D2-S5 - Example of Seismic Isolation Design PDF

REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES CONSULTING SERVICES FOR THE DETAILED DESIGN AND TENDER ASSISTANCE OF THE METRO MANILA
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND HIGHWAYS PRIORITY BRIDGES SEISMIC IMPROVEMENT PROJECT (MMPBSIP) JICA LOAN NO. PH-P260
REGIONAL TRAINING PROGRAM FOR THE TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER COMPONENT

DPWH Bridge Seismic Design Specifications (BSDS) Application to Seismic Design of Bridges
Example of Seismic Isolation Design
Arwin Malabanan
Technology Transfer Group
DPWH CENTRAL OFFICE

MAY 02-4, 2018
1
Contents
• Introduction • Design of Lead Rubber Bearing w/
Analysis Methods
❑ Lead Plug
❑ General Procedure Bearing Properties ❑
General Description of example Bridge

❑
Discussion of Results ❑
Design Earthquake Load

❑
Verification of Bearing ❑
Analytical Model
❑
• Design of High Damp Rubber
Isolator
• Design of Lead Rubber Bearing Bearing Properties ❑
Bearing Properties
❑
Discussion of Results ❑
Discussion of Results
❑ ❑Verification of Bearing
Verification of Bearing
❑ • Concluding Remarks
REGIONAL TRAINING PROGRAM : DPWH BRIDGE SEISMIC DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS (BSDS) APPLICATION TO SEISMIC DESIGN OF BRIDGES 2
REGIONAL TRAINING PROGRAM FOR THE
TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER COMPONENT
DPWH BRIDGE SEISMIC DESIGN

SPECIFICATIONS (BSDS)
APPLICATIONTO SEISMIC DESIGN
OF BRIDGES
DPWH Central
Davao
Baguio
Cebu
May 2018
CONSULTING SERVICES FOR THE DETAILED

DESIGN AND TENDER ASSISTANCE OF THE
METRO MANILA PRIORITY BRIDGES
SEISMIC IMPROVEMENT PROJECT
(MMPBSIP) JICA LOAN NO. PH-P260
Introduction
3
Analysis Method
➢ Simplified Method/Uniform Load Method
➢ Multi-Mode Spectral method
➢ Time History Method
(New BSDS Isolation Clause 4.2,4.3)
Boundary Nonlinear Time History Analysis

The nonlinearity of the structure is modeled
through General Link of Force Type, and the
remainder of the structure is modeled linear
elastically.
➢Time History >> Modal Analysis Method
OBJECTIVE
General Procedure
• Bridge Properties
Identify Bridge Site Data • Seismic Hazard on Site
• Required Performance of Isolated Bridge
• Bridge Complete Model
• Select Isolator type and design for static condition to have
Analyze Bridge required characteristic strength.
• Analysis Methods
• Bearing Forces and Displacements
Verify Results and Obtain • Hysteretic behavior of Bearing Isolator
Design Values • Damping of Structure
• Design Forces and Displacements(including Superstructure
displacement)
• Check that required performance is satisfied
NOT OK OK
Verification DONE
• Check design for its limits and stability.
• Revised design if required performance objective is not
satisfied.
General Description of Sample Bridge
Ground Type 2
Operational Classification: Essential Bridge
Design Earthquake Loadings
EQ1 EQ2 EQ3
Design Earthquake Loadings
EQ4 EQ5 EQ6 EQ7
7 PAIRS OF DESIGN LEVEL GROUND MOTION

Bridge Mathematical Model
Non Linear Boundary
Linear Element
Total No. of Isolation Bearings: 16 pcs.
Seismically Isolated Bridge

LRB Types in this Exercise
LAMINATED RUBBER
BEARING LAMINATED RUBBER
BEARING
WITH LEAD PLUG
HIGH DAMP RUBBER

BEARING

OF BRIDGES
DPWH Central
Davao
Baguio
Cebu
May 2018

Design of LRB
12
Laminated Rubber Bearing (LRB)
The dynamic characteristics/ static characteristics of Laminated rubber bearing are represented by
linear horizontal spring characteristics and vertical spring characteristics.
Properties of LRB
AT PIERS AT THE ABUTMENTS
Mechanical Properties of Rubber Material
Comparison of forces at Pier Bottom
DIVIDED BY R-FACTOR
Displacement comparison at Top of Pier
Comparison of Natural Period of Structure
With LRB Bearing Fixed/Movable Bearing
First Mode: 2.0 secs. First Mode: 1.0 secs.
Second Mode: 2.0 secs. Second Mode:0.76 sec.
Comparison of Superstructure Displacement History
TIME HISTORY OF DISPLACEMENT(SUPERSTRUCTURE)
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
Displacement, m
-0.1
-0.2
-0.3
-0.4
-0.5
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
time, secs.
WITH LRB BEARING CONVENTIONAL BEARING
Comparison of Pier Top Displacement History
TIME HISTORY OF DISPLACEMENT(PIER TOP)
0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
Displacement, m
-0.05
-0.1
-0.15
-0.2
-0.25
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
time, secs.
WITH LRB BEARING CONVENTIONAL BEARING
LRB BEARING RESPONSE
Abutment Bearing Response
400
300
200
100
Shear Forces, kN
0
Analysis Result
Effective Stiffness
-100
-200
-300
-400
-0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
Displacement, m
HISTORY CURVE OF LRB BEARING
History Curve of LRB (Abutment-EQ5)
1
0.8
0.6
Shear Stress Intensity, N/mm2

0.4
0.2
0
Analysis Result
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
ABUTMENT BEARING -1
-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150
Shear Strain, %
LRB BEARING RESPONSE
Pier LRB Bearing Response
800
600
400
200
Shear Forces, kN
0
Analysis Result
Effective Stiffness
-200
-400
-600
-800
-0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
Displacement, m
HISTORY CURVE OF LRB BEARING
History Curve of LRB (PIER-EQ5)
2
1.5

0.5
0
Analysis Result
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
PIER BEARING -200 -150 -100 -50 0
Shear Strain, %
50 100 150 200
Verification of LRB
AT PIERS AT THE ABUTMENTS

Column Section Requirements
REQUIRED COLUMN INTERACTION DIAGRAM
140,000
Conventional
120,000
DIAMETER = 2700 mm Ultimate,Mu
w/ Conventional bearing,Demand
Steel ratio = 1.9% W/ LRB BEARING
100,000 Ultimate,Mu
w/ Isolator Demand
80,000
DIAMETER = 2700 mm
N (kN)
Steel ratio = 1.6% DESIGN TO YIELD
60,000
40,000
DESIGN NOT TO YIELD
w/ Conventional
20,000 bearing,Demand, 46,627 ,
8,663
w/ Isolator Demand,
41,520 , 8,663 47,717 , 8,663
0
0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 φ*Mn (kN*m)
-20,000
-40,000
-60,000

OF BRIDGES
DPWH Central
Davao
Baguio
Cebu
May 2018

Design of LRB with Lead Plug

27
Laminated Rubber Bearing with Lead Plug
Laminated rubber bearing with lead plug is a seismic bearing which integrated the laminated rubber bearing
and the lead plug by press-fitting the cylindrical lead plug into the vulcanized molded rubber with a
cylindrical hole in the center.
Laminated rubber bearing functions as a bearing and an isolator that support the load of the upper structure,
and the lead plug functions as a damper that absorbs energy by its elastic-plastic deformation.
Properties of LRB with Lead plug
AT ABUTMENTS
AT PIERS
Comparison of Forces at Pier Bottom
DIVIDED BY R- FACTOR, R=2.0

Comparison of Displacement at Pier Top
Comparison of Superstructure Long. Displacement
0.3
0.2
0.1
Displacement, m
-0.1
-0.2
-0.3
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
time, secs.
WITH LRB WITH LEAD PLUG ISOLATION CONVENTIONAL BEARING
Comparison of Pier Top Long. Displacement
0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
Displacement, m
-0.05
-0.1
-0.15
-0.2
-0.25
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
time, secs.
WITH lrb lead plug isolator CONVENTIONAL BEARING
Abutment LRB with Lead plug Response Curve
Abutment Bearing Hysteresis Curve
400
300
200
100
Shear Forces, kN
0 Analysis Result
Allowable Curve
Effective Stiffness
-100
-200
-300
-400
-0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
Displacement, m
History Curve of LRB with Lead plug
History Curve of LRB with Lead plug (Abutment-EQ5)
1.5

0.5
0
Analysis Result
-0.5
-1
ABUTMENT BEARING -1.5

-200 -150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 200
Shear Strain, %
Pier LRB with Lead plug Response Curve
Pier Bearing Hysteresis Curve
800
600
400
200
Shear Forces, kN
0 Analysis Result
Allowable Curve
Effective Stiffness
-200
-400
-600
-800
-0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
Displacement, m
LRB Types in these Exercise
History Curve of LRB with Lead plug (PIER-EQ5)
1.5

0.5
0
Analysis Result
-0.5
-1
PIER BEARING
-1.5
-200 -150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150
Shear Strain, %
Comparison of Natural Period of Structure
Tn = 1.93 secs. Tn = 1.0 secs.
Tn = 1.91 secs. Tn = 0.76 secs.
Verification of LRB w/ Lead Plug (Abutment)
Verification of LRB w/ Lead Plug (Abutment)
Verification of LRB w/ Lead Plug (Pier)
Verification of LRB w/ Lead Plug (Pier)
140,000
Conventional
Ultimate,Mu
120,000 DIAMETER = 2700 mm w/ Conventional bearing,Demand
Steel ratio = 1.9% W/ LRB LEAD PLUG BEARING
100,000 Ultimate,Mu
w/ Isolator Demand
80,000 DIAMETER = 2400 mm

N (kN)
60,000
40,000
DESIGN NOT TO YIELD w/ Conventional

bearing,Demand, 46,627 ,
20,000
8,663
47,717 , 8,663
0
0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 φ*Mn (kN*m)
-20,000
-40,000
-60,000

OF BRIDGES
DPWH Central
Davao
Baguio
Cebu
May 2018

Design of High Damp Rubber

Bearing 46
HIGH DAMPING RUBBER BEARING
High damping laminated rubber bearing is a seismic isolation bearing using the rubber material
imparting damping property to the rubber itself. Therefore, its functions as the seismic isolation
bearing which combines the horizontal spring characteristics which generates the restoring force by
rubber itself and the history damping performance for energy absorption.
PROPERTIES OF HDR FOR THE ABUTMENT
PROPERTIES OF HDR FOR THE PIERS
PROPERTIES OF HDR
COMPARISON OF FORCE AT PIER BOTTOM
DIVIDED BY R- FACTOR, R=2.0

COMPARISON OF PIER TOP DISPLACEMENT
COMPARISON OF SUPERSTRUCTURE LONG. DISPLACEMENT HISTORY
0.3
0.2
0.1
Displacement, m
-0.1
-0.2
-0.3
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
time, secs.
WITH HDR ISOLATION CONVENTIONAL BEARING
COMPARISON OF SUPERSTRUCTURE LONG. DISPLACEMENT HISTORY
0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
Displacement, m
-0.05
-0.1
-0.15
-0.2
-0.25
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
time, secs.
WITH HDR isolator CONVENTIONAL BEARING
ABUTMENT HDR BEARING RESPONSE CURVE
Abutment Bearing Hysterysis curve (HDR)
400
300
K2
200
Qd
100
K1
Shear Forces, kN
0 Ke
ANALYSIS RESULT
Allowable Bilinear Capacity
-100
-200
-300
-400
-0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
Displacement, m
HISTORY CURVE OF HDR BEARING
HISTORY OF HDR BEARING (ABUTMENT)
1.5

0.5
0
ANALYSIS RESULT
-0.5
-1
ABUTMENT BEARING
-1.5
-200 -150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 200
Shear Strain, %
PIER HDR BEARING RESPONSE CURVE
Pier Bearing Hysterysis curve (HDR)
1000
800
600
400
200
Shear Forces, kN
0 ANALYSIS RESULT
Allowable Bilinear Capacity
-200 Effective Stiffness, Ke
-400
-600
-800
-1000
-0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
Displacement, m
HISTORY CURVE OF HDR BEARING
HISTORY OF HDR BEARING (PIER)
1.5

0.5
0
ANALYSIS RESULT
-0.5
-1
PIER BEARING
-1.5
-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150
Shear Strain, %
Comparison of Natural Period of Structures
Tn = 1.89 secs. Tn = 1.0 secs.
Tn = 1.87 secs. Tn = 0.76 secs.
VERIFICATION OF HDR (PIERS)
VERIFICATION OF HDR (PIERS)
VERIFICATION OF HDR (ABUTMENT)
VERIFICATION OF HDR (ABUTMENT)
140,000
Conventional
Ultimate,Mu
120,000 DIAMETER = 2700 mm w/ Conventional bearing,Demand
Steel ratio = 1.9% W/ LRB LEAD PLUG BEARING
100,000 Ultimate,Mu
w/ Isolator Demand
80,000 DIAMETER = 2400 mm

N (kN)
60,000
40,000
DESIGN NOT TO YIELD w/ Conventional

bearing,Demand, 46,627 ,
20,000
8,663
47,717 , 8,663
0
0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 φ*Mn (kN*m)
-20,000
-40,000
-60,000

OF BRIDGES
DPWH Central
Davao
Baguio
Cebu
May 2018

Concluding Remarks
65
RESULTS TABLE
REMARKS
Isolated bridge and Conventional
ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE
• By adding Isolation, the period was • During large earthquake, it produce larger
lengthened, the forces were reduced and the displacement in superstructure. Hence, need to
energy dissipation increased. provide some special expansion joint.
• Pier was Design not to yield, After large
earthquake nothing to do with the pier.
Advantage of using LRB W/ LEAD PLUG and HDR than LRB

• Displacement of superstructure when using lrb w/ lead plug and HDR is smaller compare with
using LRB. (In this example more than 40%)
• Forces at Pier is much larger when using LRB.
• Energy was dissipated by damping property of lrb w/ lead plug and HDR bearing, therefore it is
more effective compare to LRB.
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

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REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES CONSULTING SERVICES FOR THE DETAILED DESIGN AND TENDER ASSISTANCE OF THE METRO MANILA

REGIONAL TRAINING PROGRAM FOR THE TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER COMPONENT

Example of Seismic Isolation Design

DPWH CENTRAL OFFICE

General Description of example Bridge

Design Earthquake Load

DPWH BRIDGE SEISMIC DESIGN

CONSULTING SERVICES FOR THE DETAILED

Boundary Nonlinear Time History Analysis

➢Time History >> Modal Analysis Method

7 PAIRS OF DESIGN LEVEL GROUND MOTION

Total No. of Isolation Bearings: 16 pcs.

Seismically Isolated Bridge

HIGH DAMP RUBBER

DPWH BRIDGE SEISMIC DESIGN

CONSULTING SERVICES FOR THE DETAILED

AT PIERS AT THE ABUTMENTS

First Mode: 2.0 secs. First Mode: 1.0 secs.

Second Mode: 2.0 secs. Second Mode:0.76 sec.

WITH LRB BEARING CONVENTIONAL BEARING

WITH LRB BEARING CONVENTIONAL BEARING

Shear Stress Intensity, N/mm2

Shear Stress Intensity, N/mm2

AT PIERS AT THE ABUTMENTS

DPWH BRIDGE SEISMIC DESIGN

CONSULTING SERVICES FOR THE DETAILED

Design of LRB with Lead Plug

DIVIDED BY R- FACTOR, R=2.0

WITH LRB WITH LEAD PLUG ISOLATION CONVENTIONAL BEARING

WITH lrb lead plug isolator CONVENTIONAL BEARING

Shear Stress Intensity, N/mm2

ABUTMENT BEARING -1.5

Shear Stress Intensity, N/mm2

Tn = 1.93 secs. Tn = 1.0 secs.

Tn = 1.91 secs. Tn = 0.76 secs.

80,000 DIAMETER = 2400 mm

DESIGN NOT TO YIELD w/ Conventional

DPWH BRIDGE SEISMIC DESIGN

CONSULTING SERVICES FOR THE DETAILED

Design of High Damp Rubber

DIVIDED BY R- FACTOR, R=2.0

WITH HDR ISOLATION CONVENTIONAL BEARING

WITH HDR isolator CONVENTIONAL BEARING

Shear Stress Intensity, N/mm2

Shear Stress Intensity, N/mm2

Tn = 1.89 secs. Tn = 1.0 secs.

Tn = 1.87 secs. Tn = 0.76 secs.

80,000 DIAMETER = 2400 mm

DESIGN NOT TO YIELD w/ Conventional

DPWH BRIDGE SEISMIC DESIGN

CONSULTING SERVICES FOR THE DETAILED

Advantage of using LRB W/ LEAD PLUG and HDR than LRB

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