Date: 19-09-18

Duration: 2 hours Total marks:60

Subject Name: Chemical Metallurgy Subject Code: ML3002

1. Derive the equation for specific stirring power of gas (watts/ton). If the gas is injected at 150 m3 (NTP)/min through
the bottom of a ladle containing 300 tons of liquid steel at 1873K and the height of metal in ladle is 4.5m, then
calculate the specific stirring power of gas. (12)

2. Define Raoult’s law and explain its deviations. Give reasons why for each: Can Henrian activity be the following-
a) greaterthan 1
b) less than 1
c) equal to Raoultian activity
d) equal to Raoultian activity coefficient (3)

Calculate free energy change for the reaction 2[Al]1%mass+3[O]1%mass=<Al2O3> at 298 K from the reaction 2{Al}
+3/2(O2)g=<Al2O3> (4.5)

For a multicomponent system of Al-76 kg, O-24 kg, C-34 kg, and interaction parameters are eAlC=0.091, eAlAl,=0.043,
eAlO=-4.77, eOC=-3.5, eOO=-0.2. Find the activity coefficient for each component. If an impurity, copper is to be removed
from the Al, what should the sign of their activity coefficient be and why? (4.5)

3. Steel is being made in a L.D. convertor. The metallic charge consists of hot metal and scrap in the ratio of 4:1. The hot
metal contains 4% C, 1% Si, 1 % Mn, 0.3% P and rest Fe. Oxygen of 99.5% purity is blown for refining and only 90% is its
efficiency of utilisation. Lime, analysing 3% SiO2, 4% MgO and rest CaO is added as flux. The gas leaving convertor has
рCO/рCO2 of 1:2. 3.25% of total Fe charged is lost in the slag as FeO and Fe2O3, the ratio of ferric to ferrous slag ion in
slag being 1:1 and 50% of the slag being CaO. The steel contains 0.2% C, 0.2% Mn and rest Fe.

Calculate the following per tonne steel:

a) Weight of hot metal and scrap to be charged (15)

b) Oxygen to be blown in m3 (STP)
c) Weight of lime to be charged
d) Weight of slag to be produced

4. A metal slag system consists of Si, O, Mn and SiO2, MnO. Describe two approaches that can be undertaken to calculate
the equilibrium concentration of bulk and interface when slag-metal equilibrium is reached. Which approach do you
think is better? Justify. (12)

5. The following data is given:

weight in wt of si wt of C wt of Cr
Material kg %Si %C %Cr %Fe (Kg) (Kg) (Kg) wt of Fe (Kg)
liq Fe-Cr 135000 0.32 1.85 9.28 88.55 432 2497.5 12528 119542.5
Solid Fe-Cr 8650 3.5 8 57 31.5 302.75 692 4930.5 2724.75
Final Metal 141545.42 0 0 11 89 0 0 15569.996 125975.42
oxidised weights
Si C Cr
734.75 3189.5 1888.5038
The initial temperature is 1873K. Find the final temperature of the system. (9)

NOTE: Data to be attached

Table 1: Energy evolution/consumption equations are attached

Table 2: Enthalpy of formation of oxides

Table 3: Thermodynamic data sheet of Free energy equations

 QUESTION PAPER
● Steel is made in a LD converter. The initial charge consists of 600kg of iron ore, containing 3%
MnO, 3% SiO2, 7% Carbon and the remaining Fe2O3, along with 400 kg of Scrap iron. 150 kg of
Lime is added, which contains 10% each of MgO and SiO2, along with 80% CaO. Pure oxygen of
90% efficiency is blown through the system for refining.
After the refining process, we receive 800 kg of steel, which contains 95% Fe, 1% Mn, 1% Si and
3% Carbon.

Find:
1. The composition and weight of the Slag after the process is over.
2. The volume of O2 required.
pCO:pCO2 ratio is 3:2.

● a) Derive Fick’s First Law.

b) If the gas is injected at 150 m3 (NTP)/min through the bottom of a ladle containing 300 tons of
liquid steel at 1873K and the height of metal in ladle is 4.5m, then calculate the specific stirring
power of gas.

● We have 120000 kg liquid Fe-Cr system, containing 9.5% Cr, 1.5% carbon and 89% Fe. To this
system, we add 9000 kg of solid Fe-Cr ore, which consists of 50% Cr, 10% carbon and 40% Fe.
Finally we extract pure Fe-Cr, with the composition of 90% Fe and 10% Cr. All of the Fe in the
system is extracted in the form of this alloy.
The initial temperature of the system was 1873K. Find it’s final temperature.

● If free energy data for the reaction:

2{Al}1 mass % + 3/2 (O2)g = <Al2O3>
Is ΔG1o = -1685627 + T*11.5368 J/mol, then find out the free energy for the reaction:
2[Al]1 mass % + 3 [O2]1 mass % = <Al2O3>

● Given that we have 849 kg of Fe, 100 kg of MnO and 51 kg of oxygen:

Fe and MnO get oxidised to for FeO and MnO in the following reactions :-
1. {Fe} + [O]id= (FeO); K = 21523
2. [Mn]id + [O]id= (MnO); K = 7148390
Find the number of moles of FeO and MnO formed in the above process.