Course: Business Communication

Internal Assignment Applicable for April 2020 (last date 28 March 2020) Examination

Q1. The Alpha Plus Project that your company has been working relentlessly for is
unfortunately being cancelled due to competition concerns and the state of the national
economy. You, as the Project Lead, are to write an email to the employees working on
the Alpha Plus Project. Since this is a case of negative news that might come as a shock
to your employees, you decide to start the email with an effective buffer. What is a
buffer? What are the different types of buffers? Give examples of any 4 buffers you
might use in the above situation.

Ans: Buffers are the first tool business writers use to soften the blow of the message by doing
things such as introducing the best news first or complimenting the reader.
Example: Your company has my sincere admiration for the charitable effort you’ve put forth
this holiday season.

Cushion the Bad News: Place the bad news tactfully after the buffer and before a positive
closing to lessen the affect. If the bad news is sandwiched between two positives, the reader
is less likely to dwell on the negative.

Be Empathetic: Understand where the reader is coming from and do so sincerely. This
concept is also included in the audience analysis stage of the 3×3 Writing Process, but it
cannot be emphasized

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Q2. Convert the following sentences from active voice to passive voice. Discuss which
sentence version is more effective.
a) We cannot authorize the repair of your Smart TV since you have allowed the
warranty
period to expire.
b) I cannot give you a cash refund for items that you purchased over 60 days ago.
c) Hinduja Hospital does not accept patients who are not members.
d) You must submit all reports by Friday 5 PM.
e) You added the 2 columns instead of subtracting them, thus producing the incorrect
total.

Ans: Verbs may also be classified as ‘active verbs’ and ‘passive verbs.’ Using the ‘active
voice’ means that the subject is the doer of the action and that the verb is active. On the other
hand, a sentence in ‘passive voice’ means that the subject is the receiver of the action and that
the verb is passive. For example consider the following sentences:
1. John ‘wrote’ the report. (Active voice)
2. The report ‘was written’ by John. (Passive voice)

Note that in the first sentence, the use of the active voice draws attention to the doer of the
action namely ‘John’. This gives a sharper picture to the receiver of the message. In the
second sentence, the subject, i.e., the ‘report’, is emphasised more than the doer of the action,
giving a less clear picture to the receiver.

In most cases, the active voice is preferable to the passive, since it conveys ideas more
vividly. However, there are instances when use of the passive voice is more appropriate.
They are as follows:
● When the doer of the action has to be subordinated, rather than highlighted – For
example, this is the case when writing research reports. It is more important to
emphasise what
3. You have just finished drafting a proposal for a coveted project. You want to make
sure that you haven’t overlooked anything.
a. What are the different proofreading techniques you’d employ to make sure your
proposal is error-free?
b. How would you make sure your proposal is readable? Name 2 Readability Indices
you
could use.

Answer: a) Proofreading is the process of carefully reviewing a text for errors, especially
surface errors such as spelling, punctuation, grammar, formatting, and typing errors. If you
don’t proofread your work, you might write “ham” instead of “harm” and confuse your
reader. By the time you proofread a piece of writing, it should be almost done. It’s the very
last step of the writing process after drafting, editing, and revising.

Different techniques of proofreading

● Double-check high-priority items: Double-check the spelling of names and the
accuracy of dates, addresses, and any number that could cause grief if incorrect (such
as telling a potential employer that you’d be happy to work for $5,000 a year when
you meant to say $50,000). These items are very important by nature and even a small
mistake can impact any organization badly. If you are checking anything twice then
chances of possible errors are almost eliminated.
 ● Give yourself some distance: If possible, don’t proofread immediately after finishing
a document; let your mind

Course: Business Ecomomics

Internal Assignment Applicable for April 2020 (last date 28 March 2020) Examination

1. The concept of elasticity for demand is importance for determining the prices of
various factors of production. Discuss the various factors that influences the price
elasticity of demand.

Answer: The term elasticity is borrowed from physics. It shows the reaction of one variable
with respect to a change in other variables on which it is dependent. Elasticity is an index of
reaction.

In economics the term elasticity refers to a ratio of the relative changes in two quantities. It
measures the responsiveness of one variable to the changes in another variable.

Elasticity of demand is generally defined as the responsiveness or sensitiveness of demand to

a given change in the price of a commodity. It refers to the capacity of demand either to
stretch or shrink to a given change in price. Elasticity of demand indicates a ratio of relative
changes in two quantities.ie, price and demand. According to prof. Boulding. “Elasticity of
demand measures the responsiveness of demand to changes in price” 1 In the words of
Marshall,” The elasticity (or responsiveness) of demand in a market is great or small
according to the amount demanded much or little for a given fall in price, and diminishes
much or little for a given
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2. Complete the hypothetical table below and explain in brief, the behaviour of each
type of cost.
Quanti Total Total Total Average Average Total Marginal
ty Fixed Variable Cost Fixed Cost Variable Cost Cost
Cost Cost Cost
0 0
1 25
2 40
3 50
4 60
5 100 80
6 110
7 150
8 300
9 500
10 900

Answer: Fixed Cost refers to total money expenses incurred on fixed inputs like plant,
machinery, tools & equipments in the short run. Total fixed cost corresponds to the fixed
inputs in the short run production function. TFC remains the same at all levels of output in
the short run. It is the same when output is nil. It indicates that whatever may be the quantity
of output, whether 1 to 6 units, TFC remains constant. The TFC curve is horizontal and
parallel to OX-axis, showing that it is constant regardless of out put per unit of time. TFC
starts from a point on Y-axis indicating that the total fixed cost will be incurred even if the
output is

3. Demand forecasting in an organisations plays a vital role in business organisations. It

provides reasonable data for the organization's capital investment and expansion
decision.
a. Keeping the above statement in consideration. Discuss the various steps involved in
demand forecasting
b. Discuss the various needs for demand forecasting in business organisations?

Answer: a) Demand forecasting seeks to investigate and measure the forces that determine
sales for existing and new products. Generally, companies plan their business - production or
sales in anticipation of future demand. Hence forecasting future demand becomes important.
The art of successful business lies in avoiding or minimizing the risks involved as far as
possible and face the uncertainties in a most befitting manner. Thus Demand Forecasting
refers to an estimation of most likely

Course: Corporate social responsibility

Internal Assignment Applicable for April 2020 (last date 28 March 2020) Examination
1. Select any listed Indian or International Public Limited Company and list down its
CSR activities. Also provide any 3 alternative CSR activities that the company should
implement.

Answer: Organizations in India are quite sensible in taking up CSR initiatives and combining
them into their business processes. It has become projected in the Indian corporate setting
because organizations have recognized that besides growing their businesses, it is also
important to shape responsible and supportable relationships with the community at large.
Companies now have specific departments and teams that develop specific policies,
strategies, and goals for their CSR programs and set separate budgets to support them. Most
of the time, these programs are based on well-defined social beliefs or are carefully aligned
with the companies’ business

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2. Assume you plan to develop and implement one of the CSR activities in the
organization, explain the steps that you would follow for CSR development and
implementation strategy in the organization.

Answer: We know that, external stakeholders of an organization are too many and varied and
many of them represent different sections or social groups. This implies that organizations
should be socially responsible; that is, in addition to the interests of the shareholders,
businesses or companies should also serve the society. This is corporate social responsibility
(CSR). Corporate social responsibility can be defined as the alignment of business operations
with social values. Worldwide, companies are trying to integrate corporate social
responsibility into their business operations and strategies. Microsoft, Coca-Cola,
McDonald’s, FedEx, IBM and Johnson & Johnson are some of the leading companies. In
India also, many companies are
3. a. “It is the government’s job to do CSR activities and corporates should focus their
attention on Profit” and “Companies should only focus on profit”. Explain your view
point on both these statements.
3. b. Explain at least 4 voluntary Codes of CSR that you would want an organization to
apply. Explain the reasons for your selection.

Answer: a) I do not agree with both the statements as it is the combined duty of government
and companies to do CSR activities and make our country good. If companies will only focus
on profit then many important factors will be neglected by them like environmental
sustainability, local community help, need of education, employment for poor etc. There are
many big companies which are earning billions of rupees every year so it is absolutely fine if
these companies spend some amount of their profit for the betterment of the society. Yes
main responsibility lies with government only but it also needs support which can be
provided by corporates of our country. All the stakeholders of the company should work
together to ensure an inclusive growth.

Moreover , the companies are taking so much from the society through fair/unfair means it is
their moral and now(after the CSR law) legal duty to give something back to the society and
such a meagre amount is not going to hurt to such large companies. Instead if CSR is used
strategically and pragmatically it

Course: INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR MANAGERS

Internal Assignment Applicable for April 2020 (last date 28 March 2020) Examination

1. Pais Industries Limited operates in five business verticals viz. engineering,

construction, instrumentation, software services, and consumer electronics. Its
Corporate Information Technology Division (CITD) is looking for adopting cloud and
has invited you to provide recommendation for cloud deployment model. You are
required to provide a brief report explaining pros and cons of each cloud deployment
model and recommend the most appropriate deployment model.

Answer: The Cloud in terms of computer networks and its associated technology supports
delivering resources such as computing and storage to customers on demand. Rather than
being a new technology in itself, the cloud is a new business model wrapped around new
technologies such as server virtualization that take advantage of economies of scale and
multi-tenancy to reduce the cost of using information technology resources. One of the
primary uses of cloud computing is for data storage. With cloud storage, data is stored on
multiple third-party servers, rather than on the dedicated servers used in traditional networked
data storage.

Advantages of cloud computing

● Speed: The increase in speed comes because programmes that were previously
installed on your computer using up memory and occupying the processor are now
offloaded. With Cloud Computing services are delivered via a web browser and the
heavy lifting is done by the servers of the company providing the service with your
computer simply
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2. With the number of transactions increasing online daily, cyber-crime is gaining
foothold. Individuals and organizations need to take measures to ensure that they do
not fall prey to such vicious activities. Cybercriminals have found different ways in
which they can cause harm to the users. Give two examples of any organizations being
prey to cyber-crime in 2019.

Answer: There are various types of vulnerabilities and security challenges that can
affect an organization’s information system are:
● Unauthorized access
● Tapping, sniffing, message alteration, theft and fraud etc
● Hacking, Viruses and worms, vandalism and denial of service
● Data theft, data copying, alteration of data etc

In order to safeguard against all above mentioned vulnerabilities following techniques

should be in place:
Identity management: Identity management (ID management) is the organizational process
for identifying, authenticating and authorizing individuals or groups of people to have access
to applications, systems or networks by associating user rights and restrictions with
established identities. The managed identities can also refer to software processes that need
access to organizational systems. Only the identified, authenticated and authorised employees
should have access to the critical information.
Firewalls and antivirus system: A firewall is an access control device that sits between two
networks or two network segments. It filters all traffic between the protected or "inside"
network and a less trustworthy or "outside" network or segment. The purpose of a firewall is
to keep "bad" things outside a

3. The Sadpat Group started operations in the year 1992 with a vision to provide
unparalleled quality service to a spectrum of Maritime and Oil & Gas Industry. Sadpat
is now one of the major players in Dry Docking and Ship Repair in India. Sadpat has
also become a formidable group in providing offshore logistics to support the Oil and
Gas industry. Recently a company that makes ERP software has approached them to
provide a complete solution so that it can integrate its business processes. They wish to
invest in a solution which will enable them to manage all their activities namely offshore
engineering, offshore logistics, coastal logistics and port services, dry docking and ship
repairs and inland waterways.
a. What are the benefits of implementing an ERP software that the software company
needs to highlight?
b. In your opinion, what challenges do you think Sadpat may face while implementing
an ERP package?

Answer: a) Enterprise Resource Planning: It is integrated cross functional software that

reengineers manufacturing, distribution, finance, human resources and other basic business
processes of a company to improve its efficiency, agility and profitability. ERP is built with a
vision to providing businesses with an integrated information system. ERP software consists
of integrated modules that give a company a real-time cross functional view of its core-
business processes such as production, order processing and sales and its resources such as
cash, raw materials, production capacity and people.

Best Practices were also a benefit of implementing an ERP system. When implementing an
ERP system, organizations essentially had to choose between customizing the software and
modifying their business processes to the "Best Practice" function delivered in the vanilla
version of the software.

Benefits of implementing ERP system

Course: MANAGEMENT THEORY AND PRACTICE

Internal Assignment Applicable for April 2020 (last date 28 March 2020) Examination

Raj is working as a consultant in an MNC M/s Swadeshi ltd. that deals with Fast
Moving Consumer Products. Raj has been appointed by the directors of the
organisation. The company wants Raj to take care of a few problematic areas that the
company is facing currently. The following issues are being faced by the organisation:
a) Excessive internal communication - The Company has opened multiple channels of
communication for its employees. They can communicate with each other via Email,
WhatsApp for Business, Internal Messenger, SMS, etc. The same message gets posted
on multiple platforms and in the process the employees waste lots of time in checking
notifications and then replying.
b) The employees are involved in taking lots of print outs for all the documents even if
it's not required. This is adding a lot of cost and it has an adverse environmental
impact.
c) The employees believe in individual achievement and growth but lack the quality of
working in a team. The coordination among employees from various departments is
missing.
d) There are some employees who are reporting to two or three bosses and it leads lot of
chaos in work completion.
e) The employees have this habit of ordering every organisational requirement two
months in advance. This adds to a lot of cost of holding inventory.

1. Suggest solutions to Raj to handle various problems that exist in the organisation.

Answer: Formally defined, an organisation is a social system of people who are structured
and managed to meet some goals. Organisations are ongoing and the structure determines the
relationship between the functions and positions. Structure also subdivides roles,
responsibilities, and authority to carry out the tasks. Organisations are open systems which
are affected by the environment outside its boundary.

M/S Swadeshi Limited is facing several issues in managing the day to day activities at the
workplace and looking to find solutions for the same by asking Raj, the consultant of the
company. If I have to suggest solutions to Raj, I will discuss with him on the above issues
and suggest the possible

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2. M/s Swadeshi Ltd is facing an issue of non-motivated employees. There is no
motivation among employees to work, no one takes initiatives. Employees feel that their
work never gets recognised and rewarded. Explain various ways to motivate the
employees of the organisation.
Answer: Motivation is “the process that account for an individual’s intensity, direction, and
persistence of effort toward attaining a goal.” Intensity is concerned with how hard a person
tries. This is the element most of us focus on when we talk about motivation. Direction is the
orientation that benefits the organisation. And persistence is a measure of how long a person
can maintain his/her effort. Motivated

3. a. Explain the change management process that M/s Swadeshi Ltd should follow to
improve the functioning of the organisation.
3. b. An autocratic leader at the top makes employees feel unsecured. The CEO never
consults the team for taking decisions. Explain with reason, the leadership style that will
be suitable for M/s Swadeshi Limited.

Answer: a) Change management process

Create urgency: For change to happen, the organisation should feel a need and feel that this
need is urgent. This is true at all levels. many organisations where fundamental changes have
taken place did so after someone, usually the CEO and the top management team, created a
sense of urgency for it.

Form a powerful coalition: Do generals go to war alone? Can you go into change alone?
This is where the need for a strong leadership who is courageous enough to enlist the support
of several top managers matter. You have to be at the forefront of it all to get the support of
the people. In other words, you cannot manage change, you have to lead it.

Create a vision for change: People, whether employees or family members, want to know
two things – What is it and why is it. If they are convinced of these, then they perhaps accept
the ‘how’ of it that you might dictate to

Course: ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR

Internal Assignment Applicable for April 2020 (last date 28 March 2020) 9 Examination

1. Joey works for a media company as a project coordinator. His boss, Ross is not
sensitive and wants every chore to be done according to his way without even
considering team’s perspective. If Joey commits any insignificant mistake, then also he
is reprimanded in front of the entire team. Ross wants Joey to stay late beyond office
hours, even when his work is complete. Considering this situation explain the pitfalls in
leadership shown by Ross.

Answer: According to Koontz and O’Donnell “Leadership is the process of influencing

others towards the accomplishment of the goal. It is the ability of a manager to induce
subordinates to work with zeal and confidence”. In other words we can say that leadership is
a process which influences people to work for the fulfilment of the goal. Every leader is
known by his followers so leaders continuously influence the behavior of the followers.

A leader performs various functions while motivating people towards achieving

organizational goals. A Leader helps in creating a healthy environment so that employees can
work with efficiency. He is the representative of the group. Leaders also act as counsellors
who listen to their subordinates,
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2. As Organisational behaviour is gaining importance in this world of disruptive

technology and constant changes. Several challenges have also been posed. As a coin has
two sides; challenges also brings in a lot of opportunities. Analyse the contemporary
situation and list down some opportunities and challenges of OB

Answer: Organizational Behavior (OB) is the study and application of knowledge about how
people, individually and groups behave as individuals as well as in groups in the
organizations. Its main purpose is to build better relationships by achieving individual
objectives, group objectives, organizational objectives and at last, social objectives. Talcott
Parsons defines organization as, “a social unit which is deliberately constructed and
reconstructed to seek

3. Case:
Kushal is a trainer for Yummy Tummy a home grown brand, in FMCG business. He is
very hard working and did brilliantly with the managers on their writing and helped
them to feel more confident about it. Kushal worked with top executives as well as the
shop floor level. He then realized that teaching and training people at ground level was
his calling. Kushal was one of the top paid employees. Kushal met Mark, his superior
and explained to him that he wanted to be associated in teaching and training only the
ground level employees as there is a huge gap and area of improvement. He also agreed
to work on reduced salary and started offering language classes as an add on benefit to
the trainees. It was noticed that in due course of the time their productivity increased
and some of them even began to apply for supervisory positions.
Case Questions
a. Which Content theories of motivation would explain why Kushal was unhappy
despite his high income?
b. Kushal seems to have drifted into being a teacher. Given his needs and motivations,
do you think teaching is an appropriate profession for him?

Answer: a) Motivation is “the process that account for an individual’s intensity, direction,
and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal.” Intensity is concerned with how hard a
person tries. This is the element most of us focus on when we talk about motivation.
Direction is the orientation that benefits the organisation. And persistence is a measure of
how long a person can maintain his/her effort. Motivated individuals stay with a task long
enough to achieve their goal.

Content theory of motivation applicable in this case

McClelland’s (1961) theory

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