Professional Documents
Culture Documents
PPT Renewable Energy and Energy Storage Systems (Benny Yeung) PDF
PPT Renewable Energy and Energy Storage Systems (Benny Yeung) PDF
Energy Storage
Systems
Chapter 10
Power Electronics for Utility
Applications
Introduction
Alternative and renewable energy
Non-constant output voltage
DC sources
Eg. Photovoltaic systems, fuel cells
Maximum power point tracking
AC sources
Relying electromechanics
Eg. Wind power, tidal power, hydro power systems
Power conditioning with power electronics necessary
Bidirectional, resonant, soft-switching multiple O/P techniques
Energy storage systems
Energy Storage Systems
Storing energy when renewable power enough
Releasing power when renewable power not sufficient
Energy storage devices
Batteries, hydrogen tanks, other energy storage devices
Power electronics
For charging energy storage devices
For converting voltage in appropriate format and level
For achieving MPPT
Battery Energy Storage Systems
BESS for PV systems
DC/DC converters
Providing DC link voltage to the inverter from battery
Achieving maximum power point tracking (MPPT)
DC/DC DC
Inverter
Converter
Photo Voltaic AC
Battery
Battery
Charger
Battery Energy Storage Systems
BESS for PV systems
MPPT
Current of PV increasing VI Curve
while voltage decreasing Impp
MPP
ve
Control output current with
r
Cu
corresponding output
er
voltage levels of the PV
w
Po
For maximising output
power
Avoiding overload of PV
Voltage Vmpp
Battery Energy Storage Systems
BESS for Utility
Bidirectional Inverter (DC/AC or AC/DC)
DC/AC conversion to AC grid
AC/DC conversion to charging battery
AC/DC Conversion
Battery Inverter
Charging Battery AC
Battery Energy Storage Systems
Comparison of batteries for BESS
Examples of types of lithium-ion batteries
Lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) battery (high energy density)
Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePo4 or LFE) battery (safer)
Type Cell voltage (V) Density (Whr/kg) Efficiency (%)
Lead-acid 2.1, 2.2 30-40 70-92
Ni-Cad 1.2 40-60 70-90
Ni-iron 1.2 50 65
NiMH 1.2 30-80 66-95
Li-ion Based 3.6 160 99
Nano Titanate 13.8 90 87-95
Hydrogen Energy Storage Systems
Hydrogen as fuel
Electrolyser
Decomposing water to H and O2
H stored in a high pressure tank as fuel storage
Alternative Load or DC Bus
Energy Source
H Hydrogen
Electrolyser Fuel Cell
Storage Tank
DC/DC
PV PV PV
DC Bus
Converter
Grid
Parallel
Current
Control
DC/DC
PV PV PV
Converter
Renewable Energy System with
Electromechanics
Variable frequency to constant frequency converters used
Constant frequency O/P Doubly-fed
Induction Generator
Constant AC voltage O/P AC
Mechanical Stator
AC/DC/AC converters Subsystem M
Matrix converters Rotor
AC/AC
Cycloconverters Converter
Induction Generator
DC
Mechanical AC/DC AC
M
+
Inverter
Subsystem Converter
Renewable Energy System with
Electromechanics
Types of renewable energy with electromechanics
Wind power, tidal power and hydro power
Green or organic gas with combustion generators
Hydrogen, organic methane
Synchronous Generator
DC
Mechanical AC/DC AC
M
+
Inverter
Subsystem Converter
Inverter
+
Inverter
Subsystem Converter
AC/DC/AC Converters
AC/DC converter + DC Link Capacitor + Inverter
DC link capacitor for energy storage and voltage smoothing
C prolonging uninterrupted time when no power from input
Battery able to be used with C together
AC/DC converter can be a rectifier or a PFC converter
DC Link
AC AC/DC AC
+
Inverter
I/P Converter O/P
Matrix Converters
AC/AC power conversion
With many bidirectional
Vin
switches
constructed with IGBTs
and anti-parallel diodes
Outputting voltage level,
shape, frequency Vout
By controlling switching patterns and duty ratio of switches
Obtaining sinusoidal output voltage with high order harmonics
Matrix Converters
Advantages of matrix converters
Small power circuit
No magnetic components and DC link capacitors
Reliability getting rid of lifetime of capacitors
Sinusoidal output voltage with minimal high order harmonics
Unity power factor
Bidirectional power conversion and power flow
Renewable Energy Network
Wind Rail
Power Transportation
EV
Solar Charging
Photovoltaic
Electric
Vehicle
Bio-power Building
Generation Power LED
Distribution Lighting
Hydrogen
Street
& Traffic Elevator
Motor
Lights Escalator
Drives
Air-con
Fuel Cell HESS
Computers
BESS Waste
Food
AV
Entertainment