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AS 2853-1986 Enclssures - Temperature-controlled - Performance testing and grading

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published on 3 March 1986.

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 AS 2853-1 986

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PUBLISHED BY STANDARDS AUSTRALIA

(STANDARDS ASSOCTATTON OF AUSTRAL tA)
1 THE CRESCENT, HOMEBUSH, NSW2140
tsBN 0 7262 4ffi9I
 AS 2853-1986 2

PREFACE

This standard was prepared by thc Association's Comrnittee on Environmental Testing

Procedures. It is based on a dratt preparerl by a Workrug Grorip spoil$orcd by the
National Association of Testing ALrthorities (NATA) following a seminar rvhich had
4
c\ demonstrated the need for such a standard. Acknowlecigement is made of the assistancc
cf)
l.* receivcd frorl this sourcc.
t"-
(.)
O
This standard describes a test procedure that establishes the temperature pcrformancc
characteristics of temperature controlled enclosurcs for use throughout industry, and
o
ii a grading system that cla,.q,sifie-s perfonrance levels oi enclosures. The proceelrire
= applies to the unloaded condition under either steady-state or dynamic modes of
E
o operation. lt takes no account of other enclosure charzrctcristics.
o-
.v. Standard sensors are reconrlnended for three broad categories ofusage ofenclosnres.
o
B Both sensors and categories of use are describecl in detail but fbr applications whcre
c)
C snoh sensors are considered unsuitable an alternative scnsor may be adopted provided
C
o that it can be derronstrated to have an ccluivalent or better response-tinre characteristic
tu
a under the state<i conditicns.
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13
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o CONTENTS
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Page
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1 Scope . 3
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.9
2 Referenced l)ocuments 3

ii) Detinition-<
:
a
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4 Notation ;
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o 5 Test Requirements 4
a
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o- 6 Test Procedures 6
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a 7 Enclosure Performance Assessment 1
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Q Tactl)nnrrrrrantoti,'- 8

N 9 Grading of Enclosures . . 8
a
:o) APPENDIX A. INTERPRETATION oF TEh,IPELA.TT-IRE SPECIF]CATIONS l0
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o Usets of Standards are remincled that copyright subsists .in a[] Stardards Austraiia publications and sofiware. Exoe'pt lvhcre lhe
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c reproduoed, stored in a retrieval system in any fornr or transmitted by any means u,ithout prior pemrission in writing lront
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Standanls Austmlia. Permission nray be conditional on an appropriatt) roSalty payment. Requests tor pennission and infonlation or
coutmercial software r:oyalties should be directed to the head olTice of Standards Australia.
=o
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Standards Australia will permit up ro 10 percert olthe technical content pages ofa Standard to lre oopled for use
e,rclusively iri-house by pun:hascrs ofthc Standard without paynent of a royalty or adv:ice to Srandards Arstralia-
a
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o Standards Auslraliawillalso permitthe rnclusion olirs copyright material incornputcr sofirvarc prograills fbrno royally
.o pa)'ficn1 provided such programs are used exolusively ia-house by the creators ofthe progranrs.
-J
Car-e shouid be Laken 1() ensure tha'r malcriirl used is lrom ihe ourrerri ediiion c,lihe Stanciard atrd thai ii is updaied wherievcr thc
Slandard is anieuded or revised. The nun,ber and date ofthe Standard should th*reiore bc clearly identified-
The use o1'material in print lbrm or in computer sofirvarc prograllls to be usr:d commercially, with or rvirhout paymont, or io
commerciai contracts is sudecl to the payment of a royalty. This policy rnay be varied by Standards Auslralia at any time.
 1 as 2853-1986

STANDARDS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA

Australian Standard
for
E NC LOSU R ES-TEMP ERAT U RE.CO NT RO LLED_P ER FO RMAN C E T ESTI NG
i
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AND GRADING
(a
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o I SCrlpF Tlris <lrn,{ard c,.lc nrrt ,r lncl nr,\i.n.{rrr. t I 7 Lt)i,,,roi tDttlr,n'-ntttrlr-f^rrrnprrnrrn i-,{i-
".
t for establishing the basic temperature performance cated by an instrunrent that is associated lvith the
Q)

ss characteri sti cs of temperatrrre-control lcd en closures enclosure f,or the pllrpose of indicating and;'or recorrl-
o for use throughout industry. ing the telrperature rvithin the enclosure.
Y It applies soiely to the dctenninntion of such charac- 3.1.8 Inslallation sensor temperature--t$mperaturc
o
teristics in the rinloaded condition under either of any sensor associated with cach indicator andror
=
c steady-state or dynamic operation. controller when rneasured in accordance r,vith
C
o No account is iaken ot othcr enclosurc cbaracterislics, LIAILD! J,J..:\U',
0)
a such as humidity. airflow and rvall emissivity, which
f 3.1.9 Tenperahtre r.ailge--difference betrveen the
o rnay also be controlled or specificd. A grading systerr maxirnum and nlinimum values of a set of tempera-
c that classifies enclosure performance levels is incor-
o tures.
E
f porated in this standard.
.E 3J.fi n{id-rdnge ralue half the sum of thc rna.xi-
.a The procedrire is applicable to ali tsmperature con- mum and minirnum r.alues of a sct of tempcratrues.
lf,
trriiled ciiclusures, regardless of sizc, teriip*raaur-
($
o
o) range, nrode of operaiion, method of corstruction.
3.L11 Contrlol setlirg-r'alue to which any
o adjustable conh-ol fr"rnction or inpr,rt, accessible to the
type or purpos€.
a operator, has been set and refers to all functions that
C
2 REI,ERENCED DOCUIIENTS. The lbllowing afftct control action such as sct tcmpcrature. propor-
o standards are r€ferred to in this standard; tional band. reset ard rate. if applicable.
o
o
c
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AS 1514 Olossary of Tenns Used in Iltetroiogy
-l n"''rc
3.f .f 2 Unt:ertainl,*-estimated arnount by rviriclt thc
_-!--,t-^-r
O Dart ! 1l^.r"al onrl I-\^fi.iti^-. ^t- ^_--.^l
\r'i\Li ^_- fiiiL'iii.ii\jti
vLri til -.^t--^ -..^_-.:.-. _--^,.
^c^fl qiiAlliit)
\iiiU\.; (ri
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AS 1965 The Measurement of Surface Roughncss from the truc value.
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with Direct-readiag Styius E,lectronic 3. 1. 1 3 Si,.s/e tna ii c tr nc ert a i.n t.y-ttpprr li rnit placeci ou
o
a
lnstruments the diffcrencs betwecn the actriai temperature of the
o
o 3 DEFINITIONS. For the purpose of this standard. installation serlsor and its value measured usirrg a
q)
6
the definitions given in AS l514 and the lollorving suppieucntary scnsor.
:l
+plv: 3.1.14 ,&eso ltttion-smaliest value of teirperaturc
o 3.1 General. change which can be detected (see Clause 5.1).
o
C\l 3.1.1 lYorking sltace-that part of the enclosure to
3.L.15 Grade--integer that classifie s thc performancc
:
o)
a which the performance characteristics apply.
charactcristics of an cnclosure (see Clause 9.1.
a
3.1.2 7'esl intervrsl-interval of time to s'hich the
@
C steady-state characteristics refer (see Clause 6.4.2). 3.2 Steady-state characteristics.
o
a
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3.i.3 I'est site-iocation ai which a test scnsor is 3.2.1 EncIosure temperat /re--lnid-range value ofthe
f, positioned for the puryose of ternperature measure-
E
o temperatures obtained tiom all relevant sites rvithiu
rnent drring testing of thc enclosure .
0_ the enclosure throi"rghout the test interval.
t,o sll€-test sits nsed to measure the
o
{a) Strmdard
(a) il{easured enclosure temper{rlxre-enclosure tem-
enclosure characteristics defined in Clauscs 3.2
perature computed from rneasured temperatures.
and 3.3.
q)
It is equal to half the sunr of thc maxinum afid
.c
o lb) Suppie nlentut1, siie-efiy tesi site other thaii tliat minimurn msasnred tsmperatures.
o)
c defined in (a).
(b)
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I n di c a te d n c: I o su re l€. ntp er at ur e-enclosure tem-
e-

3.1.4 sensor-tsmperature sensor used solely

T.e-r!. pcraturc computed t'rorn indioated ten:peratures.
o for the pulpose of testing the enclosure. it is equal to half the snm of the maximum and
!
0) (a) Standard se;?sor-sensor constructed in accord- minimum indicated temp€ratures.
a
C
{) ance with Clause 5.2.1. 3.2.2 Spctlial variatiott-ditllerenoe between the mid-
: (b) &tppient€ntat]; sensor-afiy test sensor other ra.ngeof al1 measured temperatures obtained at one
than that defined in (a), site and that at another site for those sites which give
3,1,5 l"est t emllerat'ure--noininal valus of the the greatest difference.
enclosure temperature (see Clause 3,2.1) at which a (a) Me asttred spat ial variaiion-spatial vadation
test is required to be performcd. corlputed from measured ternperatures.
3.1.6 hle as ure d t e mpe rattlrc-temperature as measured (b) lndit'ated spatial t'arialion--spatial r.ar:iation
with a standard ssnsor iocated at a standard site. coinputed fiom indicated tempcratures"

COPYRIGHT
 AS 28s3--1986 4

3.2.3 7'entporal variation-maximurll value of the G : the designated grade of cnciosure (see
temperature raoge obtained for each standard site Clause 9.2). b-or the purposes of reporting and
throughout the test interual. specification, G shall always have integer values.
(a) iiorvever, ior the p$rpose oi calculaiiorrs usieg
fuIea.sured lenxporal varialion-temporai variation
the reiationships given below. {see Note) precise
cornputed from trreasrtred ternperaftrres.
decimal values should be uscd and the final
(b) lndic'aled temporal variation-temporal variation values of the relevant parameters appropriately
:N computed from indicated tempcratures. rounded.
ry :
c.)
r.-
t-
(,
3.2.4 lVlaximum measu'ed temperature-highest the number of standard sites (see Clause 5.3.1).
msasured tempcrature obtained dunng the test interval. ,.--i^ri,.-;,..1^^"--. tt,,-
4-1 iiD ,L.. ^,..--^ll
irl! uigir,il vJi ldiivii ill (l!*lLvJ f-l-.;.,.
\ !rilrrn roLL

1' 3.2.5 lfii tr i ttw m m e as u' e d I ent p erat u rc-lowest measuled Clause 3.2.6).
{) temperature obtained during the tcst interval.
R,,, : the maxiurum pemrissible vahre of,t appropdate
E 3.2.6 Overall varialion-difference between the maxi- to the relevant grade (see Clauss 9.1).
o
Y mum and minimum measured temperaalres.
Ro : thc rnaxinrum penlissible valus of R as specitied
o
,() 3.3 Non-steady-state characteristics. (see Appendix A).
c
C
3.3,1 insl<itilanerius le*tperaliii'r'-r:riii-ratgc vaiils oi i - i rrcn"siircd icnrpcraftrr.' rn tlcgrc"s L';isiirs (scc
o the temperaitres at all relevant sites rvithin the enclosure Clausc 3. L5).
o
a
7 at any given time.
V : lhe intcmal volunre of thc enclersure in cubic
o
C
(a) h:Ieasured inslantaneous temperature-instan- lxetres. For rnultizone enclosures, Ir is the
=f
taneous temperaturc computed from measttrcd intemal vcllun'rc of the re lcvant zone (see
,-
_o temperaturcs. Clause 6.2).
,q
E (b) !i;.lit-,iitt.l iii;ti;iiifiti.',,iiiiL'itipL'tluii;i €- instaniancoiis ]i QTE : Tire io i ic,* il g r'c i a'ri, ri r si-rii.,s ai e a p;riicairie :

o tcmperature computed from indicated temperatures. , lwf

o) '/ I00+D
{see Ciarr:c 9. tr
o 3.3.2 lnslantaneous variatior-difference" at any givcn
a instant, behvceu the highcst and the lowcst of thL- {^ : risc)r (see Clause 9.1)
(t: 8-6.6,llog,l-
E temperatLfes at all relevant sites within tbc enclosuro.
o
o
o (a) hlea.gured inslanlaneous variation-instantaneous R^, t f f , Ll (sc, Clause 9. l)
100
c .-,:friAtiOn COtf:ntflCd F-orm rnnnsrrr,'il !rinnorltllfCS.
o
!uritiju;'v'J
,r,' -- -1 + (JLr") 1"" (see Clause :i..}.i)
0)
(b) Indic'ated instanlaneous tarialion--instantaneous
a variation courputed from i nd icated tempcratures.
=
(g s'rES'r' RTQUIREIIENTS.
C
o 3.3.3 Ot,ershr:of-rnaxinttm amount by which the
5.1 'fest principles. The test procedure involves
a measured temperatnre at the approximate centre of thc
c) the
o working space goes beyond the subsequent nrid-range mcasurement of tcmperaturc at specific test sites 'lvithin
0)
4 steady-state temperar-lre at this site as a trirllsequencc r,rf ii:e errciosure over a dcilncd perioii of iiiiie . iranr ihese
= the heating up or cooling down process. This mid-range measlrrements, the temperature exffentes are detcrmined
O temperatllre rclers to a specified interval of tirne (see and used to compute the overall variation. The overall
O Clause 6.6). variation. either directly. or as rei'lectcd by the enciosure
C'.1

a
f,
NOTE: Oversha;i as defined should be taken also to mclude thc grade. is the performance indicator by which the
o) inverse temt'underchoctt'. enciosure is assessed.
=
3.3.4 llet'overy time.-tiune taken. after a specified The required rncasrrement aL:curacy. the suitability ofthc
C
o diuiur'nan,Je has ireerr rerr1oveii, fi.'r ihe iruasureii ism' tenrperature indicator and the number of test sites used
a parature at the approximate centre of the test space to in assessing thc overall variation, is dictated by the
o
f,
r:, f-rrst attain a vahre which consistently remains rvithin magnitude of the allowed overall variation as specified,
<)
o_
l0 pcrcent of the maxirrrum deviation duc to the dis- or as irnplied by thc specific grade. As a result of
! tr.rbance from the snbsequent rnid-range steady-state limiting these nreasurement uncertainties. the variations
o temperatre at this site. This mid-range teruperattlre that arise if the test is repeated by different test
B refers to a specificd interval of tirne (see Clause 6.6).
E laboratories are autofllatically limited to a lorry' level.
()
The measurement equipment shall be chosen to ensure
-C 4 NOTATION. For the purpose of this staudard, thc
that the totai systematic uncerlaintv of the test instru-
o) frrllowing letter symbols appiy:
c
mentation and sensors is no greater than r-0.3 of the
D : thc rnagnitude of
LLl
the differcnce, it degrces maximunt permissible overail temperature variation,
o Ceisius. beti,ry'een the ueasured enclosure tem- i.e +0.311,, or 10.3R*, whichever is applicable . If the total
o C)
peratllre and the averagc ambient temperature systematic uricertainty is estinrated from its colllponents,
a (see Clause ,s.3,-l (a)).
C it shali hi iakcn as ilif sqiiari fo.ii c,f lh; siiiti ,rf iha
,o
-J D* : the maximum value of ll for enclosttres graded squared components.
over a mnge of temperatures (see Clause 9.3). NOTII: A systslnatic uncertainiy is aoy stabie contribulion to the
clii'ference betwceil tbe 'truc' tcmperature and thai value ohtained
{' : the grading factor, a parameter used in deter- liora rneasuremenl aftff appiyirrg all thc relevant calibration
mining the grade (see Clause 9.1) corrections. Although systetnatic uncertaittties (sucli as ttrose due to
themral con<luction, a.c. pick up, thermal e.rn.L) aLc unknorvn
L = the maximum permissible valrte of/'appropriate quantities, it is possible to sct an approximate upper lJmit on dreir
+^ rL^ .^l^..art ar.r,.l+ /"^^ al4,,c^ O l\
lU .llL lwr!rutrt Lldul lJLr \ iriUJL 7';r. magriiirides ciriiic* i;f itc}i:iiqu*s- Ea<fi -ru*h iipi:*r iinrit is tti ir
"'.y
estimated on the basis that there is approxirnately a 10 perceflt
/; : thc value of./evaluated at R : R,,' chance of it heing e:tceeded.

COPYRIGHT
 5 AS 2853-1986

lhe resolution (see Clause 3.1.14), of every sensor in strated to have an equivalent or faster response time
conjunction with its associatcd measr.ring equipnrcnt characteristic, when exposed to a step change of
shall be no g'reater than t0,1.R. or t0.1R"., whichever is 10"C in the same mcdium and at the same tempera-
appiicabie. tululS, a) llrg pr(!pustrr.l trl!l,L,5Lllts ru)r{:.,l.:ilaJv uu
usctl as an altcmativc.
The resolution shall be not less than one-tenth ofa scale
intcrual, or in thc case of a digital display, it shall be the NOT[: Miniatule rcsistance thcrmrrrcle'r devices (RTDs) ari:
availahle which approxrmate the recommended Category
smallest change in value indicated with the dispiay 1

CN
sensor's thennal resp{lnse characleristics.
(f) stabie.
r.'
F.
if
(ir) Categoru 2. Where thc enclosure usage falls into
C') discontinuoris (sampledl recording equipment is used. one of the lbilowing applications:
c tL^ ,,^l^*^A , ^,,,-l:-^ --r^
r(llE -L^ll L^ ^,.,.L +l.^+ ^L^* r-*
Lrig sglaLru(l rriitilritilY irrdil ut riiiij iiidr \rrrirr-iEtiii
lf, temperature variations (such as due to controller cycling) (i) Thc mass of any indivrdual test sample lies
o
r+,ithin the enclosure are measured (see Clause 6.4.3). rvithin the range l0 g to 1 kg.
=
E
o 5.2 Temperature sensors.
(ii) Where an enclosure is to be used in a ruanner
o r.vhich intentionally introduces temperature
5.2.7 Standord setrsor. The value of the temperature changes, other than that ilecessary to reach
a
5 measured by a tesl ssnsor is not a uniqtre propcrty. lt start of test or end of test setpoint, and is
o dcncnrLs on thr thcrrrrnl resnonsc ti,n': ^f the ch,,)scn ,-^-^trrr^ ^s a fate cf cha:tge
= witllin the ran{re
c
o sensor. llence i:reasurements rnade on the same enclosure 0.5"Ci'min to 1.5"C/min.
o
a
f,
using different R?es of test sensor may produce clifferent (iii) Any other application rvhere the tcsting or
encl os rre charactcristics. certifying officcrs .corrsider that this levcl of
c
o The thenlal rcsponse time depends on the physical fireasunng sensrtlvrty rs necessary.
propefties ofthe sensor and the relative signiflcance of The standard sensor for thc abovc applicctions is rn
=
-o
.E
radiation, convection and conduction in the thennal unsheathed themocouple constructed fronr wire in
,e
E ii-ansf*r' fiLri'h (uii iiii' stiisoi' aird it: rrir,itortrtrt'ili. Tliu the diarneter range 0.45 rrun to i.0 rrun in a manner
() respotrse time lbr a parlicnlar sensor chaoges rvith tem- slrch that the tip rnass does not excced 2-50 mg. Any
o)
(o
perafure and tronr enclosure to enclostre. other sensor that can be demonstrated to have an
o
a Mcaningfui coqrparisons of mcasured enclosure charac- equivalent or a faster rcsponse time rvhen compared
C
teristics can ooly be made if the response time of the with a 1.0 runi2-50 mg sensorin a manncr sirnilar
o sensors is staodardized, or ifthe fast temporal variations to that outlined under Category 1. may be used as
o
O
c (usually associated with controllcr cycling) are long in an altemative.
{i
o reiation to the setsclr's response tinre. Consideraiiofl
must also be given to the intendcd use of the enclosr"rre
(c) Category, 3. Where thc cnclosure usagc is not
a covered by Categories i and 2 but its application is
f in order to selcct the rnost appropriate scnsor.
rvithin the scope of this standard;
coo Standard serlsors are recorrmended for three broad
a categories of snclosilre usagc, thcir selection being based
(i) Tlie standard seirsorfor the above applications
shall be a cylinderof 5.Ol{.3mrn diauetcrand
6)
on the measurement sensitiviqr rcquired these in 5.0 10.1 mm length, of surface roughness not
{)
a applications. Thsse are detaiied (a). {b) and (c) belor.v.
f cxr:uutiirtg i.6prrrr .,?" iu> r-isfirrrd b; ...S ia65.
Where the recommended sensors may not be suitabie"
roughness grade nurnber N 7) and a suitabiy
o e.g. u,hcre the accrracy requirernents of Clause 5.1 are
aftached thennocor.rplc of rvire diamctcr not
o not reaiizabie using thennocoriples, thenlal response
N exceeding 1.0 irrm. The cylindcr shall be of
characteristics of the sensor selected shali be as close as
a miid stecl tbr temperatures up to 40trC or of
5
a
practicable to the recourmended sensor fiir the
lnconel for temperatures up to 1i00'C.
enclosure's application.
(o
/-r
i-,
/-,,t.,,,^,^,
L(rrLirr r
/
i,
\r/t"^*^ th- --^i^"".o ',..-^
urutre
{:.ll"
ru,'.'
i.t^
rirlv
(ii) The thcrmocouple ',vires shall be separately
o attachcd to the cylinder and spaced apaft to
a one Jf ihe tbllowing applications: avoid contact with each other. They shall be
O
5 (i) The oontrol of relative humidity. attached by welding or by usc of a tninitnnm
0_ (ii) The measuremcnt of surfacc tcmpcrature quanti6, of solder. The soldcr shail not bridge
o variations on test samples introduced in the thc rvires.
o cnclosurcs. (iii) For Lise at temperaturcs Lrp to 400"C, the
c (iii) If the mass of any test sarnples is to be less finished cylinder shall bear a thin coat of
o
0)
than 10g. colloidal graphite. For tempcraturc cxceeding
C
'=
c
(iv) Where an enclosure is to be used in a rlanner 400"C, the cylinder shall be r"rnifonnly but
tll which intentionally introduces temperature thinly oxiclized, e.g. 0.5 h at i000'C.
changes, other than ttrat trecessary to reach the (iv) The sensor shall be unsheathcd. 'fhe wire
o starl of test or end of test setpoiilt and the insulation and any means of support of the
1'
()
a
enclosure is capable of a rate of change scnsor shall be of such rnaterial" size and
e nvn,'edirra I (of- trrin lnnoti.'n rh^r il ,'1,.,'" n,.t affnnt th^
rL! t !ri,uL.-!
'r"n^-"o u,
^f
.o
J (v) Any other application rvhere the testing or the sensor.
ccrtiflzing officer(s) consider that the highest (v) Altcrnatively, any other sensor ihat can bc
level of measuring sensitiviry is necessary, demonstrated to have an cquivaient or faster
Thc standard sensor for the above applications is an responsc tirte rvhen tested in the manner
unsheathed therrnocouple constructed frorn rvirc describecl under Category I is acceptable.
with a elianreter not greater than 0.3-5 mm" in a 5.2.2 &tpplen'tenkil1: sensors. Suppleuientary sensors
n)annrr suclr tirat it ha> the absuitrtc nrirrintunr are required forthe detennination of ambient temperature
practicai tip mass. Another seusor that is dcmon- and the instailation sensor tcfllperature. The choice of

COPYRIGHT
 AS 2853-1986

sllitable sensor(s) depends upon the specific enclosurc {b} tn-rtallalion sensor lentperztur€. The temperature ol
perfomance sharacteristics. Where practicable. the use an installation sensor as displayed on an indicator
of thc standard sensor appropriate to the proposed *ill differ &om the actual i.e 'true' tcmperatlrrs
category erl use is prelerreri lor br.rti: appiir-ratiurls. h,.i,'" .*-..i.',,,,.,1 h.. rl.rr -errs,i,
5.3 Test sites. Where a calibration of the instailation sensor tem-
perature is required, it shall be performed usirg a
5.3.1 Ntnnher of slandurd siles" The number of
suppien.rentary ssnsor located so as to minimize the
N standard sites is related to the enclosure volrute and the
to tlic diffsrence in environmentbehveen the two sensors.
cr)
t'.-
f--
grade of the cnclosurc according foilowing
co rclationship: The corlponents of the mcasuriag cquiprnent and
O rL,
ru\ +^^L*ir,.,,.
,,-^.1 .1"^ll t'.
rr\aL\r irrr'rr r,,..1" rL,rr
rrL.\trLll lrl.rl +L:
lrrL t,:r-!
rV_J_r(rU
--Hi ,i.,.i-' Llvrrlrr!rtrL!\ IUr.rL
)t
c systematic uncertainty (see Clarise L1.13) shall not
c)
except that the nraxiinrim value of rV for any enclosure exceect 10.3-{1,, or tO.3rt,,. rvhichever is applicable.
€
E shall be 40. nor shall the resolution (see Clause 5.1) exceed
o
a All values oi N shall bc sirbiect tcr a tolerance of +0.1,q,, or +0.1 R,,, rvhichever is applicable.
v
o +10 percent.
zo
=
Where the maximurn value of overall variation is 6 It S! Ppl-l(',1,'t)!rRl.'s
c
o specified (lt"). the number o1- standard sites shall be
0l
a derived by first computing an equivalent grade then 6.1 General. AII
characteristics of thc enclosure
5 applying the above relationship. The relationship bchvecn capable of acljustment. e .g. degree of veirting and rclative
o gpde, nuniber of sensors and enciosure vohune is
o heater porvers. shall be adjusted to their irsual settings
Ef, illustrated in Fig. i. before test. If different settings are to be tested. then
'r
-o
5.3.2 Stcndard silas. A standard sensor shall be placed testing shall be performed to adeqrutely covel- each
6
ai e*ch siirrriiard siic r'..itirirr iire 1c;nperairuc eireiosure. ^^.^l:+:^- iiUU -^-^..^+^!-.
UUiiui :EiJ.ir.ltErJ.
o
o)
The sites shall be chosen with the aim ol measuring the The piacement oftest scnsor leads shall be done in such
(s
temperaturc extrenles within the enclosure's rvorking a manrer as not to altcr the enclosure charaoteristics
o
a space. from those nomrally prer.ailing. Where the design of the
aE Uniess otherwise specified, halfthe standardsites (where enclosure does not pentit ready access to the working
o space, extreme care afld consideration should be taken of
o necessary rounded up to the nearest ivhole nurnber) shall
o this aspect. Particular attention should be paid to the
C
{,
be located on a geometric basis throughoutthe enclosure.
.9 rhe locations indicateci in lig. 2 shall be r.rsed. starting seaiiirg oi'air leaiis which coLrid be inb'odirceil or altered
0.) rvitir No I and progressing numcrically until thc required by the presence of the sensor leads and by anv conss-
a
f
(g
nurnber of sites (see Clanse 5.3.1) are chosen. e,g. if quent altcration to thc position of a door, cover, packing,
C
o
thirteen standard sites are required, cight rvill be etc. The mounting and sealing of- thc tcst sensor and any
a positioned gcomctrically in locations I to I of'Fig. 2. f or other consequential alteratioos shall be fully documented.
al
o cnclosures of a shape for rvhich I'ig. 2 is not applicable. Should there be aly doubt as to the adequacy of the
q)
ID an individual geometric layout shall be established and above actions. any elfects on thc eaclosure characteristics
f shall be verified by a scparate pteiintinary test.
agreed by thc parties invoh,ed.
o The remainder of the standard sites shall be so 6.2 Multizone enclosures. For the plupose of this
O positioned that approximately half' of these sites are
N
standard, a nrultizone enclosure is one in which scparate
:o) located with the aim of measuring the lowest temperature
regions (zones) are operated and controlied at differeirt
: and half with the ainr of n-reasuring thc highest tempera-
temperatures. It is r:ot an enclosure having separate
fure (see Clause 6.3).
(o
a
regions of hcating and control rvith thc ob-icct of
o All sensors shali he positioned at thc nerminai Locatirxt achievrrrg uniibnrrity of tempcraturc throughout all of
a
() rvithin an enciosed vohune defined by ,5 perccnt of the those regions.
a
Eo linear dimensions of the test spacc iu ali directions ftom
Each zooe of a mriltizr:ne enclosrire shrrll tre tested as if
that nominal point.
o_
.o it rvere a separate enclosure. When testing any zone of
o 5.3.3 Supplemeflt{uy sites. Supplementary sites shall bc a nrultizone enclosrire. all zones shall be operated in the
o
used for thc detcnnination of the anrbient temperafure normal manner so that interaction effects betrveen zunes
=
13
rnrJ rh,' insr:,1!rtion qcnsnrll,:nrnerrlrrrr indicrt,.;r- -^^^-.
illri!
L--.^1.^-
lrU i.rRt:ri
:...
lllt\, rrL\(lrirrr"
(l)
accuracy.
a)
-C fu.h ,on. of a multizone enclosure if graded, shall be
o)
c (ai Ambient lemperalln"e. The magnitude oftire overail separately graded and may be allocated diflerent grades.
ul variatiot to be cxpected in an enciosure is likely to
2 be inflneaced by the difference betrvcen the 6.3 Preliminary investigation. Prior to conmtencing
tf, rneasrred enclosrre tempcratlrre and anrbient the test, the enclosure and its associated equiprl.ent shall
o
a tempe,:aturc. Por this reason a measurement of the
C be observed to be in fuli opcrational condition.
o
o <i\re ragc atnbi"'nt tcinp.'rattirL' in lhc imntcdtatc
J neighbourhood of the enclosure is rcqiiired during The number and poi;itioning of sensors {in accordance
each steady-state test. The nreasurement of ambient rvith Clause 5.3.2) and the validity of results prosurles
tefilperaturc shatl be made at varioris timcs experience *'ith the particular tlpe of enclosure under
throughout the test period and the average value test. If, for some reason. it is considered that this con-
detemrined, The required measuremeflt accuracy dition is inadequately satisficd, sutficient prelinrinary
shall be within: temperaire a.nd/or other nleasurements should be carried
,.,.I
(rllr .- ...,:J
(\r urrrrr(. .L, . -l,,.ri^-Lrrr!! (r!
^4 +1.,-, -i'^- +1"- !^.,^+i-.-
rltr s\-rLf, tttt!:L JttLJ. trlL tLru(ltl\rll ^€
ut

+() + 9) "c
rvbich i"s discretionary.
50'

COPYRiG'{T
 AS 2853-t986

6,4 Steady-state test. I!{casnrernents from some or all of the standard sites
shall be taken sufficiently often to accurately assess the
6.4.1 Stuhilif,. Lrollorving the setting up of the test identify and ternperature of those sites which, for any
equipment. thc cnciosure shall bs brought to the test ,Jh,iscri irstarrt, ilieiale the vaiues i-:f ihe ureasurru,i aud
temperature ancl sufficient time aiiorved to achieve
indicated instantaneous teruperatures as ivellas me asrired
stability.
and indicated instantaneotrs variations, if i:equired. Those
Unless otherwise spccified. stability shall be considered sites found peilinent for ong particular instant may not,
:(\ to be achievcd rthen at least 5 cycles ofthe controller or hov'ever, be relevant at other timcs.
rf.-
(f)
I h. u'hichever is the longer, havc passed without the 6.6 Overshoot and recovery time. For dctentrinations
fo occurrence of obvious effects rclated to the approach to
a) +-,-F-ra6
of overshoot and recovery time. the standard sensor at
rwruPvr Gr(rr!-^ v,
the centre of the rvorking space shaii i:e monitoreri in
:o
4) 6.4.2 Test inlental. The test interval shall commence such a way that the defined events (scc Clauses 3.-1.3 and
aftcr stability has been established and shall be of a 3.3.4) dictating their magnitudes are observed. For this
c
o sutficient period of time to characterize the tcmporal pulpose the rnid-rangc steady-state temperattfc at the
v variation. centre is dcternfned over a time intcrval of 5 cycies or
o
For enclosures in which a pronounccd regular cycle is t h. lvhichever is thc longer after removal of the
o
= prcscrt, the test ister..,al shall ar:t be less than tltat disturbance and stability (see Clause 6.4.i) has been
C
c required for 5 cycles ttl occrir. achicved.
o
o
a Again a minimum pcriod of t h should appiy. 7 ENCLOSURE PERI'ORMANCE ASSESSMENT.
=
NOTE: No quartilative distinction can be made betrveen short tern.t 7.1 General. Ana'lysis of the test data shali be made in
c ordcr to detem.rinc and assess thc perforanance of the
o variation (e.g" cyclic action due to the controiler) and long temr
E vadation (e.g^ drift dua to ambient telrperature changeJ. All such
=
-o
cnclosure as sct out in Clause s i.2 te 7 .6"
.E variations oi'terrperature u'ith tinte are covered by the teml
.a 'tenrnnul r, rrialinn' 7,2 tot'orking space characterlstlcs. !-r'l- a stead),-statt
test, the follor,ving infomatiori is obtained fbr each test
0)
o)
6.4.3 Acqtrisition of data. A*.er establishment of
temperature froui each of ,V standard sitcs;
thermal stability (see Ciause 6.4.1). nreasurements shalt
o
a be taken at sulEcient test sites and rvith sufficicnt (a) The obsened qiiantities
frequency to accurately detennine the required stcady- t,,,,,: the highest tcntperature recorded for the
C
o stfic msasured and indicated parameters. standard scnsor during the test interval;
o
O
c
(i
On at least two occasions during the test inten'ai the anrl
l,,,io :
.9 tempemture at each standard site shall be cxamtned for
the lorvest temperature recorded for the
{)
(, the duration of one cycie, if cyclic behaviour is evident. standard sensor during the tcst inteival.
= or for 1 min otl.renvise.
$
C
6.4.4 7'est tetnperature. The required stcad-v-state
(h) The dcrivcd quantitics
o
a
characteristics shail be determined at each of the speci- 0.5(l** * /nrn) - the mid-range tettperature for
o fied test temperatures, at each temperattlre at u'hich the the sensor; and
{) .--^1.--..-^ :. .^ L,,
: \:iil-i\i.)iiiU i5 lii iiU :lidLlUu,
-^,1-.I
^-
\,r -c +L
(iL i!ii- if,liiPCr,irrrr(.a (/,on. - l,;o) the tenrpcratui'e ran[Je for the
necsssary to achieve grading oYer a teillperattlre range' sens0r.
(f
O The resultant values of spatial, tertporal and ovcrall For the specified test tenlperatr.tre, the largest of thc -&
N variations, as well as the diffcrence between the values of 1,.* is the maximum meastred temperature and
a
5 measured and indicated enclosure temperafures, shall the srualiest of the ,\ values of 1,,,,,, is the minimirtn
o]
f apply to any measurcd enclosure temperafure rvithin a measnred temperature.
(o tolerance of +(5 + 0.025r)'C. (See Clause 9.3 for details
i
o covering gradiilg over witJer tenrperaturc ranges.) These extreme vaiues then give rise to the ol'eraii
a variation as their difference and the tneasured enclosure
O
f If within the tolerance of temperature, or rvithin the temperahlre as their averagc. The gading factor, l, may
range of temperaturc being gradcd, there is a discrete then bc corlpr.rtcd tising the average aft.lbient temperature
o_ change in any operating characteristic of the enclosrtre, in accordance with Clause 9.1.
o e.g. the switching in of extra heating eientents. stifficicnt
o
testing shall be conducted in the vicinity of the change The measrired spatial variation for the l/ sites is the
= tc F.illi, deternine its effect on the relc-.'ant enclcsure clifference betrveen the iargest and the sma-liest of' the
o
() characteristics being examined. N values of 0.5(1,"", + /,,*) and the tneasured terlporal
C
o,
r.ariation is the largest vaiue of (lo*, - ln,6).
tU
c 6.5 Non-steady-state test. The response of a17
At any given instant the pertinent tempcratures for non-
enclosure ta a thermal disturbance, such as that resr.rlting
steady-state characteristics arc as follows:
o a
ffom changed control setting, depends on the
:
o0) conditions that exist whert the disturbance is applied as /, the highest temperature flom ail standard sites
a well as the nature of the disturbance itself. at that instant.
e
.o
.J
G)

The study of a particular dynamic state theretbre reqltires 12 : the lowest temperature fronr all standard sites
the careftrl choice and characterizatiol of the initial at that instarrt.
steady-state and the applied disturbance. particular l : the temperature of the standard sensor at the
attention bcing given to appropriate specifications stated approximate centre of the 'rv'orking space.
by the user.
The measured instantaneous temperature is 0.5(l' + 1,1
The dynaniic state shall be studied r,rntil sorne specified 0nd lhc mccsurcd instentlnci..us vcr-iilitx is tl, ,'-l. Thc
conditions or events have occrirred or ibt a tiuc as overshr:ot and the recovery titne are ascertained tlotn a
speciticd by the user, shrd-v of 1.,

COPYRIGHT
 AS 2853-1986 I
7.3 Enclosure temperature indicator. The accuracy (e) Thc spccitied overall variatior.r or grade.
and reproducibility with which the indicated telllperafures (0 The date of test.
rcpresent conditions within the rvorking space, shall be -fL^
corlllricrsriraie ir,i'Lir iire pcrforrranr,e icvel inrFlicit iu ihq isln\
r r!r,lt!
i ',! u^.,-,-^^^ ^-"k,^-+ ,1,,-i-^
usrr,,E tt ^ r^^r
(trL L!r,l
specified or penrrissible values of R,, or R,". lJnless interval.
othenvise spccified, thc temperatuie difference between (h) The rvorking space for cach zone (sce Clause 6.2).
the indicated telnperature (see Clause 3.2) and the
A measurcd enclosure temperatlre, as detailed in (i) The test interv-al.
C.l
(n
f.-
l.--
Ciause 7.2, shall be less than R. or 1i,*, whichcluy is (k) The type. identification and category oftest sensors
(, applicable. rised.
o
rc
7.4 Rounding of test data. Ai1 reponeci parameters (t) The vaiuss of thc measnreri and indicated steady-
{J listed in Clauses 3.2 and 3"3 slrall be rounded such that state characteristics iisted in Clarise 3.2, unless
4
c the rounding inten'al, rvhich shail bc L, 2 or 5 in thc last otherwisc specified. lt is reconrmended that the
o place retained. is as close as possible to but no greatel' related measured rmd indicated pararneters be
o
v than 0.1R. or 0.1R,., for meastrred tempcratures or no reported together, particularly the enclostre
o gr€ater than 0.31i. or 0.3{," fbr indicated terl}perahlres
,=o whichever is applicable. Rounding of data shall only be
temperatures.
.,-,1
=
r
'- r Th-
\iii/ ,.--^-.'--,1
rrr!qJr'r!u urru i-Ji^^r^.I
rtluiLdlLu -,.- ..r^--1., _Jidiu
rt{rlr_rliLuuj -r^r,,
c peformed on the tinai vaiues of the pararneters tt-r be
o paramctcrs listed in Clause 3.3, unless othen\,'ise
o reportcd.
a
f
specified, together with a description of the relevant
o 7.5 l'requency of testing. The intenai tbr rctcsting of dynamic conditions and the initial arrdlor t'iual
o unloaded temperatrrs controllcd cnclosures is dependent steady-states and the timss at rvhich the parameters
E
f,
-o
upon the design. nature and extent of use of each wer-e measured,
.T individual enclosure. but a nraxirnum intenal of 5 years
.a uLiiiLiri r^-
lr,,h. t-ct.
iLJiJ rlr^ll.^^1.,
JriJri dtruit.
(n) -tjach installation scnsor terrperature and the relevaut

o
irrdreutcd icrrrpci'atirru ubiarricd at tird sariru triiic. if
o)
6
7.6 Retesting. fne .o.iosurc shallbc retcstccl. ifat any required.
o tir"ne there is reason to doubt the applicability of the (o) tf applicable" a grading statement containing the
previous test results. or repairs or modit'ications are rnadc
following infomration shall be rnade for the enclo-
of a nahire or extent sufficient to invalidate previous test
C
o sure or for each zone of a rnultizone enclosure:
() results.
o
C
8 I'ESI' DCICUMEN'I'AI'ION.
(i) The relevant working space.
.o
8.1 Record of test A record of ali test details and
tirt I he rclcrant lcst intcrvai.
0)
a results shall be maintained. tt shall be capable of pro- (iii) Thc grade rvith rvliich the enciosurc complies.
=
6
C
o
viding all the information necessary for the preparation (iv) The graded temperatures or temperaturc rangc.
of a report (sce Ciause 8.2). In addition it shall contain
c)
the foilowing infonnationr Whencver this grading statement is qr.roted it shall
o
ahvays include all these iterns together.
() (a) Dcscription of the cnclosure including intcrnal
l r i-^ *^^^*^^,,;^; i-l^ +'^- -^*'.+i-- ii-.,
dimensions, locaiion of openings, protrusions anci 1y, I rlL l!lVllUll!tIUUU U(at\ 1U( rLLLitlllts tlll ^-^i..-.,-^
LllLt\t.rUrU,

C} other pertineflt features. 9 GRADING O}: ENCLOSURES.

O
N
(b) Rcsults of prcliminary inspcction and tests. and 9.1 Gener*l. Temperatnre controllod enclosuresmay be
a details of any repairs or adjustments made. assesscd and allocated a grade based on the relative
=
o)
f (c) The number, location and identit'ication of ali test rriagnitudes of--
sites.
(o
(a) the overall lemperaturc variation. R; and
C
o
a
i.i) The srabriization time bcir')rc cclr*rl:encing ihc test
(b) the enclosure telnperature rvith respect to
O interval and the eluration of this interv'al.
f ambicnt,.fl.
1'
o (e) A record of all data acquircd throughout tlre test
o- and of all relevant calculations. The grading factor / is dctemincd from thc above using
!
o
o (fl lletails of all test sensors and associatcd instru- t bc fol lorving rclationship:

rrentation used, including means of supporling

E
4l se.nsors aod t-vpe of wire insulation= il applicable,
t_
J-
100f,
o IWfU
0)
c 8.2 Report. On conrpletion of a tcst, a report con- F:or any given grade iG) there is an aliowed rnaxirnurn
D
c taining the follorving inf,omration shall be issued:
grading factor
- (/,"). lleace. ifIdoes not exceed the value
LU
(a) The narne and address ofthe testing authority and ot-/,, appropriate to the required grade. then the enclosure
o ofthe client. is defined as cornpl.ving with that gradc.
Eo {b) A description of the enclosure including. where If ./'cxceedr 7- thc enclosure may be rejcc:ted. ,A,lter-
U)
C
o
rslevant. the make. tvpe or trodel nurnber. scrial ..-.:. -!..
iidiiiLl). ,.,^,.
'L^
L!rL
l.^
-^...,!+
li;:Ult
!.' ,,.-..":--,
iiin) iiU -- ^..-1..-!
iU-eiaiiia-l\'U 'J iii (liiiiiiilL
O
J
rumber and the condition of any ieature (e.g. a r.vhether it complies r.r,ith a lower
grade. In addition, by
vent) rvhose adjustment aflbcts its lrshirviour. redetinition of the rvorking space, the compliance rrray bc
({, The description of each controller andi'or indicator cvaluated of this altered working space with the grade
including. wherc relevant, the nrake, type or model originally required or rvith any other grade.
number, serial number" all perlinent control settings
In any case all test requirements of Clauses 5.1 and 5,3
and the full scale interval or range of the indicator.
applicable to the nev,4y defined conditions shall be
(.i) Reference ir.r ihis siarrdard *nd riescriptiorr oi eiiy compiied with, otherwise a complctcly new test shali be
departure in test procedure, if applicable. ner.l'onrred hefirle anv ryade Ciln b* rll,-rcrted.

COPYRIGIIT
 9 AS 285.r-1986

The temperature indicating equipnrent associatcdwith the If grading over a range of tcmperahrres is required, the
enclosure shall aiso conrply with the tequirements of steady-state characteristics shall be separateiy deten.nined
Clause 7.3. for thq same grade, test space and test interr,al, at each
or'a nim:ber of tesl ielnperaiures, thruughoii'L ihis r*nge.
9.2 Grades. An unlimited nr.rnrbe'r of enclosure grades The values ol'measured enclosure tenrperature shall
are recognized. each being described by an integer G. include the temperature extremes that det-lns thc gradcd
Large valucs of G indicate an enclosure
capable of range and shail incrcase ftom the minirrrul temperature
i in increments of no more than 35 percent of the range,
c\j extremely stable and unifomr temperatures. Smail values
F. of G refer to enclosures in lv'hich rvide tolerances of except that no incrcment shali necessarily be less than
l.-
O
temperatures are acceptable.
The rnaximum allow'able grading factor.f* appropriate to
.
Ito + &t'c
r0,
E
o grade G is derived frorn the following formuia w-hen The tolerancc on the grading temperatures or the
€
c expresscd to three sigoificant figures; exfi'emes of the graded range over which the grading
o
c shall be deemed to apply is that applicable to the relc-
fn : ']ls
x {il'1
vant test temperature (see Clause 6.4.4) notwithstanding
o
- the above . no feler than two temperatures shall be tested
0) r /-l---- -t )' --^ -^a l:l-^l-. . - .-- -^t f,r 1,'h;c\,F orarlino -' I rr ra rrnoa (ryal!e!" [h3l thXt
= i aiti!:r iii./il, iii\.t:\i rrilLr_v til ^--l-.
dill,].v rU --^^.:
rrldLrrLai ^-^--l^^..-^^
LriLiir:)Lii \i5 i r
Er--.rrJF ^\,er .-r;DL Cr-iurl:
c permitted by Clausc 6.4.4.
are listed for griidance in Table 1.
o
a lf therc is a discrete changc in any operating charac-
= 9.3 'l-emperatures of grading. An enclosure may Lre tcristic of the enciosure. e.g. the switching in of extra
C
o graded at otre or more discrete temperahlres or it may be heating eiements, Clause 6.4.4 shall apply.
graded over a range of tempcraflrres.
=
-o
'= For an enclosure to be graded over a tcmpsrattlre range,
.a If grading at discrete leveis is requircd, all test tempera- the designated grade shall appl1" to all temperatures
E tures shall be treated separately and ifneccssary tiift"erent
C)
within that range.
o.)
(o
grades, test inten'als and test spaces may apply.
o
a
C
o
0
O
C
.9
c, TABLE 1
o
0 GRADING FACTORS AND VARIATIONS
-
ro
C lVlaximum permissible Marimum permissible overall variation (-E*)* 'C
o Grade iG)
a
()
grading factor {fr") D: 30 D: t00 D: 300 ,l}: 1000
o- I t t.) 1-s 23 120
o 2 8.0 10 t6 32 88
5 l -5_b6 7.1 1i 23 fi"
: 4 4.00
1el
_5.2 8.U It 44
5 3.7 5.7 i1 31
a{ 6 2.00 2.6 4.0 8.t) 22
a
5
(,) 7 i4l i.E 2.8 5.7 1(r
3 I 1.00 i.3 2.0 4.0 i1
(o I o_707 0.92 1.4 2.8 7.8
g
o t{, 0.-i0t) a).65 1.(' 5.5
a 1l 0.3 5,+ 0.46 0.71 1.4 3.9
O t_6
f, 12 0^250 0.3 3 0.-50 1.0
!
&
o ll 0.171 0.21 0.3-5 ().7 I 7.0
14 0. ii.5 0. 16 0.25 ti.50 1.4
o
o + l{hese approximate vaLues are provitleci as exanrples lor guidance only.

-
o
o
C
a
c
uJ

o
rc
o
6
C
d)
.o
.J

COPYRIGHT
 AS 2853-1986 1t)

APPENDIX A
INTERPR ETATION OF TEMPER-ATURE SPECIFI CA TIOIVS

It is usrial for staldard methods of test to qlrote a tolerance of tfC. or its cquivalent. for
the relevant thermal conditioning. The strict interprctation of this requirement is that the
specitied tolerancc of t,PC, sets the upper and lower limits for the tempcratrlre at any of
4
(\ the infinite nr"rmber of possible sitss rvithin tlie enciosire at any timc during a use of the
CA
t\ elclosure subsequent to the test itself. It is impossiirle to establish from a finite sct of
t\
(o measurements whether or not this condition wiii apply. Furthcrmorc, the results would be
arhitary sioce they r.vill also depentl rrn th$ r-:hoiee of tesl .sensor.
4)
The test method described in this standard assurnes a practical interpretation of tcmpcratnre
!c tolerances given in rnaterial specifications. The allorvetl toierance tX"C is treated as
o equivalent to a'specifiedoverall variation'in temperature o1'2X"C (2\'C is thus delined
as cquivalent to -&,) and the enclosure is considercd satisfactor3 if thc nreasured overall
o variation does not exceed 2.X'C. Test nleasurements are made using sensors of defined
ao response and accuracy placed at sites of specified nrimb,lr and location as shorvn in !'ig. 2.
=
C
o
C)
g)
f
o
co
f,
-o
.C
,a
E
o)
(,
fi
o
a
.>
C
o
O
C
o
.o
c)
o
=
rs
E
o
0
C)
o-
0)

=
o
o
c{
a
5
(,
f,
(o
E
o
a
O
f
!
o_
-o
o
o
E

o
C
U)
c
UJ

o
ro
{)
fi
c
{i)

CGPYRiGHT
 \o
6
(r\

I
h
s
N
a

3
a
IJJ
EL

uJt
=u
t2F

.>FCJ
rrr A f
tr
)LJ^

fr6
2=
LU:
Z
-
tL

d! 6 f.r {E} l

{g} asuue aunso-rsN3

r uo asn -lo uor$qulsrp 'a6e:o1g ,t1uo acuacrl rasn leuosad rasn t 0t0Z isn$ny g uc spnpord pootr1 pe;aaur6u= jl oi pesueorl
 AS 2853-1986 t2

4
N
o
t\
t-
d)
lrr
E
nr t , ,irt'
I | ' ;rv
I
E
o I

ll
/ J>----**

ut
o / ,'11F
CJ
c
C
o
a,
a
f
o
c
o
E
l
-o
.a
()
(! -u5,li uil i;truts.
o C = Centre
a F = Centre of face
A = Corner
E E = Centre of edge
o
{)
ro NOTE: Applicable to erclosures rvhere ralio of lenglhs ol any- lrvo s'ides is always less than or equal to 5.
.9 Il enclirsure is iong and narros, use layout belo* lirr c.v..lindricai enclosures.
a
l
o (a) Rectangular enclosures.
o
a
0)
o-
o
:
a , Centrelin€
o n
N
a
:f
o)
f
(o
C
o lB* 15*
a
o=o
At extrernity of e/o'kirlg soace
t1-
o_
!
o
o 2 1' 20 6 S 13 4 5 1S B
q) 01e945A78s10 11 '12 13 14 15 16
o Distance along enclosuri in $axteeflths ol length
o
6,
C
tffo 315 225 90 0 135 825 g0 0 270 45 315 180 e?0 45 r35 0
S Orientation of sile around enclosure (degrteil
o
rc
o
c(!)a
,o For 'slender' enclosures rvhere the lengthldiameter ratio is grealer than 5. these sites are on the extremity
--l ..f th-.,,,"1,;-- .6-^:
rtjor!
, r,L,r-..;-^,L..,
uLrru,
.L^!r L, -, --,;1,.
-t,l

(b) Cylindrical enclosures.

Fig. 2. GEOMETRIC DISTRIBUTION OF SE NSORS WITHIN TEST SPACE

COPYRIGHT