2019

PORTFOLIO ABOUT BADMINTON

ESTELA ANDRINO, JAEZZA MARIE GARACHICO,

CHLOE ELLICE PANALIGAN, ANTHONY SALVADOR
PHYSICAL EDUCATION 3
12/10/2019
 Badminton

definition
-Badminton, court or lawn game played with lightweight rackets and a shuttlecock.
-a game with rackets in which a shuttlecock is played back and forth across a net.
-is a racquet sport played using racquets to hit a shuttlecock across a net. Although it may be played with larger teams, the most
common forms of the game are "singles" (with one player per side) and "doubles" (with two players per side).

HISTORY OF BADMINTON
The game is named for Badminton, the country estate of the dukes of Beaufort in Gloucestershire, England, where it was first played
about 1873. The roots of the sport can be traced to ancient Greece, China, and India, and it is closely related to the old children’s game
battledore and shuttlecock.

Badminton is derived directly from poona, which was played by British army officers stationed in India in the 1860s. The first unofficial all-
England badminton championships for men were held in 1899, and the first badminton tournament for women was arranged the next
year.

The Badminton World Federation (BWF; originally the International Badminton Federation), the world governing body of the sport, was
formed in 1934. Badminton is also popular in Malaysia, Indonesia, Japan, and Denmark. The BWF’s first world championships were held
in 1977. A number of regional, national, and zonal badminton tournaments are held in several countries. The best-known of these is the
All-England Championships. Other well-known international tournaments include the Thomas Cup (donated 1939) for men’s team
competition and the Uber Cup (donated 1956) for women’s team competition.
Badminton first appeared in the Olympic Games as a demonstration sport in 1972 and as an exhibition sport in 1988. At the 1992 Games
it became a full-medal Olympic sport, with competition for men’s and women’s singles (one against one) and doubles (two against two).
Mixed doubles was introduced at the 1996 Games.

COURT AND EQUIPMENT

Court
The court shall be a rectangle marked out with lines 40 mm wide. The lines marking out the court shall be easily distinguishable and
preferably be colored white or yellow.
The posts shall be 1.55 meters in height from the surface of the court and shall remain vertical when the net is strained as provided in
Law 1.10. The posts shall be placed on the doubles side lines irrespective of whether singles or doubles is being played in the court. The
posts or its supports shall not extend into the court beyond the side lines.
The net shall be made of fine cord of dark color and even thickness with a mesh of not less than l5 mm and not more than 20 mm. The
net shall be 760 mm in depth and at least 6.1 meters wide.
The top of the net shall be edged with a 75 mm white tape doubled over a cord or cable running through the tape. This tape shall rest
upon the cord or cable.
The cord or cable shAll be stretched firmly, flush with the top of the posts.
The top of the net from the surface of the court shall be 1.524 meters at the center of the court and 1.55 meters over the side lines for
doubles.
 Shuttle Cock
The shuttle shall be made of natural and/or synthetic materials. From whatever material the shuttle is made, the
flight characteristics generally shall be similar to those produced by a natural feathered shuttle with a cork base
covered by a thin layer of leather.
 Feathered Shuttle
-The shuttle shall have 16 feathers fixed in the base.
-The feathers shall have a uniform length between 62 mm to 70 mm when measured from the tip to the top
of the base.
-The tips of the feathers shall lie on a circle with a diameter from 58 mm to 68 mm.
-The feathers shall be fastened firmly with thread or other suitable material.
-The base shall be 25 mm to 28 mm in diameter and rounded on the bottom.
-The shuttle shall weigh from 4.74 to 5.50 grams.
 Non-Feathered

 Shuttle
-The skirt, or simulation of feathers in synthetic materials, shall replace natural feathers.
 Racket
The racket shall be a frame not exceeding 680 mm in overall length and 230 mm in overall width
consisting of the main parts described in Laws 4.1.1 to 4.1.5.

 The HANDLE is the part of the racket intended to be gripped by a player.

 The STRINGED AREA is the part of the racket with which it is intended that a player hits the
shuttle.
 The HEAD bounds the stringed area.
 The SHAFT connects the handle to the head (subject to Law 4.1.5).
 The THROAT (if present) connects the shaft to the head.

Badminton rules
Each organization is allowed 1 singles and 1 doubles team. A student may compete in both.

Rules
 A player must wait until his opponent is ready before serving. If the opponent attempts a return then he is ruled having been
ready.
 The feet of both players must remain in a stationary position until the serve is made. Your feet can not be touching the line at this
time.
 It is not a fault if you miss the shuttle while serving.
 The shuttle cannot be caught and slung with the racket.
 A player cannot hold his racket near the net to ward off a downward stroke by his opponent or to interfere with his racket.
Faults
 The shuttle, at the instant of being hit is higher than the servers waist or the head of the racket is higher than the servers racket
hand.
 The shuttle does not land in the correct service court.
 The server's feet are not in the service court or if the feet of the receiver are not in the court diagonally opposite the server.
 The server steps forward as he/she serves.
 Any player balking or feinting his opponent before serve or during serve.
 A serve or shot that lands outside the court boundaries, passes under or through the net, touches any other obstructions or a
players body or clothing. The boundary and service lines are considered in play.
 The shuttle in play is struck before it crosses the net to the striker's side of the net. You may follow through over the net.
 A player touching the net or its supports with his body or racket while the shuttle is in play.
 Hitting the shuttle twice in succession by a player or team.


Interval and Change of Ends

o A 1 minute interval between each game is allowed.
o In the third game, players change ends when the leading score reaches 11 points.

Singles
o At the beginning of the game (0-0) and when the server’s score is even, the server serves from the right service court. When the
server’s score is odd, the server serves from the left service court.
o If the server wins a rally, the server scores a point and then serves again from the alternate service court.
o If the receiver wins a rally, the receiver scores a point and becomes the new server. They serve from the appropriate service
court – left if their score is odd, and right if it is even.
Doubles
o A side has only one ‘set’.
o The service passes consecutively to the players as shown in the diagram.
o At the beginning of the game and when the score is even, the server serves from the right service court. When it is odd, the
server serves from the left court.
o If the serving side wins a rally, the serving side scores a point and the same server serves again from the alternate service court.
o If the receiving side wins a rally, the receiving side scores a point. The receiving side becomes the new serving side.
o The players do not change their respective service courts until they win a point when their side is serving.

If players commit an error in the service court, the error is corrected when the mistake is discovered.
In a doubles match between A & B against C & D. A & B won the toss and decided to serve. A to serve to C. A shall be the initial
server while C shall be the initial receiver.
Course of action / Explanation Score Service from Service Court Server & Winner
Receiver of the
rally
A serves to
Right Service Court. Being the C. A and C A & B
score of the serving side is even. are the
Love initial
All server and
receiver.
A & B win a point. A & B will change service courts. A serves again 1-0 Left Service Court. Being the A serves to C & D
from Left service court. C & D will stay in the same service courts. score of the serving side is odd D

C & D win a point and also right to serve. Nobody will change their 1-1 Left Service Court. Being the D serves to A & B
respective service courts. score of the serving side is odd. A.

A & B win a point and also right to serve. Nobody will change their 2-1 Right Service Court. Being the B serves to C & D
respective service courts. score of the serving side is even. C

C & D win a point and also right to serve. Nobody will change their 2-2 Right Service Court. Being the C serves to C & D
respective service courts. score of the serving side is even. B

C & D win a point. C & D will change service courts. C serves from 3-2 Left Service Court. Being the C serves to A & B
Left service court. A & B will stay in the same service courts. score of the serving side is odd. A

A & B win a point and also right to serve. Nobody will change their 3-3 Left Service Court. Being the A serves to A & B
respective service courts. score of the serving side is odd. C

A & B win a point. A & B will change service courts. A serves again 4-3 Right Service Court. Being the A serves to C & D
from Right service court. C & D will stay in the same service courts. score of the serving side is even. D
Note that this means:

o The order of server depends on the score odd or even same as in singles.
o The service courts are changed by the servicing side only when a point is scored. In all other cases, the players continue to
stay in their respective service court from where they played previous rally. This shall guarantee alternate server.

Game Rules/Scoring Players

1. Singles – one player on a side.

2. Doubles – two players on a side.

3. Mixed Doubles – one male and one female partner opposing a male and female opponent.

Scoring
1. Rally scoring allows for a point to be won by either team regardless of which team is serving.

2. Both singles and doubles games are won with 21 points.

3. The side winning a rally adds a point to their score.

4. At 20 all, the side that gains a 2 point lead first, wins that game.

5. At 29 all, the side scoring the 30th point wins that game.

6. In the third game of singles and doubles, players change sides when a side scores 11 points.
7. A match is won by winning two out of three games

General Rules/Regulations
1. Serving

a. The server must keep both feet in contact with the floor at the time of the serve.

b. The bird must be contacted below the waist.

c. The racket head must be below the server’s wrist.

d. The server should not serve until the receiver is ready; the opponent is deemed ready if a return is attempted.

e. Partners of the server and receiver may stand anywhere on the court providing they do not obstruct the opponent’s
view.

f. A bird that touches the net on the serve and goes into the proper service court is legal.

g. If the server misses the bird on the serve attempt, it still counts. In singles and doubles the serve would go to the
opponent.

2. Serving Order – Singles

a. At the beginning of the game (0-0) and when the server’s score is even, the serve will begin from the right service court.
When the server’s score is odd, the serve will be from the left service court.

b. If the server wins a rally, the server scores a point and will then serve again from the alternate service court.

c. If the receiver wins a rally, the receiver scores a point and becomes the new server. They serve from the appropriate
service court – left if the score is odd and right if it is even.

3. Serving Order - Doubles

 a. A team will only have one player serve, per “service”.

b. At the beginning of the game and when the score is even (0,2,4,6, etc.) the server serves from the right service court.
When it is odd (1,3,5,7, etc.) the server serves from the left service court.

c. If the serving side wins a rally, the serving side scores a point and the same server serves again from the alternate
service court.

d. If the receiving side wins a rally, the receiving side scores a point. The receiving side becomes the new serving side.

e. The players do not change their respective service courts until they win a point when their side is serving.

4. The winners of the first game serve first in the next game.

5. Birds falling on the lines are considered good.

6. During a rally, a bird that touches the net and goes over is in play.

7. A fault (violation of rules) occurs if:

a. On the service, any part of the racket head is higher than the server’s wrist and contact is made above the waist.

b. The service fails to cross the net or go into the proper service court.

c. The feet of the server and receiver are not in the proper courts at time of service.

d. The server hesitates or stops (feint/balk) the service motion or misses the bird.

e. The improper receiver returns the bird on the serve.

f. A bird hit into the net, under the net, against the wall or ceiling is out-of-bounds.

g. A player hits the bird before it crosses the net.

h. The bird touches a player or clothing.

i. The player touches the net while the bird is in play.

 j. The bird is hit twice in succession by one/both partners.

k. The bird is held, caught, or carried on the racket when struck.

l. A player obstructs an opponent.

8. Let (a play allowed to be replayed)

a. The bird becomes caught in or on the net after passing over the net.

b. The bird hits the basketball supports or net.

c. The following situations occur before the next serve and if the offending side wins the rally:

1. The correct server serves from the wrong court.

2. The wrong server serves from either the correct/incorrect service court.

3. The correct receiver receives in the wrong court.

Basic Skills
A. Grip

1. Forehand – with the racket head perpendicular to the floor, shake hands with the grip so the “V” formed by the thumb and
forefinger is on the top of the handle.

2. Backhand – using a forehand grip, rotate the hand slightly so the thumb is along and parallel to the wide side of the handle.

B. Footwork
 1. Move toward the shot with short steps and end with a long stride.

2. In the ready position the racket is held high, the knees are slightly bent, and the body weight is on the balls of the feet.

C. Strokes

By using the same motion for all shots, the opponent is unable to detect what shot you are going to make until the bird is actually
hit. A good wrist action allows more power and control with much less effort. A forehand stroke is one from the dominant side; the
backhand stroke is from the non-dominant side. The racket is swung back, the arm is bent with the elbow up, the wrist is cocked, and
the body weight is placed on the back foot. From this position, the stroke is made by throwing the hand at the point of contact between
bird and racket with weight being transferred to the forward foot. If possible, shots should be made with an overhand stroke.

1. Clear shot

Trajectory: high, towards the back court

Played from: Back court
Purpose: Defensive shot
Aim of this shot is to let the shuttle fly high in the air and land at your opponent’s back
court. It is used when you need time to get back to the base before the next return or if
you don’t have a clear opportunity to kill and win the point.
2. Drop

Trajectory: Looping close to the net

Played from: Back court
Purpose: Attacking Shot

It is used when the shuttle is heading towards you in the back court. As an attempt
to this stroke, the player must hit downward towards the opponent’s fore-court,
aiming for it to go just over the net. The closer the shuttle drops to the net, the
harder it is to return.

This shot is used when the opponent is in the back court, expecting a clear shot or
a drive.

3.Drive

Trajectory: Flat, towards the body

Played from: Mid-court
Purpose: Defensive Shot

The drive is a flat shot hit directly and slightly over the net. It is a very powerful
and quick counter attacking shot. Your racket should be held with the head facing
straight ahead. It can sometimes be strategic to aim the shot at your opponent
who will be unable to react or shift his body in time as their natural reaction will be
to duck/avoid the shot.
4.Smash

Trajectory: Close to the net

Played from: Back court/Mid-court
Purpose: To provide less time for the opponent

Most lethal shot in badminton. It can be defined as a drive angled downwards. It

can be used when the shuttle is high in the air and can be angled downwards.

Net Shots are used to create opportunities and dominate the front court.

5.Net Lift
Trajectory: high, towards the back court
Played from: Forecourt
Purpose: Defensive shot

The net lift sends the shuttle high up to your opponent’s baseline. It is
hit from very close to the net. When you find it difficult to retrieve your
opponent’s net shot, you can choose the defensive net lift. Do not
hesitate to lift it high and towards the back court. This can prevent
your opponent from striking with a net kill. Practice to lift the shuttle
high enough so the shuttle won’t hit the net.
 6.Net Kill
Trajectory: Flat and downwards

Played from: Fore court

Purpose: To end a rally

A very useful shot to end a rally when your opponent executes a

poor quality (too high) net shot.
Practice these shots and master them.

D. SERVICE

The service must be done in the service area (see below in the image of Badminton), and if your number of points is even, you have to
do the right side, if it is odd, you have to do the left side.

The service must always be done diagonally (if you serve in the right service area, you have to send it to the right area of your opponent),
and if you fall outside that area, your opponent wins the point.

Every battle for a badminton point starts with a serve. It’s the first step that opens up the game and introduces players to each other.
Every contact in badminton is important, but the first time you hit the birdie may have a very significant effect on you.
There are 4 types of service: High Service, Low Service, Flicker Service and Drive Service
High Serve

 This type of serve is usually executed when you want the shuttle to land at the
back end of the court. A good high serve must have the shuttle dropping steeply
downwards at the back end of the court.
Low Serve

 The low serve is used when you want the shuttlecock to land in front of the court
(in front of your opponent). A good low serve will have the shuttlecock flying just
above the net.
Flicker Service

 The “fake” low badminton serve can also be used to trick your opponent (deceive
your opponent to expect a low serve).
Drive Service

 Drive serve is one of the variations to the high serve and the low serve. This is an attacking serve that can be used in both singles
and doubles. However, it is rarely used so that it avoids opponent to anticipate the serve. This service can be used when your
opponent's overhead position is unguarded.
E. Flight Patterns (left to right)

A = underhand clear/high single serve F = hairpin net shot

B = short serve G = smash

C = underhand drop shot H = overhead drop hot

D = overhead clear I = net shot I = net shot

E = high doubles serve J = drive

 Judges
The badminton game has about 12 judges (true, such a small field and so many people to see), being separated by functions:
Referee: This is aided by the remaining judges and is the one that has the final word on decisions regarding compliance with the rules
during the game.
Line Judge: In a game 10 line judges are present, being responsible for seeing if the shuttle falls out of the limit of the field and also to
warn the general referee of some infraction in the rules.
Service Judge: The service judge has the sole purpose of observing the timing of the service to see if it is executed correctly and
whether all rules are met by both players.
 Playing Strategy
A. Singles – serve long most of the time. Return a high serve with a drop or clear. Build the game plan on a basis of alternate drop and
clear shots, and then use the smash/drive as openings occur. Run your opponent from the front to back and from side to side of the
court.

B. Doubles – make shots, the return of which will leave an opening for your partner to play a winning shot. Never play a shot that
leaves your partner open to smashes. Always make an attacking shot. This implies that all shots should be hit down. Most serves
should be short and low. Attack short serves when receiving. 1. Side-by side – each partner is responsible for half of the playing court,
net to baseline. 2. Up-and-back – one member plays the front portion of the court, operating from the centerline and just behind the
short service line. The partner plays the rear portion of the court from the centerline and just in front of the double rear service line. 3.
Up/back rotation – combines the two doubles’ strategies, using the sideby-side position for defense, and up and back formation for
attack.

15 Health Benefits of Playing Baminton

Badminton is a great game both as a professional and recreational one. It requires not only skill but also extensive body movement
which helps to keep you physically fit and strong.

Quite frankly, badminton has become a very popular game among all age groups nowadays, and it is fairly easy to play. Moreover, you
don’t need to be standing on a badminton court to play badminton.
Other than all of that, badminton also has several health benefits.
1. Reduce Weight And Get Rid Of Excess Fat

Badminton involves a lot of physical activity. Just by playing it for an hour, you’ll burn around 400-550 calories which are marked as the
highest among all sports. This means, playing badminton regularly can help you shed as much as 4 Kgs in a month. Moreover, playing
badminton utilizes every of your body muscles which helps to burn more fat.
2. Improves Lung Health
Playing badminton has shown to improve the health and functioning of your lungs drastically. It has been seen that individuals who play
badminton depend less on nasal sprays to prevent snoring. The main reason is healthy blood movement and improvement in overall
body stamina.
3. Helps Cure Hypertension

Throw away all those medicines you’ve been using for hypertension because badminton helps not only to reduce hypertension but also
cures it once and for all. This is because playing badminton helps to lower your blood pressure and produce natural chemical reactions
within your body which has drugs like properties.
4. Reduces Risk of Diabetes
Because badminton involves enough physical activity, it helps to decrease blood sugar levels which decrease overall production of
sugar by your liver, and this reduces the risk of diabetes in your body. Individuals who play badminton have a lower risk of diabetes.
5. Increases Bone Density

While badminton helps to reduce weight and overall body fat percentage, it also alleviates stress on your bones and helps in the growth
of cells that promotes bone growth and maximum accumulation of calcium which strengthens them.
6. Improves Heart Function

Cholesterol development in the walls of heart as you grow up is getting very common nowadays. This can result in heart attack, strokes
and poor health. Badminton can help to burn the extra fat and get rid of excess cholesterol in your body, ultimately strengthening the
heart muscles and preventing the risk of heart attack. Badminton helps to increase levels of HDL in your body, which is known as the
good cholesterol while decreasing the levels of bad cholesterol.
7. Improves Reflexes, Intelligence and Productivity

Since badminton involves rigorous movements, it helps you to keep alert thus improving your reflexes and making you more alert. This
allows you to concentrate better on work, makes you agile and also develop strength which helps to get rid of stress.
8. Improves Metabolism

With more cardio-pulmonary function involved inn playing badminton, your body gets in the habit of sweating naturally, eliminating
toxins and improving your metabolism. With improved metabolism, you will burn more calories throughout the day and get rid of the
excess fat on your body.
 9. Helps Maintain Your Physique

Doesn’t matter what skill level you are playing badminton. It helps all to improve their overall physique. It is also known as a figure-
toning workout. So, if you have flab around your waist and desperately want to get rid of it and want those six packs bulging out, half an
hour or one daily combined with a good diet is all you need.
10. Keeps You In Good Mood, Strong & Motivated

Playing badminton is not only limited to physical benefits but mental as well. It helps to kick away depression, anxiety and stress while
keeping you in a good mood, strong and motivated. You’ll enjoy better and peaceful sleep in the night and minimize the risk of any pre-
existing illness getting aroused within your body because of poor sleep.
11. Fights Stress

If you are someone who has a very busy routine and this results in excessive stress, then you need to spare 15-30 minutes of your
daily time and play badminton. It is a very intense sport and involves physical exertion. The extra physical activity helps to keep your
mind relaxed and alleviated stress on your body. Individuals who play badminton are in a more relaxed mood and peaceful state of
mind. With a calm mind, you can focus better on your life.
12. Improves Cognitive Function

Mind – Body coordination is a must when playing badminton and this results in improved cognitive function. Keeping an eye on the
shuttlecock and quickly strategizing how to smash it will help to improve your thinking skills which also helps you in making better
decisions in life.
13. Helps Improving Your Social Skills

Of course, you can’t play badminton alone. Also, playing with the same person over and over again can get you bored easily. So, you
look to play with new and competitive individuals every time, and this helps you to improve your social skills and increase your social
circle as well. Meeting new people to play with you helps to socialize better.
14. Releases Endorphins
Any physical activity will release endorphins. However, badminton being a game involving extensive physical movements, it releases
more endorphins which helps you to fight with fatigue, anxiety and improve mental health naturally.
15. Better Lifestyle
As a result of all the health benefits badminton yields for you, you’ll have a better overall lifestyle. With better sleep, you’ll feel more
active and perform better at your daily tasks. Moreover, being physically fit and having a healthy brain functioning will help you focus
better and feel good all the time.

BADMINTON FACTS
Badminton has its origins in ancient civilizations in Asia and Europe with a game called battledore (bat or paddle) and shuttlecock.

The name ‘Badminton’ comes from a stately home in Gloucestershire, England – home of the Duke of Beaufort.
The contemporary form of the game called ‘Poona’ was played in India in the 1800s. British officers in the mid 1800’s took a form of the
game called ‘Poona’ back to England and it was introduced as a game for the guests.
The world governing body, International Badminton Federation (IBF) was formed in 1934 with nine members Canada, Denmark,
England, France, Ireland, Netherlands, New Zealand, Scotland and Wales and now has over 150 member countries.

Badminton is extremely popular in Asia with 15,000 spectators seen at finals of major badminton matches in Indonesia and Malaysia.

Badminton at the top level is extremely physically demanding, requiring strength endurance, muscular power, agility, speed endurance,
anaerobic power and a capacity to accelerate / decelerate.

More than 1.1 billion people watched badminton's Olympic debut on TV in 1992.The most successful badminton countries at the top
level are China, Korea and Indonesia.

A total of 15 medals were contested at the Athens Olympic Games in badminton across the five disciplines - singles (men, women),
doubles (men, women) and mixed doubles.

The Commonwealth Games also has a Teams event for badminton – as well as an Individual knockout competition. Teams are in
pools, the initial is a round robin format, and the winners of each pool progress to a knockout competition for the medal placing. Each
tie in the Teams Event for the Commonwealth Games consists of one match in each of the five disciplines – singles (men, women),
doubles (men, women) and mixed doubles.
The IOCs Olympic Programme Commission Report released after the Athens Games showed badminton to be ranked 11th most
watched sport from the TV broadcasts from the Athens Games.

For the Athens TV broadcast, badminton was rated 11th out of 28 sports in terms of Total Viewer Hours and 11th in terms of Prime
Time Viewer Hours.

Badminton had its Olympic debut in Barcelona in 1992.

Badminton was introduced to the Commonwealth Games in Kingston Jamaica in 1966.

Australians have won 11 badminton medals at the Commonwealth Games.

A shuttle weighs between 4.74 and 5.50 grams. The highest quality shuttles have a natural cork base covered by thin leather, and 16
goose feathers from the bird's left wing that are held together with thread and glue.

The fastest badminton hit in competition is 417 km/h (259 mph), achieved by Lee Chong Wei (Malaysia) in Tokyo, Japan, on 24
September 2017. Lee Chong Wei achieved this record in the Japan Open final against Viktor Axelsen (Denmark).

Badminton Terminologies
1. Alley – an extension of the width of the court on both sides to be used in doubles play.
2. Backhand – any stroke made on the side of the body opposite the racket side.
3. Baseline – back boundary line.
4. Bird – the object that flies over the net, officially known as a shuttlecock.
5. Block – placing the racket in front of the bird and letting it rebound into the opponent’s court.
6. Carry – momentarily holding the bird on the racket during the execution of a stroke.
7. Clear – a high shot that falls close to the baseline.
8. Double hit – contacting the bird twice in succession on the same stroke.
9. Doubles – a game of four players, two on each team.
10. Drive – a hard stroke that just clears the net on a horizontal plane.
11. Drop – a shot made that barely clears the net with little speed.
12. Fault – any violation of the rules whose penalty is loss of serve or the point.
13. Forehand – any stroke made on the racket side of the body.

14. Hairpin (net) stroke – shot made from below and very close to the net with the bird just clearing the net and dropping sharply
downward.
15. Home position – the ideal spot for awaiting the opponent’s return.
16. Let – a play allowed to be replayed.
17. Match – best two out of three games.

18. Odd and even courts – in singles, the right half of the court is “even” and the left half of the court is the “odd.” When the even
player is serving from the right the score is even, and odd when serving from the left.
19. Rally – rapid returns made by players.
20. Ready position – an alert body position enabling quick movement in any direction.
21. Receiver – the player to whom the bird is served.
22. Server – the player who puts the bird in play.
23. Shuttlecock – the feathered/plastic object that is hit back and forth in badminton.
24. Singles – a game involving one player on each end of the court.
25. Sling – an untrue hit, usually because of the bird momentarily resting on the racket.
26. Smash – a powerful overhand stroke that sends the bird downward over the net.
27. Stroke – the action of striking the bird with the racket.
28. Toss/spin – the method of deciding which side will serve first at the beginning of the match.

References:
https://sportsregras.com/en/badminton-rules-history/
https://www.britannica.com/sports/badminton
https://spyn.co/blog/basic-badminton-shots/
https://web.mst.edu/~ima/rules/Badmintonrules.html
Source: https://sportsregras.com/en/badminton-rules-history/
https://www.badmintonwa.org.au/about/about-game
https://www.lths.net/cms/lib/IL01904810/Centricity/domain/165/units/Badminton.pdf
https://www.newvisionbadminton.com/health-benefits-badminton/
Wikipedia
Oxford dictionary