1.

BAR - the railing in a courtroom that encloses the area around the judge where prisoners
are stationed in criminal cases or where prisoners are stationed in criminal cases or where the
business of the court is transacted in civil cases.
BENCH - place where a judge sits in court; judge or panel of judges hearing a case
[MW Dictionary of LAW]

BAR - whole body of attorneys and counselors, collectively, the members of the legal
profession
BENCH - Denotes the whole body of judges
[http://lex-estudyante.blogspot.com/2012/06/legal-profession-terms-to-remember.html]

2. Bar Admission - the permission given to a lawyer to practice law under a particular court
system. The permission is given by a court that functions under the court system in which a
lawyer intents to practice.
[USLegal.com]

3. Lawyer - one whose profession is to advise clients as to legal rights and obligations and to
represent clients in legal proceedings.
[MW Dictionary of LAW]

4. TRIAL LAWYER - a lawyer who engages in chiefly trying especially plaintiff’s cases
before courts of original jurisdiction.
[MW Dictionary of LAW]

5. PRACTICING LAWYER - a lawyer who holds the license to practice law from the
bar of the concerned jurisdiction and engages himself in the practice of law as an
independent lawyer or joins a firm to undertake the practice collectively. It
excludes lawyers working as an employee of an organization.
[QUORA.com]

6. A torneys-at-law - Lawyer
[MW Dictionary of LAW]
a lawyer who is qualified to represent a client in court.
[google]
7. ATTORNEY-IN-FACT - an attorney who may or may not be a lawyer who is given
written authority to act on another’s behalf esp. By power of attorney
[MW Dictionary of LAW]

COUNSEL DE OFICIO - counsel appointed by the court to

represent and defend the accused in case he cannot afford to employ one himself
[batasnatin.com]

8. ATTORNEY - AD HOC a person named and appointed by the court to defend an absentee
defendant in the suit in which the appointment is made (Bienvenu v. Factor’s Traders Insurance
Corp., 33 La. Ann. 209)

9. ATTORNEY OF RECORD one who has filed a notice of appearance and who hence is
formally mentioned in court records as the attorney of the party. Person whom the client has
named as his agent upon whom service of papers may be made. (Reynolds v.
Reynolds. Cal. 2d580).

ATTORNEY OF COUNSEL - to distinguish them from attorneys of record, associate

attorneys are referred to as “of counsel” (5 Am. Jur. 261)
“Of counsel’, one of these mysterious law firm terms, simply means a lawyer who is
employed by a firm to do work but is not an associate or a partner.
 A part-time practitioner who practices law in association with a firm, but on a basis
different from that of the mainstream lawyers in the firm. Such part-time practitioners are
sometimes lawyers who have decided to change from a full-time practice, either with that
firm or with another, to a part-time one, or sometimes lawyers who have changed careers
entirely, as for example former judges or government officials, or attorneys who
transition from corporate/in-house practice to law firm practice.
 A retired partner of the firm who, although not actively practicing law, nonetheless
remains associated with the firm and available for occasional consultation.
 A lawyer who is, in effect, a probationary partner-to-be: usually a lawyer brought into
the firm laterally with the expectation of becoming a partner after a relatively short
period.
 A permanent status in between those of partner and associate, having the quality
of tenure, or something close to it, and lacking that of an expectation of likely
promotion to full partner status.
[https://lawschooli.com/what-does-of-counsel-mean/]

10. LEAD COUNSEL - the lawyer who controls and manages a case when there is more than
one lawyer assigned to a case
[https://www.translegal.com/legal-english-dictionary/lead-counsel]
11. HOUSE COUNSEL - a lawyer employed by a business to work in-house on its legal
matters
[MW Dictionary of LAW]

12. CLIENT - A person who employs or retains an attorney to represent him or her in
any legal business; to assist, to counsel, and to defend the individual in legal proceedings; and
to appear on his or her behalf in court.
[https://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Client]

13. AMICUS CURIAE - a friend of the court, not a party to the action; is an experienced and
impartial attorney invited by the court to appear and help in the disposition of the issues
submitted to it. It implies friendly intervention of counsel to call the attention of the court to
some matters of law or facts which might otherwise escape its notice and in regard to which it
might go wrong. [ Id. At 1]

14. AMICUS CURIAE PAR EXCELLENCE - bar associations who appear in court as amici
curiae or friends of the court. Acts merely as a consultant to guide the court in a doubtful
question or issue pending before it.
[ Ibid. ]

15. INTEGRATED BAR OF THE PHILIPPINES - an association of members of the legal

profession. [Ibid.]

16. MORAL TURPITUDE - an act or behavior that gravely violates the sentiment or
accepted standard of the community; a quality of dishonesty or other immorality that is
determined by a court to be present in the commission of a criminal offense.
[MW Dictionary of LAW]

17. AMBULANCE CHASING - the practice of lawyers, either personally or through an

agent, of approaching seafarers or other workers (or their relatives) who meet accident and
offering his legal services in order to file a case against the person(s) or companies who
caused the accident.
[ H.B. 2643]

18. BARRATRY - an unlawful act or fraudulent breach of a duty by a ship’s master or crew
that injures the interests of the ship’s or cargo’s owners - often used in marine insurance
policies.
[MW Dictionary of LAW]
19. CHAMPERTOUS CONTRACT -It is when the lawyer stipulates with his client that in
the prosecution of the case, he will bear all the expenses for the recovery of things or property
being claimed by the client and the latter agrees to pay the former a portion of the
thing/property recovered as compensation.
[http://atorni.blogspot.com/2012/08/legal-ethics-definition-of-terms.html]

20. QUANTUM MERUIT - a claim or count grounded on an implied contract that the
defendant would pay the plaintiff as much as deserved for services or materials provided; a
count in common law action for claiming payment of the value of labor provided.
- a theory or doctrine that permits recovery by a party for services or materials provided
despite the absence of an express contract when they were accepted and used by the defendant
under circumstances which gave reasonable notice that the plaintiff expected to be paid for
them
[MW Dictionary of LAW]

21. DOCTRINE OF DOUBLE DEONTOLOGY - The doctrine of double effect.

This doctrine says that if doing something morally good has a morally bad side-effect it's
ethically OK to do it providing the bad side-effect wasn't intended. This is true even if you
foresaw that the bad effect would probably happen.
[ http://www.bbc.co.uk/ethics/euthanasia/overview/doubleeffect.shtml]

22. DOCTRINE OF IMPUTED KNOWLEDGE- Imputed knowledge means the knowledge

attributed to a party because of his/her position, or his/her relationship with or responsibility
for another party. Such knowledge is attributed for the reason that the facts in issue were open
to discovery and it was that person's duty to apprise him/her of such facts.
[https://definitions.uslegal.com/i/imputed-knowledge/]
The general rule is that the principal is chargeable with and bound by the knowledge of or
notice to his agent, received while the latter was acting as such. The well-established
exception is where the conduct and dealings of the agent are such as to raise a clear
presumption that he will not communicate to the principal the facts in controversy. (G.R. No.
114311)
OTHER EXCEPTIONS:
A. Agent maintains interests that are adverse to the principal
B. The person invoking the theory of imputed knowledge is in collusion with the agent
for the purpose of defrauding the principal;
C. Agent receives confidential information
23. GROSS MISCONDUCT - Misconduct is defined as an improper or wrong conduct. It is
a transgression of some established and definite rule of action, a forbidden act, a dereliction of
duty, willful in character, and implies wrongful intent and not mere error in judgment.
[ Sterling paper vs Katipunan & Esponga]

24. CHARGING LIENS - a lien attaching to a judgement or recovery awarded to a plaintiff

and securing payment of the plaintiff’s attorney’s fees and expenses (special lien)
[MW Dictionary of LAW]

25. GOOD MORAL CHARACTER what a person really is, as distinguished

from good reputation or from the opinion generally entertained of him, the estimate in which
he is held by the public in the place where he is known.
[B.M. No. 1154]