D3-S2 - Mashiko - Retrofit - Part II-1 - SRC and Rating Ver2

REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES CONSULTING SERVICES FOR THE DETAILED DESIGN AND TENDER ASSISTANCE OF THE METRO MANILA
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND HIGHWAYS PRIORITY BRIDGES SEISMIC IMPROVEMENT PROJECT (MMPBSIP) JICA LOAN NO. PH-P260
REGIONAL TRAINING PROGRAM FOR THE TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER COMPONENT

DPWH Bridge Seismic Design Specifications (BSDS) Application to Seismic Design of Bridges
Bridge Seismic Retrofit Part II
Naoto MASHIKO
DPWH CENTRAL OFFICE

MAY 02-04, 2018
1
Contents -- Bridge Seismic Retrofit --
• Part I background and outline of new retrofit manual 8:30 – 10:00
• I-1 Necessity/importance of Retrofit
• I-2 Retrofit Actions in Japan and here in the Philippines
• I-3 Outline of new manuals (General and Requirement)
• Part II Rating, Evaluation and Retrofit 10:15-11:45
• II-1 Rating for prioritization
• II-2 Evaluation of existing bridges
• II-3 Retrofitting
• Discussion 11:45-12:00
REGIONAL TRAINING PROGRAM : DPWH BRIDGE SEISMIC DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS (BSDS) APPLICATION TO SEISMIC DESIGN OF BRIDGES 2
Part II Rating, Evaluation and
Retrofit
II-1 Rating for Prioritization
2. Seismic Rating Method for Screening and Prioritization
2.3 Seismic Rating Rating Method
Step0: Seismic Retrofit Category, SRC 1. Index method
Evaluating Method
A,B No Analysis
SRC A SRC B, C, D C. Component C/D Check
D. Structure C/D check
E. Nonlinear Dynamic Method
Pass Step1: Rating for Capacity Assessment

Screening/Prioritize 1. Member Strength
2. Member Deformation
Fail 3. Foundation Strength and
Deformation
Pass
Step2: Evaluate Retrofit Strategy
1. Do nothing
2. Partial Retrofit
Re-evaluate Fail
3. Full Retrofit
Step3-1: Strategize Retrofit Retrofit Measures

No 1. Extended seat length
2. Expansion joint strainers
Retrofit Yes
3. Column Jackets
not Step3-2: Design Retrofit 4. Footing Overlays
5. Supplemental Piles
required Measures 6. Response Modification
Devices
7. Soil Remediation 4
Source: “Seismic Retrofitting Manual for Highway Structures: Part I Bridge”, 2006, FHWA, p27
2.3 Seismic Rating
Organization tree of Seismic Retrofit Category
1-1 Soil Factors 1-2 Spectral Accelerations, 2-1 Operation Classification
Fv S1 (OC-I to III)
2-2 Anticipated Service Life
(ASL1 to 3)
F0*Ss or Fv*S1
1. Performance Hazard Zone 2. Performance Level

(Level I to IV) (SPL0 to SPL3)
Seismic Retrofit Category

(SRC: A to D)
REGIONAL TRAINING PROGRAM : DPWH BRIDGE SEISMIC DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS (BSDS) APPLICATION TO SEISMIC DESIGN OF BRIDGES
2.3 Seismic Rating
General Description of Example Bridge
Ground Type: Class 2

Operational Classification: Critical Bridge (OC II)
Anticipated Service Life: 75years – (2018-2005) = 62yrs>50  ASL 3
2.3 Seismic Rating
Step0-1: Seismic Performance Zone
2.3 Seismic Rating
Step0-1: Seismic Performance Zone
Soil Factor, Fv=1.55
SD1= Fv * S1 = 0.698
1-3-1 Performance Zone

our propsal based on BSDS
(following AASHTO 2012)
I SD1<0.15
II 0.15<SD1<0.3
III 0.3<SD1<0.5
IV 0.5<SD1
2.3 Seismic Rating
Step0-2: Performance Level
Operation classification: OC II
BSDS OCI (Critical) OCII (Essential) OCIII (others)

Oparation Class
FHWA Essential Standard
Anticipated ASL1 ASL2 ASL3 ASL1 ASL2 ASL3 ASL1 ASL2 ASL3
Service Life
FHWA
<15yrs <50 >50 <15yrs <50 >50 <15yrs <50 >50
BSDS SPL0 SPL1 SPL1 SPL0 SPL1 SPL1 SPL0 SPL1 SPL1
L1
FHWA PL0 PL3 PL3 PL0 PL3 PL3 PL0 PL3 PL3
Earthquake
SPL0 SPL0 SPL0

BSDS or SPL2* SPL2 SPL2 or SPL3* SPL3 SPL2 or SPL3* SPL3 SPL3
L2
FHWA PL0 PL1 PL2 PL0 PL1 PL2 PL0 PL1 PL1
Source: “Seismic Retrofitting Manual for Highway Structures: Part I Bridge”, 2006, FHWA, p6-24
2.3 Seismic Rating
Step0-3: Seismic Retrofit Category, SRC
EQ L2 L1
Seicmic SPL0 SPL3 SPL2 SPL0 SPL1
Performance
No critical keep sound
Level no minimum Limited damage no minimum
damage function
I A A B A C
Performance
Seismic
II A B B A C
Zone
III A B C A C
IV A C D A D
Seismic Retrofit Category, SRC is “D”

(A<B<C<D in increasing order of much “rigor” and “complexity”)
Source: “Seismic Retrofitting Manual for Highway Structures: Part I Bridge”, 2006, FHWA, p6-24
2.3 Seismic Rating
Seismic Retrofit Category, SRC is decided to be C
Soil Factors Spectral Accelerations, Operation Classification

F0 or Fv 1.55 Ss or S1 0.45 (OC-I to III) OC-II
Anticipated Service Life
(ASL1 to 3) ASL3
F0*Ss or Fv*S1 0.64
1. Performance Zone 2. Performance Level

(Level I to IV) Level IV (SPL0 to SPL3) SPL2
Seismic Retrofit Category

(SRC: A to D) SRC: D
2.3 Seismic Rating
If SRC=A, Retrofitting not

required
Seismic Retrofit Category, SRC
Seismic Retrofit Categories

B, C, D
Rating Procedure:
(1) Vulnerability, V (2) Seismic Hazard Rating, E (3) Operation Class, I

(Sum of each components
vulnerability) (10 times of SD1=Fv*S1) (10: Critical, 5: Essential, 0: Others)
Set Priority Weight for each component, W1 to W3
Seicmic Rating = (V*W1+E*W2+I*W3)
2.3 Seismic Rating
(1) Vulnerability Rating, V
Calculate Column Vulnerability Rating, CVR
Calculate Vulnerability Rating for Calculate Abutment Vulnerability Rating, AVR

Connections, Bearing and Seat Widths, V1
Calculate Liquefaction Vulnerability Rating, LVR
V2 = CVR + AVR + LVR
V = Maximum of V1, V2
2.3 Seismic Rating

2.3 Seismic Rating
Step1 Bearing and seat width vulnerability, V1:

➢ It has three simply-supported spans, each seated on elastomeric pads directly on the cap beams
(no pedestals); seat widths are 900mm, (Required longitudinal support, N = 718 mm )
➢The total length of the bridge is 105 m, with an overall width of 10.5 m and a skew of 90°.
 Simple spans, elastomeric bearings, no pedestals, bearings are not vulnerable to toppling, Four-beam
bridge, gives VT = 0
 Required longitudinal support, N = 718 mm , Available support, L = 900 mm
; hence 0.5 N < L > N and VL = 0.
V1 = greater of VT and VL = greater of 0 and 5 = 0.

V1 = 0
2.3 Seismic Rating

2.3 Seismic Rating
Step 2 Column, abutment, and liquefaction vulnerability, V2 = CVR + AVR + LVR < 10
Column Vulnerability Rating (CVR)

For the purpose of this example, assume elastomeric bearings do not fail and seismic loads are
transferred to columns; assume columns are not vulnerable to shear failure but longitudinal steel is
spliced in potential plastic hinge region.
SD1 = 0.698 > 0.5; hence CVR =10
CVR = 7 for SD1 < 0.5

CVR = 10 for SD1 ≥ 0.5
2.3 Seismic Rating
Step 2 Column, abutment, and liquefaction vulnerability, V2 = CVR + AVR + LVR < 10
Abutment Vulnerability Rating (AVR)

Since SD1 = 0.698, fill settlement behind abutment is estimated at three percent x 7600 mm = 228 mm
(3”); hence AVR = 5
➢Determine the vulnerability of the structure to abutment fill settlement. The fill settlement in
normally compacted approach fills may be estimated as follows:
a. One percent of the fill height when 0.24 < SD1 ≤ 0.39.
b. Two percent of the fill height when 0.39 < SD1 ≤ 0.49.
c. Three percent of the fill height when SD1 > 0.49.
The above settlements should be doubled if the bridge is a water crossing. When fill
settlements are estimated to be greater than 150 mm (6 in), assign a vulnerability rating, AVR, for
the abutment of 5. Otherwise assign a value of 0 for AVR.
2.3 Seismic Rating
Step 2 Column, abutment, and liquefaction vulnerability, V2 = CVR + AVR + LVR < =10
Liquefaction Vulnerability Rating (AVR)
The susceptibility of soils in site class C to liquefaction is low, the potential for liquefaction-related
damage is ‘low’; hence LVR = 0.
Therefore V2 = CVR + AVR + LVR = 10 + 5 + 0 = 15 < =10

Hence V2 = 10
2.3 Seismic Rating
Step 3 Overall bridge vulnerability, V
Bridge vulnerability calculated as
V = greater of V1 and V2 = greater of 0 and 10. V = 10
20
2.3 Seismic Rating
(2) Seismic Hazard Rating, E
Calculate E = 10 SD1 < 10.0 = 10 x 0.698 = 6.98, for E = 6.98
For the purpose of this rating, seismic hazard includes both the seismicity of the site and the
geotechnical conditions. The seismic coefficient (SD1) is used for this purpose.
Hence the seismic hazard rating is given by:
E = 10 SD1 ≤ 10.0
where SD1 is the seismic coefficient at 1.0 sec period, and equals Fv*S1
(3) Seismic Importance Rating, I

Bridge Operation Classification
OC - I OC – II OC – III
(Critical Bridges) (Essential Bridges) (Other Bridges)
Importance Rating 10 5 3
Based on Operation Class from “LFRD Bridge Seismic Design Specifications, 2012, DPWH”
2.3 Seismic Rating
Based on information obtained from the Seismic Inventory, the seismic rating of
the bridge is calculated. This accomplished by making independent ratings in
the three areas (vulnerability, Seismic Hazard, Importance).
Vulnerability Rating (0 to 10) × Weight (6.5) = Score

Seismicity Hazard Rating (0 to 10) × Weight (2.0) = Score
Importance Rating (0 to 10) × Weight (1.5) = Score
Seismic Rating (100 maximum) = Total Score
The higher the seismic rating score, the greater the need for the bridge to be
evaluated for seismic retrofitting.
3.33 was recommended in the retrofit guideline in 1993 unless different
weight are assigned by the engineer to reflect regional needs.
2.3 Seismic Rating
Seismic Rating Result
(1) Vulnerability Rating 10 × 6.5 = 65.0
(2) Seismicity Hazard Rating 6.98 × 2.0 = 13.96
(3) Importance Rating 5.0 × 1.5 = 7.5
Seismic Rating (100 maximum) = 86.5
SEISMIC RATINGS
IMPORTANCE
7.5%
SEISMIC HAZARD
14% VULNERABILITY
65%
2.3 Seismic Rating
Example of Priority Bridge List based on BMS (Inventory)
Bridge name Design year Length No. of lanes Score of priority remarks
rating
ZZZ bridge 1968 40+60+40 2+2 86.5 Retrofit in
1995
CCC bridge
XXX bridge
YYY bridge

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REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES CONSULTING SERVICES FOR THE DETAILED DESIGN AND TENDER ASSISTANCE OF THE METRO MANILA

REGIONAL TRAINING PROGRAM FOR THE TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER COMPONENT

Bridge Seismic Retrofit Part II

DPWH CENTRAL OFFICE

Pass Step1: Rating for Capacity Assessment

Step3-1: Strategize Retrofit Retrofit Measures

1. Performance Hazard Zone 2. Performance Level

Seismic Retrofit Category

Ground Type: Class 2

1-3-1 Performance Zone

BSDS OCI (Critical) OCII (Essential) OCIII (others)

SPL0 SPL0 SPL0

Seismic Retrofit Category, SRC is “D”

Soil Factors Spectral Accelerations, Operation Classification

1. Performance Zone 2. Performance Level

Seismic Retrofit Category

If SRC=A, Retrofitting not

Seismic Retrofit Categories

(1) Vulnerability, V (2) Seismic Hazard Rating, E (3) Operation Class, I

Set Priority Weight for each component, W1 to W3

Seicmic Rating = (V*W1+E*W2+I*W3)

Calculate Column Vulnerability Rating, CVR

Calculate Vulnerability Rating for Calculate Abutment Vulnerability Rating, AVR

Calculate Liquefaction Vulnerability Rating, LVR

V2 = CVR + AVR + LVR

Calculate Column Vulnerability Rating, CVR

Calculate Vulnerability Rating for Calculate Abutment Vulnerability Rating, AVR

Calculate Liquefaction Vulnerability Rating, LVR

V2 = CVR + AVR + LVR

Step1 Bearing and seat width vulnerability, V1:

V1 = greater of VT and VL = greater of 0 and 5 = 0.

Calculate Column Vulnerability Rating, CVR

Calculate Vulnerability Rating for Calculate Abutment Vulnerability Rating, AVR

Calculate Liquefaction Vulnerability Rating, LVR

V2 = CVR + AVR + LVR

Column Vulnerability Rating (CVR)

CVR = 7 for SD1 < 0.5

Abutment Vulnerability Rating (AVR)

Therefore V2 = CVR + AVR + LVR = 10 + 5 + 0 = 15 < =10

(3) Seismic Importance Rating, I

Vulnerability Rating (0 to 10) × Weight (6.5) = Score

Example of Priority Bridge List based on BMS (Inventory)

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Seicmic Rating = (VW1+EW2+I*W3)