CHAPTER 3

METHODOLOGY

3.1 INRODUCTION

In this chapter, the methods will be explain. This chapter contains information about

the methods will be use and who will be the respondents and what kind of sampling will be

use.

Lastly, in this chapter will give a detail information about data collection method and

the selected type of analysis method

3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN/STRUCTURE

A research design is a systematic approach that a researcher uses to conduct a

scientific study. It is the overall synchronization of identified components and data resulting in

a plausible outcome. To conclusively come up with an authentic and accurate result, the

research design should follow a strategic methodology, in line with the type of research

chosen. To have a better understanding of which research paper topic, to begin with, it is

imperative to first identify the types of research to start writing a research proposal.

Research design is divided into several types including qualitative research and

quantitative research. In this study the researcher used the qualitative research type. A

qualitative research design is concerned with establishing answers to the whys and hows of

the phenomenon in question (unlike quantitative). Due to this, qualitative research is often
 defined as being subjective (not objective), and findings are gathered in a written format as

opposed to numerical. It is a research method used extensively by scientists and researchers

studying human behavior, opinions, themes and motivations. For this research, method of

observation was employed. The observation method is a way to gather data by watching

people, events, or noting physical characteristics in their natural setting. Observations can be

overt (subjects know they are being observed) or covert (do not know they are being

watched). Researcher becomes a participant in the culture or context being observed. This

study aims to study the effect of being literate in participating class, it will not be a time

consuming if we used observation because we are going to study the class itself. The

researcher also explored the confidence of the students in terms of speaking in English.

The research is dealing to understand the social life and to interact with others, it is

highly recommended to used qualitative method. It will be more easier to study by observing,

because actions are better than words.

3.3 POPULATION, RESEARCH SAMPLE AN SAMPLING METHOD

Adeniyi described that population represents all conceivable elements, subjects or

observations relating to a particular area of interest to the researcher. From definition,

population can be understood as the targeted community or group of people which is

involved or selected by the researchers for their study.

 Therefore in this study, the population from which samples were derived consists of

the following group of participants/interviewees:

A.) The students of Grade 11 STEM-Vinculum in Tagaytay City Science National High School.

In this study, the researchers applied systematic sampling whereas the chosen

participants will be selected systematically or by the usage of pattern. Through this sampling

method, the researcher will be able to conduct the data collection more efficiently and would

gather relevant and useful data for the completion of the research. The study used

observation method in data collection where the researchers will observe the whole class of

STEM 11 Vinculum on how English literacy affect their learning.