Group 2 MED 1 BIOSTATISTICS AND EPIDEMIOLOGY LAB(MLSBIEPL)

Gonzales, Justine Ryan M A.Y 2019-2020

Juan, Ysabelle
Malicsi, Marcuz Heri
Gabriel, Melarie Cevie
Ines, Jeffrey Thomas

ACTIVITY 1
Nature of Biostatistics
I. Briefly discuss how you can make use of each of the following in your line of profession:
i) Descriptive Statistics
 In Medical technology profession, Descriptive statistics let the medical
technologist to measure something or to describe a data effortless whereas, it
lets the technologist to present a report well and to address the report to its
audience easier to understood. Like for example in gathering data determining
how many patients does a laboratory get per day.
ii) Inferential Statistics
 This kind of statistics in the sense of medical technology profession, this
statistics lets a medical technology to conduct a hypothesis testing easier
whereas this kind of statistics can be use by medical technologist in such a way it
it can state or describe a whole community by using just some of its population
and not the whole population itself. Like for example you want to know in a
community whether they are pro duterte or anti duterte here this statistics will
just get some people in the community to distinguish whether this community is
more of pro or anti duterte.
iii) Vital Statistics
 Vital statistics in the sense of Medical Technology this statistics help the scientist
to determine whether a specific person is still on its fertility years or not another
thing that this statistics helps a medical technology is that it helps the scientist
to distinguish a specific population in a community to estimate or to know how
many people die per day and how many child was born every day.
iv) Health Statistics
 In Medical technology profession, this statistics let the scientist to estimate or to
know the mortality, morbidity rate every year. This is the type of statistics that
specify an cause of death in a community like for example there is someone who
died at car accident just like that also this statistic can help an health care
professional to know how many people are suffering to different illness and
disabilities.
v) Service Statistics
 In Medical Technology profession this statistics help the professional to know
whether what service does the community need to promote health in the
vicinity of the community. This statistics help a medical technology to measure
what are the service needed by the community in times of calamities, disease
prevalence and etc.
II. Indicate whether the following is a constant or a variable:
1. Response to the question “ Do you breastfeed your baby”- Constant
2. Number of stars in the constellation Orion-Variable
3. Death rate for tuberculosis- Variable
4. Number of decayed, missing and filled (DMF) teeth- Variable
5. Recumbent length of an infant- Variable
6. Number of meters in a kilometer -Constant
7. Serum triglyceride level of a patient- Variable
8. Incidence of adverse reactions after vaccination- Variable
9. Forced expiratory volume (FEV) of a patient- Variable
10. Pregnancy outcome- Constant
III. Indicate whether the following variables is qualitative of quantitative in nature. For
quantitative variables, further classify them into either discrete or continuous:
1. Sex- Qualitative
2. Hospital bed capacity- Quantitative, Discrete
3. Serum glucose level- Quantitative, Continuous
4. Systolic blood pressure- Quantitative, Discrete
5. Height (in centimeters)- Quantitative, Continuous
6. ABO blood type- Qualitative
7. Per capita income- Quantitative, Discrete
8. Household size- Quantitative, Discrete
9. Mid upper arm circumference (in centimeters)- Quantitative, Continuous
10. Regions of the Philippines- Quantitative, Discrete

IV. Describe how each of the following variables can be measured using nominal, ordinal,
interval or ratio scale measurement.
1. Socioeconomic status-Socioeconomic status can be measured through ordinal in
which this status have a hierarchy whether you are in the upper class, middle class
or marginalized sector family.
2. Nutritional Status- Nutritional Status can be classified as nominal wherein this status
have no hierarchy and as well
3. Anemia status- This status can be classified as a ratio whereas this blood chemistry
profile have a whole composition wherein one number over another can be
measured.
4. Educational Attainment- This thing is ordinal since in education there are primary,
secondary and tertiary in education to sum it up there was an order that’s why it
was ordinal.
5. Distance of household from the nearest health facility- This thing is interval because
there is an specific distance between the house and the health facility maybe in
meter or kilometer.
 V. Differentiate the following:
1. Qualitative data in the nominal scale and Qualitative data in ordinal scale.-The
qualitative data in the nominal scale is a kind of measurement where the object of
variables are labelled and hierarchy or order is nonsense. While on the other hand,
the Qualitative data in ordinal scale this is a kind of scale measurement where the
variables has an order.
2. Quantitative data in ratio scale and Quantitative data in interval scale.- The
quantitative data in ratio is a kind of scale measurement where the variable being
measured has a starting point or zero point and then in this data there are two
variables being measured. Meanwhile, the quantitative data in interval scale is a
data where there are specific gap to the both variables.

VI. Briefly explain the meaning of the following statements:

1. Data in ratio scale can be transformed to the nominal scale but not the other way
around- The meaning of it is that in ratio there are 2 things or variable that can be
seen which can be described. Therefore those variables can be nominal because
they can be categorized however an nominal data cannot become a ratio simply
because in ratio there are two subject number categorized while on the nominal
there are only one.

VII. A midwife in rural health unit (RHU) keeps a registry of the number of babies born in her
municipality per month and their corresponding birth weights.
1. Give the specific examples of how she can apply the methods of descriptive statistics
to her data
2. Can she apply inferential statistics as well? Support your answer
- An example that a midwife can use to easily keeps a data in her municipality is that by using
the constructing statistic table or graphical presentation wherein through this method it will
let his data present easily. Another thing that the midwife can use is by using central
tendencies so that it will be easy for the midwife to measure the number of babies born in
her municipality per month by using mean to know the average number of the baby, median
to know what is most common age who gives birth and etc.
- The midwife can use inferential statistics because the midwife has data every month like
how many mother where delivering a child through that data the midwife may conduct an
estimation test to know how many ladies will be giving birth in the future days.
VIII. Indicate whether the following is a technique or tool in descriptive or inferential statistics:
1. Bar graph of the ten leading causes of morbidity in Manila – Tool in Descriptive
Statistics
2. An estimate of the proportion of undernourished preschool children derived from
prevalence survey- Technique in Inferential Statistics
3. Mean birth weight of babies delivered in lying in clinic for the entire calendar year.-
Technique in Descriptive statistics
4. Range of values of haemoglobin levels of pregnant women who came for prenatal
care at the rural health unit- Technique in inferential statistics
5. A chi-square test applied to a survey data to determine whether there is as
association between the working status of the mother and the type of infant feeding
used. – Tool in Descriptive statistics.