Reading Explorer 2nd - Wordlist - Level 2

READING EXPLORER 2ND_LEVEL 2
UNIT 1 Food and Health
1A Sweet Love
Word Meaning (K) Meaning (E) Sentence Page
Drug addiction can cause a serious health
a strong and harmful need to problem.
addiction noun 중독 regularly have something or do p. 9
something Many scientists believe our love of sugar
may actually be an addiction.
The drug has some bade side effects.
a substance that is used as a
drug noun 약 (물) medicine or a harmful substance In this way, it is in fact an addictive drug, p. 9
that people take for pleasure one that doctors recommend we all cut
down on.
Can you recommend a good restaurant?
to advise somebody to do
recommend verb 추천하다 In this way, it is in fact an addictive drug, p. 9
something
one that doctors recommend we all cut
down on.
You need to cut down on smoking.
phrasal
cut down on 줄이다 to reduce In this way, it is in fact an addictive drug, p. 9
verb
one that doctors recommend we all cut
down on.
Gasoline powered cars are usually more
efficient than electric cars.
doing something well without
efficient adj. 효율적인 p. 9
waste of time, money, or energy Early humans often had very little food, so
our bodies learned to be very efficient in
storing sugar as fat.
There are many animals storing up food
for the winter.
to keep something somewhere
store (storing) verb 저장하다 p. 9
for future use Early humans often had very little food, so
our bodies learned to be very efficient in
storing sugar as fat.
It was obvious that the boy wasn’t healthy.
obvious adj. 명확한 easy to see or understand p. 9
It’s obvious that we need to eat less sugar.
I bought the TV as advertised in the
catalogue.
advertise
verb 광고하다 to be the cause of p. 9
(advertised) Some manufacturers even use sugar to
replace taste in foods that are advertised
as low in fat.
The college has special facilities for
disabled students.
facility buildings or equipment that is
noun 시설, 설비 Other schools are growing their own food p. 9
(facilities) built for a particular purpose
in gardens, or building facilities like
walking tracks so students and others in
the community can exercise.
battle noun 전투, 싸움 a determined effort that His battle with alcoholism lasted many p. 9
somebody makes to solve a years.
1
difficult problem or succeed in a

difficult situation The battle has not yet been lost.
2
UNIT 1 Food and Health
1B Food for the Future

The insects will destroy the crops unless
we can kill them.
a plant or plant product that is
crop noun 농작물, 수확, p. 14
grown by farmers In another place or time, the death of a
single crop species might not have been so
important.
He became solely responsible for the
project.
오로지, 단독 only; without anything or anyone
solely adv. p. 14
으로 else involved
But in Ireland, in 1845, people depended
almost solely on the potato for food.
It was impossible to comprehend the full
scale of the disaster.
the size of something, especially
scale noun 규모 when compared with something p. 14
Now, some scientists are worried that such
else
a famine could happen again-but on a
much wider scale.
Cakes come in a great many varieties.
variety
noun 다양성, 종류 a type of a thing For example, in the Philippines, there were p. 14
(varieties)
once thousands of varieties of rice; now
fewer than 100 are grown there.
Some people eat sunflower seeds for
weight loss.
the small hard part produced by
seed(s) noun 씨 a plant, from which a new plant One solution to this problem is to collect p. 15
can grow and preserve the seeds of as many
different plant varieties as we can before
they disappear.
It was suggested that students need more
homework.
suggest to put forward an idea or a plan
verb 제안하다 p. 15
(suggested) for other people to think about
The idea was first suggested by Russian
scientist Nikolay Vavilov.
This book provides information on seven
one of the large land (such as
continents.
North America, South America,
continent(s) noun 대륙 p. 15
Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia,
In the 1920s and ‘30s, he collected around
or Antarctica) of the Earth
400,000 seeds from five continents.
There are many historic sites in Rome.
In the U.S. state of Iowa, Diane Ott

역사상 중요 having great and lasting
historic adj. Whealy wanted to preserve historic plant p. 15
한 importance
varieties, like the seeds her great-
grandfather brought to the U.S from
Germany more than a hundred years ago.
marketplace noun 시장 the world of trade or economic The company must do everything to p. 15
activity survive in a rapidly changing
marketplace.
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By doing this, they are reintroducing foods

into the marketplace that haven’t been
grown for years.
This fruit has an unusual flavor.
flavor noun 맛, 향, 풍미 a particular type of taste p. 15
These food species are not just special in
terms of appearance or flavor.
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UNIT 2 Our Bond with Animals
2A Song of the Humpback

The cat enjoys leaping into the air.
leap 건너 뛰다. 도
verb to jump high They can often be seen breaching, or p. 23
(leaping) 약하다 leaping out of the water, and then coming
down with a great splash.
Mary drank alcohol even though she was
aware that she was pregnant.
knowing or understanding
aware adj. 알고 있는 When swimming with the whale, p. 24
something
Chadwick could see that the whale was
aware of him, but not alarmed by his
presence.
I was alarmed when I found out that the
test was going to be given today and not
tomorrow.
sudden anxiety and fear that
alarmed adj. 겁먹은 something dangerous or p. 24
When swimming with the whale,
unpleasant might happen
Chadwick could see that the whale was
aware of him, but not alarmed by his
presence.
The cat curiously looked around the
corner when he heard the plate fall.
interested in learning about people
curiously adverb 호기심에서 p. 24
or things around you
The 13-meter-long giant looked him over
curiously, but never harmed him.
This math problem is too complex for me
to solve by myself.
involving a lot of different but
complex adj. 복잡한 p. 24
related parts Humpback whale songs can be long and
complex, sometimes lasting for 30
minutes or more.
It is unknown when I will be able to
return to my hometown.
알려지지 않
unknown adverb not known or familiar p. 24
은 Darling says that only male humpbacks
sing, but for unknown reasons.
All these jobs can be done by one single
person.
single adj. 하나의 only one They may also be like hit tunes on the p. 24
radio, changing over time-from one year
to the next, or even over a single breeding
season.
The hotels are always full during the
holiday season.
a period of time during a year
season noun 시기 when a particular activity happens They may also be like hit tunes on the p. 24
or is done radio, changing over time-from one year
to the next, or even over a single breeding
season.
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The children seemed to interact well

together after being left alone in the
상호작용하다 playroom.
interact
verb (서로) 영향을 to communicate with or react to p. 24
(interacting) Another member of the research team,
끼치다 photographer Flip Nicklin, recalls a
special moment he had while interacting
with a humpback.
I thought she had finished her homework,
but apparently she hasn’t’.
according to the way something
apparently adv. 명확히 p. 24
appears
Apparently, the urge to understand a
different species goes both ways.
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UNIT 2 Animals and Language
2B Dogs in a Human World

Mom told me I always have to take out the
garbage before I go to sleep at night.
waste material or unwanted Our interactions may have begun when

garbage noun 폐물, 쓰레기 p. 30
things that you throw away wolves came close to our homes, attracted
by the smell of human garbage, or
humans found wolf puppies and trained
them to be loving pets.
A new selection of clothes would be
available in the store by early next week.
when someone or something is
selection noun 선발, 선택 p. 30
chosen Today, by means of the careful selection
of dog parents, humans have created many
different breeds of dog.
The various talents of professional
a natural ability to be good at musicians are just amazing.
talent(s) noun 재능 p. 30
something
Each breed has its own look and talents.
This machine can track the storm.
to find something especially by
track verb 추적하다 following the marks or A beagle is good for this type of work p. 31
information because of its powerful nose, and ability to
track smells.
My vacation got off to a bad start when the
airline lost my luggage.
the bags that you take with you
luggage noun 수하물 p. 31
when you are traveling They alert officers to illegal fruits,
vegetables, and other foods in luggage or
in mail.
All donated food items were delivered to
the nursing home.
donate to give something to someone
verb 선발, 선택 p. 31
(donated) who needs it Some of the dogs are donated by private
owners; others were rescued from animal
shelters.
All tornado survivors were rescued by
firefighters.
rescue
verb 구조하다 to save someone from danger p. 31
(rescued) Some of the dogs are donated by private
owners; others were rescued from animal
shelters.
The teacher told her students that anyone
who was not obedient would have to see
the principal.
순종하는, 고 doing what you have been told to
obedient adj. p. 31
분고분한 do by someone
Many of these pampered pets spend their
days playing, learning to be obedient, or
even going to yoga (or doga) classes.
affection noun 애정, 애착 a feeling of liking and caring for She shows great affection for her child. p. 31
someone or something
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Whether as workers or objects of

affection, dogs have become beneficial to
humans in many ways.
You will have plenty of time to finish your
test.
the state of having enough of
plenty noun 충분 p. 31
the things
There are plenty of advantages for the
dog, too.
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UNIT 3 History Detectives
3A Was King Tut Murdered?

My uncle lives in a big house filled with
luxurious furniture.
luxurious adj. 호화로운 very comfortable and expensive p. 39
After his death, the body of King Tut (as
Tutankhamen is usually known today) was
placed in a luxurious, gold-filled tomb.
The man was sentenced to death for the
murder of an entire family.
the crime of intentionally killing
murder noun 살인 Although we now know a lot about his p. 39
someone
life, the reason for King Tut’s death at
such a young age has remained a mystery,
with murder the most extreme possibility.
Some cosmetic companies are now
offering free samples through their
websites.
offer
verb 제공하다 to provide or supply (something) p. 39
(offering)
Now, improved X-ray technology and
DNA testing are offering new clues into
the life and death of the boy-king.
I attached the receipt to the shopping bag
when I left the store.
attach 붙이다, 접착
verb to fasten, join or connect When he and his team then attempted to p. 39
(attached) 하다 remove King Tut’s mummy, they found
that it had become attached to its solid
gold coffin.
The officials conducted a series of tests
before they turned on the power plant.
conduct 수행하다, 행 to organize and perform a
verb p. 40
(conducted) 동하다 particular activity In 1968, archeologists conducted an
examination of King Tut’s mummy using
simple X-ray technology.
Most athletes will miss a game or two
physical harm or damage to because of an injury.
injury noun 상해, 손상 someone's body caused by an p. 40
accident or an attack Some guessed the damage was caused by
a war injury or an accident.
Some people believe that drugs are not
effective against cancer.
effective adj. 효과적인 producing a successful result In 2005, scientists under the direction of p. 40
Egyptian archeologist Zahi Hawass used
new and more effective X-ray technology
to study the mummy.
rule out phrasal 제외하다 to exclude a possibility Police have not ruled out the possibility p. 40
(ruled out) verb that the man was murdered.
While this ruled out one theory, that of

murder, it still doesn’t tell us exactly how
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he died.
The detective analyzed the crime scene
before letting anyone else near it.
analyze to examine something in detail in
verb 분석하다 p. 40
(analyzed) order to discover more about it
Then, in 2008, Hawass and his team
analyzed Tut’s DNA.
Young children are especially vulnerable
to food poisoning.
easily hurt or harmed physically,
vulnerable adj. 취약한 p. 40
mentally, or emotionally
The DNA they passed on to Tut may have
left him highly vulnerable to disease.
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UNIT 3 History Detectives
3B Who Killed the Iceman?

We will be able to go ice skating when the
lake has frozen over.
freeze 얼다, 얼어붙 if something is frozen, its
verb p. 46
(frozen) 다 temperature is below 0°C In 1991, high in the mountains of Europe,
hikers made a gruesome discovery: a dead
man partly frozen in the ice.
His blood test indicated the possible
presence of cancer.
indicate 암시하다, 나 to show that something is
verb p. 46
(indicated) 타내다 possible or likely
Carbon dating indicated that the man died
over 5,300 years ago.
Because Bob didn’t go to a university, the
a person who does unskilled only job he could find was a laborer.
laborer noun 노동자 p. 46
physical work
His arms were not the arms of a laborer.
The look on your face implies that you
didn’t think the movie was very good.
imply 함축하다, 의 to communicate an idea or
verb p. 46
(implies) 미하다 feeling without saying it directly
This was a valuable tool in Otzi’s time and
implies that he was a wealthy man.
The wealth of my family enabled us to
live in a huge house and drive an
a large amount of money or
expensive car.
wealth noun 부, 재산 valuable possessions that p. 46
someone has
This was a valuable tool in ötzi’s time and
implies that he was a wealthy man.
The strong wind enabled me to run the
fastest 100-meter race of my life.
to make someone able to do
enable 할 수 있게
verb something or to make something p. 46
(enabled) 하다 possible
And the food he ate and carried enabled
scientists to deduce exactly where in Italy
he lived- a village down in the valley.
Doctors were able to deduce what was
wrong with me just by asking me where I
to reach an answer or a decision hurt.
deduce verb 추론하다 by thinking carefully about the p. 46
known facts And the food he ate and carried enabled
scientists to deduce exactly where in Italy
he lived- a village down in the valley.
Because of the bad weather, it is
debatable whether we will arrive home on
논쟁의 여지 something that is not clear or
debatable adj time. p. 46
가 있는 possibly not true
But these ideas were highly debatable.
The teenage boy cruelly teased his
younger sister.
extremely unkind and unpleasant
cruelly adverb 잔인하게 p. 47
to people or animals
In fact, the newest scientific information
indicates ötzi was cruelly murdered.
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There was a family of cats living beneath

my trailer.
in a lower position than
beneath prep …밑에 In June 2001, an X-ray of the body
p. 47
something else; under something
showed a small dark shape beneath ötzi’s
left shoulder.
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UNIT 4 Traditions and Rituals
4A Bride of the Sahara

Jennifer spent more than six months to
plan her perfect wedding.
a ceremony at which two people
wedding noun 결혼 p. 55
are married to each other The Tuareg bride, Assalama, sits silently
as relatives and helpers make sure her hair
is perfect for the wedding.
The earthquake survivors were reunited
with their families a month after an
earthquake hit the city.
to bring people together again
reunite
verb 재회하다 especially after they have been p. 55
(reunited) The Tuareg are nomads, and it was only by
apart for a long time
chance that she was reunited with her 25-
year-old cousin Mohamed a month
earlier.
The success of immigrants in the U.S.
demonstrates that everybody can be
successful if they work hard.
증명하다, 나 to show something clearly to
demonstrate verb p. 55
타나다 others
He asked for her hand and she said “yes,”
giving him a piece of jewelry to
demonstrate her acceptance.
My mother has never approved of me
quitting school and joining the circus.
approve 허가하다, 인
adverb to officially agree to a plan p. 55
(approved) 정하다 Their families approved, and wedding
plans began.
People used to kill animals during a
religious ceremony.
a formal event that is a part of a
ceremony noun 의식 p. 55
social or religious occasion Following Tuareg traditions, the marriage
ceremony is performed at a mosque in the
presence of only the couple’s parents.
Desert tents come in various sizes and
shapes.
a shelter that is used outdoors, is
tent(s) noun 텐트 p. 55
made of large cloth For a week, some 500 guests enjoy camel
races, sing, and eat rice, dates, and roasted
meat in tents under the Saharan stars.
Before going to sleep, Sharon wraps the
to cover or enclose something two gifts that she bought her husband.
wrap
verb 감싸다 with paper, cloth or other p. 55
(wraps)
material Mohamed wears an indigo tagelmust, a
cloth that wraps his head and face.
In most countries, a white dove is a
symbol of peace.
a sign, shape or object which is
symbol noun 상징 p. 55
used to represent something else
It is also a symbol of purity, reserved for a
man’s first marriage.
reserve verb 준비해 두다 to keep something for a Barry reserved two seats for tomorrow’s p. 55
(reserved) particular purpose or time football game.
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It is also a symbol of purity, reserved for a

man’s first marriage.
April is always very jealous of her
boyfriend so she never leaves him alone.
unhappy and angry because
jealous adj. 시기하는 someone has something or p. 55
Assalama and Mohamed are never left
someone you want or love
alone, for fear they might be harmed by
jealous jinns.
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UNIT 4 Traditions and Rituals
4B The Changing Face of Kung Fu

Our company president will hold a series
of meetings with the investors from
different countries.
a number of things or events that
series noun 시리즈, 일련 are arranged or happen one after According to legend, in the fifth century, p. 60
the other an Indian master taught some monks at the
Shaolin Temple a series of exercises, or
forms, inspired by the movements of
animals.
A series of movies, inspired by tales from
classical Chinese literature, became very
popular.
inspire to give someone an idea about
verb 영감을 주다 According to legend, in the fifth century, p. 60
(inspired) what to do
an Indian master taught some monks at the
Shaolin Temple a series of exercises, or
forms, inspired by the movements of
animals.
A patented invention can form the basis
for a new business.
a fixed pattern or system for
basis noun 기준, 토대 p. 60
doing something
These forms became the basis for the style
of fighting known as kung fu.
Joseph was convicted last month of
second-degree murder, despite his claims
the act of protecting yourself of self-defense.
self-defense noun 정당방위 p. 60
during an attack
Over 16 centuries, the monks have used
kung fu for self-defense and in war.
All employers should follow steps to
ensure their safety.
ensure verb 보장하다 to make sure or safe p. 60
Others come to learn skills that will
ensure good jobs in the military or police
force.
Bad publicity can destroy a business
almost overnight.
something that attracts the
publicity noun 홍보 p. 60
attention of the public
It would have been good publicity for his
school.
Dalai Lama accepted the Nobel Peace
to receive or take (something Prize in 1989.
accept verb 받아들이다. p. 60
offered)
However, he did not accept.
Children shouldn’t watch television shows
behavior involving physical
that contain violence.
violence noun 폭력 force intended to hurt, damage, p. 60
or kill someone or something
He feels they show too much violence.
remind verb 상기시키다 to cause someone to remember Doctors tried to remind the soldiers about p. 61
someone or something life outside of war, and to bring them a
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moment of relaxation.
He has to remind his students that kung fu

was designed for fighting, not to entertain.
Susan tried to convince her parents to
travel abroad to Europe this summer.
to cause (someone) to agree to
convince verb 설득하다 p. 61
do something “It’s is hard to convince boys to spend
many years learning something that won’t
make them wealthy or famous.”
16
UNIT 5 Urban Underworlds
5A Under Paris
When the principle knocked on the door,
everyone in the class became silent.
silent adj. 고요한 not speaking or making noise p. 69
The great avenues of Paris are silent, and
the shops are closed.
Although iron is a common element, pure
iron is almost never found in nature.
a strong, hard magnetic silvery-
iron noun 철, 쇠 p. 69
grey metal
The man places the iron cover over the
hole and takes the woman’s hand.
The hike into an old mine tunnel gives
you a glimpse into the lives of old mine
workers.
tunnel(s) noun 터널 an artificial underground passage p. 69
The couple had been exploring the tunnels
beneath the city.
Britain occupied the island of Hong Kong
for 56 years.
occupy to take control of a place or a
verb 점령하다 p. 69
(occupied) country by military conquest When the Romans occupied Paris, they
cut out stone from deep within the earth to
build their city and make sculptures.
The island has amazing cave temples cut
deeply into the rock, featuring sculptures
a piece of art that is made by preserved since the seventh century A.D.
sculpture(s) noun 조각, 조형물 carving or molding cay, stone, p. 69
metal, etc. When the Romans occupied Paris, they cut
out stone from deep within the earth to
build their city and make sculptures.
No audio and video capture is permitted
at the conference.
Once used for growing mushroom,

permit to allow (someone) to do or have burying the dead, or as hiding places
verb 허가하다 p. 70
(permitted) something during wartime, today they are mostly
forgotten, except by “cataphiles”- people
who love to go down into the tunnels
below Paris, even though it’s actually not
permitted.
The trend of carrying a water bottle has
become increasingly popular in recent
something that is currently years.
trend noun 유행 p. 70
popular or fashionable
Exploring the underground city first
became a trend in the 1970s and ‘80s.
entrance(s) noun 입구 an opening, such as a door, Angry people blocked the entrance to the p. 70
passage, that allows access to a parliament building and protested for a
place. month.
It was easier to enter the tunnels then,
17
because there were many more open

entrances through forgotten doorways and
into catacombs-rooms filled with bones.
Mr. White has a temper and his children do
not dare to disobey him.
to have the courage to do However, there are still cataphiles, like the
dare verb 감히 ~ 하다 p. 70
something couple I saw that morning, and for those
who dare, the underground is an exciting
place to meet, have parties, perform for
each other, or create art.
Descending the mountain is usually more
dangerous than climbing it.
descend 내려오다, 하 to go or move from a higher to a
verb Descending into the underground through p. 71
(descending) 강하다 lower place or level
a secret entrance beneath a bridge, we
walked for hours through catacombs and
galleries of huge, bright paintings.
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UNIT 5 Urban Underworlds
5B New York’s Underside

Beauty pageants are not only a
competition, but sometimes a scholarship
opportunity for young girls.
an amount of time or a situation
opportunity noun 기회 Since I was a boy, I have always looked p. 76
in which something can be done
down open manholes with curiosity, so I
welcomed the opportunity to explore and
write about the world beneath New York
City.
Fortunately, Jack boarded the cruise ship
without his passport.
to get into or onto (an airplane, a
board(ed) verb ~에 타다 With a group of 11 “sandhog”-the p. 76
bus, a ship, etc.)
nickname for the workers who build New
York’s underground-I boarded a low,
shaky elevator lit by a single light bulb.
There were many accidents because of
slippery road conditions.
difficult to stand still because it
slippery adj. 미끄러운 is smooth p. 76
Then came the hard part, climbing another
10 meters down a long, slippery metal
ladder.
Experienced teachers know how to deal
with behavior issues in the classroom.
having skill or knowledge from
experienced adj. 경험이 많은 p. 76
doing something
An experienced sandhog earns over
$100,000 a year.
The old man sat on a bench and watched
the river flowing nicely.
flow (of a liquid, gas, or electricity)
verb 흐르다 p. 76
(flowing) move in a steady way On another trip below the city, sewer
worker Jeff Kwani showed me how the
city’s sewage is kept flowing smoothly.
A lot of concrete buildings collapsed, and
many people were killed during the
earthquake.
a building material made from a
concrete noun 콘크리트 mixture of broken stone or p. 76
Everything around us was wet and
gravel, sand, cement, and water
slippery, as we climbed carefully down 12
meters and then stopped on a narrow
concrete step.
Some movies are awful although they are
based on amazingly great books.
awful adj. 끔직한 extremely bad or unpleasant p. 77
It smelled awful.
The prisoner tried to drown himself.
물에 빠지다. to hold a person or animal under
drown verb p. 77
익사하다 water until death occurs He said if you didn’t pull yourself out,
you’d drown in the sewage.
confident adj. 자신감 있는 having a feeling that you can do The college football players seem more p. 77
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relaxed and confident this season.
something well As we move through the sewer, Kwami

seems calm and confident, but it’s still a
terrifying thought.
Before my grandfather passed away from
cancer, I joked quite often to cheer him
up.
joke to say something that are meant
verb 농담하다 p. 77
(joked) to cause laughter
Later, as we left the darkness and danger
below, Kwami joked, “See any
alligators?”
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UNIT 6 Reef Encounters
6A Cities Beneath the Sea

Immigrants have been coming to America
for many generations.
a period of about 23 to 30 years,
in which most human babies
generations noun 세대 For uncounted generations, trillions upon p. 85
become adults and have their own
trillions of tiny creatures called coral
children
polyps have lived and died, leaving
behind a substance called limestone.
The clear night sky sparkled with
countless stars.
셀 수 없는,
countless adj. too many to be counted A building material prized throughout the p. 85
많은 history of mankind, limestone was used
to construct the Great Pyramids of Egypt,
as well as countless churches and castles.
That little boy showed remarkable
performance at a TV talent show.
remarkable adj. 놀라운 unusual or surprising p. 85
Indeed, a living coral reef is remarkable,
a “city beneath the sea,” filled with a rich
variety of life.
Some plants don’t seem to need much
care and to thrive on neglect.
번창하다, 성
thrive verb to grow or develop successfully p. 85
장하다 Coral reefs thrive in warm, shallow
oceans near the equator, and are among
the world’s most colorful places.
The children are only allowed to play in
the shallow end of the pool.
having only a short distance from
shallow adj. 얕은 p. 85
the top to the bottom Coral reefs thrive in warm, shallow
oceans near the equator, and are among
the world’s most colorful places.
I was almost blinded by the brilliantly
shiny diamond ring she wore on her
finger.
찬란히, 번쩍 full of light, shining or bright in
brilliantly adverb p. 85
번쩍하게 color
Each reef is full of brilliantly colored
fish and coral forming wonderful
patterns.
Bob seems to have a negative attitude
about everything and everybody.
tending to consider only the bad
negative adj. 부정적인 p. 86
side of a situation These methods can help fishermen get a
good catch, but their negative effects on
the reefs are significant.
consumption noun 소비 to use food, fuel, energy or time, The consumption of too much alcohol p. 87
especially in large amounts can be a very dangerous thing.
The fishermen can then sell them for big

money to the aquarium market, or for
21
consumption in restaurants.
The air pollution in cities like Los
Angeles and New York is getting worse
harmful substances in the air or every year.
pollution noun 공해, 오염 p. 87
water
Another threat to a reef is water
pollution.
The new conservation policy is supposed
to protect the rare plants and animals
living in this area.
the protection of plants and If we take steps toward coral reef

conservation noun 보존 p. 87
animals conservation, it is likely that these tiny
creatures, which have survived natural
threats for millions of years, will be able
to rebuild the reefs that so much ocean
life depends on.
22
UNIT 6 Reef Encounters
6B The Truth About Great Whites

The dog began biting my leg as I walked
past him.
bite to use your teeth to cut into
verb 물어뜯다 p. 92
(biting) something or someone He looked down and was terrified to see a
great white shark biting the front of his
board.
The audience cried out in horror during
the final scene of the movie.
an extremely strong feeling of
horror noun 공포, 전율 p. 92
fear and shock In his horror and confusion, he waved his
arms and accidentally cut two of his
fingers on the shark’s teeth.
The confusion began when the student
began shouting at the teacher and running
a situation, often with a lot of around the classroom.
confusion noun 혼동, 혼란 activity and noise, in which p. 92
people do not know what to do In his horror and confusion, he waved his
arms and accidentally cut two of his
fingers on the shark’s teeth.
I have categorized all of my DVDs by the
type of movies they are.
categorize to put people or things into
verb 분류하다 p. 92
(categorized) groups with the same features As a result, great whites are often
categorized as “man-eaters” and thought
to hunt and kill humans.
The cost estimate that was given to me
was very inaccurate.
부정확한, 틀
inaccurate adj. not completely correct or exact p. 92
린 However, this is factually inaccurate,
since great whites rarely kill their human
victims.
Many people donated money to the
earthquake victims in China.
a person who has been attacked,
victim(s) noun 희생자 injured, or killed by someone p. 92
However, this is factually inaccurate, since
else
great whites rarely kill their human
victims.
My dad arranged his tools according to
size and we weren’t allowed to change
them.
arrange 가지런히 하 to put something in a particular
verb p. 92
(arranged) 다 order
With frightening jaws that hold around 300
teeth arranged in several rows, a great
white could very easily kill a person.
I’ve got all the tempting chocolate recipes
from my mom.
유혹하는, 매 causing an urge or desire to have
tempting adj. p. 93
력적인 something It is thought that they often mistake a
person for a seal or a sea lion-a very
tempting snack to a great white.
23
Scientists hypothesize that men will be

traveling to Mars in less than 20 years.
to give a possible explanation for
hypothesize verb 가정하다 Shark experts like Klimley hypothesize p. 93
something
that great whites “attack” because they are
actually curious animals that like to
investigate things.
The children were told to gather their toys
and put them away.
gather verb 모으다 to collect or obtain several things p. 93
They believe that it’s possible that great
whites use their bite not just to kill and eat,
but also to gather information.
24
UNIT 7 Sweet Scents
7A The Flower Trade

Since the boy has no parents, it would
make sense to have him live with his
to be reasonable or grandparents.
make sense verb 이치에 맞다 p. 101
comprehensible
It might make sense to think they were
grown somewhere nearby.
Saudi Arabia exports a large portion of
their oil to Western nations.
export to send goods to another country Today, thanks to airplanes and high-tech
verb 수출하다 p. 101
(exported) for sale cooling systems, even the most delicate
flower can be exported, and sold in a
florist thousands of kilometers away from
where it was grown.
Jack is so aggressive that he dominates
to have control over a place or a every conversation.
dominate
verb v. 지배하다 person or to be the most p. 101
(dominates)
important person or thing The country that dominates the world cut
flower trade is the Netherlands.
My brother and I handle all of the
marketing for our company.
handle to deal with or have
verb 다루다 p. 101
(handles) responsibility for something
It handles about 60 percent of the world’s
cut flowers.
A few non-profit organizations invest a lot
to put (money) to use, by
of money in homelessness programs.
purchase or expenditure, in
invest verb 투자하다 something offering potential p. 102
Dutch companies and the government
returns, as interest, income, or
invest a considerable amount of money in
appreciation in value
flower research.
The fire caused considerable damage to
the market.
considerable adj. 상당한 large or of noticeable importance p. 102
Dutch companies and the government
invest a considerable amount of money in
flower research.
John’s lack of height may prevent him
from becoming a great basketball player.
막다, 방해하 to stop something from Their scientists look for ways to lengthen a
prevent verb p. 102
다 happening flower’s vase life, to strengthen flowers to
prevent them from being damaged while
traveling, and also to strengthen then
natural fragrance of the flowers.
My aunt claims to have met the president,
to say that something is true or is
claim (사실을) 주장 but I don’t believe her.
verb a fact, although you cannot p. 102
(claims) 하다 prove it
“Our biggest edge is nature,” he claims.
predictable adj. 예측할 수 있 able to be foretold New technology allows predictable p. 102
weather forecasting.
25
With predictable rainy periods, and 12

는 hours of sunlight each day, Ecuador’s
roses are renowned for their large heads
and long, straight stems.
Las Vegas is renowned for its inexpensive
hotels and luxurious casinos.
renowned adj. 유명한 being famous With predictable rainy periods, and 12 p. 102
hours of sunlight each day, Ecuador’s
roses are renowned for their large heads
and long, straight stems.
26
UNIT 7 Sweet Scents
7B The Power of Perfume

Vanilla essence is usually added to cakes
to make them smell better.
a liquid that is used to add a
essence noun 본질 p. 108
flavor or smell to something
In the perfume world, an essence is a
material with its own special aroma.
Plastic can be derived from both plants
and oil.
derive 기인하다, 얻 to take or get something from
verb p. 108
(derived) 다 something else
Some are natural, and derived from
flowers and plants, for example.
I need to obtain a driver’s license before I
can drive a car.
to get something by asking for it,
obtain verb 얻다 p. 108
buying it or working for it
Others are synthetic copies of rare or
difficult-to-obtain essences.
Mr. Johnson is an authority on current
events, especially those in Asia.
Perfume authority Harry Frémont says a

authority noun 권위 an expert on a subject p. 108
good fragrance “is a balance between
naturals and synthetics. Naturals give
richness and roundness; synthetics,
backbone and sparkle.”
It is hard to save when you are on a tight
budget.
an amount of money available
budget noun 예산 for spending that is based on a p. 108
A company introducing a new scent can
plan for how it will be spent
easily run through a budget of 20 million
dollars.
The only thing displayed on the walls in
my doctor’s office was his degree.
display 전시하다, 진 to arrange something so that it In s Paris perfume store, a building of

verb p. 109
(displayed) 열하다 can be seen by the public shining stone, metal, and glass, famous
perfumes are displayed and guarded like
the works of art in the nearby Louvre
Museum.
The main entrance to the town was
guarded by the soldiers.
guard to protect someone or something In s Paris perfume store, a building of

verb 지키다 p. 109
(guarded) from being attacked or stolen shining stone, metal, and glass, famous
perfumes are displayed and guarded like
the works of art in the nearby Louvre
Museum.
distinctly adverb 뚜렷하게 clearly noticeable The distinctly colored fish only lives in p. 109
this part of the world.
Salespeople are dressed smartly in black,

and each type of perfume is sold in a
27
distinctly shaped bottle.

My parents always placed an emphasis on
honesty and politeness.
the particular importance or
emphasis noun 중요성 attention that you give to p. 109
In perfume sales, the emphasis is on
something
presentation at least as much as on the
product.
The meeting was preceded by a brief
welcoming speech.
precede to happen or come before
verb 선행하다 p. 109
(preceded) something or someone Celebrity-branded scents fill the market,
each preceded by floods of print ads and
TV appearances designed to create hype.
28
UNIT 8 Great Explorers
8A Marco Polo in China

The leader’s main objective was to stay in
power as long as he could.
based on real facts and not The Polos – Marco, his father Niccolo, and
objective noun 목적, 목표 influenced by personal beliefs or his uncle Maffeo – had been traveling for p. 117
feelings three-and-a-half years when they finally
achieved their objective – a long-awaited
meeting with the powerful Mongol leader,
Kublai Khan.
We had an informal meeting over lunch.
격식을 차리 having a friendly and relaxed Kublai Khan was surprisingly informal as
informal adj. p. 117
지 않는 quality he greeted his tired guests: “Welcome,
gentlemen! Please stand up. How’ve you
been? How was the trip?”
The students are undertaking several
experiments to test the effect of sunlight
to do or begin to do something on skin.
undertake 착수하다,
verb that will take a long time or be p. 118
(undertook) 시작하다 difficult They made themselves useful to the Khan
and undertook various missions and tasks
for him.
I want to keep a journal of my trip to Italy
and Greece.
a written record of what you
journal noun 일지 p. 118
have done each day In his travel journal, he wrote that Kublai
Khan’s palace was the greatest he had ever
seen.
Greg’s classmates admired the way he
could make friends with anyone.
to respect and approve of
admired verb 감탄하다 p. 118
someone or their behavior He admired the Khan’s recently
completed new capital, Daidu, whose
streets were “so straight and so broad.”
Sharks are perceived to be dangerous to
humans, but they rarely harm anyone.
to come to an opinion about
감지하다, 인 The city was located in what is now the
perceived verb something, or have a belief about p. 118
지하다 something
center of Beijing, and Kublai Khans’ city
planning can still be perceived in the
straight, broad streets of China’s modern
capital.
The presidential administration began
making plans for the prime minister’s visit.
the arrangements and tasks
administration noun 통치 needed to control the operation We learn from Marco Polo that, in the p. 119
of a plan or organization administration of his empire, Kublai
Khan made use of a fast and simple
message system.
mineral noun 무기질, 미네 a valuable or useful substance A healthy diet consists of eating the right p. 119
29
vitamins and minerals.

which is formed naturally in the
랄 ground; a chemical that your Marco also learned the secret of asbestos
body needs to stay healthy cloth, which is made from a mineral and
doesn’t catch fire.
The Titanic sunk on its first voyage from
Europe to North America.
a long journey, especially by
voyage noun 항해 p. 119
ship Marco continued his observations while on
the ocean voyage by way of Sumatra and
India.
Although Mary is smart, she rarely makes
a contribution to discussions in the
something that you do to help classroom.
contribution noun 기부, 공헌 produce or achieve something p. 119
together with other people It was probably the single greatest
contribution to geographic knowledge
ever made to the West about the East.
30
UNIT 8 Great Explorers
8B The Travels of Ibn Battuta

Bill’s rude behaviors show his evil
intention.
“I left Tangier, my birthplace, the 13 th of

intention noun 의도 what you plan to do June, 1325, with the intention of making p. 124
the pilgrimage [to Mecca]….to leave all
my friends both female and male, to
abandon my home as birds abandon their
nests.”
If a captain abandons his ship, he is fully
responsible for the consequence of his
behavior.
버리다, 떠나 “I left Tangier, my birthplace, the 13 th of

abandon verb to leave a thing or place p. 124
다 June, 1325, with the intention of making
the pilgrimage [to Mecca]….to leave all
my friends both female and male, to
abandon my home as birds abandon their
nests.”
Bill plans on living in a house in a remote
part of Texas.
describes an area, house or
remote adj. 거리가 먼 village that is a long way from Driven by curiosity, he journeyed to p. 124
any towns or cities remote corners of the Islamic world,
traveling three times as far as Marco Polo,
through 44 modern countries
Prior to coming to Korea, I lived in China
and Japan.
existing or happening before
prior adj. 이전의 p. 124
something else Prior to his adventures traveling the
world, Ibn Battuta studies in Mecca for
several years.
Even though I need a new car, I can’t
afford to finance one.
자금을 조달 to provide the money needed for
finance verb p. 125
하다 something to happen
When the sultan offered to finance a trip
to China, Ibn Battuta agreed.
Susan has had a lot of misfortune in her
life, but she is still a happy person.
misfortune noun 불운 bad luck or an unlucky event p. 125
He set off in three ships, but misfortune
struck while he was still on shore.
My dad gave me a few words of wisdom
before I left home to attend college.
knowledge that is gained by
wisdom noun 지혜 After a lifetime of incredible adventures, p. 125
having many experiences in life
Ibn Battuta was finally ordered by the
Sultan of Morocco to return home to share
his wisdom with the world.
consent verb 동의하다 to agree to do something or to Even though I was a little nervous, I still p. 125
31
consented to loan money to my best

friend.
Fortunately, he consented and wrote a

(consented) allow someone to do something
book that has been translated into
numerous languages, allowing people
everywhere to read about his unparalleled
journeys.
The contract had to be translated into
German before I could sign it.
translate to change words into a different Fortunately, he consented and wrote a

verb 번역하다 p. 125
(translated) language book that has been translated into
journeys.
His success was unparalleled in the music
industry.
Fortunately, he consented and wrote a

unparalleled adj. 비할 바 없는 better or greater than any other p. 125
book that has been translated into
journeys.
32
UNIT 9 Who We Are
9A The Teenage Brain

Word Meaning K) Meaning (E) Sentence Page
The therapist explained many children
how to deal with their problems and
to do business with a person or to stress.
phrasal
deal with 대하다 take appropriate action in a p. 133
verb
particular situation Parents, teachers, and others who deal
closely with teenagers know how difficult
the adolescent years can be.
The detectives concluded that the man
was murdered.
conclude
verb 결론짓다 to come to an end p. 133
(concluded)
Now, scientists have concluded that our
brains continue to change until age 25.
Ted Bundy became a serial killer because
he couldn’t control his impulses.
a sudden strong desire to do
impulse(s) noun 충동, 욕망 p. 133
something
Such changes make us better at balancing
impulses with following rules.
The baby boy walks slowly and clumsily.
어색하게,
clumsily adverb in a very awkward way p. 133
서투르게 But a still-developing brain does this
clumsily.
If you’re passionate about something,
then you’re more willing to take risks.
the possibility that something bad
risk(s) noun 위험 p. 134
or unpleasant will happen The studies confirm that teens are more
likely to take risks and behave in extreme
ways.
Famous people usually worked hard
without expecting reward or fame.
money or another kind of payment
reward noun 보상 that is given for something that p. 134
One way the brain does this is by
has been done
changing the way teens measure risk and
reward.
When you work out, your body releases
helpful hormones.
to let something come out of a
release verb 내보내다 Researchers found that when teens think p. 134
place
about rewards, their brains release more
of the chemicals that create pleasure than
an adult brain would.
Nurturing a child is usually a special
pleasure for a woman.
쾌락, 즐거 a feeling of happiness or
pleasure noun Researchers found that when teens think p. 134
움, 기쁨 satisfaction
about rewards, their brains release more
of the chemicals that create pleasure than
an adult brain would.
intense adj. 강렬한 very strong She has an intense dislike for her ex- p. 134
husband.
33
As such, teens have an intense need to

meet new people.
The board members didn’t realize the risk
that was involved in our new project.
to understand or become aware of
realize verb 깨닫다 p. 134
something Scientists suggest this is because as teens,
we begin to realize our peers may one
day control the world we live in.
34
UNIT 9 Who We Are
9B Seeing Double
Word Meaning (K) Meaning or Definition (E) Sentence Page
Some animal behaviors are quite genetic
and can’t be changed.
Many scientists once believed that

genetic adj. 유전적인 relating to or controlled by genes physical similarities between identical p. 139
twins are genetic, while their
personalities, intelligence, and other
differences between them are an effect of
their environment.
Those trees set the boundaries between
the two houses.
something that shows where an
boundary
noun 경계, 구분 area ends and another area p. 139
(boundaries) Now scientists are discovering that the
begins
boundaries between genetics and
environment are not so clear.
Some foreign children were adopted by a
famous actress.
adopt to take a child of other parents
verb 입양하다 p. 139
(adopted) legally as your own child Identical twins Jim Springer and Jim
Lewis were adopted as babies and raised
by different couples.
Homeless puppies were raised by the
people at the animal shelter.
raise
verb 기르다 to care for p. 139
(raised) Identical twins Jim Springer and Jim
Lewis were adopted as babies and raised
by different couples.
Sometimes your colleagues can be your
closest friends because you can share
same ideas.
colleague(s) noun 동료 a person who works with you p. 139
When psychologist Thomas Bouchard Jr.
invited the Jim twins to his lab, his
colleagues found it very hard to tell them
apart.
One way to tell months and butterflies
apart is to watch them when they are
resting.
phrasal to see a difference between two
tell apart 구분하다 p. 139
verb things When psychologist Thomas Bouchard Jr.
invited the Jim twins to his lab, his
colleagues found it very hard to tell them
apart.
After years of unhappy marriage, the actor
divorced his wife.
divorce to end marriage with (one’s
verb 이혼하다 p. 139
(divorced) spouse)
They had both married women named
Linda, and then divorced them.
severe adj. 극심한 very bad or serious Some students experience severe stomach p. 139
pain before their exams.
35
They’d both been sheriffs, enjoyed

carpentry, suffered severe headaches, and
admitted to leaving love notes around the
house for their wives.
The war prisoner admitted his guilt.
admit They’d both been sheriffs, enjoyed

verb 인정하다 to acknowledge p. 139
(admitted) carpentry, suffered severe headaches, and
admitted to leaving love notes around the
house for their wives
There are many coincidences between the
a situation in which events Lincoln and Kennedy assassinations.
coincidence(s) noun 우연(의 일치) happen at the same time in a p. 139
way that is not planned They had so much in common, it seemed
unlikely these were just coincidences.
36
UNIT 10 Global Warming
10A The Big Thaw

Brazil has hosted the FIFA World Cup
twice.
host 개최하다, 주 to be the host at (a dinner or
verb p. 147
(hosted) 최하다 reception, etc.) Although the area is less than a
kilometer long, it once hosted
international ski competitions.
The cloth will absorb spilt milk.
absorb verb 흡수하다 to suck up or take up p. 147
These rocks absorb more heat, causing
the snow to melt faster.
Once the running back got the ball, he
was virtually unstoppable.
unable to be stopped or
unstoppable adj. 막을 수 없는 p. 147
prevented from developing
The cycle seems unstoppable in the
long run.
The demand for new housing is
exceeding the supply.
exceed 초과하다, 넘 to be greater or more than
verb p. 148
(exceeding) 어서다 (something)
As climate scientist Mark Serreze puts
it, “Reality is exceeding expectations.”
Seeing my ex-girlfriend at the party was
an unexpected surprise.
to think something will not
unexpected adj. 얘기치 않은 p. 148
happen Researchers have also discovered other
unexpected processes that cause them
to melt faster.
The crack in the bathroom runs all the
way from the top of the wall to the
bottom.
a very narrow space or opening
crack(s) noun 틈 p. 148
between two things
For instance, water from melting ice
runs down cracks in the glacier and gets
between the ice and the rock below.
Lying penguins slide across the ice.
to move smoothly along a
slide verb 미끄러지다 p. 148
surface This makes it easier for the glacier to
slide into the warmer sea water.
Aaron suffered critical injuries after
being hit by a car.
As a result, millions of people in India,

critical adj. 위기의 extremely serious or dangerous p. 148
Bangladesh, Bolivia, and Peru who
depend on water from mountain glaciers
like Chacaltaya could find themselves in
a critical situation.
There will be serious consequences for
me if I don’t pass this class.
a bad result of a particular action
consequences noun 결과, 귀결 p. 148
or situation
How can we avoid these terrible
consequences?
37
The wind is going to shift from the

north to the south beginning tomorrow.
이동, 방향전 movement from one position or “We have to have a serious and
shift noun p. 148
환 direction to another immediate shift in attitude,” says Laurie
David, a producer of the movie An
Inconvenient Truth, which helped to
raise awareness of the problem.
38
UNIT 10 Global Warming
10B Last Days of the Ice Hunters

The farmers urgently needed rain or else
their crops would die.
urgently adverb 다급하게 needing attention very soon p. 154
“Haru, harru,” he calls out urgently.
Even though he committed the crime, there
was not sufficient evidence to arrest him.
sufficient adj. 충분한 enough for a particular purpose p. 154
One winter, Qaanaaq’s hunters found
themselves without sufficient food to feed
their starving dogs.
Food was being brought to feed the
starving people who lived there.
very hungry; dying because of
starving adj. 굶주린 p. 154
not having enough food One winter, Qaanaaq’s hunters found
themselves without sufficient food to feed
their starving dogs.
My grandfather owns two corporations
and wants to buy one more.
a group of companies that is
corporations noun 법인 controlled together as a single p. 154
The government responded with money,
organization
while fishing corporations assisted by
sending in fish by airplane.
Many people make a good living without
college degree.
living noun 생계 a way of earning money p. 154
“Some [of our] people have to go other
ways to make a living.”
You can pay the hotel bill when you check
out.
a statement of money owed for
bill(s) noun 청구서 His wife, Ilaitsuk, who used to go with p. 155
goods or services supplied
him on these hunting trips, has had to take
a job at a day-care center in Qaanaaq to
help pay their bills.
I don’t have the funds to buy a new TV
right now.
a sum of money saved or
funds noun 기금 p. 155
collected The government now funds job training
programs to help ice hunters find other
employment.
There were large quantities of food and
drinks at the wedding reception.
the amount or number of Quantities of valuable fish that prefer

quantities noun 양, 수량 p. 155
something warmer water are increasing, and melting
ice has uncovered some of Greenland’s
valuable natural resources – minerals,
metals, and gems.
resources noun (한 나라의) a useful or valuable possession This country’s greatest resources include p. 155
or quality of a country its people and its culture.
39
Quantities of valuable fish that prefer

warmer water are increasing, and melting
자원
ice has uncovered some of Greenland’s
valuable natural resources – minerals,
metals, and gems.
Fatal injuries can occur in a factory where
dangerous equipment is used.
a building or factory where
plant(s) noun 공장 p. 155
something is made Electric power plants, with the promise of
new jobs, may soon be built on rivers
filled by melting ice.
40
UNIT 11 Incredible Insects
11A Army Ants

I can observe the children playing in the
park from my window.
to watch carefully the way
observe verb 목격하다 something happens or the way p. 163
One of the best places to observe army
someone does something
ants is Barro Colorado, and island in a lake
created by the Panama Canal.
The new bridge linking the island to the
mainland will soon be replaced with a new
structure.
link
verb 연결하다 to join or connect p. 163
(linking)
Linking their legs together, they have the
capability to use their own bodies to form
enormous nests called bivouacs.
A bird began building a nest in my
backyard tree.
a structure built by birds or
nest(s) noun 둥지 p. 163
insects to live in Linking their legs together, they have the
capability to use their own bodies to form
enormous nests called bivouacs.
Officials are going to broaden the bridge
to allow more cars.
broaden to cause something to become
verb 넓히다 When the ants go hunting, as many as p. 163
(broadens) wider
200,000 of them leave the nest in a group
that broadens into a fan as wide as 14
meters.
Girls constitute about 55 percent of all
students in my school.
Eciton burchellii are blind and can’t see

constitute verb 구성하다 to form or make something what’s ahead of them, but they move p. 163
together in such great numbers that they
easily kill the non-army ants, insects, and
other small creatures that constitute their
prey.
Polar bears break through the ice to hunt
their main prey.
Eciton burchellii are blind and can’t see

an animal taken by a predator as
prey noun 먹이 what’s ahead of them, but they move p. 163
food
together in such great numbers that they
easily kill the non-army ants, insects, and
other small creatures that constitute their
prey.
delay noun 지체 when you have to wait longer Because of the long delay, we might miss p. 163
than expected for something to our connecting flight.
happen
When the group happens upon a break in
the path, ants immediately link legs
together and form a living bridge so that
41
the group can move forward without any

delay.
The king could always count on the
loyalty of his servants.
the quality of not changing in
loyalty noun 충성 your friendship or support of p. 163
In Japanese the word ant is written by
someone
linking two characters: one meaning
“insect,” the other meaning “loyalty.”
Pam and her fellow students are going to
describes someone who has the the museum today.
동료의, 동업
fellow adj. same job or interests as you, or is p. 163
의 in the same situation as you Indeed, individual ants are completely
loyal to their fellow ants.
Without some cooperation, we will never
be able to finish the project on time.
when you work together with
cooperation noun 협력 someone or do what they ask p. 163
They display many example of selfless
you
cooperation that, while certainly extreme,
can’t fail to win human admiration.
42
UNIT 11 Incredible Insects
11B Unexpected Beauty

In this new digital age, cell phones and
the Internet are important part of our
daily lives.
using or characterized by
digital adj. 전자제품의 p. 168
computer technology
“Digital tools let you see things you’d
never see just looking with your eyes,”
Scheer says.
I love to see the reaction of people when
I tell them that I am rich.
a feeling or an action that is a
reaction noun 반응, 태도 Sheer’s images have been displayed p. 168
direct result of something else
around the world, and one reaction is
heard everywhere: “People insist, ‘No,
that can’t be a moth,’” says Scheer.
She is credited with making the business
a big success.
credit 믿다, 신용하 to say that someone is responsible
verb One Swiss viewer credited the insects’ p. 168
(credited) 다 for something good
lovely variety to their exotic American
origin: “We don’t have such nice months
in our country,” he declared.
Most Asian people look very exotic to
western men and women.
unusual and often exciting
이국적인, 색
exotic adj. because of coming from a distant One Swiss viewer credited the insects’ p. 168
다른 country lovely variety to their exotic American
origin: “We don’t have such nice months
in our country,” he declared.
Martha declared that she would never
meet her boyfriend again.
declare to announce something publicly
verb 선언하다 p. 168
(declared) or officially
“We don’t have such nice moths in our
country,” he declared.
Parents complained about the new
teacher because of his strict discipline.
complain to say or write that you are
verb 불평하다 p. 168
(complained) unhappy or uncomfortable When the building cleaners complained,
he moved the hunt to his friend Mark
Klingensmith’s yard.
The sailors emerged from the water and
walked onto the beach.
to appear by coming out of
emerge (어둠속에서)
verb something or out from behind Then they watched as moths emerged p. 168
(emerged) 나오다 something from the darkness, flew carelessly into
the sheet, and fell into the plastic
container.
압도적인, 저 Despite overwhelming odds, my team
won the championship.
overwhelming adj. 항할 수 없 difficult to fight against p. 168
는 “The patterns were overwhelming.”
43
She lost her fight to retain control of her

company.
to keep or continue to have
retain verb 유지하다 All that information means the size of the p. 169
something
image can be increased 2,700 percent but
still retain all the details and appear
perfectly clear.
Manny congratulated me for winning
first place in the race.
congratulate
to praise someone for a special or
(congratulated verb 축하하다 p. 169
unusual achievement He can also be congratulated for making
)
a valuable contribution to the record of
moths where he lives.
44
UNIT 12 Going to Extremes
12A The Dream of Flight

These trees only grow on the side of cliff
faces.
a high, steep surface of rock,
cliff noun 절벽 Across history, many more people have p. 177
earth, or ice
died after jumping from a tower or cliff
with man-made wings that didn’t quite
work.
Jackie Robin’s stunning feats in baseball
made him a symbol of American dream.
an act or achievement that shows
feat noun 업적 p. 177
courage, strength, or skill
Flying, for humans, seemed an impossible
feat.
The refrigerator door was shut tightly.
tightly adv. 단단히 in a tight manner; firmly p. 178
I held on to the hang glider as tightly as I
could.
It was such a thrill to return home after
a sudden wave of keen emotion being away for several years.
thrill noun 흥분, 스릴 p. 178
or excitement
What a thrill!
Brian decided to call his ex-girlfriend out
of curiosity.
tow to pull (a vehicle) behind another
verb 끌다 p. 178
(tows) vehicle with a rope or chain
A small airplane tows you up 600 meters
into the air and lets you go.
You need courage and patience to fight
against tobacco companies.
the ability to do something that
courage noun 용기 you know is difficult or p. 178
After a few moments, I found the courage
dangerous
to turn the glider a little to the left, and
then a little to the right.
The car stopped because the engine was
overheating.
a machine that changes energy
engine(s) noun 엔진 p. 178
into mechanical motion
The wings he as invented for personal
flight have four small engines.
The captain hired an old man to steer his
ship.
steer to control the direction in which
verb 조정하다 p. 178
(steers) something moves
He steers them just by moving his
shoulders.
Snorkeling underwater though the coral
and fish is a fantastic experience.
fantastic adj. 멋진 extremely good p. 178
“It’s awesome, it’s great, it’s fantastic!”
motivate verb 동기부여 하 to give someone a reason for It is not easy to motivate college students p. 178
다 doing something to study hard.
Since then, he has continued to improve

his wing design, and hopes he can
45
“motivate the next generation of thinkers

to do something different … even if it
seems impossible.”
46
UNIT 12 Going to Extremes
12B Dark Descent

The average depth of the ocean is about
4267 m.
the quality of being deep;
depth noun 깊이 The team also hoped to be the first to p. 184
deepness
reach a depth of 2,000 meters (6,562 feet),
a feat compared to conquering the North
and South Poles.
Our church mission includes conquering
disease and poverty.
conquer
verb 차지하다 to gain a victory over The team also hoped to be the first to p. 184
(conquering)
reach a depth of 2,000 meters (6,562 feet),
a feat compared to conquering the North
and South Poles.
We only brought the bare necessities with
us when we went camping.
something that you need,
necessities noun 필수품 Bringing over five tons of equipment and p. 184
especially in order to live
other necessities with them, they
established underground camps along the
route.
I need to take some medicine to ease the
pain caused by my cold.
진정시키다, to make or become less severe,
ease verb And each day, they left miles of rope p. 184
덜다 difficult, unpleasant or painful
behind them to ease their return ascent and
telephone lines to communicate with
people above.
The climbers followed a steep ascent to
the top of Mount Everest.
ascent noun 등반 act of rising or mounting upward And each day, they left miles of rope p. 184
behind them to ease their return ascent
and telephone lines to communicate with
people above.
The protesters were blocked by police
to stop (someone or something) officers.
block
verb 막다 from moving through or going p. 185
(blocked)
by Here, progress was blocked by a sump- a
passage filled with water.
Many students were disappointed by low
grades.
disappoint to make (someone) unhappy by
verb 실망하다 p. 185
(disappointed) not being as good as expected Gennady Samokhin dove to the bottom but
was disappointed: “No chance to get
through,” he said.
After working hard all day, I felt
exhilarate …의 기분을 exhilarated when I jumped into the
verb very excited and happy p. 185
(exhilarated) 들뜨게 하다 swimming pool.
The team was exhilarated.
47
My car is a little out of time when I drive

fast at highways.
박자가 맞지 not keeping the set rhythm ,
out of time adj p. 185
않는 tempo, pace After nearly four weeks underground, with
supplies running low, the team was out of
time.
Although we left our home relatively
early, we were still late for the movie.
in comparison with other similar
relatively adverb 상대적으로 Four weeks later, following the path p. 185
things or with what you expect
opened by Garcia-Dils’ team, a team of
Ukrainian cavers reached the sump at
1,840 meters relatively quickly.
48

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READING EXPLORER 2ND_LEVEL 2

UNIT 1 Food and Health

difficult problem or succeed in a

UNIT 1 Food and Health

1B Food for the Future

In the U.S. state of Iowa, Diane Ott

By doing this, they are reintroducing foods

UNIT 2 Our Bond with Animals

2A Song of the Humpback

The children seemed to interact well

UNIT 2 Animals and Language

2B Dogs in a Human World

waste material or unwanted Our interactions may have begun when

Whether as workers or objects of

UNIT 3 History Detectives

3A Was King Tut Murdered?

While this ruled out one theory, that of

UNIT 3 History Detectives

3B Who Killed the Iceman?

There was a family of cats living beneath

UNIT 4 Traditions and Rituals

4A Bride of the Sahara

It is also a symbol of purity, reserved for a

UNIT 4 Traditions and Rituals

4B The Changing Face of Kung Fu

He has to remind his students that kung fu

UNIT 5 Urban Underworlds

Once used for growing mushroom,

It was easier to enter the tunnels then,

because there were many more open

UNIT 5 Urban Underworlds

5B New York’s Underside

relaxed and confident this season.

something well As we move through the sewer, Kwami

UNIT 6 Reef Encounters

6A Cities Beneath the Sea

The fishermen can then sell them for big

the protection of plants and If we take steps toward coral reef

UNIT 6 Reef Encounters

6B The Truth About Great Whites

Scientists hypothesize that men will be

UNIT 7 Sweet Scents

7A The Flower Trade

With predictable rainy periods, and 12

UNIT 7 Sweet Scents

7B The Power of Perfume

Perfume authority Harry Frémont says a

display 전시하다, 진 to arrange something so that it In s Paris perfume store, a building of

guard to protect someone or something In s Paris perfume store, a building of

Salespeople are dressed smartly in black,

distinctly shaped bottle.

UNIT 8 Great Explorers

8A Marco Polo in China

vitamins and minerals.

UNIT 8 Great Explorers

8B The Travels of Ibn Battuta

“I left Tangier, my birthplace, the 13 th of

버리다, 떠나 “I left Tangier, my birthplace, the 13 th of

consented to loan money to my best

Fortunately, he consented and wrote a

translate to change words into a different Fortunately, he consented and wrote a

Fortunately, he consented and wrote a

UNIT 9 Who We Are