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Lect 2 cvg4150 Revised PDF
Lect 2 cvg4150 Revised PDF
CVG 4150
Fall 2016
Lecture 2
Roadway Design
uOttawa.ca
uOttawa.ca
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xo xt x
1
t+
2
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55 ft
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Breaking distance
Common case of rectilinear motion is the case of a vehicle braking on a
grade (either uphill or downhill)
Distance a vehicle will travel from the point where its brakes are fully
applied to when it comes to a complete stop
It is affected by the original speed of the vehicle, the type of brake system
in use, and the coefficient of friction between its tires and the road surface.
It is customary to designate the braking distance, Db in the
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Breaking distance
Air Resistance
a wf cos " sin " 0
&'( )
, ,- =xcos "
*
+
1
2 α Normal Force
Weight
,-
2. /
(Uphill) X
G=tan " Y
,-
W cos α
2. /
(Downhill)
α N=W cos α
W
f = 0.6 for dry, f = 0.3 for wet
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Breaking distance
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88 ft
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1
v
2
c 1 2
45657859 :8;8565 ∶
( 0 8= :85>5 1
?
Norm9 :8;8565 ∶ 2
@
1 2
(ρ B7C> 8. :C=C=6 8. D6 ;D 3
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Curvilinear motion
For a horizontal roadway cross section, the only forces in the normal direction
is due to the side friction
Banking or superelevation – components of vehicle’s weight increase the
resistance to the sliding tendency.
Details of design of superelevation will be discussed in ‘Geometric Design of
Highways’ section.
R A A
n β
c A A
F W
W
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Curvilinear motion
E
E sin F .G E cos F 2 sin F 2 cos F cos F
B
y
divided by Wcosβ
x
an= v2/R 6 .G 1 .G 6
F= fs N B
Wx= W sin β Wy= W cos β 6 tan F
.G :86..7:765 8. >76 .=7:785
β W 6.G 0 .8= H;7:9 D7DH
N
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(β)
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Relative motion
Motion of one particle in relation to another
RB/A = position vector of B with respect to the moving particle A.
y
=I =J =I/J
y A
I J I/J x
RA
z RB/A
I J I/J B
x RB
z
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v = -5 mph
a = -16 ft/s2
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Expected
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