MONICA VIŞAN

METODA RAPIDA
DE INVATARE
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 VERBUL - TABEL RECAPITULATIV

N.B. V = verb la i finitiv seurt; III =forma a III-a a verbelor neregulate ; -ed, -ing_= termindjii .
Nr. Numele Ce arat ă Cam se Exemple - Echivalent
cm constructiei forrnează românesc
verbale
1. Aspect simplu o acliune care se face in mod general They come here every day.
(Simple Aspect) sau/ i re etat Father wanted to buv a car.
2. Aspect continuu o acliune care se desfăşoară in mod to be + He is sleeping now.
(Continuous continuu, neintrerupt, pe o perioad ă V-ing Mary was eating when he
Aspect) de limp bine definită came._
3. Diateza activă subiectul face acliunea exprimată de The pupil writes an exercise . dia .a activă
Active Voice redicat
4. Diateza pasivă subiectul suferă acliunea făcută de to be + .-1n exercise is written by the diateza pasivă
(Passive Voice) altcineva V-ed/ V III pupil. ,
The poem was recited by
Mary.
$. Timpul prezent o acliune prezentă, g6neral ă; o, stare la toate They play football every timpul prezent
simplu (Simple pennanentă etc. persoanele V: week simplu
Present Tense) la pers. III-a Tom lilies to play tennis .
g
V-s es
a) forma o întrebare do/does+ Do you love me?
interogativă subject+V? Does he want to come?
interro alive
b) forma negativă o propozilie negativă subject+ I don't love you.
(negative) do/does= , She doesn't like sweets.
not+V
6. Timpul prezent o acliune care se desfăşoară arum, in am/is/are+ V- Listen! Somebody is singing. timpul prezent
continuu (Present momentul vorbirii ; are şi sens de ing We are leaving soon. simplu ; viitor
Continuous Tense viitor a ro rat
a) forma o intrebare am/is/are+ Are they eating now?
terogativă subject+ V- Is he coming tomorrow?
(interrogative) ing?
b) forma negativă o propozilie negativă subject+ You are not telling the truth.
(negative) am/is/are+ I am not going with you
not+ V-in tonight.
7. Timpul trecut o acpune desfăşurat ă intr-un moment 'vb. regulate : They learned English when timpul perfect
simplu (Simple bine definit din trecut ş i incheiată V-ed ; they were in England. corpus
Past Tense) vb. neregulate : Tom wrote a nice poem
forma a II-a when he was in love .
a) forma o intrebare did+ Did you see him yesterday?
interogativă subject+V?
(interrogative)
b) forma negativă o propozilie negativă subject+ Mary did not (didn't) want
(negative) did+not+V to come with us .
8. Timpul trecut o acliune care s-a desf ăş urat in mod was/were+ V- yesterday they were imperfect
continuu (Past continuu şi neintrerupt într-o perioadă ing (was- sleeping when he went to
Continuous Tense) de limp bine definită din trecut, sau in pers .I, III sg.) pay them a visit.
acelaşi limp cu una sau mar multe
actiurn tot din trecut
a) forma n întrebare was/were+ " What
hat was he doing when
interogativ ă subject+ V- you saw him last week?
interro alive ing?
 b)forma negativă" o propozipe negativă subject+ The truth is that I was not
(negative) wwhvere+ (wasn't) trying to mend the
not+V-in door but to lock it .
9. Timpul viitor o acliune care se va desfaşura într-un shall/will+V We shall do everything we timpul viitor
simplu (Simple moment din viitor (shall-per; .l sg can. simplu
Future Tense) si l . The will come tomorrow
.
a) forma o intrebare shallhvill+su- Shall we go now? (invitalie)
interogativă biect+V? Will you come too?
interro afve)
b)fonna negativă .o propozzilie negativă subject+ I shall not (shan't) drink
(negative) shalllwsll+, anything, thank you.
not+V Tom will not (won't) tell you
the truth. I am sure.
10 . Timpul viitor o acliune care va ft in curs de shall/Will+be- This time next week they will timpul viitor
continuu (Future desfaşurare într-un moment bine V-ing be visiting Paris.
Continuous Tense definit din viitor
11 . Viitor apropiat a) aavea de gând să, a ft pe punctul alto be going a) They are going to study
(Near Future) de a to+V History.
b) a unna să (acliune planificat ă b)to be to+V b)What are we to visit
dinainte) e)prezent tomorrow?
c) date, orare, acliuni eerie simplu c)The plane leaves at 7.30.
d) acliune cc urmează să fie in curs d)prezent d)We are visiting Paris next
de desfăsurare curând continuu week
12 . Timpul prezent o acliune care s-a desfăşurat intr-un have/has+V- We have just finished our timpul perfect
perfect (Present trecut apropiat, este nedefinită in tintp ed/III (has- work contpus
Perfect Tense) i are le ătură cu rezentul ers. III-a sQ .) He has never seen a fox.
a) forma o întrebare have/has- Have you eaten your cake?
interogativ ă subject+
interro ative) V-ed/III
b) forma negativă o propozilie negativă subject+ They have not (haven't)
(negative) have/has- arrived vet.
not+
V-cd/III
13 . Timpul prezent o acliune care a inceput de curând şi have/has+ The children have been timpul prezent
rfegt continuu, se desfaşoară in mod continuu şi been+ playing for two hours.
(Present Perfect neîntrerupt pâr)ă in prezent V-ing Since when have you been
Continuous Tense) reading?
14. ITimpul trecut o acliune trecută, anterioară altei had- They had got your letter mat mult ca
perfect (Pa_' ` acliuni tot din trecut y'-ed/III before I met then-. perfectul
Perfect Ten,el
a) forma o întrebare had+ Had they arrived home
interogativă subject+~ before you got there?
interrogative V-ed1I11 .
b)forma negativă o propozilie negativă subject+ The children had not
(negative) had+not+ (hadn't) seen a lion before
V-ed/Itl they went to the Zoo.
15 . ITimpul trecut o acliune care a inceput intr-un had- The audience had been imperfect
perfect continuu moment din trecut şi s-a desfâşurat in been+ waiting for half an hour (rnai mult ca
(Past Perfect mod continuu şi neîntrerupt pănă într- V-ing when the shots began perfectul)
Continuous Tense un moment tot din trecut
16 . Timpul viitor o acliune viitoare, dcsfăş urat ă shall/will- Everybody will have eaten viitor anterior.
perfect (Future inaintca altei acliuni tot din viitor ha ~e+ everything on the table by the viitor, prezent
Perfect Tenw) V-ed/III _ time we vet there .
17 . Timpul %iitor o actiune care va fi in curs de shall/will+ Don't come till 10 o'clock viitor sau
perfect continuu desfâ urare înaintea unui alt moment have+been+V- tomorrow, mother will have prezent
(Future Perfect din viitor ing been cooking till then .
Continuous Tense
18 . Timpul viitor in este folosit pentru a exprimâ o idee de would+V We all agreed that we would viitor
trecut (Future in viitor într-o propozilie secundar ă never visit them again.
the Past Tense) atunci cănd predicatul propozitiei
rind ale este la un titre trecut
19. Modul subjonctiv o actiune ireal ă darrealizabil ă a)infinitiv The important thing is that he modul
(The Subjunctive prezent (V) take part in the discussion. subjonctiv
mom) (conjunctiv)
b)formă I wish he came sooner.
identică cu Ifhe were me, he wouldn't modul
Past Tense (pt . " make such a mistake. conditional
vb . to be '
forma este
were la toate
. persoanele) modul
c)form ă conjunctiv
identică cu He wished he hadn't been perfect
Past Perfect such a fool . sau .
Tense if we had been there we conditional
could have helped vou. perfect
Subjonctiv a)sltall/ It is important that everybody modul
analitic-construcIii should+V ; should be here could subjonctiv
echivalente cu . may/ answer the questions. (conjunctiv
subjonctivul might+V; I wish ou would come
_N prezent)
would+V; sooner.
could+V Hurry up lest we should miss
the bus.
b) shall/ It'was strange that be should modul
should+ have behaved like subjonctiv
have+ that/could have made such a perfect
V-ed/III ; mistake.
may/might+ha
ve
+V-ed/III ;
would+
have+
V-ed/III ;
could+have+V
-ed/III
20 . Modul conditional o condijie sau o actiune dorită a)condi~ They' would leave now. modul
(The Conditional (realizat ă cu o anume condijie) prezent : conditional
Mood) should/ prezent
would+
V-ed/III
' b)condit . He would have called you modul
perfect : sooner if . . conditional
should/ perfect
- would+
have+
V-ed/lII
21 . %lodul imperativ un ordirt, un indemn, o urare . un sfat a)let+ compl. Let Tom sing! modul
(The Imperative etc. in acuzativ+ Let them dance! imperativ
'Mood) V (pers .I Şi 111)
b)V (pets . a 11-
a)
Go home'
Come here!
forma negativă o interdicoe, un sfat, tin indenur etc . a)Don't+ Don't let Mary go!
let+compl. in
acuzativ +V!
. b) Don't+V
Don't be rude!
22 . Modul infinitiv denumeşte actiunei sat siarea ahnf scurt=V go, come, see etc. modul
prezent (the exprimată de verb b)inf. to go, to come, to see etc. inFnitiv
Irdimnive Blood) lun =to+V rezent
23 . -1.1odul infmitiv actiunea exprimată d'e el este to have+ 1 didn't expect to have been modul
perfect (Perfect anterioar ă celei arătate de verbul din V-ed/III spoken to like that. infinitiv
Infuutiv fa lui perfect
24 . Consuticjia: , constructie tradusă prin ca. . . s ă: subiect+ He made her cry. (ca) . . . să . . .
acuzativ cu c ă+verb la timpul prezent, modul predicat I expect him to come soon. să . . . .
infinitiv gerunziu, sat verb la modul (diateza We know him to be clever . c ă . .+prezent
(Accusative+ subjonctiv (conjunctiv) activ ă)+ They hear lfor play the gerunziu
Infuutive) compl, in piano even day.
acuzativ+ vb .
' la infinitiv
(scurt sat
lung)
25 . Comu uepa: construcpe înrudiră cu cea de mat subiect She was made to cry .
nominativ cu sus, diferenta constănd in faptul că (nominativ) He is expected to come soon .
infinitiv predicatul propozitiei in acest-caz este +predicat He is (mown to ^z. clever.
(Nominative+ la diateza pasiv ă (diateza Mary is heard to play the
Infinitive) pasivă )+ vb. l a piano eve ;y day .
infinitiv lun
26. Modul participiu este in formă identic cu Gerund ; a)V-ing , We are rending now .
(The Participle diferenia constă in folosirea lui (diateza activă The boy wal6dng down'the
Mood) (1unpreună cu vb. to be formează b)being+ street is Tom (who is
a) participiu " aspectul continuu; iulocuieşte o V-ed/111 walking) .
prezent .(Present intreagă propozitie ; are functie de (diateza Have you read that
Participle) adjectiv sat de adverb ; unnea ă după pasivă ) interesting book?
o con"unc ie She sat down laughing.
b)participiu arată o actiune anterioară celei a)diateza Having flushed his work he După ce. . . /
" perfect (Perfect exprimate de predicatul propozioei in activă : went to bed . Întrucăt. . .
Participle) care se află having+
V-ed/11I
b)diateza Having been told to go Întrucăt. . ./
pasivă : hone, John began to cry . După ce. . .
having+ ,
been+
V-ed/I11
c)participiu trecut cmesputde participiului din limbs verbe Translate the underlined modul
(Past Participle) rom&A ; este folosit ca adjectiv; intră regulate words . participiu
in compunerea timpurilor perfecte şi V-ed; They have just been here .
- a diatezei pasive verbe nereg. : He was called by his mother.
forma a III-a
27. Construclia : spre deosebire de construclia subject+ They hear Mary playing the gerunziu
acuzativ cu "acuzativ cu infinitiv", aceasta arat ă predicat piano now.
participiu că acliunea este in curs de (diateza
(Accusative+ desfăşurare activă)+
Participle) compl . in
acuzafiv+ V-
in
28 . Constntclia : exprim ă aceeaş i idee de acliune in subject Mary is heard playing the gerunziu
nominativ cu curs de desfăşurare ca mai sus, dar (nominativ)+pr piano now.
participiu predicatul propoziliei este la diateza edicat
(Nominative+ pasi),'ă (diateza
Participle) ivă + V-in
29. Constructia : verbal la participiu are propriul s ău subject+ V- Everybody having sat down, ntrucit. ..
nominativ absolut subject, independent de subiectul ing, ,. . the actors began to play . Dacă. . .
propoziliei in care se afl ă Weather permitting, we Dat fiindc ă. .
leave the to b lane . etc.
30 . Construclia; subiectul participiului prezent lidf-eşte Strictly spealdng, you are Strict vorbind
participiu absolut right.
All things considered we Tinând cont
can draw a conclusion. de toate
acestea. . .
31 . The Gerund , esle verb cu valoare de substaniv, V+-ing His coming here was substantiv
deci este de cele mai mulle on irrsolit unexpected . (verbal)
de un determinant substantival Thesebeautiful writings supin
(articol, atribut) ; are ş i caracteristici belong to Tom . subjonctiv
de verb (are diateză , subject, I feel li.te di nldng a cofe etc.
complement) ; poale f folosit ş i ca now.
adjectiv ; unnează după o prepozipe, We depend on their coming
după anumite verbe ş i constnictii in time.
I can't help laughing.
(Nu pot să nu ră d .)
A sleeping -car (vagon de
dormit