Technical

MIDAS Material

Tutorial
2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge
00
2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge

Overview
- A two span of 45.64m long simply supported composite bridge consisting of three precast, post

tensioned girder beams spaced at 3m centers are generated using beam elements with defined

construction stages.

- The behavior of the bridge under Static loads, Prestress loads and Moving loads are examined

- Design of PSC Girders is also presented

In this tutorial we will learn the following things:

- How to generate composite sections in midas Civil.

- How to assign static and prestress load in midas Civil.

- How to define moving load as per IRC 6:2000 in midas Civil.

- How to define construction stages in midas Civil.

- How to define composite section for construction stages in midas Civil.

Program Version Civil 2016 (v2.3)
- How to interpret the tendon losses, forces, stresses represented by midas Civil.
Revision Date Aug. 30, 2016
- How to perform PSC Girder design and RC Pier and Pier Cap design
00
2 Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge
Step

00 Specifications of the Bridge

• General Configuration of the Bridge Deck

• General Configuration of the Bridge Substructure

• General Configuration of the Bridge Girder Elevation

Step

00 Specifications of the Bridge

 Bridge Type: PSC composite bridge (Composite I + girder)

 Span Length: 22.8-m, 2-Span
 Width: 9m
 Moving Loads: IRC-6:2000
 Time Dependent Material: IRC-112:2011

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 4

Step

00 General Arrangement Detail of the Bridge Deck

3D View of the Model generated in midas Civil

3m
0.25m
0.15m
0.5m
0.10m
1.20m 0.30m
0.10m

0.15m
0.45m
Girder Section
2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 5
Step

00 General Arrangement Detail of the Bridge Substructure

3m B
2m 3m C

1.2m
1.8m

C
0.25m 0.25m
B

5.7m
A
A

1.5m

3D View of Pier with pier cap Pier with Pier cap

1.2m
1.8
m

1.6m
1.5m
1.6m
Section at A-A Section at B-B Section at C-C

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Step

00 General Arrangement Detail of the Bridge Girder Elevation

Span 1
0.04m Span 2

 Structural sections
 Expansion Gap between the 2 spans is 40mm.
 Girders are spaced 3m c/c.

Expansion Joint Details

Girder

End Diaphragm Internal Diaphragm

0.4m
0.3m
0.4m 11m
22.80m
Half Girder Elevation
2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 7
Step

01
2 Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge
Step

01 Modeling
• Units Preference
• Material Properties
• Defining Section
- Defining Tapered Section
• Time Dependent Material Properties
- Creep
- Shrinkage
• Time Dependent Material Link
• Creating Nodes
• Creating Elements
• Modelling Checks
• Defining Taper Group
• Group Definition
• Support definition
• Assigning Structure Group
• Defining Reinforcement Details

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 8

Step

01 Modeling > Unit Preferences

Model Generation – 1 2
3
Define Units
Invoke midas Civil
1 Open New File
4
2 Save as ‘2-Span PSC Bridge’
3 Go to > “Tools”
5
4 Click on “Unit System”
5 Select the unit system [m, kN(ton),
Celcius]
6 Click on OK

6
.

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 9

Step

01 Modeling > Material Properties

Model Generation –
Material Properties 1

2
1 Go to > “Properties” 4

2 Click on “Material Properties”

3
Click on “Add” to define materials
4 Define Material data:
Name > M40
Type of design> Concrete
Concrete Standard > IS (RC)
DB: M40
Click on Apply

Name > M30 3

Type of design> Concrete
Concrete Standard > IS (RC)
DB: M30
Click on Apply

Name> Tendon
Type of Design: Steel
Steel Standard: IS(S)
DB: Fe540
Click on Apply

Name > Dummy

Type of design: User defined
Standard: None 5
Modulus of elasticity: 2.7e7
Poisson’s ratio: 0.2
Thermal Coefficient: 1e-5
Weight density: 0

5 Click on “OK” to close

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Step

01 Modeling > Defining Section

Model Generation – Defining

Girder Section 1 4

1 Go to “Properties” 5

2 Click “Section Properties”

3 Click on “Add...”
4 Click on tab “Composite”
3
5 Define Section:
Name > Girder
Section Type > Composite-I
Slab: Bc > 3m, tc > 0.25, Hh > 0
Click on “Symmetry”
See the PSC Viewer and enter the
section dimension parameters
HL1: 0.15, BL1: 0.15, HL2: 0.1, 6
BL2: 0.5, HL3: 1.2, BL4: 0.45,
HL4: 0.1, HL5: 0.15
6 Click on “Select material from DB…”
Concrete material for slab:
DB: IS(RC) 7
Name: M30
Concrete material for Girder: 8
DB: IS(RC)
Name: M40
7 Click “Change Offset”
Select Offset : Center- Top
8 Click on “Apply”
Note: The internal Process of section offset is explained in the help file .
Path: Help > Contents > Start > Model > Properties > Section, When Section tab is opened under offset, click on ‘Details’

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Step

01 Modeling > Defining Section

Model Generation – Defining

Diaphragm Sections 2

3
1 Click on “Add..” from Section
Properties Dialogue box
2 Click on tab “DB/User”
3 Define End Diaphragm:
Name > End Diaphragm 1
Section Type > Solid Rectangle
Select “User”
H > 1.4m, B > 0.4m

4 Click “Change Offset”

Select Offset : Center- Top
Select Vertical Offset: “User”
Enter value of I: > -0.25
User offset Reference: Extreme fiber(s)
Click on “Apply”
Define Internal Diaphragm:
Name > Internal Diaphragm
4
Section Type > Solid Rectangle
Select “User”
5 6
H > 1.4m, B > 0.3m
Click “Change Offset”
Select Offset : Center- Top
Select Vertical Offset: “User”
Enter value of I: > -0.25
User offset Reference: Extreme fiber(s)
5 Click “Show Calculation Results” Note: To define prismatic sections in midas Civil, go to Models > Properties > Section > Value and here enter the section properties directly
instead of section dimensions. To know how sectional properties are calculated go to Help > Contents > Start > Model > Properties >
6 Click on “Apply”
Section > Section Properties

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 12

Step

01 Modeling > Defining Section

Model Generation – Defining 1

Pier and Pier Cap section 2 4

1 Click on tab “DB/User”

2 Define Pier :
Name > Pier
Section Type > Solid Round
Select User
D > 1.5m

3 Click “Change Offset”

Offset > Centre-Centre
Click on OK
Click on Apply
4 Define Pier Cap Mid:
Name> Pier Cap Rect
Section Type > Solid Rectangle
Select “User” 3
H > 1.8m, B > 1.6m 4
5
Click Change Offset
Offset > Centre-Top
Click on OK

5 Click on Apply

Note: To define prismatic sections in midas Civil, go to Models > Properties > Section > Value and here enter the section properties directly
instead of section dimensions. To know how sectional properties are calculated go to Help > Contents > Start > Model > Properties >
Section > Section Properties

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Step

01 Modeling > Defining Tapered Section

Model Generation – Defining 1

Pier Cap Taper and Dummy 2 3

1 Click on tab “Tapered”

2 Define Tapered section:
Name > Pier Cap Taper
Section Type > Solid Rectangle
Click on User
Section – i: H>1.8m, B>1.6m
Section – j: H>1.2m, B>1.6m
Select y Axis Variation as “Linear”
Select z Axis Variation as “Linear”
Click “Change Offset”
Select Offset : Center- Top
Click on OK
Click on Apply

3 Define Dummy Cross Beams:

Click on tab “DB/User”
Name > Dummy Cross Beams
4
Section Type > Solid Rectangle
Select “User”
H > 0.25m, B > 1m
Click “Change Offset”
Select Offset : Center- Top

4 Click on OK & Apply

5 Create Dummy Crash Barriers:

Name > Dummy Edge Beam
H > 0.25m, B > 0.25m
Click on OK
Note: The internal Process of calculation of sectional property as per dimensional variation is explained in
the help file. Path: Help > Contents > Start > Model > Properties > Section > Tapered tab, under Note,
click on ‘Details’

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Step

01 Modeling > Time Dependent Material Properties

Model Generation –
Creep/Shrinkage Properties 1 3

1 Go to “Properties” 2

2 Creep/Shrinkage

3 Click on “Add” to define properties

4 Define Creep / Shrinkage data:

Name > M40

Code > INDIA (IRC:112-2011) 4

Compressive strength of concrete at

the age of 28 days > 40000 kN/m2
Relative Humidity of ambient
environment (40–99) > 70
Notional size of member > 1m
Age of concrete at the beginning of
shrinkage > 3 days
5 Click on “Show Result” to see the
graph
5
6 Click on “Close” 7

7 Click on Apply

Name > M30

Code > INDIA (IRC:112-2011) 6
Compressive strength of concrete at
the age of 28 days > 30000 kN/m2
Other data are same as above

Note: To get the creep & shrinkage strains, the value of relative humidity is to be considered as 70%, Notional size of member, h as
Click on Apply and close
1000mm and Age of concrete at the beginning of shrinkage as 3 days. Later, the h value would be automatically updated for
composite sections

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 15

Step

01 Modeling > Time Dependent Material Properties

Model Generation –
Comp.Strength Properties 1
3

1 Go to “Properties” 2

2 Click on “Comp. Strength”

3 Click on “Add” to define properties

4 Define Compressive Strength data:

Name > M40

Type > Code 4
Development of Strength > Code >
INDIA (IRC:112-2011)
Mean compressive strength of
concrete at age of 28 days
(fck+delta_f) > 40000+10000 kN/m2

5 Click on Redraw Graph

6 Click on OK

Click on Add
Name > M30 Comp
Type > Code
Development of Strength > Code > 5 6
INDIA (IRC:112-2011)
Mean compressive strength of
concrete at age of 28 days
(fck+delta_f) > 30000+10000 kN/m2
Click on Redraw Graph
Click on OK

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 16

Step

01 Modeling > Time dependent Material Link

Model Generation – Time

Dependent Material Link 1

1 Go to “Properties” 2 3

2 Click on “Material Link”

4

Time Dependent Material Link Data

for M40 5

3 Creep/Shrinkage > M40 from list

4 Comp. Strength > M40 from list

5 Double click on M40 under

Materials to shift it to the Selected
Materials list
6
6 Click on “Add / Modify”

Time Dependent Material Link Data

for M30
Creep/Shrinkage > M30
7
Comp. Strength > M30
Double click on M30 under
Materials to shift it to the Selected
Any time during the modeling, analysis
Materials list
and design stage, invoking F1 key
Click on “Add / Modify” takes you to web help.

7 Click on “Close”

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 17

Step

01 Modeling > Creating Nodes

Model Generation – Create

Nodes 1

2
1 Click on “Node/Element” of Main
Menu 3

2 Click on “Create Nodes”

Go to “Tree Menu”
3 Coordinates (x,y,z) > 0,0,0

4 Click “Apply” and “Close”

4
Note: Created Node

- To display node number click

Or Press (CTRL +E)
Check > Node
> Node number
Click > OK

- To display element number 1) To input the node co-ordinates

in table, go to Tree Menu> Tables>
Structure Tables> Node

2) To create User defined coordinate

system go to Structure > UCS

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 18

Step

01 Modeling > Creating Elements - Girder

Model Generation – Creating

Elements (Girder ) 2

3
1 Click on “Select All ” to select
the node no.1
1
2 Click on “Node/Elements”
3 Click on “Extrude”
Go to “Tree Menu” 4

4 Select Extrude Type “Node -> Line

5
Element”
5 Select Element Type “Beam” 6

6 Generating Elements: Node extruded to create elements

Select Material “M40”
Select Section “Girder”
Select Generation type “ Translate”
Select Translation “Unequal Distance”
Select Axis “X”
Distances > 0.4,11,11,0.4 (refer Pg.6)
Click “Apply”

7 Click on “Close”

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Step

01 Modeling > Element Translation - Girder

Model Generation – Translate

Elements 3

4
1 To view the model in isometric view
Click on
2

2 Click on “Select All to select 5

the girder element 1

To copy the girder twice along +Y 6

direction at a space of 3m each
3 Click on “Node/Element”

4 Click on “Translate Element”

5 Go to “Tree Menu” > Mode “Copy”

6 Translation “Equal Distance”

dx,dy,dz > “0,3,0”
Number of times “2”

7 Check on “Intersect Node ,

Element, Copy Node Attributes,
Copy Element Attributes”
7
8 Click “Apply”

Single Girder copied twice in +Y direction 8

Spaced at 3m

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Step

01 Modeling > Element Translation - Girder

Model Generation – Translate

Elements 3

4
1 To view the model in iso-metric view
Click on
2

2 Click on “Select All to select all 5

the Span 1 girders 1

To copy the Span 1 girders to 6

create Span 2 girders in +X direction
at 22.8m plus 0.04m for expansion
joint Span 1

3 Click on “Node/Element”

4 Click on “Translate Element”

Span 2
5 Go to “Tree Menu” > Mode “Copy”

6 Translation “Equal Distance”

dx,dy,dz > “22.8+0.04,0,0”
Number of times “1”
Span 1
7 Click on “Intersect Node , Element, 7
Copy Node Attributes, Copy
Element Attributes”
8 Click “Apply”
Span 1 girders copied to create Span 2 girders
8

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 21

Step

01 Modeling > Creating Elements – End Diaphragms

Model Generation – Creating

End Diaphragm 2

3
1 To view the model in Top view Click
on

2 Click on “Node/Elements”
1 4
3 Click on “Create Elements”
Go to “Tree Menu”
Generating Elements - End Diaphragm:
4 Element Type > General Beam/ Tapered
Beam
12 14 27 29
5 Select Material > “M40”
Select Section > “End Diaphragm”

6 Check Node and Element check box 2 4 17 19

5
7 Click in Nodal Connectivity box &
then Click on Node no. 2 and 12 to
create end diaphragm between
those two nodes

Similarly create End diaphragm between

Nodes 4 and 14
7
Nodes 17 and 27 2,12
Nodes 19 and 29
6

8 Click on “Close”
Girders with End Diaphragms 8

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 22

Step

01 Modeling > Creating Elements – Internal Diaphragms

Model Generation – Creating

Internal Diaphragm 2

3
1 To view the model in Top view Click
on

2 Click on “Node/Elements”
1 4
3 Click on “Create Elements”
Go to “Tree Menu”
Generating Element – Internal Diaphragm:
4 Element Type > General Beam/ Tapered
Beam
13 28
5 Select Material > “M40”
Select Section > “Internal Diaphragm”

6 Check Node and Element check box 3 18

5
7 Click in Nodal Connectivity box &
then Click on Node no. 3 and 13 to
create internal diaphragm between
those two nodes

Similarly create Internal diaphragm

between Nodes 18 and 28
7
3,13
8 Click on “Close”
6

Girders with End & Internal Diaphragms 8

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 23

Step

01 Modeling > Creating Elements – Cross Beams

Model Generation – Creating

Transverse Cross Beams 4

5
1 To view the model in Top view Click
on
2

2 Click on “Select Single ”

1
3 Select 11m girder elements 2,3,14,15
6

4 Click on “Node/Elements”
7
5 Click on Element “Divide”
Go to “Tree Menu”
6 Select Element Type “Frame”
7 Select “Equal Distance” 3
8

2 3 14 15
8 Select Number of Divisions > 11
9 Click “Apply” and “Close”
9

Girders Segmented into 11 segments each 1 m

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 24

Step

01 Modeling > Creating Elements – Cross Beams

Model Generation – Creating

Transverse Cross Beams 3

4
1 Click on “Select Single ”
2 Select the indicated Girder nodes
1 9
3 Go to “Node/Element”

4 Select Element “Extrude”

Go to “Tree Menu” 5

5 Select Extrude Type “ Node -> Line 2 9

Element” 6

6 Select Element Type “Beam”

7

7 Generating Elements:
Nodes Extruded in - Y direction @ 1.5m
Select Material “Dummy”
Select Section “Dummy”
Select Generation type “ Translate”
Select Translation “Equal Distance”
Distances > 0,-1.5,0
Number of Times > 1

8 Click “Apply” 10

9 Click on “Select previous ” to Nodes Extruded in +Y direction @ 3,3,1.5m

select the previously selected nodes

10 Select Translation “ Unequal Distance”

8
Axis > y
Distances > 3,3,1.5
11

11 Click “Close”

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 25

Step

Modeling > Modelling Checks

Model Generation –
Modelling Checks
3 3
4
1 Check in Message Window for
Warning about overlapping of
elements 5
2
6
To delete these duplicated elements

2 Click on “Select All ”

3 Go to > “Structure”
4 Click > “Check/Duplicate Elements”
The duplicated elements would
automatically be deleted 7

To make sure all the Girders Cross

8
Beams are intersected

5 Go to > “Node/Elements”
6 Click Element “ Intersect”
7 Let the Tolerance be as default 1

8 Click “ Apply”

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 26

Step

01 Modeling > Creating Elements – Dummy Edge Beams

Model Generation – Creating

Dummy Crash Barrier Beams 2

3
1 To view the model in Top view Click
on

2 Click on “Node/Elements”
1 4
3 Click on “Create Elements”
Go to “Tree Menu”
Generating Elements – Dummy CB :
236 243
4 Element Type > General Beam/ Tapered
Beam
5 Select Material > “Dummy”
Select Section > “Dummy Edge Beam”

6 Check Node and Element check box

5
188 195
7 Click in Nodal Connectivity box &
then Click on Node no. 236 and 243
to create dummy element between
those two nodes

Similarly create element between

Nodes 188 and 195
7
2,12
8 Click on “Close”
6

8
Dummy Edge Beams for Crash Barrier Loads

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 27

Step

01 Modeling > Node Translation- Pier Cap Nodes

Model Generation – Modeling

Pier Cap Nodes
To activate Tree Menu 2 , goto
4

Go to Tree Menu 2 Tools > Customize > Select Tree

1 Menu 2
Click on “Works”
2 Right Click
Section: “ End Diaphragm”
1
Choose “ Activate” from the
3
context menu
5
9
3 Click on “Select Single “ and
select node no. 9

4 Go to Node/Element > Translate

5 Mode “Copy”
Translation “Equal Distance”
dx,dy,dz: 0.4+0.02,0,-2.25
Number of Times : 1
6 Click on “Apply” and Close 2

Created Node

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 28

Step

01 Modeling > Creating Elements – Pier Cap

Model Generation – Modeling

Pier Cap
3

1
To view the model in Side view
Click on
8

2 Click on “Select Single “ and 4

select node no. 31

3 Go to Node/Element > Extrude 1

4 Select Extrude Type “ Node -> Line 5

Element”
5 Generating Elements: 31
Select Element Type “Beam” 2
Select Material “M30
Select Section “Pier Cap Mid”
Select Generation type “ Translate”
Select Translation “Unequal Distance”
Select Axis “Y” 6
Distances > 0.75,0.25
7 Click “Apply”
8 Click on “Select Previous ”
Distances > -0.75,-0.25 “ Apply”

Click on Node no. 35

Select Section “Pier Cap Taper”
Select Translation “Equal Distance”
dx,dy,dz > 0,-1,0
Number of Times > 3 & “ Apply” Pier Cap
Click on Node no. 33
dx,dy,dz > 0,1,0 & “ Apply” 7

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 29

Step

01 Modeling > Creating Elements – Tapered Group Definition

Model Generation – Pier Cap

Tapered Group 1

1 Go to “Properties”
2 Click on “Tapered Group” 4

Go to “Tree Menu”
3 Enter Group Name > Pier Taper Right
3
4 Click on “Select Single “ and
4

drag over Element no. 41, 42 & 43 to 5

select them 6

5 Note the Element List gets updated

with the selected element nos.
7 Section Shape Variation: Linear
8 Click “Add”

9 Enter Group Name > Pier Taper Left

Repeat the Step 4 to Step 8 for
Element no. 44, 45 & 46
Pier Cap with uniform Tapering
after Tapered Group Assignment 7

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 30

Step

01 Modeling > Creating Elements – Pier

Model Generation – Modeling

Pier 1

2 7
1 Click on “Node/Elements”
2 Click on “Translate Nodes”
3 Click on “Select Single ”& 3
select the Node no. 31
Go to “Tree Menu” 8

4 Mode “Copy”
5 Translation “Equal Distance” 31 3
4
dx,dy,dx: > 0,0,-1.8
Number of Times: 1 9
5
6 Click “Apply”and“Close”
7 Click on “Extrude”
8 Go to “Tree Menu” and Select
Extrude Type “ Node -> Line
Element”
6

9 Select Node No. 42

42
10 Generating Elements - Pier:
Select Material “M30
Select Section “Pier”
Select Translation “Equal Distance”
dx,dy,dz: > -0,0,-5.7
Number of Times : >1 10

10 Click “Apply”

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 31

Step

01 Modeling > Group Definition

2 3
Defining Group 1

2
1 Go to Tree Menu2 > Group Tab
2
Right click “Structure Group” > New…
Name:
CS1 - Substructure & Supports & “Add”
CS2 - Span 1 Girders & “Add”
CS3 - Span 1 Diaphragm & “Add”
CS3 - Span 2 Girder & “Add” 3
CS4 - Span 2 Diaphragm & “Add”
CS4- Span 1 Dummy & “Add”
CS5- Span 2 Dummy & “Add” 4
Cross Beam - Moving Load & “Add”
Click “Close” 4

3
Right click “Boundary Group” > New…
Span 1 Temp Supports & “Add”
Span 2 Temp Supports & “Add”
Substructure Support & “Add”
Bearings Span
Suffix: “1 2” & “Add”
Rigid Link Span
Suffix: “1 2” & “Add”
Click “ Close”

4 Right click “Load Group” > New…

SW & “Add”
SIDL & “Add”
Crash Barrier Load & “Add”
Wet Concrete Span
Suffix : “1 2” & “Add” Note: Structure groups, Boundary groups and Load groups are especially dedicated to Construction Stage analysis (of a sequential
Span 1 PS bridge construction) where each part of the total structure erected in each stage needs to be identified as a different structure
Suffix : “1 2 3” & “Add” from those of other stages.
Span 2 PS
Suffix : “1 2 3” & “Add”
Click “ Close”
2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 32
Step

01 Modeling > Boundary Condition - Support Nodes

Model Generation – Modeling

Support & Bearing Nodes
To activate Tree Menu 2 , goto
4

Go to Tree Menu 2 Tools > Customize > Select Tree

1 Menu 2
Click on “Works”
3

2 Right Click
Section: “ End Diaphragm”
1
Choose “ Activate” from the
context menu
5
3 Click on “Select All “ to select
all diaphragm nodes 3

4 Go to Node/Element > Translate

5 Mode “Copy”
Translation “Unequal Distance”
Axis: “z”
Distance: -1.95,-0.3
2
6 Click on “Apply” and Close

Note: 1.95m is total depth of the

Girder & 0.3m is the height
of the bearing and pedestal
considered. 6
Created Support Nodes

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Step

01 Modeling > Boundary Conditions – Rigid Links

Model Generation – Assigning

Rigid Links 1

1 Click “Boundary” in Main Menu

2 Click “Rigid Link…” 2
3
Go to “Tree Menu”
3 Select Boundary Group Name “Rigid 4

Link Span1”
2
5
4 Click on “Master Node Number: Text
Box” . Note the text box changes to
4
pale green color. Now Click on Node 44
no. 44 in model window

5 Click on “Select Single “ to

select Node No.2 which would be the
slave node.

6 Click on “Rigid Body”

Check “Copy Rigid Link”
Select Axis “Y”
Enter Distances: “3,3” 6

7 Click to “Apply”
8 Repeat Steps 3 to Step 7 for 7

Node no. 45
51
3 Change Boundary Group Name “ Rigid
Link Span 2 “ and 50 8
45
Repeat Step 4 to Step 7 for Node No. Rigid Links Created
50 & Node No. 51 44

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Step

01 Modeling > Boundary Conditions – Elastic Links ( Bearings)

Model Generation – Assigning

Elastic Links 1

1 Click “Boundary” in Main Menu

2 Click “Elastic Link…” 2
3
Go to “Tree Menu”

3 Boundary Group Name “Bearing Span1”

4
4 Elastic Link Type : “General”

5 Enter “SDx” > 10e8 kN/m 44 7

56
Enter “SDy” , “SDz” , “SRx” , “SRy” ,
“SRz” > 100 kN/m (kN*m/[rad])
6 Check “Copy Elastic Link” 5

Select Axis “Y”

Enter Distances: “3,3”

7 Click in “2 Nodes:” text box and Click on

Node No. 56 & then No. 44 to create
Elastic Link between them

Repeat Steps 6 & 7 for Node 57 & 45

3 Change Boundary Group Name 7

“ Bearing Span 2 “ and 51
63 6
Repeat Step 6 for Node no. 62 & 50 50
45 62
57
Repeat Step 6 for Node no. 63 & 51 Elastic Links Created 8
44
8 Click “ Close” 56

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Step

01 Modeling > Boundary Conditions - Supports

Model Generation – Assigning

Supports
1 Go to “Boundary” > “Define Support”
Go to “Tree Menu”
1

2 Boundary Group Name “Bearing Span1”

2

3 Check “D-ALL” and “R-ALL”

4 Drag Cross as indicated to select Node

No. 56 , 68 & 60 then Click “Apply” 44,46,48 45 47 49 50,52,54 51,53,55

5 Change Boundary Group Name 56,60,68 63,65,67

“Bearing Span 2”
Repeat Step 5 for Node no. 63,65,67

6 Change Boundary Group Name “Span 1

Temp Supports”
Select Node sets “44,46,48” 3
44,46,48 45 47 49 50,52,54 51,53,55
Check “ Dy ,Dz, Rx” & Click Apply 4
56,60,68
63,65,67
Select Node sets “45,47,49”
Check “ Dx, Dy , Dz ,Rx ” & Click Apply

7 Change Boundary Group Name “Span 2

Temp Supports”
4
Select Node sets “51,53,55”
Check “ Dy ,Dz, Rx” & Click Apply

Select Node sets “50,52,54”

Check “ Dx, Dy , Dz ,Rx ” & Click Close Temporary Supports
Permanent Supports
2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 36
Step

01 Modeling > Boundary Conditions – Substructure Links

Model Generation – Assigning

Rigid Links
1 Click on “Activate All “ to
activate the entire model and Click on 3
4
Front View
5

2 Select the Nodes and Elements

as indicated and Activate the 2
Selection and go to Side view

3 Click “Boundary” > “Rigid Link…”

Go to “Tree Menu”

4 Select Boundary Group Name

6
“Substructure Support”

5 Click on “Master Node Number: Text

Box” . Note the text box changes to 42 5
pale green color. Now Click on Node
no. 42 in model window 7

6 Click on “Select Single “ to

select the nodes as indicated which
would be the slave node.

7 Click on “Rigid Body” & Click “Apply”

Rigid Links for Pier and Pier Cap
Connectivity

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 37

Step

01 Modeling > Boundary Conditions – Substructure Supports

Model Generation – Assigning

Rigid Links
6
1 Use Zoom Window option to
zoom in the indicated Nodes

2 Click on “Master Node Number: Text

Box” . Note the text box changes to
pale green color. Now Click on Node
1 62
no. 37 in model window 3
2

57
3 Click on “Select Single “ to 37 2
select Node No.57 & 62 which would
be the slave node.

4 Click on “Rigid Body”

Check “Copy Rigid Link”
Select Axis “y”
Enter Distances: “6”

5 Click to “Apply”

6 Go to “Boundary” > “Define Support”

43 4
Go to “Tree Menu”

Boundary Group Name “Substructure

Support”

Check “D-ALL” and “R-ALL”

5

Select Node No. 43 then Click “Apply”

Substructure Support and Links

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 38

Step

01 Modeling > Assigning Structure Group

Model – Assigning Structure

Click, Drag and 1
Group Drop
1 Click on the Front View button to switch to
2
front view.

Go to “Tree Menu”
Click “Group Tab”
Under “Structure Group” CS 1

2 Assigning CS1 Group

Select elements and nodes as shown in
CS1 figure, drag & drop the Structure 3

group “CS1 - Substructure & Supports”

over the Model View window

3 Click on the Top View button to switch to

top view.

4 Assigning CS2- Span1 Girders Group

Select left span girder elements 4 CS 2 Element No.s “1to12 37to56 269to308”
(1to12 37to56 269to308 ) as shown in
CS3 figure, drag & drop the Structure
group “CS2 - Span 1 Girders” over the
Model View window

Note: Structure groups can be defined in Define Structure Group first. Next, the desired nodes and elements can be selected in the Group
tab of the Tree Menu and assigned to the groups by Drag & Drop.

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 39

Step

01 Modeling > Assigning Structure Group

Model – Assigning Structure

Group
1 Assigning CS3- Span1 Diaphragm
Group
Select left span diaphragms elements Click, Drag and
(25to28 33 34) as shown in CS3-D figure,
Drop
drag & drop the Structure group “CS3 -
Span 1 Diaphragm” over the Model
View window

2 Assigning CS3 - Span 2 Girder Group

Select right span girder elements
(13to24 57to76 309to348) as shown in
CS3-G figure, drag & drop the
Structure group “CS3 - Span 2 Girder ” 1 CS 3-D Element No.s “25to28 33 34”
over the Model View window.

2 CS 3-G Element No.s “13to24 57to76 309to348”

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 40

Step

01 Modeling > Assigning Structure Group

Model – Assigning Structure

Group
1 Assigning CS4 - Span 2 Diaphragm
Group
Select right diaphragms elements
Click, Drag and
(29to32 35 36) as shown in CS4-Diap Drop
figure, drag & drop the Structure
group “CS4 - Span 2 Diaphragm” over
the Model View window

2 Assigning CS4- Span 1 Dummy

Group
Select left span transverse slab and
dummy elements (77to80 85to104 125
133to152 173 181to200 221to224 229to 1 CS 4-Diap Element No.s “29to32 35 36”
248 371to394 418to441) as shown in
CS4-Dum figure, drag & drop the
Structure group “CS4- Span 1 Dummy”
over the Model View window

2 CS 3-G No.s
CS 4-Dum2 Element Element No.s85to104
“77to80 “13to24125
57to76 309to348”
133to152 173 181to200 221to224 229to248 371to394 418to441”

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 41

Step

01 Modeling > Assigning Structure Group

Model – Assigning Structure

Group
1 Assigning CS5- Span 2 Dummy
Group
Select left span transverse slab and
dummy elements (81to84 105to124
Click, Drag and
132 153to172 180 201to220 225to228 2
Drop
49to268 395to417 442to464) as shown
in CS5-Dum figure, drag & drop the
Structure group “CS5- Span 2
Dummy” over the Model View
window

2 Switch to only Y direction element

selection option

3 Use “Select all” button from

the ribbon menu to Select all Y
direction elements and drag & drop 1 CS 5-Dum 2Element
CS 3-GNo.s “81to84
Element 105to124
No.s “13to24132 153to172
57to76 180 201to220 225to228 249to268 395to417 442to464”
309to348”
the Structure group “Cross Beam -
Moving Load” over the Model View
window

4 Change back “Y” to “none”

reverting Step 2
2

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 42

Step

01 Modeling > Defining Section Reinforcement

Assigning reinforcement to the

sections 1
2
Longitudinal Reinforcement
1 Go to “Properties”
2 Click “Section manager >
Reinforcements…” 7

3 Select “Girder”
4 Click on “Multi Add” 3
8

5 Enter Reinforcement data in the

tables as shown and click “OK”
6 Click “Apply”

Shear & Torsional Reinforcement

7 Go to Shear Reinforcement tab
9
8 Check on Diagonal Reinforcement
Pitch > 0.15m ; Angle > 90 [deg]
Aw > Diameter: P10 ; Number: 2 4
4
Click on OK 4

9 Click on Torsional Reinforcement

Pitch > 0.15 m
Awt > Diameter: P8 ; Number: 2
Alt > Diameter: P8; Number: 2 10
10 Click on “Apply” and “Close” 6

Note: 5
In case the diameter of rebars is not in terms of
P(dia), then change the rebar material code from
Tools > Preferences > Design > Concrete >
Rebar > Material Code > Select IS(RC) & Click OK

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 43

Step

02
2 Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge
Step

02 Loads
• Static Load
-Self Weight
-Element load
• Prestress Load
-Tendon Property
-Tendon Profile
-Tendon Prestress
• Moving Load
-Define Code & Traffic Lane
-Define Vehicles
-Define Moving Load cases
• Construction Stage Load
-Define Construction Stage Data
-Activate Element Structure Group
-Activate Boundary Group
-Activate Load Group

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 44

Step

02 Load > Defining Load Cases

Static Loads – Defining Load 1

Cases
2
1 Go to “Load” tab
2 Click “Static Load Cases”
3 Define Static Load Cases

Name : “SW”
Type : “Construction Stage Load(CS)”
Description : “Self Weight”
Click “Add”

Name : “SIDL”
Type : “Construction Stage Load(CS)”
Description : “Wearing Course”
Click “Add”

Name : “Crash Barrier”

Type : “Construction Stage Load(CS)”
Description : “Crash Barrier”
Click “Add”

Name : “Wet Concrete Load”

Type : “Construction Stage Load(CS)”
. Description : “Wet Concrete Load”
Click “Add”

Name : “Prestress Load”

Type : “Construction Stage Load(CS)”
Description : “Prestress Load”
Click “Add” 4

4 Click “ Close”

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 45

Step

02 Load > Defining Loads – Static Loads

Static Loads – Self Weight & 1

4
Crash Barrier Load 2

Assigning Self Weight

1 Go to “Load” tab
5
2 Click “Self Weight…”
3 Go to “Tree Menu”
3
Go to “Load”
Select Load Case Name “Self Weight”
Select Load Group Name “SW”
Enter Self Weight Factor, Z : “-1”
Click “Add”
Click “Close”

Assigning Crash Barrier Load

Go to “Load” tab
4 Click “Element”
5 Go to “Tree Menu”
Go to “Load”
Select Load Case Name “Crash Barrier”
Select Load Group Name “Crash Barrier”
Select Load Type “Uniform Loads”
Select Load Direction “Global Z”
Enter w “-2.5” KN/m

6 In “Tree Menu 2” > “Works” tab , 6

double click “Section: 8.Dummy Edge
Beams ” to select the edge beam
Elements

7 Click “Apply”
7

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 46

Step

02 Load > Defining Loads – Static Loads

Static Loads – SIDL & Wet 1

2
Concrete Load
Assigning SIDL
1 Go to “Load” tab
2 Click “Element 3

3 Go to “Tree Menu”
Go to “Load” 4
Select Load Case Name “SIDL”
Select Load Group Name “SIDL”
Select Load Type “Uniform Loads”
Select Load Direction “Global Z”
Enter w “-5.175” KN/m

4 In “Tree Menu 2” > “Works” tab ,

double click “Section: Girder” to
select the Main Girder Elements
5 Click “Apply”

6 Assigning Wet Concrete Load Span 1

Select Girder of Span 1
Select Load Case Name “Wet Concrete”
Select Load Group Name “Wet Concrete
Span 1”
Select Load Type “Uniform Loads”
Select Load Direction “Global Z”
Enter w “-18.8” KN/m
Assigning Wet Concrete Load Span 2
6
Select Girder of Span 2
Select Load Group Name “Wet Concrete
Span 2”
Select Load Type “Uniform Loads”
Select Load Direction “Global Z” 5

Enter w “-18.8” KN/m >“Apply & Close “

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 47

Step

02 Load > Defining Loads - Prestress

Prestress Load – Defining Tendon 1

Properties 2
3

1 Go to “Load” of Main Menu

2 Click “Temp/Prestress”
3 Click “Tendon Property”
4 Click “Add”
4
5
5 Enter Tendon Name “Tendon”
Select Tendon Type “Internal(Post-
6
Tension”
Select Material “Tendon”
Click “ ” in the dialog box for Total
Tendon Area
Select Strand Diameter “15.2mm(1x7)” 7
Enter Number of Strands “8”
Click “OK”
Enter Duct Diameter “0.09”mm
Select Relaxation Coefficient “India
(IRC:112-2011) – Normal”
Click “OK”
7 Click “Close”

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Step

02 Load > Defining Loads - Prestress

Prestress Load –
Tendon Profile 2

1 Go to “Tree Menu 2” > Group Tab >

Right Click Structure Group “ CS2 “ >
Choose “Activate” from the context
menu to activate the Span 1 Girders
3
2 Go to “Load” > “Temp/Prestress” >
Tendon Profile and Click “Add”

Defining Tendon Profile “G1T1”

3 Tendon Name > “G1T1”
Tendon Property > Tendon
Assigned Elements > 1 to 4, 35to 54 or
select as indicated from “Model View “
Input Type > “3D”
Curve Type > “Spline ”
Reference Axis > “Element”

4 Open excel sheet “Cable Coordinates” 4

*From excel sheet copy Tendon
Coordinates for “G1T1”
Paste on “Input Table”
3
5 Select Point of Symmetry “Last”
Click “Make Symmetric Tendon” Elements 1 to 4 , 35 to 54
Select Profile Insertion Point “End-I” &
Enter element no. “1” in the text box
Click “OK” 5

Repeat Step 2 to Step 5 to generate

Tendon G1T2 , G1T3-L & G1T3-R (Refer
Cable Coordinate.xls for corresponding Note: An insertion point is used as a point of reference for the tendon profile in the Global
tendon coordinates) Coordinate System (GCS). Only one profile is needed for a precast beam in spite of the
number of elements (four in this example) that we are using to model it.

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 49

Step

02 Load > Defining Loads - Prestress

Prestress Load –
Copying Tendon Profiles
1 Select the tendon profiles G1T1,
G2T2, G3T3-L , G3T3 –R from
Tendon profile dialogue box 3
1
2 Click “Copy/Move” 4

2
3 Copy Girder 1 tendons to Girder 2
Mode > Copy
Equal Distance > (0,3,0)
Click “OK”
4 Rename the profile names
Select “G1T1-Copy” > “Modify “
Rename to “G2T1” > Click “OK “
Similarly Rename G1T2-Copy, G1T3-L
Copy, G1T3 -R-Copy as G2T2, G2T3-L,
G2T3-R respectively.

Copy Girder 1 tendons to Girder 3

Repeat Step 1 & 2
Mode > Copy
Equal Distance > (0,6,0) & Click “OK”
Rename G1T1-Copy, G1T2-Copy, G1T3-
L Copy, G1T3 -R-Copy as G3T1, G3T2,
G3T3-L, G3T3-R respectively.

Copy Span 1 tendon profile to Span 2

Select All the created tendon
profile > Click “Copy/Move”
Mode > Copy
Equal Distance > (22.84,0,0)
Click “OK”

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 50

Step

02 Load > Defining Loads - Prestress

Prestress Load –
2
Defining Tendon Prestress Loads 1

1 Go to “Load” > “Temp/Prestress”

2 Click “Tendon Prestress”
3 Change Unit to N and mm
Go to “Tree Menu” 4

4 Load Case Name “Prestress Load”

Load Group Name “Span 1 PS1”

5 Hold down “Ctrl Key” and Select

Tendons G1T1 , G2T1 , G3T1 5
Click on “>” to select the Tendons
Load Group Name for Tendon Prestress 8
6 Input by “Stress” G1T1 G1T1-Copy
Select Jacking “Both” Span 1 PS 1 G2T1 Span 2 PS 1 G2T1-Copy
6
Enter Begin “1395” N/mm2 G3T1 G3T1-Copy
Enter End “1395” N/mm2
Grouting After “ 1” Stage
G1T2 G1T2-Copy
7 Click “Add” Span 1 PS 2 G2T2 Span 2 PS 2 G2T2-Copy
G3T2 G3T2-Copy
8 Similarly define Prestress Loads for
remaining tendons as per the Load G1T3-L G1T3-L-Copy
Group name categorized in the table G1T3-R G1T3-R-Copy
given.
Span 1 PS 3 G2T3-L Span 2 PS 3 G2T3-L-Copy
7
G2T3-R G2T3-R-Copy
3 G3T3-L G3T3-L-Copy
G3T3-R G3T3-R-Copy

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 51

Step
02 Load > Defining Loads – Construction Stage Loads
Construction Stage Analysis Stage
This function allows us to define necessary CS 1
construction stages to analyze a bridge
structure reflecting the effects of evolving
structure configurations and elastic and
time dependent (creep and shrinkage)
displacements. CS2
Each construction stage is identified with
activated (or deactivated) element,
boundary and load groups. Each stage
retains a unique element group, a
boundary group and a load group, forming CS3
an interim independent structure. The
stage information that was difficult to
define in Wizard can now be added or
modified using this function.
Note:
The results of all prior construction stages are CS 4
accumulated and applied to the current stage. Once
activated elements, boundary conditions and loads
remain active until they are deactivated. When an
element is removed, the internal forces are internally
imposed to the contiguous remaining elements in
CS 5
the opposite directions.
CS 6
Days Details
Structure 1) Pier and Pier Cap are activated at the age of 28 days
1
Boundary 2) Substructure Supports are activated
Load 3) Self Weight of the Structure would be applied
Structure 1) Girder of Span 1 are activated
21 Boundary 2) Girders of Span 1 are supported on Temporary Support
Load 3) Girders of the Span 1 are Stressed in Sequence
Structure 1) Diaphragm of Span 1 are activated at age of 14 days
2) Girders for span 2 are launched
1) Temporary Supports of Span 1 are deactivated
Boundary 2) Girders of Span 1 are shifted to Permanent Bearings
21
3) Girders of span 2 are supported on Temporary Support
1) Casting of Slab for span 1 begins at the 14th day of CS3, hence
Load wet concrete load of the slab would be acting
2) Girders of the Span 2 are Stressed in Sequence
Structure 1) Deck slab of Span 1 is activated at age of 14 days
2) Diaphragm of Span 2 are activated at age of 14 days
Boundary 1)Temporary Supports of Span 2 are deactivated Girders of Span 2
21 are shifted to Permanent Bearings
1) Wet concrete load of Span 1 would be deactivated
Load 2) Casting of Slab for Span 2 begins at the 14th day of CS4, hence
wet concrete load of the slab would be acting
21 Structure 1) Deck slab for Span 2 is activated at the age of 14 days
Load 1) Wet concrete load of Span 2 would be deactivated
10000 To check the Long Term Stresses of Structure
2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 52
Step

02 Load > Defining Loads – Construction Stage Analysis

Construction Stage Analysis

CS1 CS2 CS3

CS4 CS5

Construction Stage Sequence

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 53

Step

02 Load > Defining Loads – Construction Stage

Define Construction Stage 1 4

Analysis Data– CS1 3
2
1 Go to “Load”
2 Click “Construction Stage”
3 Click “Define C.S”
4 Click “Add”
5

Defining Structure Group for CS1

5 Enter Name “CS1”
Enter Duration “1” day(s)

6
6 Click “Element” tab
7 Select “CS1 – Substructure & 7
Supports” under Group List 8

8 Enter Age “28”

9 Click “Add”

9
Note: Age reflects the effects of creep and shrinkage on the elements. The Age
represents the time elapsed from the time of concrete casting prior to the start of
the current construction stage being defined. That is, the Age is the maturity of the
element groups at the start of the current stage being defined. The Age typically
represents the time span from the time of concrete casting to the time of removal
of formwork for horizontal members such as slabs.

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 54

Step

02 Load > Defining Loads - Construction Stage

Define Construction Stage

Analysis Data – CS1
Defining Boundary Group for CS1
1 Click “Boundary” tab

2 Select “Substructure Support” under 1

Group List
3

3 Support/Spring Position > “Deformed” 2

4 Click “Add”

4
Defining Load Group for CS1
5 Click “Load” tab
6 Select “SW” under Group List

7 Active Day > “First”

5
8 Click “Add”
9 Click “Apply” 6 7

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 55

Step

02 Load > Defining Loads - Construction Stage

Define Construction Stage

5 6
Analysis Data– CS2 1

Defining Structure Group for CS2

1 Enter Name “CS2”
Enter Duration “21” day(s)
2 Click “Element” tab 2

3 Select “CS2 – Span 1 Girder”

4
3
4 Enter Age “21” & Click “Add”
5 Enter Day : “0.3 0.6 0.9” & Step “3”
6 Click “Add”

Defining Boundary Group for CS2 7

6
7 Click “Boundary” tab
8
9
8 Select “Span 1 Temp Supports”
9 Select “Deformed” & Click “Add” 7
10
10 Select “Rigid Link Span 1” & “Add”
10

11
Defining Load Group for CS2
11 Click “Load” tab
12 “Span 1 PS1” ; Day > “0.3” & “Add” 12
12
“Span 1 PS2” ; Day > “0.6” & “Add”
“Span 1 PS3” ; Day > “0.9” & “Add”
13 Click “Apply” 12
13

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 56

Step

02 Load > Defining Loads - Construction Stage

Define Construction Stage

Analysis Data– CS3 1

Defining Structure Group for CS3

1 Enter Name “CS3”
Enter Duration “21” day(s)
2 Click “Element” tab 2

3 Select “CS3 – Span 1 Diaphragm”

4
4 Enter Age “10” & Click “Add” 3

5 Select “CS3 – Span 2 Girders” 5

Enter Age “21” & Click “Add”

Defining Boundary Group for CS3

6
6
6 Click “Boundary” tab
7 Span 2 Temp Supports > Deformed > Add 8
7
Bearing Span 1 > Deformed > Add
Rigid Link Span 2 > Deformed > Add 7

8 Span 1 Temp Supports > Add under 7

Deactivation Group List

8
7
Defining Load Group for CS3
9
9 Click “Load” tab
10 “Wet Concrete Span 1” > First > Add
10
“Span 2 PS1” ; Day > “0.3” & “Add”
“Span 2 PS2” ; Day > “0.6” & “Add” 10
“Span 2 PS3” ; Day > “0.9” & “Add”
10
11 Click “Apply” 11

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 57

Step

02 Load > Defining Loads - Construction Stage

Define Construction Stage

Analysis Data– CS4 1

Defining Structure Group for CS4

1 Enter Name “CS4”
Enter Duration “21” day(s)
2 Click “Element” tab 2

3 Select “CS4 – Span 2 Diaphragm”

4
Select “CS4 – Span 1 Dummy”

4 Enter Age “10” & Click “Add” 3

Defining Boundary Group for CS4

5 Click “Boundary” tab
5
6
6 Bearing Span 2 > Deformed > Add
7 Span 2 Temp Supports > Add under 7 6
Deactivation Group List
6 7

Defining Load Group for CS4 6 7

8 Click “Load” tab
8
9 “Wet Concrete Span 2” > First > Add
10 “Wet Concrete Span 1”> Inactive Day 9 10
9
“ First” > Add
11 Click “Apply”
9 10
11

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 58

Step

02 Load > Defining Loads - Construction Stage

Define Construction Stage

Analysis Data– CS5 1

Defining Structure Group for CS5

1 Enter Name “CS5”
Enter Duration “21” day(s)
2 Click “Element” tab 2

3 Select “CS5 – Span 2 Dummy”

4
4 Enter Age “10” & Click “Add”

Defining Load Group for CS5 3

5 Click “Load” tab

6 Select “Wet Concrete Span 2” 6

7 Inactive Day > “First”

8 Click “Add”
7

9 Click “Apply”

8
9

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Step

02 Load > Defining Loads – Construction Stage

Define Construction Stage

Analysis Data –CS6 1

Defining Load Group for CS6

1 Enter Name “CS6”
Enter Duration “1000” day(s)
2
Click “Load” tab 2

3 Select “SIDL”
Select “Crash Barrier” 3 4

4 Active Day > “First”

5 Click “Add”
6 Click “Apply”

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 60

Step

02 Load > Defining Loads – Construction Stage for Composite Section

Define Construction Stage for 1

Composite Section 3
2
1 Go to “Load” of Main Menu
2 Click “Construction Stage”
3 Click “Composite Section for C.S.” 3

Click “Add”
Select Active Stage “CS2”
Select Section “Girder”
Select Composite Type “Normal” 5
Under Construction Sequence
For Part I
Select Material Type “Element”
Set Composite Stage “Active Stage”
Enter Age “14”
#h will be automatically entered

For Part II
Select Material Type “Material”
Select Material “M30” 6
Select Composite Stage “CS4” 4
Enter Age “10” days
#h will be automatically entered
4 Click “Apply”

Similarly add for CS3 and the Slab

activated at CS5

5 Click Update all H to automatically

update h

6 Click “Close”

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 61

Step
02 Load > Defining Loads - Moving Loads
Moving Loads –
Define Code & Lane
1 Go to “Load” > Click “Moving Load”
2 “Moving Load Code” select “India”
3 Click “Traffic Line Lanes”
4 Click “Add”
5 Lane Name > “Lane 1 70R”
Eccentricity “1.095”m
Wheel Spacing “1.93”m
Span Length > 45.64 m
Vehicular load distribution > “Cross
Beam- Moving Load “
Moving Direction > Both
6 Wheel Spacing “1.8”m
Select Selection by “2 Points”
Click on node no. 11
7 Click on Node no. 30
Click “OK”
Similarly “Add”
Lane Name > “Lane 2 70R”
Eccentricity “ 0”m
Wheel Spacing “1.93”m
Vehicular load distribution > “Cross
Beam- Moving Load “
Moving Direction > Both
Select Selection by “2 Points”
Click on node no. 6
Click on Node no. 25 & Click “OK”
3
1
2 5
Lane Name > “Lane 1 Class A” 5
Eccentricity “ -0.35”m
Wheel Spacing “1.8”m
Vehicular load distribution > “Cross
Beam- Moving Load “
Moving Direction > Both
Select Selection by “2 Points”
Click on node no. 11
Click on Node no. 30 & Click “OK”
Lane Name > “Lane 2 Class A”
Eccentricity “0.3”m
Vehicular load distribution > “Cross
Beam- Moving Load “
Moving Direction > Both
Select Selection by “2 Points”
Click on node no. 6
Click on Node no. 25 & Click “OK” 6
11 30
6 25
7
2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 62
Step

02 Load > Defining Loads - Moving Loads

Moving Loads – Define Vehicle

3
1 Go to “Load” of Main Menu 1
2
2 Click “Moving Load”
3 Click “Vehicles”
4
Click “Add Standard”
4
5
Select Standard Name “IRC:6-2000 5

Standard Load”
6 Select Vehicular Load Type “Class A” 6

9
7 Click “Apply”
Follow the steps 4 to 7 Vehicular Load

Type “Class 70R”

8 Click “OK”
9 Click “Close”

8 7

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 63

Step

02 Load > Defining Loads - Moving Loads

Moving Loads – Define Moving

Load Combination 3
1
1 Go to “Load” tab 2

2 Click “Moving Load”

3 Click “Moving Load Cases” 4 8
5

4 Click “Add ”
6
5 Enter Load Case Name “70R”
6 Uncheck “Auto Live Load
Combination”
7 Under Sub-Load Cases Click “Add”
8 In Sub-Load Case 10 In Sub-Load Case

Enter Scale Factor “1” Enter Scale Factor “1”

Enter Minimum Loaded Lanes as 1
Enter Maximum Loaded Lanes as 1
Select Vehicle as “Class 70R”
Under List of Lanes Select “lane 1 70R”
and “lane 2 70R”
9
Enter Minimum Loaded Lanes as 1
Enter Maximum Loaded Lanes as 2
10
Select Vehicle as “Class A”
Under List of Lanes Select “lane 1
Class A” and “lane 2 Class A” 7

Click on “->” Click on “->”

9 Click “OK” Click “OK”

Note: To take into account of the wheel spacing and minimum clearance for different vehicles, the Auto Live Load Combination
option can be unchecked and manually different moving load combinations can be created for the vehicles as per IRC 6:2000.

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Step

03
Single Span PSC Box Girder Bridge
Step

03 Analysis Control

• Main Control Data

• Moving Load Analysis Control

• Construction Stage Analysis Control

• Perform Analysis

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Step

03 Analysis > Main Control Data & Moving Load Analysis

Main Control Data & Moving 1

Load Analysis Control 2 5

1 Go to “Analysis” tab
2 Go to “Main Control Data”
3 Click on “Consider Reinforcement for
section stiffness Calculation”
4 Click on “OK” 6

5 Click “Moving Load”

6 Enter Number/Line Elements: 3 7

Under Analysis Results > Frame

3
7 Select “Normal + Concurrent Force”
Check “Combined Stress Calculation” 4

8 Select Bridge Type for Impact

Calculation “RC”
9 Click “OK”
8

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Step

03 Analysis > Construction Stage Analysis Control & Perform Analysis

Analysis Control- 1
Construction Stage 2 5

1 Go to “Analysis” tab

2 Click “Construction Stage”

Select Final Stage “Last Stage”
Select Analysis Option “Include Time
Dependent Effect”

3 Click on “Time Dependent Effect

Control”
Select Type “Creep & Shrinkage”
3
Select “Tendon Tension Loss Effect
(Creep & Shrinkage)”
Select “Variation of Comp. Strength “ 3
Select “Tendon Tension Loss (Elastic
Shortening)”

4 Check “Calculate Output of Each part

of Composite Section” 4

Check “Self-Constraint Forces &

Stresses”
Click “OK”
4

5 Click “Perform Analysis” to Run

Analysis
Note: For detailed explanation on Construction Stage Analysis Control refer the
help file (or Press F1 )
Path: Help > Contents > Start > Analysis > Construction Stage Analysis Control

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Step

04
2 Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge
Step

04 Result

• Load Combination

• Reaction

• Displacement

• Beam Diagrams

• Vehicle Position Using Moving Vehicle Tracer

• Stresses

• Tendon Loss

• Elastic Link Force ( Bearing Forces)

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 68

Step

04 Results> Load Combinations

Load Combinations 1

1 Go to “Results” tab
2 Click “Load Combination”
3 Click “Concrete Design” tab 3

4 Create load combination and enter

factors for load cases as shown in the
table below .
5 Click “Close”

Load Combination
MVL ULS SLS
Dead Load(CS) − 1.35 1
Wearing Course(CS) − 1.75 1

Load Cases and Factors

Crash Barrier(CS) − 1.35 1
Tendon Primary(CS) − 1 0.9
Tendon Secondary(CS) − 1 0.9
Creep Primary(CS) − −
Creep Secondary(CS) − 1 1
Shrinkage Primary(CS) − − −
Shrinkage Secondary(CS) − 1 1
70R(MV) 1 - −
Class A(MV) 1 - −
MVL(CBC) − 1.5 1

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Step

04 Result> Reaction

Result-
6
Reaction 1

2
1 Go to “Results” tab 3

2 Click “Reactions”
3 Click “Reaction Forces/Moments”
4 Select “Load Cases/Combinations”
To view the results in Model View 7

Window, select “Components” 4 CBCmax: MVL

CBCmin: MVL
CBCall: MVL
Select “Value” CBC: ULS
CBC: SLS

5 Click “Apply”
6 To View in Tabular format, Click

“Results Tables”> “Reactions” 9

7 Select “Load Cases/Combination” 5 8

8 Click “OK”
9 Check the values in new window
“Result-[Reaction]”

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Step

04 Result> Displacement

Result-
Displacement 1

1 Go to “Results” tab 2

2 Click “Deformations” 4
3
3 Click “Displacement Contour”
4 Select “Load Cases/Combinations”
5 Select “Components”
6 Click Type of Display “Contour” 5
8
7 Click “Apply”
8 See the Contour diagram in the
“Model View” window

Note: By Invoking “…” the tables of 7

any component of result and

load cases can be checked.

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Step

04 Result> Beam Diagrams

Result- 9
10
1
Beam Diagrams CBCmax: MVL
CBCmin: MVL
CBCall: MVL
CBC: ULS
2
1 Go to “Results” tab CBC: SLS

3
2 Click “Forces”
3 Click “Beams Diagrams”
11
4 Click “Results Tables>Beams> Forces
& Stresses” 5 CBCmax: MVL
CBCmin: MVL
CBCall: MVL 4
CBC: ULS
5 Select Moving Load case/Combination CBC: SLS

6 Click “OK”
7 In the Result-[Beam Force] table
8
8 Right Click and select from the
6

Context Menu “View by Max Value

Item” 7 12

9 Select Items to Display “Moment-y”

10 Select Load Cases to Display
11 Click “OK”
12 See in Concurrent forces in the table
“Result by Max Value-[Beam Force]”

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Step

04 Result> Vehicle Position using Moving Vehicle Tracer

Result- 1

Moving Vehicle Tracer 2

1 Go to “Results” tab
2 Click “Moving Load Tracer”
3 Click “Beams Forces/Moments…”

Select Moving load case “ MVMax

5

Truck”
3
Select Key Element “28”

Select Part “I ”
Select Component “My”
4 Click “Apply”
5 See in “Model View” window the
Vehicle position

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Step

04 Result> Vehicle Position using Moving Vehicle Tracer

2
Result- 3
Moving Vehicle Tracer

To Convert this Vehicle Load

Position into a Static Load Case: 4
1 Click “Write Min/Max Load to File”

Click “OK”

Copy all the data from the “Midas/Text

Editor ”

2 Go to “Tools” tab

3 Click “MCT Command Shell..” 5

4 Paste the data in the “MCT Command

1
Shell” Window

5 Click “Run”

A new Static Load “MVmax&70RMy279”

will be created

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 74

Step

04 Result> Stresses

Result- 1
Stresses 2
4
1 Go to “Results” of Main Menu
3
2 Click “Stresses”
5
3 Click “Beam Stresses”
4 Select Load Cases/Combinations “
5 Select “Components”
6 Click Type of Display “Contour”
7 Click “Apply”
8 See the Contour diagram in the
6
“Model View” window 8

Note: To view the results in tables,

click Results Tables and browse
to required quantity
Note: The significance of various stress components are clearly explained in detail in the help file .
Path: Help > Contents > Start > Result > Stresses > Beam Stresses

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Step

04 Result> Tendon Loss

1

Result- 2

Tendon Loss
1 Go to “Results” tab
2 Click “Result Tables”
3 Click “Tendon”
4 Click “Tendon Loss” By grouping tendons, the average prestr
ess force at the CG of the cables along
5 See the various tendon loss in tabular
the length of the bridge can be seen,
format in the window “Result- in Tendon Arrangement
(Path: Results > Result Tables > Tendon >
[tendon Loss (Tendon Group)]” Tendon Arrangement.)
4

Note: Similarly the tables of tendon

Coordinates, Elongation ,
Weight can be checked.

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Step

04 Result> Elastic Link Forces (Bearing Forces)

Result- 1
2
Elastic Link Forces
1 Go to “Results” tab
6
2 Click “Result Tables”
3 Click “Elastic Link…”
4 Check “Truck (Mv:all)”
5 Click “OK” 3

6 See the various forces in the bearings

in “Result-[Elastic Link]”

Note: Similarly, forces for all the cases

could be viewed, which could 5

be used for design of bearings.

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Step

05
Single Span PSC Box Girder Bridge
Step

05 PSC Design

• Design Parameters

• Modify Material Properties

• Design Position & Output

• Concrete Allowable Stress Load Case

• Perform Design & Design Calculation Excel Report

• Design Result Tables

• PSC Design Forces

• PSC Design Result Diagram

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 78

Step

05 PSC Design > Design Parameters

PSC Design-
Input Design Parameters 1
5

1 Go to “PSC” > Select “IRC:112-2011” 2

2 Click “Parameters”

3 Design Code > “IRC:112-2011” 3

Output Parameters > “Select All”

4 Click “OK”
6

5 Click “PSC Design Material ”

6 Click “ M40” from the Material List 7

7 For Girder,
Concrete Material Selection :
Code > “IS(RC)” ; Grade > M40

For Rebar Selection

Code > IS(RC)
Main Rebar & Sub - Rebar > Fe500
For Slab,
Concrete Material Selection
4
Code > “IS(RC)” ; Grade > M30

For Rebar Selection

Code > IS(RC)
Main Rebar & Sub - Rebar > Fe500
8
8 Click “Modify”

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Step

05 PSC Design > Design Position & Output

PSC Design- 1

Design Position & Output 2

1 Go to “PSC” tab
2 Click “Design/ Output Position”
Select > Design Position

3 Select All Girder elements

Moment > I & J 3
4
Shear > I & J
Click “Apply”

Similarly to define Output position 3

4 Select the indicated elements 3,7,11

5 Select > Output Position
M(+) , M (-) > I &J
Shear Strength > I & J
Torsion Strength > I & J

Click “Apply” 4

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Step

05 PSC Design > Design Position , Output & Perform Design

PSC Design- Output Position & 1

Design 6

1 Go to “PSC” tab 2

2 Click “Serviceability Load Combination 7

Type”
3 Select “SLS” from “Serviceability” tab 3

4 Add it to “Characteristic” tab

5 Click “OK”

To Perform Design
6 Click “Perform Design”

7 After the Design is performed, 4

Click “ Excel Report” to export the

design results in Excel Format. 5

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Step

05 PSC Design > Design Result Tables & Design Forces

PSC Design- 1

Design Result Tables 2

4
Results Table:
1 Go to “PSC” tab
2 Click “Result Tables ”
3 Select the required Result Tables

3
Design Forces:

4 Click “Design Forces”

3

5 Select the Elements & Part Number

5

6 Click “OK”

Note: Following sign convention is used for Stress

- Compression (+)
- Tension (-)

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 82

Step

05 PSC Design > PSC Result Diagram

PSC Design- 1

PSC Result Diagram

2

1 Go to “PSC” tab

2 Click “PSC Result Diagram”

3

3 Select the Load Cases 6

4
4 Select “ Strength/ Str” for load

Case to be considered for Strength 7

check

5 Click “Close”
5
6 Option > Force / Stress and give

suitable scale factor

7 Select Components

8 Click “ Apply”

Note: This feature enables users to check result diagrams in contours. We can see the
member force diagrams along with the nominal strength diagram. 8

2-Span PSC Composite I Girder Bridge 83

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