Presented by :-

Himanshu Guleria
(801624012)
 WFS stands for Waste Foundry Sand.

 A foundry produces metal castings by pouring molten

metal into a performed mold to obtain the resulting
hardened metal cast.

 Foundries successfully recycle and reuse the sand

many times in the foundry and when sand is no
longer of reused, it is removed and termed as
waste/used foundry sand.
 By product from production of both ferrous (iron and
steel) and non ferrous (copper, aluminium, brass and
bronze) metal casting industries.

 Sand as a molding material has been used for centuries

because of its thermal conductivity.

 Highly rich in silica content.

 Clay-Bonded Chemically
(Green Sand) bonded Sand

->Silica (85-95%)
->Silica (93-99%)
Binder-> Bentonite Clay (4-10%)
Binder-> Chemical(1-3%)
Carbonaceous additive (2-10%)
sodium silicates, epoxy-resins
Plasticity -> Water ( 2-5%)

Color – Grey or Black

(Carbon Content)
Color – Tan or off white
Used in 90% of
molding materials
Lower organic
containment
 NEED FOR REPLACEMENT
 Excavation of sand and stones from river banks is one of the
main cause for disasters caused due to FLOODS
 Sources of sands are depleting as it is obtained
naturally unlike the cement which is
manufactured.

 The successful use of industrial waste like

foundry sand will aid in reducing the
environmental and health problems related to the
disposal of wastes.

 The scarcity of land area needed for disposal.

 Indian Foundry Industry is the 4th largest casting producer
in the world.
 More than 5000 foundry units in India.
 Installed Capacity – Approximately 7.5 million tones per
annum.
 WFS Generate – Approximately 1.71 million tones per
annum.
 High way embankment construction
 Ground Improvement
 Hydraullic Barrier
 Concrete made with foundry sand can be suitably used
in making structural grade concrete.

 The results indicate that the % change in cost reduce

upto 5.17 for 50% replacement of used foundry sand
plus 10% replacement of pozzocrete.
 Property T. Naik Guney R. Siddique

Specfic Gravity 2.79 2.45 2.18

Fineness 2.32 - 1.89

Modulus
Unit weight 1784 - 1638
( kg/m3)
Absorption 5.0 - 1.3

Moisture Content - 3.25 -

Clay lumps and 0.4 - 0.9

friable particles
Materials finer 1.08 24 18
than 75 micron m
(%)
Constituent AFS Guney R. Siddique

SiO2 87.91 98 83.8

Al2O3 4.70 0.8 0.81

Fe2O3 0.94 0.25 5.39

CaO 0.14 0.035 1.42

MgO 0.30 0.023 0.86

SO3 0.09 0.01 0.21

Na2O 0.19 0.04 0.87

K2O 0.25 0.04 1.14

TiO2 0.15 - 0.22

Mn3O4 0.02 - 0.047

SrO 0.03 - -

LOI 5.15 - 2.15

60

50

40
28 Days
30
91 Days
20 365 Days
10
365 Days
0 91 Days
0% 5%
10% 28 Days
15% 20%
 5

4.8

4.6
28 Days
4.4
91 Days
4.2 365 Days

4
365 Days
3.8 91 Days
0% 5% 10% 28 Days
15% 20%
35
34
33
32
28 Days
31
30 91 Days
29 365 Days
28
365 Days
27 91 Days
0% 5%
10% 28 Days
15%
20%
 Tarun Naik Guney Rafat Siddique

Replacement 25 & 35 5,10,15 5,10,15,20

Testing Days 28 28 & 56 28,91 & 365

Workability -0.2,-0.25 -6.25,-31.25 &- 62.5 -5.55,-5.55,-11.11,-11.11

Compressive -0.45,-1 -13.11,0,-14.75 8.3,12.8,17,13.5

Strength -6.25,1,(-)10.2 5.9,8.23,10.6,5.9
8.88,14.4,15.55,14.4

Split Tensile -13,-30.2 -5.7,11.5,(-)11.42 3.57,8.33,11.9,7.14

Strength -8.37,2.87,-13.61 3.95,10.46,11.7,9.3
4.5,9.09,13.6,11.36

Elastic Modulus 5.36,5 -7.65,-1.78,-8.5 1.67,5.03,6.54,4.02

-3.5,0.5,-6.43 2.83,3.93,6.29,5.51
1.53,3.84,4.61,3.38
 Strength properties of concrete mixtures increase with
the increase in foundry sand contents and also with
the age.
 Strength properties results indicate that waste foundry
sand could be very conveniently used in making good
quality concrete and construction materials.
 Workability is decreases with the increase of foundry
sand content because of very fine particles.
 Results have indicated that concrete made with (up to
15%) WFS could suitable be used for making structural
grade concretes.
THANK YOU