MELA

MINERALS
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 SILICATES
MINERALS

Quartz (SiO2)

Properties PHP. 799

Luster: Vitreous (Non-metallic)
Color: Clear, white, gray, brown, black, pink, green, red.
Streak: Colorless
Mohs Hardness: 7
Specific Gravity: 2.6 to 2.7
Uses: Glass making, abrasive, foundry sand, hydraulic
fracturing proppant, gemstones.

Feldspar (X(Al,Si)4O8)
Properties PHP. 899
Luster: Vitreous, pearly on some cleavage faces.
Color: Usually white, pink, gray or brown.
Streak: White
Mohs Hardness: 6 to 6.5
Specific Gravity: 2.5 to 2.8
Uses: Crushed and powdered feldspar are crucial raw
materials for various industries including plate glass,
container glass, ceramics, paints, and plastics.

Mica (K(Li,Al)3(AlSi3O10)

Properties PHP. 999

Luster: Pearly, vitreous (Non-metallic)
Color: Purple, rosy, silver, gray (lepidolite), dark green,
brown, black (biotite), yellowish-brown, green-white
(phlogopite), colorless, transparent (muscovite).
Streak: White, colorless
Mohs Hardness: 2.5–4
Specific Gravity: 2.8–3.0
Diagnostic features: Cleavage

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 NATIVE
ELEMENTS

Gold (Au)

Properties PHP. 9,999

Luster: Metallic, without tarnish
Color: Golden, yellow
Streak: Golden, yellow
Mohs Hardness: 2.5 to 3
Specific Gravity: 19.3 when pure
Uses: Many uses in jewelry, coinage, and bullion. Gold is an
electrical conductor used in computers, circuits, appliances,
cell phones, etc. Dental work, gilding, and many other uses.

Silver (Ag)
Properties PHP. 4,999
Luster: Metallic
Color: Silvery white
Streak: Silvery white
Mohs Hardness: 2.5 to 3
Specific Gravity: 10.0 to 11.0
Uses: Jewelry, tableware, coins, electronics, photographic
films, ornaments.

Sulfur (S)

Properties PHP. 4,999

Luster: Greasy (Non-metallic)
Color: Yellow
Hardness: 1.5 to 2.5
Specific Gravity: 2.0 to 2.1
Uses: This substance is utilized in various products such
as hydrogen sulfide, insecticides, herbicides, fungicides,
pharmaceuticals, soaps, textiles, papers, rubber,
gunpowder, leather, paint, dyes, and food preservatives.

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CARBONATES
MINERALS

Calcite (CaCO3)

Properties PHP. 2,999

Luster: Vitreous (Non-metallic)
Color: Usually white but also colorless, gray, red, green, blue,
yellow, brown, and orange.
Streak: White
Mohs Hardness: 3
Specific Gravity: 2.7
Uses: Acid neutralization, a low-hardness abrasive, soil
conditioner, heated for the production of lime.

Dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2)
Properties PHP. 3,999
Luster: Vitreous, pearly (Non-metallic)
Color: Colorless, white, pink, green, gray, brown, black.
Streak: White
Mohs Hardness: 3.5 to 4
Specific Gravity: 2.8 to 2.9
Uses: Construction aggregate, cement manufacturing,
dimension stone, lime production, oil and gas reservoirs,
magnesia sources, chemical industry, agricultural soil
treatments, and metallurgical flux are all involved.

Azurite (Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2)

Properties PHP. 4,999

Luster: Vitreous (Non-metallic)
Color: Deep blue to violet blue; "azure"
Streak: Light blue
Hardness: 3.5 to 4
Specific Gravity: 3.7 to 3.9
Uses: Azurite is used occasionally as beads and as
jewelry, and also as an ornamental stone.

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 HALIDES
MINERALS

Halite (NaCl)

Properties PHP. 999

Luster: Vitreous (Non-metallic)
Color: Colorless or white when pure; impurities produce any
color but usually yellow, gray, black, brown, or red.
Streak: White
Mohs Hardness: 2.5
Specific Gravity: 2
Uses: Winter Road treatment, a source of sodium and chlorine
for chemical processes, food preservation, seasoning.

Silver Chloride (AgCi)

Properties PHP. 1,999
Luster: Adamantine (Non-metallic)
Color: White
Streak: White
Mohs Hardness: 1 to 2
Specific Gravity: 5.5
Uses: Used in electroplating and polishing mirrors and in
making alloys.

Cryolite (Na2NaAlF6)

Properties PHP. 2,999

Luster: Vitreous, Greasy, Pearly
Color: Colourless, white, brown, grey, black; colorless in
transmitted light.
Hardness: 3 - 3½
Specific Gravity: 2.96 - 2.98
Uses: Utilized as a solvent for bauxite in aluminum
electrolytic production, has various metallurgical
applications.

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 OXIDES
MINERALS

Aluminium Oxide (Al₂O₃)

Properties PHP. 1,999

Luster: Dull (Non-metallic)
Color: White
Mohs Hardness: 9
Specific Gravity: 3.97
Uses: Used in the purification of water to remove water from the
gas streams. It is used in sandpaper as an abrasive. Aluminum
oxide is an electrical insulator used as a substrate for
integrated circuits.

Manganese Dioxide (MnO₂)

Properties PHP. 2,999
Luster: Metallic
Color: Black-brown
Streak: Black
Mohs Hardness: 5-6
Specific Gravity: 3.50 - 4.00
Uses: Primarily used as a part of dry cell batteries:
alkaline batteries and the so-called Leclanché cell, or
zinc–carbon batteries.

Dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5)

Properties PHP. 3,999

Luster: Non-metallic
Color: White
Uses: Dinitrogen Pentoxide is used as an oxidizer in
high-fuel Rockets. It is used as solvents so that
molecules sensitive to water get easily nitrated. N2O5 is
a strong nitrating agent that combines with HNO3 and
acts as a strong nitrating agent in modern organic
chemistry.

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