[Reading Trial Test] [61 questions]

History of one Japanese calculator

Throughout the history of humankind, techologization has become dominant in our life
since the fast-growing of Industrial Revolution was from England, especially the first steam
engine machine. From that point, the inescapabilty of complicated semiconductor had an
opportunity to put new foots in a real play. One thing which people could not unforgettable
was a first conductor from America in 1941 but that was used for trash-laden useless machine.
On the other hand, next 4 years, in Japan, after defeating in World War II, Kashio Seisakujo, a
Japanese engineer in fabrication technology, manufactured and managed the process of
producing state-of-the-art cigarettes which could allow the smokers to enjoy the life without
using the hands for rushing the ashes on each cigarette.
Accidentally, during the working days in Tokyo, Kashio Seisakujo walked on the
pavement to his dwelling where was located in the outskirt of the capital. He noticed about a
giant billboard with mesmerizing lights in Tokyo nighttime. As that first time, he wondered why
he did not develop an object which could be portable, easy to carry, and necessary. After
wandering multiple times under the nighttime with downpour, he found an idea about making
bells and whistles calculators instead of spending around the clock in the factory with air
contamination of smoking. The combination of using compactor from America and the bright –
and-shine commercial billboard in Ginza was to help him to begin a first step to operate family
business with his brothers: Toshio, Kazuo, and Yukio
At the beginning, the funds came from working cigarettes in the factory. Moreover, his
organization was a small start-up entrepreneur with old-fashioned machines to design the
calculator. In his workshop, 100% of portable calculators were made by hands with cogs in the
engine and spinal gears inside. Thanks to Kashio’s talent and vast specialized knowledge from
his previous experience, he used solenoids to make a first Japanese portable calculator. To be
more understandable, solenoids were invented by André-Marie Ampère, a French physician. At
that time of his invention, his name was used to measure how strong the flow of electronics
was. Back to Kashio’s timeline, the reason why he must use solenoids was to make
electromagnetic field for creating the flow of accelerated current. On his electrical current flow,
he also used capacitors to create a perfect closed-circuit connection like the flow of human
circulatory system. It means his portable calculator was bigger than 30 times than some current
portable calculators that we know today. Therefore, your pocket’s jeans would not suitable for
his invention before the 1950s.
During the recovery after World War II, Japan had suffered a lot failure but the greatest
contribution from America was a great chance to settle a new face of country from democracy
to meritocracy. [A] At the same time, Kashio had created first 10-key number calculator, then
there was no hope in one product so he attempted to adjust with a little bit of differences on
the number of keypads like from 10 to 15 and then 20 and so on. [B] That technique that would
lead a new growth leaps and bounds was a first achievement to pre-establish first headquarter
in near future. [C] Many Japanese believed that his contributions could shape Japanese
economy and technology after wartime. [D] Without him, the renaissance of futuristic robotic
and automatic machine in Japan might be slim.
In 1957, the first headquarter was established in Shibuya, Tokyo. However, before
finding the headquarter, his brothers made some long and short discussions. Toshio believed
that we would establish the company in Kita because that was near the outskirt of
cosmopolitan where people could purchase in both territories. Meanwhile, Yukio offered in
Koto due to having an export-import shipyard and international logistics which could help them
to trade with foreign countries in the nickel of the time. During the discussion, Kazuo argued
that we must establish in the center of Tokyo, the capital of Japan, to show off the powerful
company in front of other rival competitors. The last person was Kashio who had to be a leader
right now. He selected Shibuya because more and more pedestrians walk every day in here and
that location where he had been an idea about creation. Furthermore, most international
visitors came here more than other areas in Tokyo. That was a reason to build a first
headquarter in Shibuya, Tokyo.
[E]
At same time, in 1957, the first model was Model 14-A whose cost was an arm and a leg
or approximately 485,000 yen. This device was a breakthrough of Silicon technology which
would appear in different parts of the globe. In Model 14-A, that was a long-length table and
heavy like a ton because it must be carried by 4 healthy and muscular men. Because of the
weight, many businesswomen in Japan needed to ask for the help from white-collar males to
adjust the table. On the screen, they used illuminating pad to show numbers or line results but
the results would run up and down based on the way of Japanese written system. It means the
numbers ran from up to down and from right to left, not from left to right like English written
system. Related to power consumption, it consumed 300 Watt per hour in 100 Voltage,
compared with 110 Voltage from national energy supply. In conclusion, his device spent a lot of
both cash and energy for households and businesses.
[F]
In the 1980s, the boom of Japanese economy had come. That occurrence affected to
Kasio’s family business. With the foreign investments and the assiduity of Japanese, Kasio could
be confident in technological innovation. First, he made a first musical instrument (Electronic
Piano) which could be lightweight and easy to carry by one thin adult. Then, he introduced
different affordable scientific calculators, wristwatches, cameras, and other stuffs for Japanese.
The new age of Japanese technology had flipped a new page with many unexpected and
longstanding ways.
[G]
Kashio, in fact, built his own assembly line in Yamagata, Yamagata Prefecture after the
rapid development of Japanese economy. As a result, he could make mass production and just-
in-time distribution to different stores by stores, from domestic to international customers.
When the organization was in the green, Kashio utterly gave the green light to open more and
large manufacturing outside Japan. For instance, he tried to open some factories in China but
computerized in Japan to prevent some errors during production and operation stages.
[H]
Most of products from him are necessities and eco-friendly not only in Japan but also in
other countries. On the other hand, when people mention Casio, their answers which appear in
their minds are always Casio scientific calculator. Sooner or later, Casio calculator will be
dominant in marketplace. To distinguish with other competitors, there are some main keys to
describe the differences. On the top of left hand side, we can see the logo CASIO which was
printed in bold dark capital letters to attract the customer. Next to the logo, it is the golden
stamp in rectangular shape from Economic and Control Department because they want to
prevent from infringement on copyright and duplication. Both of criminal actions can affect
Casio’s business in the long-term. On the top of right hand side, the serial code of Casio is a
good way to demonstrate customers on what type and which functions of calculator will be
appropriate for their interests. For example, FX-300MS cannot show the numerator and
denominator in vertical line while FX-570 ES Plus can operate that function well. All of 100%
Casio scientific calculators has LCD screen or Liquid Crystal Display screen like television screen
or laptop screen and most LCDs or other outside parts are made by polymerization with 94%
aromatic benzene rings: polystyrene. Moreover, polystyrene is most favorable choice for Casio
LCD screen and other plastic products because of cost-saving and convenience. In the
detrimental side, even though using more and more chemicals in Casio Factories can lead to be
harmful for human health, especially cancer causation, manufacturers still accept to continue
working inside manufacturing. Most of Casio calculator’s parts are made in China but not all of
them. For example, the chip and the screen are manufactured in Japan before transporting to
China to assemble. Furthermore, the outside silver shield is partial made in both China and
Japan while the protector part which can cover in the front after using was perfectly made in
China.
The function of Casio products is the most paramount reason why people love
purchasing. In Casio scientific calculator, the screen must be bigger and wider in both length
and width. To be more understandable, if Casio s’ serial number is more than 500, the
diagonal’s screen will be more approximate 3 times than the width. On the other side of the
coin, if Casio’s serial number is with lower than 500, the diagonal’s screen will be over 4.5 times
than the width because of the shrinkage of the width. The program of the function for scientific
calculator has 3 types: programming, graphic, and one-line. If the result shows on the same
line, that will be one-line. If the result shows on the separated line and no any graph, that will
be programming. On the face of scientific calculator, the central movement pad is such a great
controller to fix many mistakes on Mathematics functions showing on screen by moving back
and forward on them. Last but not least, many customers always want to purchase the
calculators with suitable keypads. To be more clear, we put a medical pill as the standard
measurement and the length is 2 cm. In FX Calculator, the width of each important keypad
should be shorter than a half of medical pill or 0.75 cm while the the length of each of them
must be exactly same a half of medical pill.

1) Question 1-10: Selecting True, False, and Not Given in each statement.
Q1: Casio blue collars are on cloud nine because of friendly-environment.
Q2: Model 14-A was first functional calculator at that history of human.
Q3: First invention related to conductor became famous after producing.
Q4: With the rapid growth of Japanese economy, Kashio completely shared the
duties with brothers before establishing the assembly line.
Q5: 100% of Casio calculator parts are solely made in domestic country.
Q6: His projects were many white elephants at the beginning.
Q7: Currently, Casio has at most three types of scientific calculators.
Q8: The results in Model 14-A appeared based on Japanese logographic system.
Q9: Yukio pinpointed how important the backup plans of cash flow were so he chose
Koto.
Q10: The medical pill that used to calculate was from a local pharmacy in Tokyo
2) Q11 – Q21: Find the suitable paragraph for each sentence counting from top to down.
For example, _1_ The introduction of the New Age of semiconductor
Q11: Kashio’s invention could be an axiom to set more state-of-the-art stuffs next few
years
Q12: Using some chemicals to make the screen in Casio factory.
Q13: Without that small object, Kashio would be bankruptcy in making the calculator
Q14: He and his brothers made a meeting to figure out the place for expanding the
business
Q15: His organization was more profitable and expansive
 Q16: One factor could affect whether customers want to buy or not
Q17: The strength of the flow of electronics in circuit
Q18: The first stage of Casio’s mass production had appeared
Q19: The idea to make a first Japanese calculator had risen
Q20: The residue from their occupations was so far so good to do own business
Q21: His invention was exorbitant but slightly useful at that period of time
3) Q22-Q30: Answering the question

Q22: What is the meaning of the main introduction?

A. The importance of previous technology can set a new way for latest invention
B. Humankind replies on technology but ignores its history
C. The Age of Technology could be appeared or disappeared frequently
D. Kashio is a main character in this invention of conductor industry
Q23: What is the closest meaning “Bells and Whistles” in paragraph 2?
A. Obstetrical B. Flippant C. Ravishing D. Murmured
Q24: Which factor that leads him to have an idea to make the calculator?
A. The sound of smooth music
B. The glamourous street lights
C. The raining like cats and dogs at night
D. The luminescent advertising lights
Q25: At the beginning of making calculator, why did he use traditional methods to
produce original calculator?
A. His company loved using old-fashioned to respect Japanese culture
B. His company was not a big fish in a small pond
C. His company was not provided or supported more funds
D. Their profits from previous occupations was not in abundant to open
Q26: Why did the author mention about “Closed-circuit” in paragraph 3?
A. Kashio had both knowledge and specialized skills to do engineering
B. Closed-circuit flow was a best way to product in Japan
C. Both of his brothers had only unique technique to construct
D. That would be a good way to compete other rivals in marketplace near future
Q27: Which factor was the most paramount in building the calculator?
A. Conductor B. Solenoids C. Plasma D. Human-power
Q28: Why did the author mention André-Marie Ampère in paragraph 3?
A. He was the most important person who affected on future Casio’s decisions.
B. His invention did the most contributory in France.
C. Without that invention from him, Kashio would have not known how to construct.
D. The history of the invention of calculator would not appeared.
Q29: What did author compare “Closed-circuit” part with?
A. The human part which comprised renal parts and excretory parts
B. The human part which made up of grey matter and white matter
C. The human part which consisted of the lung and esophagus
D. The human part which comprised artery and vein

Q30: What was the highest hospitality from America for Japan?
A. Relief the deaths from nuclear attacks in Hiroshima and Nagasaki
B. Making a pavement for Western education
C. Establishment a new version of Western political party
D. Search-and-kill tactic of the reminders who approved with dictatorship
Q31: What is the opposite meaning “Meritocracy” in paragraph 4?
A. Nepotism B. Autocracy C. Skilled-oriented D. Gerontocracy
Q32: Which location in paragraph 4 is suitable for this sentence?
“Multiplying a variety of calculators was only one alternative at that time to
convince more purchasers in Japanese Economic Recovery”.
A.[A] B.[B] C.[C] D.[D]
Q33: What is the closest meaning “Logistics” in paragraph 5?
A. Regimentation B. Coordination C. Inventory D. Martensitic
Q34: Why did the author make the reference on his brother’s brainstorming?
A. Unknown where to settle or make new space for mother company
B. Confusion of selecting locations because there are two sides of a coin in each
location
C. There were many choices but less opportunities to explore in Tokyo
D. All of them attempted to be dominant each other to reach the finish line
Q35: Why did the author mention Mr. Kashio as a leader to select the headquarter?
A. The more pearls of wisdom and skills he got, the more favorable he allowed to select
B. Through thick and thin, he had more experience from previous occupation. Now, he
was a perfect person to guide their brothers.
C. He was the oldest brother among in his family. As a result, who was the oldest
would be a leader.
D. Japanese were suffered from a Great Failure, so Mr. Kashio knew how to defeat
Western economy back.
Q36: This paragraph has been removed. Which position will be suitable for that
paragraph?
“After the transition based on new economic policies, the living standards had been
being improved and set on a right track of global economy. Moreover, those policies
which have already adopted up to now shaped Casio’s decisions. For example, Mr.
Kashio, now, a CEO, shared a positive plan to expand one factory near outside Tokyo.
After economically governmental reconstruction was introduced, Mr. Kashio used his
management skills to swap from the previous location to a new area where was more
far-flung from the capital of Japan.”
A.[E] B.[F] C.[G] D.[H]
Q37: What is the antonym of “longstanding” in paragraph 7?
A. Benevolent B. Going-concern C. The wheels turn D. Evanescent
Q38: Which is NOT the following of Casio’s products in 1980s?
A. Functional calculated stuffs C. Heavyweight electric pianos
B. Attractive Wristwatches D. Film-taken devices
Q39: How could Mr.Kashio do the trade outside Japan?
A. Open-door economy from Japan after World War II
B. Discussion with foreign investors
C. Finding one foreign country to export the products
D. Looking for one foreign country to ship Casio’s parts to manufacture
Q40: Why did Mr.Kashio want to computerize in home country?
A. Many foreign hackers stole his copyright and ideas to produce Casio products
B. Thwart from human-made mistakes in manufacturing in each layer
C. The grass is greener on the other side of the fence
D. China would overcome and control his hierarchical organization near future
Q41-50: Filling NO MORE THAN 2 WORDS OR/AND 1 NUMBER in the blank
Q41: Mr. Kashio questioned in his brain to figure out why he had never thought about
creating one …………… instead of being a salaryman.
Q42: The first invention of conductor was from ……………. in ……………
Q43: Kashio’s brothers, including him, attempted to build a……………………… by own
hands
Q44: No pain, No gain! All of them designed a first calculator with …………… to work
inside functionally in the 1950s.
Q45: Kashio used solenoids to make ……………………… flow inside the machine.
Q46: Within the modification of Japanese economy, he began introducing a ………………
device
Q47: Toshio had a new idea to establish the headquarter in …………… between urban
area and outskirt area.
Q48: There were two contributory factors that affect Casio’s innovation in high-tech:
………………… and ……………………
Q49: In the early model of table calculator, the difference of the voltage from his
product and Japanese energy supply was ……………
Q50: A flat screen for a scientific c originally made by mostly ……………… during
polymerization.
Q51-61: Filling NO MORE THAN 1 WORD AND/OR 1 NUMBER in each blank on the
diagram with suitable word formation.