd u
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y'|mef a 00k p f w d k Y u d k ,l o jzif h yk e ½k w å d o m jzpf t H h o nf w um;-[k

ESvkH;ydkufí uo®m yaew¬ ponfjzifh apm'emownf;/
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r[kww f aHk vm/ £wd t,H? vQi/f apm'em? wnf;/ {wH 0peH? þapm'uqdak om
pum;onf/ opö?H rSe\ f /
rS e f y gaomf r,l b J a eaumif ; \ wum;-[k wk H Y j yef & maomaMumif h
]£" ye} tp&Sdaom ygXfudk rdefYownf;/
ye wxmyd? vnf;/ £"? þorma&mye[m&ü/ y'|mea00pe*¾[PH1?
y'|mefç a00kpwf u
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Yk ol nf&adS omf/ bm0emy[memed? wdo Yk nf/ 0g? wdu
Yk /kd
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