Phases of the Moon Lesson Plan

Detailed Lesson Plan in Science V
I. OBJECTIVES
 Identify the eight phases of the moon
 Explain why the moon apparently changes its shape as seen on earth
 Show appreciation for the role of science in explaining the phases of
the moon
II. SUBJECT MATTER

Topic: Phases of the Moon
Reference: You and the Natural World: Science and Health Third Edition
Lilia G. Vengco; Terisita F. Religioso
Materials: Envelopes, speaker, overhead projector, laptop, and a song.
III. PROCEDURE
Teacher’s Activity Students Activity
A. Preliminaries
1. Prayer
“Everyone, stand up and let us “In the name of the Father, the Son,
pray. Lance will you lead the and the Holy Spirit Amen. Thank You
prayer.” God for all the things You’ve made our
world to be. For every single living
plant, insect, bird and tree. For caring
for us, we know You always see, our
every need, our worries, cares, our
laughter, joys and tears. Thank You
Lord that You’re our friend, You Page | 1
Our Vision Our Mission
A leading University in the Philippines recognized for its proactive To develop competitive graduates and empowered community members by
contribution to sustainable development through equitable and providing relevant, innovative and transformative knowledge, research, extension
inclusive program and services by 2030. and production programs and services through progressive enhancement of its
human resource capabilities and institutional mechanisms.
delight in all we do, especially when
You hear our prayers, and we give
thanks to You. Amen.”
“Good morning class!” “Good morning Ma’am, good morning

classmates!”
“You may take your seats.” “Thank you Ma’am.”
2. Systematic Checking of
Attendance
“Monitors, kindly report on your Group 1

attendance.” “Good morning everyone, I’m glad to
tell you that no one is absent in our
group.”
Group 2
“I’m glad to tell you that all members
in our group are present.”
Group 3
“I’m glad to tell you Ma’am that no one
is absent in our group and we are all
ready for the following activities we
will be having for today.”
Group 4
“Ma’am, I’m glad to tell you that no
one is absent in our group today.” Page | 2
“That’s good to hear, no one will
miss our lesson today.”
3. Checking of Assignment
“Before we proceed to our new

lesson, bring out your
assignment and let us check your
answers.”
Assignment: Answer the

following riddles about the
planets in our solar system.
1. I'm the planet that everyone

calls “Red,” But really my soil is
rust-colored instead. Look up
and you may spot me in the sky,
I'm the orange-colored dot, way
up high. Which planet am I?
__________________________________ “ Mars”
2. With over 63 moons, you

might say I have a lot. Look with
a telescope to see my big, red
spot. The spot is a wind storm,
swirling around. High in the
night sky is where I can be
found. Which planet am I? “Jupiter” Page | 3
3. I'm blue and green and a little
brown. I'm a small planet with
life all around. They call me the
third rock from the sun. I don't
have many moons - just one.
Which planet am I?
__________________________________ “Earth”
4. No matter how hard you look,

you'll never find me, Unless you
have a telescope to help you see.
I was once called a planet, but
not anymore. Now I'm just a
“Dwarf Planet,” but too
important to ignore.
Which planet am I?
__________________________________ “Pluto”
5. Look very close to the sun and

you'll spot, A tiny, cratered
planet that's very hot. I have no
moons but I orbit the sun very
fast. Can you guess my name at
last? Which planet am I?
__________________________________ “Mercury”
6. I'm yellow and cloudy and

super-hot. Look low in the sky,
I'm easy to spot. People call me Page | 4
the “Evening Star” From planet
Earth, I'm not very far.
Which planet am I?
__________________________________ “Venus”
7. Named for the Roman god of

the Sea, Look past Saturn and
Uranus for me. I had a black spot
that was a huge storm. Now it's
all gone, but I'll still never be
warm. Which planet am I?
__________________________________ “Neptune”
8. I'm a giant gas planet out in

space. There are bands or stripes
all over my face. When it comes
to size, I'm number two, I have
bright rings. That's an easy clue.
Which planet am I?
__________________________________ “Saturn”
9. A gas planet that's off in the

distance, Only recently they
found my rings in existence. I'm
blue and cold and far away,
People say I'm funny because I
spin sideways.
Which planet am I?
__________________________________ “Uranus”
Page | 5
“Number 10 is bonus, so add one
to your scores. Write your scores
on top of your paper. Encircle it
then pass your papers forward.”
4. Review
“So class what are the eight “The planets in our solar system are
planets in our solar system Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter,
again? Saturn, Neptune, and Uranus.”
“Very good. Why is Pluto not “Because Pluto is too small, and is too
considered a planet anymore?” far from the sun. It is now considered
as a dwarf planet.”
“That’s right. Now what are the “Planets are classified into two: Jovian
two classifications of planets?” and Terrestrial Planets.”
“What are the Jovian Planets and “Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune
why are they considered Jovian?” are designated as a Jovian Planets
because they are gaseous. They are
composed primarily of hydrogen and
helium gas with varying degrees of
heavier elements.”
“Great answer. How about “A terrestrial planet, telluric planet,

Terrestrial Planets, what planets or rocky planet is a planet that is
are considered Terrestrial?” composed primarily of silicate
rocks or metals. Within the Solar
System, the terrestrial planets are the Page | 6
inner planets closest to the Sun and
they are Mercury, Venus, Earth and
Mars.”
“Excellent. I see that most of you

fully understood our lesson
yesterday so let us proceed.”
5. Motivation
“Class, I will be playing a song

and you have to pay attention.
After the song, each one of you
will arrange jumbled letters to
form a word(s). The clue for the
words is on the song you will be
listening to. So what do you
think is the best way so that you
can answer later on?” “We should listen and don’t make any
noise.”
“Very good. Now, Let’s start.”
(Teacher will play the song)
Phases of the Moon: Rap

By: Mr. Parr
In tune of: Forget You by Cee lo
Green
Page | 7
I see it hanging all around
In the sky above and I'm like
The Moon
Oo, Oo, Oo
I guess the change in the phases
Brighten it up, I'm like
The Moon
It's a New Moon too
Is that Solar Eclipse, yeah, the
Moon blocks the Sun a bit
Ha, ain't the Sun a slit ( Sun's
not so lit)
And although there's Waxing
and Waning
I still like it best with a
New Moon
Oo, Oo, Oo
Yeah we're charting with New

it's starting
But the next phase is Waxing
Crescent
We're moving counterclockwise
the First Quarter
But that's only a quarter way
there
It's Waxing Gibbous, that looks
like a Full Moon
(Oh wait there's a part missing,
left side is dark, thinning) Page | 8
Ooooh
I got a Full Moon for you
Yeah, go run and tell your little
friends

The Moon
Oo, Oo, Oo
Brightens it up, I'm like
The Moon
It's a Full Moon too
Is that a Lunar Eclipse, yeah,
Earth's shadow casts on it
Now the Moon aint' lit (Moon's
dark a bit)
and Waning
Full Moon
Now the Full Moon changes

tomorrow
Begins Waning Gibbous so neat
Trying to keep lit in its orbit
Cause Third Quarter left half
gets heat
The Waning Crescent looks like
a "c" ascuew Page | 9
(Oh wait there's a part missing,
just thought the right side was
hiding)
Ooooh
I've got a New Moon for you
Yeah, go run and tell your little
friends

The Moon
Oo, Oo, Oo
Brighten it up, I'm like
The Moon
It's a New Moon too
Is that Solar Eclipse, yeah, the
Moon blocks the Sun a bit
Ha, ain't the Sun a slit (Sun's not
so lit)
and Waning
New Moon
Now maybe, maybe, maybe, the

Sun the Moon and the Earth are
lined up
(Spring Tide, Spring Tide,
Spring Tide) Page | 10
But when the Moon and Sun are
placed at a right angle it's not so
bad
(Neap Tide, Neap Tide, Neap
Tide,)
Why, Why, Why maybe
Oh Gravity, It's Gravity
Ooooooooooh

The Moon
Oo, Oo, Oo
Brightens it up, I'm like
The Moon
It's a Full Moon too
Is that a Lunar Eclipse, yeah,
Earth's shadow casts on it
Now the Moon ain't lit (Moon's
dark a bit)
and Waning
Full Moon
“Now class, there are envelopes

under your chairs. I’ll give you
one minute to arrange the letters
inside. Go!” Page | 11
NWE MONO “New Moon”
STRIF ONOM “First Quarter”
LUFL NOMO “Full Moon”
WINAXG CERSECTN “Waxing Crescent”
WAIXNG GBBOUIS “Waxing Gibbous”
WNAING GIOUBBS “Waning Gibbous”
SALT QAURTRE “Last Quarter”
WINGNA CRECSNET “Waning Crescent”
B. Presentation of the Lesson
“What was the song all about “It’s about the phases of the moon.”
class?”
“That’s right. In the song, the

eight phases are mentioned and
those are the words you have
just arranged.”
“Everyone we have eight phases

and they are_______________.” Page | 12
“New Moon, Full Moon, First Quarter
Moon, Last Quarter, Waning
Gibbous, Waxing Gibbous, Waning
Crescent, and Waxing Crescent.”
“Class do you think the moon

really change its shape?” “No Ma’am.”
“Right. The moon does not really

change its shape. What changes
is the amount of light reflected
from the sun as the moon
revolves around the sun.”
“Let us see the phases of the

moon in sequence of their
occurrence.”
(Teacher will show pictures of

the phases.)
New Moon
Waxing Crescent
First Quarter
Page | 13
Waxing Gibbous
Full Moon
Waning Gibbous
Last Quarter
Waning Crescent
C. Discussion
“As you see in the picture, New

Moon has its unilluminated side
facing the earth so the moon is
not visible except during a solar
eclipse.”
“By the way, are you familiar “Yes.”

with the solar eclipse?”
“When does solar eclipse occur?” “When the moon covers the sun as
seen on earth, preventing sunlight
from reaching the earth.” Page | 14
“Very good. And in a lunar
eclipse, the earth passes between
the moon and the sun. The earth
prevents sunlight from reaching
the moon.”
“Are we clear with the two “Yes Ma’am.”

now?”
“So let’s move on to the next

phase, the Waxing Crescent.
The Moon appears to be partly
but less than one-half
illuminated by direct sunlight.
The fraction of the Moon's disk
that is illuminated is increasing.”
“Next, the First Quarter where

one half of the Moon appears to
be illuminated by direct
sunlight. The fraction of the
Moon's disk that is illuminated
is increasing.”
“How about in Waxing

Gibbous, see the picture. How
much of the moon is illuminated “More than one half of the moon is
by direct sunlight?” illuminated.”
Page | 15
“Yes very good. The Moon
appears to be more than one-half
but not fully illuminated by
direct sunlight. The fraction of
the Moon's disk that is
illuminated is increasing.”
“What is the next phase?” “Full Moon.”
“Why do you think it is called “Because the moon appears to be

Full Moon?” completely illuminated.”
“That’s right. The moon appears

to be completely illuminated by
direct sunlight and that
illuminated side is facing the
earth therefore the moon is fully
visible.”
“After Full Moon is ____________?” “The Waning Gibbous.”
“Observe the picture of Waning “Waning Gibbous looks the same as

Gibbous, it looks like what?” Waxing Gibbous.”
“They look the same because

both appear to be more than
one-half but not fully
illuminated by direct sunlight
but as you can see, the Page | 16
illuminated part is on the left
side therefore the fraction of the
Moon’s disk that is illuminated
is decreasing, opposite of the
Waxing Gibbous.”
“Do you see the difference now?” “We do Ma’am.”
“Let’s go to the next phase the

Last Quarter. Observe the
picture of First and Last
Quarter. Are they the same?” “No, they are opposite.”
“Very good, both phases appear

to be one half of the moon is
illuminated, but again in First
Quarter the fraction of the
Moon's disk that is illuminated
is increasing. Since they are
opposite, what happens in Last
Quarter?” “The Moon’s disk that is illuminated is
decreasing.”
“Excellent!”
“The last phase and the

beginning of new phase is the
Waning Crescent. The Moon
appears to be partly but less
than one-half illuminated by
direct sunlight. The fraction of Page | 17
the Moon's disk that is
illuminated is decreasing.”
D. Generalization
“Class, what are the phases of “New Moon, Full Moon, First Quarter
the Moon again?” Moon, Last Quarter, Waning
Gibbous, Waxing Gibbous, Waning
Crescent, and Waxing Crescent.”
“Very good.”
“In the occurrence of these

phases, the Moon changes its
shape as viewed on earth.”
What causes these changes?” “It is caused by the amount of sunlight

reflected by the Moon as it revolves
around the sun and as it orbits around
the earth.”
“Great answer. Let us have you
activity to see if you really
understand the phases of the
moon.”
E. Application
Activity 1: Individual
“For your first activity, you have

to identify the phases of the Page | 18
moon. In the activity sheet, take
note that the unilluminated side
of the moon is the shaded one.
You have 3 minutes to do this
activity.”
5. 1. Waning Gibbous
1. 2. 2. Waxing Gibbous
3. Waning Crescent
4. Waxing Crescent
7. 8.
5. Full Moon
6. New Moon
3. 4. 7. Last Quarter
6.
8. First Quarter
Activity 2: By Pair
“Next with your seatmate, I

want you to draw the phases of
the moon that surrounds the
earth, with label and it should be
in order of their occurrence.
Remember that the moon orbits
the earth in counterclockwise
direction. Get your cardboard
and pencils now. You have 5
minutes to do this activity.”
“Do you understand?” “Yes we do.” Page | 19

Full Moon
Waning
Waxing
Gibbous
Gibbous
Last Quarter First Quarter
Waning Waxing
Crescent New Moon Crescent
Activity 3: By Group
“I will group you into eight. Each

group will get a picture of one
phase of the Moon and all you
have to do is identify and
describe the phase here in front.”
“Are you ready?” “Yes we are.”
Group 1 “The phase is Full Moon. The moon is

completely illuminated and the
illuminated side faces the earth so it is
visible on earth.”
Group 2
“Waning Gibbous. More than half of

the moon is illuminated but the
fraction of the Moon’s disk that is Page | 20
Group 3
“Last Quarter. One half of the moon is
illuminated and the fraction is
decreasing because the light is
reflected on the left side of the moon.”
Group 4
“Waxing Crescent. Less than one half
of the moon is illuminated. The
fraction of the illuminated part is
increasing.”
Group 5 “Waxing Gibbous. More than one half

of the Moon is illuminated facing the
earth. The fraction of the Moon’s disk
illuminated part is increasing.”
Group 6
“New Moon. The Moon’s
unilluminated side is facing the earth
that is why it is not visible. It can only
be visible at times of solar eclipse,
when the moon prevents sunlight
from reaching the earth.”
Group 7
“Waning Crescent. Less than one half
of the Moon is illuminated. The
fraction of the Moon’s disk that is
Page | 21
Group 8
“First Quarter. Half of the moon is
illuminated. The fraction of the
Moon’s disk that is illuminated is
increasing.”
“Excellent Class! All of you are

able to describe the phases
assigned to your group. Let us
see if you can identify and
describe all the phases now.”
“Go back to your seats and

prepare for your quiz.”
IV. EVALUATION
Identify the phases of the moon and the terms being described in each item.
Wrong spelling is wrong.
_________1. The Moon’s unilluminated part is facing the earth, it is not visible except
during solar eclipse.
_________2. The Moon is completely illuminated and the illuminated side is visible on
earth.
_________3. Waxing ________ is when more than half of the moon is illuminated and
the fraction that is illuminated is increasing.
Page | 22
_________4. The fraction of the Moon’s disk that is illuminated is increasing but only
one fourth of the moon is illuminated.
_________5. Half of the Moon is illuminated and the fraction of the illuminated part is
decreasing.
_________6. More than half of the moon is unilluminated, the Moon illuminated part
is decreasing.
_________7. Half of the moon is unilluminated but the fraction of the Moon’s disk that
is illuminated by direct sunlight is increasing.
_________8. More than half of the moon is illuminated and the unilluminated part is
increasing.
_________9. It is when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth also when the
Moon partially or fully prevents sunlight from reaching the earth.
_________10. This phenomenon occurs when the Moon passes directly behind Earth
and into its shadow. This can occur only when the Sun, Earth, and the
Moon are aligned exactly or very closely so, with the planet in between.
V. ASSIGNMENT
A. Make a descriptive essay about the Phases of the Moon. All phases should
be described in your essay. Write it on a short bond paper.
B. Draw the Phases of the Moon in a cardboard with labels.
Page | 23
Detailed Lesson Plan in Mathematics V
I. OBJECTIVES
 Define polygon
 Identify different types of polygon
 Give the number of sides and angles of a given polygon accurately
II. SUBJECT MATTER

Topic: Polygons
Reference: Integrative Mathematics V
Materials: Cardboards,
III. PRODEDURE
Teacher’s Activity Students Activity
A. Preliminaries
1. Prayer
“Everyone, stand up and let us “In the name of the Father, the Son,
pray. Sheree will you lead the and the Holy Spirit Amen. Thank You
prayer.” God for all the things You’ve made
our world to be. For every single
living plant, insect, bird and tree. For
caring for us, we know You always
see, our every need, our worries,
cares, our laughter, joys and tears.
Page | 24
Thank You Lord that You’re our
friend, You delight in all we do,
especially when You hear our prayers,
and we give thanks to You. Amen.”
“Good morning class!” “Good morning Ma’am, good morning

classmates!”
“You may take your seats.” “Thank you Ma’am.”
2. Systematic Checking of
Attendance
“Monitors, kindly report on your Group 1

attendance.” “Good morning everyone, I’m glad to
tell you that no one is absent in our
group.”
Group 2
“I’m glad to tell you that all members
in our group are present.”
Group 3
“I’m glad to tell you Ma’am that no
one is absent in our group and we are
all ready for the following activities
we will be having for today.”
Group 4
“Ma’am, I’m glad to tell you that no Page | 25
one is absent in our group today.”
“That’s good to hear, no one will

miss our lesson today.”
3. Checking of Assignment
“Everyone get your assignments

and let us check your answers.”
Assignment: Illustrate the

following.
1. Line 1.
2. Line Segment 2.
3. Point 3.
4. Ray 4.
5. Angle 5.
“Who got 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, and 0?” (Pupils will raise their hands

according to their scores.)
“Pass your papers to the
monitors.”
4. Review
“Let us have a quick recall

about what we have discussed
yesterday. Anyone who can tell “Yesterday we discussed about, line,
me?” line segment, point, angle, and ray.” Page | 26
“Okay. What is a line again?” “It is a line of point extended
infinitely in both directions.”
“How about a line segment?” “A line segment is a part of a line that

is bounded by two distinct end
points, and contains every point on
the line between its endpoints.”
“Very good. Anyone who can “A ray has one end point and the
define a ray?” other side extends to infinity.”
“Nice one. How about a point?” “A point in geometry is a location. It

has no size i.e. no width, no length
and no depth. A point is shown by a
dot.”
“Last. What is an angle?” “An angle is the figure formed by two

rays, called the sides of the angle,
sharing a common endpoint, called
the vertex of the angle.”
“That’s great class!”
5. Motivation
Page | 27

Phases of the Moon Lesson Plan

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Detailed Lesson Plan in Science V

II. SUBJECT MATTER

Teacher’s Activity Students Activity

“Good morning class!” “Good morning Ma’am, good morning

“You may take your seats.” “Thank you Ma’am.”

“Monitors, kindly report on your Group 1

“Before we proceed to our new

Assignment: Answer the

1. I'm the planet that everyone

2. With over 63 moons, you

4. No matter how hard you look,

5. Look very close to the sun and

6. I'm yellow and cloudy and

7. Named for the Roman god of

8. I'm a giant gas planet out in

9. A gas planet that's off in the

“Great answer. How about “A terrestrial planet, telluric planet,

“Excellent. I see that most of you

“Class, I will be playing a song

(Teacher will play the song)

Phases of the Moon: Rap

Yeah we're charting with New

I see it hanging all around

Now the Full Moon changes

I see it hanging all around

Now maybe, maybe, maybe, the

I see it hanging all around

“Now class, there are envelopes

STRIF ONOM “First Quarter”

LUFL NOMO “Full Moon”

WINAXG CERSECTN “Waxing Crescent”

WAIXNG GBBOUIS “Waxing Gibbous”

WNAING GIOUBBS “Waning Gibbous”

SALT QAURTRE “Last Quarter”

WINGNA CRECSNET “Waning Crescent”

B. Presentation of the Lesson

“That’s right. In the song, the

“Everyone we have eight phases

“Class do you think the moon

“Right. The moon does not really

“Let us see the phases of the

(Teacher will show pictures of

“As you see in the picture, New

“By the way, are you familiar “Yes.”

“Are we clear with the two “Yes Ma’am.”

“So let’s move on to the next

“Next, the First Quarter where

“How about in Waxing

“What is the next phase?” “Full Moon.”

“Why do you think it is called “Because the moon appears to be

“That’s right. The moon appears

“After Full Moon is ____________?” “The Waning Gibbous.”

“Observe the picture of Waning “Waning Gibbous looks the same as

“They look the same because

“Do you see the difference now?” “We do Ma’am.”

“Let’s go to the next phase the

“Very good, both phases appear

“The last phase and the

“In the occurrence of these

What causes these changes?” “It is caused by the amount of sunlight

“For your first activity, you have

“Next with your seatmate, I