A DETAILED LESSON PLAN ON ADDING AND SUBTRACTING OF POLYNOMIALS

FOR GRADE 7 STUDENTS

By Lovely Care M. Baclaya

I. Learning Objectives

Students will be able to:

Cognitive: Understand the characteristics of a polynomial.

Psychomotor: Add, subtract and combine polynomials with like terms

Affective: Appreciate the use of adding and subtracting of polynomials in real life situation.

Learning Content

Topic: Adding and Subtracting of Polynomials

Skill: Demonstrate understanding of the rules for adding and subtracting polynomials.

References: Math World by Lady Angela M. Rocena, Haidee P. Rosete and

Luzviminda M. Sibbaluca

Materials: Laptop, PowerPoint, Visual Aids.

Value Integration: Active participation, cooperation, collaboration and critical thinking.

II. Learning Experience

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

A. Preliminary Activities
“Good afternoon, class!” Good afternoon, Ma’am.”

Okay! Kindly settle yourself and

arrange your chair and sit properly. (students will follow)

Anyway, I’m Ma’am Care and

starting today I will be your teacher in this Yes Ma’am!
subject. I hope you will lend your ears to me
as I’ll discuss to you our next topic.

But before that kindly fill up this one

according to your seat plan and that will serve (Students will follow)
as your attendance.

.
1. Drill

Before we proceed to the new topic.

Let’s have an activity first.
 Tell me if the expression is like terms
or unlike terms.

1. 7xy + 15xy 1. Like Terms

2. 3x2y + 3xy2 2. Unlike Terms
3. 18ab2c + ab2c 3. Like Terms
4. Unlike Terms
4. 20h4j3k2 + 21h4j3k3

Very good, class!

2. Review
Based in our activity, for you, what is the Students will raise his hands
definition of Like Terms?

Like terms are terms whose variables are the

same. In other words, terms that are "like" each
other.

Yes, that’s right!

And obviously, Unlike Terms are the

terms whose variables are not the same.

What happen if the variables are not the

same? Just like in number 4: Student will raise his hand.
20h4j3k2 + 21h4j3k3 “It will remain the same and you can’t add it.”

Very good!

How about if it has the same variables?

Just like this: 18ab2c + ab2c Student will raise his hand.
“We can add it and it will become 19 ab2c”
That’s right!

3. Motivation

Okay, class. I have a question for

you and it is only answerable by “Yes or Yes, ma’am
No”. But, it is a little bit tricky, so I want you
all to listen very carefully. Understood?

Okay, here we go. Yes!

Sally died. Did she die?
Yes!
Okay, very good. Again, Sally died. Did
she die?
(students will react)
No.
 Yes!
Again, Sally died. Did she die?
(students will react)
No. See? You didn’t listen. I told you
earlier that to listen very carefully.
No!
Again, I want you all to listen very
carefully. Sally died. Did she die?
(student will react again)
Yes. You didn’t listen, class.
Yes!
Okay, Last one. Sally died. Did she die?
Ma’am, we are very confused.
No.

I know, that’s why you need to listen very Yes, ma’am.

carefully. As I will discuss our topic today,
you have to listen very carefully so that the
thing you feel right now like frustration and
being confuse will not happen again. Did you
understand?

B. Development of the lesson

1. Presentation

Our topic for today is about Adding and

Subtracting Polynomials.

Addition is about combining like quantities.

This fundamental idea will make adding
polynomials easy.

For example, to find the sum of 2x + 1 and

5x + 7, we can write

(2x + 1) + (5x + 7)

Okay, class. After that what to do next in Student will raise his hand
order to find out the sum of the two
expression. We apply distributive property of multiplication
over addition, ma’am!

That’s correct! But class, what is the The distributive property states that multiplying
meaning of Distributive Property of a sum by a number gives the same result as
Multiplication? multiplying each addend by the number and
then adding the products together.

Very good! In other words, it is when

you multiply a number by a sum.
 Since, the coefficient of both (2x + 1) and
(5x + 7) is 1 and we will have

(2x + 1) + (5x + 7) = 2x + 1 + 5x + 7

We have removed the groupings symbols

to have single polynomials. Then, this is the
time that we combined like terms.

2x + 1 + 5x + 7 = 7x + 8

Hence, the sum of 2x + 1 and 5x + 7 is 7x + 8

None, ma’am.
Any questions?

Let’s have another example:

2(6x – 3y) + (15x - y)

Apply Distributive Property of Multiplication!
What is the first thing to do in that problem?

12x – 6y + 15x – y
Yes, that’s correct. So, we have?

Next step is combining like terms. So what is 12x – 6y + 15x – y = 27x – 7y

the answer, class?

Very good.
We may also add polynomials by writing
the addends vertically such that like terms are
aligned or in the same column.

For example;

(4a2b – 2ab – ab2) + (-6a2b + 8ab – 9ab2)

Adding vertically,
4a2b – 2ab – ab2
+ -6a2b + 8ab – 9ab2
-2a2b + 6ab – 10ab2
Okay, ma’am.
If you find this way easier, you can use
this.

Now, let’s proceed to Subtracting

Polynomials. Actually, subtracting is just the
same as adding the inverse of the subtrahend.
For example, to find the difference of
5x + 7 and 3x2 + 2, we can write:
2

(5x2 + 7) - (3x2 + 2)
 Student will raise his hand.
Who wants to answer it on the board?
(5x2 + 7) - (3x2 + 2)
Take note, class. The same process in = 5x2 + 7 - 3x2 – 2 Distributive Property
adding the polynomials. Whether it is in = 2x2 + 5 Combine like terms
vertical or horizontal method.
Vertical Method:
5x2 + 7 5x2 + 7
- (3x2 + 2) - 3x2 - 2
2x2 + 5

Yes, ma’am.
Is it correct, class?

Yes, hence, the difference of 5x2 + 7 and

3x + 2 is 2x2 + 5.
2

2. Fixing Skills
Let’s have some exercises, class.
Kindly solve this on your seats and after that
I’ll call somebody to show the solution on the
board.

Perform the indicated operations.

1. (11p2q – 2r3) – 2(3p2q + pqr – 2r3)
1. (11p2q – 2r3) – 2(3p2q + pqr – 2r3) = 11p2q – 2r3 - 6p2q - 2pqr + 4r3
= 5p2q - 2pqr + 2r3

Vertical Method:
11p2q – 2r3 11p2q – 2r3
– 2(3p2q + pqr – 2r3) - 6 p2q - 2pqr + 4r3
5 p2q - 2pqr + 2r3

2. (6x2 – 5x + 2) + (7x2 – 4)
2. (6x2 – 5x + 2) + (7x2 – 4) = 6x2 – 5x + 2 + 7x2 – 4
= 13x2 – 5x – 2

Vertical Method:
6x2 – 5x + 2
+ 7x2 –4
13x – 5x – 2
2

3. 5(x2 + x + 1) + 2(-x2 – x – 1)
3. 5(x2 + x + 1) + 2(-x2 – x – 1) = 5x2 + 5x + 5 - 2x2 -2x – 2
= 3x2 + 3x + 3

Vertical Method:
5(x2 + x + 1) 5x2 + 5x + 5
+ 2(-x2 – x – 1) - 2x2 - 2x – 2
3x2 + 3x + 3
Let’s give them a round of applause, class.
Good job!

3. Generalization
First, apply distributive property of
In adding and subtracting polynomials, multiplication. Second, combine like terms.
what are the steps you need to do in
answering the problem?
The answers of the students will vary.
For you, what method is much easier to
use?

Okay, class. I have a life quote that I

want to share with you all. As I scroll in my
Facebook newsfeed, I have found this and it
is:

“Mathematics may not teach us how to

add love of subtract hate but it teaches us that
every problem has a solution.”

C. Application

The perimeter of a triangle is 39x – 7.

Two of the sides have the following lengths:
9x and 10x + 1. What is the length of the
third side?

Solution:

P = 39x – 7

Since the third side is missing, normally we

put it a “?” but in mathematics we replace it
in a variable form.
Transpose the 10x + 1 + 9x in to the left side.
39x – 7 = 10x + 1 + 9x + y

How can you solve it?

Yes, very good!

 39x – 7 – 10x – 1 – 9x = y
y = 20x - 8

Let’s check it, first:

y =20x - 8

39x – 7 = 10x + 1 + 9x + y
39x – 7 = 10x + 1 + 9x + 20x – 8
39x – 7 = 39x - 7

Hence, the third side is 20x – 8.

IV. Evaluation

Instruction: Solve the following.

1. Add 18x2y + 5xy + 14xy2 to 7x2y – 20xy - 3xy2

2. Subtract 2x3 + 3x2y2 – 4y3 from 5x3 + 3y3
3. A quadrilateral has sides with lengths 7x, 12x – 5, 9 and 3x + 2. What is the perimeter of
the quadrilateral?

V. Assignment

1. Add (4a2b – 3ab + ab2) to the difference of (-5a2b + 7ab2) and (a2b + 5ab2)