Design of Tall Structures

CE-514
 Part-I
Design of Tall Structures (Buildings)
 Part-II
Design of Tall Structures (Non-Buildings)
Grading
• Quizzes (Every Week based on previous week lecture)
• Mid-term Exams (9th Week)
• Project comprises of Design and Assessment of Building
• Final Exam

Text/Ref Books
Design Codes
 Part-I: Design of Tall Structures (Buildings)

• Introduction to Tall Buildings

• Basic Terminologies

• Equivalent Static/Dynamic Approach based on UBC-97

• Structural Framing Systems in Tall Buildings

• Tall Buildings subjected to Earthquakes

• Tall Buildings subjected to Wind forces

Part-II: Design of Tall Structures (Non-Buildings)

• Introduction to Non-Building Structures

• Typologies of Transmission Towers

• Types of Chimney

• Structures subjected to Earthquakes

• Structures subjected to Wind forces

 Introduction to Tall Buildings

Humans have always admired tall structures since ancient times

because of their social status:

They are visible to all

 Introduction to Tall Buildings

Tall buildings present unique challenges in terms of both design and construction.
In tall buildings the selection of lateral load resisting system significantly affects the
overall design of the buildings. Tall building can be classified based on architectural
design, total height, number of floors, building services and structural response.
 Introduction to Tall Buildings

The definition of ‘tall’ for a building is not absolute. One definition is

that if the building aspect ratio, height divided by lowest overall lateral
dimension, is more than 5:1, then the building may be considered tall.
The term ‘tall’ may also be sub-divided as follows,
 Introduction to Tall Buildings
Professional Involved..

1. Architects

2. Structural Engineers

3. Geotechnical Engineers

4. Electrical and Electronic Engineers

5. Mechanical Engineers

6. Construction Engineers

7. Fire Safety Engineers etc..

 Basic Terminologies
Building Structural Systems
The building structural systems comprises of the gravity load resisting system (GLRS), the
lateral load resisting system (LLRS) and the floor diaphragm (FD). In GLRS, the structural
system (beams, slabs, girders, columns etc.,) that primarily to support the gravity or
vertical loads. In LLRS, the structural system (columns, shear walls, bracings etc.,) that
primarily acts to resist the lateral loads. Whereas, floor diaphragm (FD) transfers the lateral
loads to the LLRS and provide in-plane floor stiffness.
 Basic Terminologies
Building Structural Systems
 Basic Terminologies
SDOF and MDOF Structures
Simple oscillators are represented by single-degree-of-freedom systems (SDOF), and complex
oscillators are represented by multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) systems. A simple oscillator is
represented by a single lump of mass on the upper end of a vertically cantilevered pole or by a mass
supported by two columns, as shown in Fig.
 Basic Terminologies
SDOF and MDOF Structures
Simple oscillators are represented by single-degree-of-freedom systems (SDOF), and complex
oscillators are represented by multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) systems. A simple oscillator is
represented by a single lump of mass on the upper end of a vertically cantilevered pole or by a mass
supported by two columns, as shown in Fig.
 Basic Terminologies
Examples of SDOF Structures
 Basic Terminologies
Examples of MDOF Structures
 Basic Terminologies
Stiffness (k)
It is the force required to produce unit displacement.
 Basic Terminologies
Fundamental Period (T) for SDOF Structures
 Basic Terminologies
Fundamental Period (T) for MDOF Structures
As per UBC97

METHOD B
In ETABS it is known as Program calculated

The value of T from Method B shall not exceed a value 30 percent greater than the value of T obtained from Method
A in Seismic Zone 4, and 40 percent in Seismic Zones 1, 2 and 3.
 Basic Terminologies
Methods of Seismic Analysis/Design

Mü + cù+ ku = F(t)
 Basic Terminologies
Methods of Seismic Analysis/Design
Mü + cù+ ku = F(t)
 Basic Terminologies
Linear and Nonlinear Response
 Basic Terminologies
Building Drift
Drift is generally defined as the lateral displacement of one floor relative to the floor below.
Drift control is necessary to limit damage to non-structural elements or interior partitions, elevator and stair
enclosures, glass, and cladding systems.
 Basic Terminologies
Ductility
There are different types of ductility, material ductility, curvature ductility, member ductility and structure
ductility.