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571 Atlas Exercises Rev2015 PDF
571 Atlas Exercises Rev2015 PDF
A. during shutdown
B. during startup
C. during startup and shutdown
A. True
B. False
A. on the surface
B. in the through thickness
C. on the interior
11. Thermal fatigue is best prevented through design and operation to minimize
thermal stresses and thermal cycling. Some methods to help prevent thermal
fatigue include ____________________________________________.
A. Dye penetrant
B. Shear Wave UT
C. Visual
A. True
B. False
A. cavitation
B. fretting
C. carburization
A. at openings only
B. at notches or stress raisers
C. underneath reinforcement pads only
19. Heat treatment can have a significant effect on the toughness and hence
fatigue resistance of a metal. In general ___________tend to perform better
than___________.
A. SWUT, RT and MT
B. PT, MT and SWUT
C. RT, PT and MT
23. Piping on supports are often very prone to atmospheric corrosion due to
__________________.
24. The method(s) that can be used for inspection to find atmospheric corrosion
are_________________.
A. Visual and RT
B. UT and Visual
26. It is known that 300 Series SS, 400 Series SS and duplex SS are subject to
pitting and localized corrosion. The 300 series are also subject to what form of
attack if chlorides are present?
A. ________________________________________
27. Preventing CUI calls for careful selection of insulating materials. Therefore
__________ materials will hold less water against the vessel/pipe wall than
___________and, are potentially be less corrosive.
28. The recommended technique for identifying wet insulation and potential CUI
is ____________.
A. Profile radiography
B, Neutron backscatter
C. Insulation removal
A. Decreasing
B. Increasing
31. Cooling water corrosion ________areas will appear as grooving along the
weld fusion lines.
A. at GTAW welds
B. at ERW welds
C. at nozzle welds
32. Cooling water should be monitored for variables that affect corrosion and
fouling. Below list the main variables that affect cooling water corrosion.
A. _______________________________
B. _______________________________
C. _______________________________
D. _______________________________
E. _______________________________
F. _______________________________
G. _______________________________
33. Corrosion in boiler feed water and condensate return system is usually the
result of dissolved gases, such as____________________________.
34. Corrosion from oxygen tends to be pitting type damage and can show up any
where in the system, but is most aggressive in __________________________.
35. _______________is the common monitoring tool used to assure that the
various treatment systems are performing in a satisfactory manner.
A. pH measurement alone
B. complete water analysis
C. oxygen content
4.4.2 Sulfidation
36. Which of the following alloys form sulfides at a lower temperature than
carbon steel?
A. copper alloys
B. nickel alloys
C. aluminum alloys
37. Generally the resistance to Sulfidation in iron and nickel base alloys
increases as the _____________ content increases.
A. nickel
B. molybdenum
C. chromium
A. UT thickness and VT
B. UT thickness and Profile RT
C. EC and Profile RT
A. increasing temperature
B. decreasing temperature
C. decreasing chloride
A. nickel
B. duplex stainless steel
C. 300 series stainless steel
A. above 2
B. below 2
C. above 4
43. Inspection for CL SCC can be detected by using which of the following NDE
methods?
A. VT
B. PT
C. Both methods above
A. Carbon Steel
B. Austenitic Stainless Steel
C. All metals and alloys
45. The fatigue fracture is brittle and the cracks are most often _________, as in
stress-corrosion cracking, but not branched, and often results in propagation of
____________cracks.
A. VT
B. MT
C. WFMT
A. non-PWHT welds
B. PWHT welds
C. nozzles and other openings
48. Crack propagation rates increase dramatically with temperature and can
sometimes grow through wall in ____________________________.
49. Caustic embrittlement is often found in piping and equipment that handles
caustic. It may also be found in a process unit that______________________.
A. removes naphtha
B. mercaptans
C. Light Gas Oil
A. 1250 oF
B. 1150 oF
C. 1300 oF
51. Hydrochloric acid (aqueous HCl) causes both general and localized corrosion
and is_______________ to most common materials of construction across a
wide range of concentrations.
A. highly aggressive
B. moderately aggressive
C. not aggressive
54. Carbon steel and low alloy steels suffer__________, localized corrosion or
under deposit attack
A. widespread pitting
B. general uniform thinning
C. highly localized pitting
56. Corrosion of steel due to acidic sour water containing H2S occurs at a pH
between _________.
A. Stainless steels
B. Carbon Steels
C. Non-Ferrous metals
58. H2S content, pH, temperature, velocity and _________concentration are all
critical factors for Sour Water corrosion.
A. oxygen
B. CO2
C. Methane
59. Acid sour water corrosion is a concern in overhead systems of FCC and
coker gas fractionation plants with ___________________________
61. For carbon steel, damage is usually in the form general thinning but may be
highly localized to specific areas of high velocity or turbulence, typically where a
______________________.
A. caustic
B. polythionic
C. alkaline stress
64. All ________carbon steel piping and equipment in lean amine service
including contactors, absorbers, strippers, regenerators and heat exchangers as
well as any equipment subject to amine carryover
A. PWHT
B. non-PWHT
C. stainless steel and
A. ________________________________________________________
B. ________________________________________________________
C. ________________________________________________________
D. ________________________________________________________
67. Blistering, HIC, and SOHIC damage have been found to occur between
ambient and _______________.
A. 300oF or higher
B. 400oF or higher
C. 500oF or higher
A. 200 HB
B. 237 HB
C. 190 HB
A. cannot be
B. can be
C. may be
70. HTHA occurs when hydrogen reacts with ______in steel to form
______which cannot diffuse through the steel.
A. True
B. False
1. B
2. A
3. B
4. A
5. C
6. C
7. A
8. C
9. B
10. A
11. D
12. B
13. B
14. B
15. A
16. C
17. A
18. B
19. C
20. B
21. B
22. A
23. C
24. B
25. C
26. A (Stress Corrosion Cracking)
27. A
28. B
29. A
30. B
31. B
32.
a. pH
b. Oxygen content
c. Cycles of concentration,
d. Biocide Residual
e. Biological Activity
f. Cooling water outlet temp
g. Hydrocarbon Contamination & Process Leaks
33. C
34. A
35. B
36. A
37. C
38. B
39. C
40. A
41. C
42. A
43. C
44. C
45. A
46. C
47. A
48. B
49. B
50. B
51. A
52. C
53. B
54. B
55. C
56. A
57. B
58. A
59. A
60. B
61. A
62. C
63. A
64. B
65. B
66.
a. Hydrogen Blistering
b. Hydrogen Induced Cracking
c. Sulfide Stress Corrosion Cracking
d. Stress Oriented Hydrogen Induced Cracking
67. A
68. B
69. C
70. B
71. B