TWO QUADRANT CHOPPER DRIVE FOR D.

C MOTOR SPEED CONTROL

Abstract:
The main aim of the project is to develop a speed control system for DC motor using two-
quadrant chopper. Using two-quadrant chopper it is possible to demonstrate forward &braking
operation.

There are several applications with dc motors in our daily life. We require different speeds at
different instants depending on the applications. There are several techniques to control the speed of
dc motor; PWM technique is one in those. PWM stands for pulse width modulation. Pulse width
modulation (PWM) is a powerful technique for controlling analog circuits with a processor’s digital
outputs.
The purpose of the project is to implement a simple and cost effective process to control the
speed of DC motors using the two-quadrant chopper method.

In this project armature is excited by a variable dc supply obtained from two-quadrant chopper. The

system is provided with various control keys to control the motor speed and, using these keys, depending

upon the user requirements, the user can change motor speed. The speed can be varied by varying the

voltage given to the PWM converter

Moreover, the system is provided with Soft start facility i.e., starting the motor without

allowing the armature current to exceed the full load current. The major components of this

system are Micro controller ,uncontrolled rectifier using diodes, chopper using IGBT’S or L293d

or L298 depends upon the motor, control keys,

.
BLOCK DIAGRAM:

LCD DISPLAY

Power
supply

IGBT or
L293D
Micro driver
Controller circuit

KEY PAD

1-p AC

IGBT or Rectifier
L293D
Chopper

MOTOR

POWER SUPPLY:

Step Down Bridge Filter Regulator

Transformer Rectifier Circuit section
SOFTWARE USED:

1. Embedded C programming language

2. KEIL IDE for writing the program for micro controller

3. FLASH MAGIC or PROLOAD for dumping

4. ORCAD to draw the schematic diagram

HARDWARE USED:

1. AT89s52 Micro Controller

2. power supply

3. Keypad

4. LCD Display

5. IGBT Driver circuit or L293d

6. IGBT Chopper

7. DC Motor

Applications:

1. Motor speed regulation

2. In manufacturing industries
3. Speed control of DC motor

Advantages:

1. Reliable operations at large currents

2. Controls the process
3. Ease of operation