763. Hacienda Luisita v. Pac – 653 a. Definition 782. People v.

Canton, GR 148825,
SCRA 154 764. People Pavillare, GR 129970, Dec. 27, 2002
April 5, 2000
I. Section 12. (1) Any person under 765. People v. Bandula - 232 SCRA II. Instances of Custodial Investigations
investigation for the commission 566
of an offense shall have the right 766. Navallo v. Sandiganbayan - 234 Cases
to be informed of his right to SCRA 175 783. People v. Isla- 278 SCRA 47
remain silent and to have 767. Sebastian v. Garchitorena, GR 784. People v. Salazar – 266 SCRA
competent and independent 114028, October 18, 2000 607
counsel preferably of his own 768. OCA v. Sumulong, 271 SCRA 785. People v. Casimiro, GR 146277,
choice. If the person cannot afford 316 June 20, 2002
the services of counsel, he must 769. People v. Almanzor, GR 786. People v. Castro – 274 SCRA
be provided with one. These rights 124918, July 11, 2002 (no need for 115
cannot be waived except in counsel) 787. People v. Bolanos – 211 SCRA
writing and in the presence of 770. People v. Valdez, GR 129296, 262
counsel. x x x (2) No torture, September 25, 2000 788. People v. Lim - 196 SCRA 809
force, violence, threat, 771. People v. Marra - 236 SCRA 565
intimidation, or any other means 772. People v. Labtan, G.R. No. III.Rights When Under Custodial
which violate the free will shall be 127493, December 8, 1999 Investigations
used against him. Secret 773. Manuel v. NC Construction –
detention places, solitary, 282 SCRA 326 a. Procedural Requirements
incommunicado, or other similar 774. People v. de la Cruz, GR 789. Miranda v. Arizona- 384 US 436
forms of detention are prohibited. 137405, Sept. 27, 2002 790. People v. Mahinay – GR 122485
x x x (3) Any confession or 775. *People v. Camat- 256 SCRA 52 February 1, 1999
admission obtained in violation of 776. People v. Evangelista - 256 791. People v. Camat - 256 SCRA 52
this or Section 17 hereof shall be SCRA 611
inadmissible in evidence against 777. People v. Andan – 269 SCRA 95 b. Duty of an officer during
him. x x x (4) The law shall 778. People v. Artellero, GR 129211, custodial investigation
provide for penal and civil October 2, 2000 792. People v. de la Cruz, GR
sanctions for violations of this 779. People v. De Jesus – 213 SCRA 137405, Sept. 27, 2002
section as well as compensation to 345 793. People v. Salcedo – 273 SCRA
the rehabilitation of victims of 780. People v. Legaspi, GR 117802, 473
torture or similar practices, and April 27, 2000
their families. c. When the rights of custodial
b. Rationale investigation may be invoked
I. Custodial Investigation, In General 781. Miranda v. Arizona 384 US 436
794. People v. Loveria - 187 SCRA 808. People v. Lamsing - 248 SCRA 825. Almendras, Jr. v. Almendras,
47 471 GR No. 179491, 2015
795. Sebastian v. Garchitorena, GR 809. People v. Maqueda - 242 SCRA
114028, October 18, 2000 565 iii. Effective and vigilant
796. People v. Tan – 286 SCRA 207 810. People v. Macam – 238 SCRA counsel defined
306
d. The right to remain silent 811. People v. De Jesus – 213 SCRA Cases
797. People v. Bandin – 226 SCRA 345 826. People v. Sunga, GR 126029,
299 812. People v. Dimaano – 209 SCRA March 27, 2003
798. People v. Lacbanes – 270 SCRA 819 827. People v. Velarde, GR 139333,
193 813. People v. Compil - 244 SCRA July 18, 2002
799. People v. Morico – 246 SCRA 135 828. People v. Culala, GR 83466,
214 814. People v. Loveria - 187 SCRA October 13, 1999
800. People v. Ang Chun Kit – 251 47 829. People v. Gerolago – 263 SCRA
SCRA 660 143
801. People v. De Las Marinas – 196 ii. When presence of 830. People v. Paule – 261 SCRA 649
SCRA 504 counsel is required 831. People v. Delmo, GR 130078,
802. People v. Castro – 274 SCRA Oct. 4, 2002
115 Cases 832. People v. de la Cruz, GR
803. People v. Enriquez – 204 SCRA 815. People v. Rodriguez - 232 SCRA 137405, Sept. 27, 2002
674 227 833. People v. Lucero - 249 SCRA
804. People v. De Castro, G.R. No. 816. Estacio v. Sandiganbayan – 183 425
171672 SCRA 12 834. People v. Espanola – 271 SCRA
817. People v. Bandula - 232 SCRA 689
a. The right to counsel 566 835. People v. Bacor – GR 122895
818. People v. Isla- 278 SCRA 47 April 30, 1999
i. When to invoke 819. People v. Jimenez - 204 SCRA 836. People v. Sahagun – 274 SCRA
719 208
Cases 820. People v. Cortes, 323 SCRA 131 837. People v. Taliman, GR 109143,
805. People v. Sunga, GR 126029, 821. People v. Rous - 242 SCRA 732 October 11, 2000
Mar. 29, 2003 822. People v. Espanola – 271 SCRA 838. People v. Espiritu – GR 128287
806. People v. Labtan, G.R. No. 689 February 2, 1999
127493, December 8, 1999 823. People v.Zuela, 325 SCRA 589 839. People v. Barasina - 229 SCRA
807. People v. Sapal, GR 124526, 824. People v. Macabalang 508 450
March 17, 2000 SCRA 282 840. People v. Alegria - 190 SCRA
122
841. People v. Suarez – 267 SCRA vi. Assistance after start of ix. Failure to object to
119 custodial investigation confession made without
842. People v. Parojinog - 203 SCRA 857. People v. Matigunas, 379 SCRA counsel
673 56 871. People v. Gonzales, GR
843. People v. Baello – 224 SCRA 858. People v. Suela, supra. 142932, May 29, 2002
218 872. People v. Tamayo, GR 137856,
844. Galman v. Pamaran – 138 SCRA vii. Valid confession with July, 30, 2002
295 counsel 873. People v. Samus, GR 135957,
845. People v. Jerez – 285 SCRA 393 859. People v. Tablon, 379 SCRA Sept. 17, 2002
846. People v. Ranis, GR 129113, 280 874. People v. Avendano, GR
Sept. 17, 2002 860. People v. Principe, GR 135862, 137407, Jan. 28, 2003
847. People v. Dumalahay, 380 May 2, 2002 875. People v. Mole, GR 137366,
SCRA 37 861. People v. Oranza, GR 127748, Nov. 27, 2003
848. People v. Pamon – 217 SCRA July 25, 2002
501 862. People v. Canicula, GR 131802, x. Right to be informed
849. People v. Cabiles – 284 SCRA Aug. 6, 2002 876. People v. Manriquez, GR
199 122510-11, March 17, 2000
850. People v. Gallardo, 323 SCRA viii. Confession without 877. Magtoto v. Manguera - 63 SCRA
318 counsel 4
851. People v. Base, GR 109773, 863. People v. Casimiro, GR 146277, 878. People v. Camat- 256 SCRA 52
March 30, 2000 June 20, 2002 879. People v. Alegria - 190 SCRA
852. People v. Obrero, GR 122142, 864. People v. Ochate, GR 127154, 122
May 17, 2000 July 30, 2002 880. People v. Sabban – 260 SCRA
853. Cariaga v. People – 626 SCRA 865. People v. Mendez, GR 147671, 630
231 Nov. 21, 2002 (reiterates P. v. 881. People v. Barlis - 231 SCRA 426
Morada) 882. People v. Agustin - 240 SCRA
iv. Independence 866. People v. Lauga – 615 SCRA 541
854. People v. Porio, 376 SCRA 596 548 883. People v. Samolde, GR 128551,
867. Lumanog v. People – 630 SCRA July 31, 2000
v. Competence 42 884. People v. Sevilla, GR 124077,
855. People v. Suela, supra, 373 868. People v. Tumaco – 610 SCRA September 5, 2000
SCRA 163 350l 885. People v. Muleta – GR 130189
856. Uyboco v. People Of The 869. People v. Bokingo – 655 SCRA June 25, 1999
Philippines, G.R. No. 211703, 313 886. People v. Tizon, GR 133228,
December 10, 2014 870. People v. Uy – 649 SCRA 236 July 30, 2002
887. People v. Llenaresas - 248 ii. Must be voluntary, 915. People v. Alicando - 251 SCRA
SCRA 629 knowing and intelligent 293
888. People v. Cajara, GR 122498, 901. People v. Nicolas - 204 SCRA 916. People v. Maneng, GR 123147,
September 27, 2000 191 October 13, 2000
889. People v. Manriquez, GR 902. People v. Agustin - 240 SCRA 917. People v. Llanes, GR 140268,
122510-11, March 17, 2000 541 September 18, 2000
890. People v. Samolde, GR 128551, 918. People v. Deang, GR 128045,
July 31, 2000 V. Extrajudicial Confessions August 24, 2000
919. People v. Avendano, GR
IV. Waiver of Rights a. Difference between admission 137407, Jan. 28, 2003
and confession 920. People v. Espanola – 271 SCRA
a. Requisites of a valid waiver 689
903. Ladiana v. People, GR 144293, 921. People v. Nicolas, GR 135877,
i. Must Be in Writing and in Dec. 4, 2002 Aug. 22, 2002
the Presence of Counsel 904. People v. Maqueda - 242 SCRA 922. People v. Sabalones – 294
565 SCRA 751
891. People v. Taliman, GR 109143, 923. People v. Mahinay, 302 SCRA
October 11, 2000 b. Requisites for valid 455
892. People v. Gomez – 270 SCRA extrajudicial confession 924. People v. Lising – 285 SCRA
432 595
893. People v. Cabintoy – 247 SCRA 905. People v. Dano, GR 117690, 925. People v. Obrero, GR 122142,
442 September 1, 2000 May 17, 2000
894. People v. Corullo – 289 SCRA 906. People v. Pagaura – 267 SCRA 926. People v. Capitle – 639 SCRA
481 17 373
895. People v. Olivarez – GR 77865 907. People v. Calvo – 269 SCRA 676 927. Jesalva v. People – 640 SCRA
December 4, 1998 908. People v. Tan – 286 SCRA 207 253
896. People v. Ruelan - 231 SCRA 909. People v. Olivarez – GR 77865 928. People v. Capitle – 639 SCRA
650 December 4 373
897. People v. Simon - 234 SCRA 910. People v. Base, GR 109773,
555 March 30, 2000 c. Voluntariness
898. Malacat v. CA – (supra, 911. People v. Continente, GR
Warrantless Arrests) 100801-02, August 25, 2000 929. People v. Santos – 283 SCRA
899. People v. Bacor, 306 SCRA 522 912. People v. Naag, 322 SCRA 710 443
900. People v. Quidato – GR 117160 913. People v. Fabro – 277 SCRA 19 930. People v. Alvarez, GR 140388-
or 6 October 1, 1998 914. People v. Sinoc – 275 SCRA 357 91, Nov. 11, 2003
931. Astudillo v. People - 509 SCRA 948. People v. De Vera, G.R. No.
302 128966, August 18, 1999 a. Preliminary investigation
932. Jesalva v. People – 640 SCRA 949. People v. Santos – 283 SCRA
253 443 961. People v. Judge Ayson - 175
950. Santos v. Sandiganbayan, GR SCRA 216
d. Presumptions 71523-25, December 8, 2000
951. People v. Magdamit – 279 SCRA PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION
933. People v. Alicando - 251 SCRA 423 I. RULE 112 – PRELIMINARY
293 952. People v. Aquino, GR 130742, INVESTIGATION
934. People v. Camat- 256 SCRA 52 July 18, 2000
935. People v. Figueroa, GR 134056, 953. People v. Hernandez – (supra, Additional readings:
July 6, 2000 Warrantless Arrests) - Section 2(b)(i)(ii)(iii), AM No.
936. People v. Dano, GR 117690, 954. People v. Sabalones – 294 15-06-10-SC
September 1, 2000 SCRA 751
937. People v. Maneng, GR 123147, 955. People v. Calvo – 269 SCRA 676 Cases:
October 13, 2000 956. People v. del Rosario, G.R. No. 962. Santos-Concio et al. v. DOJ Sec,
938. People v. Vallejo, GR 144656, 131036, June 20, 2001 G.R. No. 175057, 29 January 2008,
May 9, 2002 543 SCRA 70
939. People v. Sahagun – 274 SCRA e. To whom such confession can 963. Borlongan v. Pena, G.R. No.
208 be used against 143591, 23 November 2007, 538
940. People v. Sabban – 260 SCRA SCRA 221
630 957. People v. Lising – 285 SCRA 964. Estrada v. Ombudsman, G.R.
941. People v. Ranis, GR 129113, 595 No. 212140-41, 21 January 2015, 748
Sept. 17, 2002 958. Santos v. Sandiganbayan, GR SCRA 1
942. People v. Rous - 242 SCRA 732 71523-25, December 8, 2000 965. Racho v. Miro, G.R. No. 168578,
943. People v. Parojinog - 203 SCRA 959. Tan v. People, G.R. No. 134298, 30 September 2008, 567 SCRA 213
673 August 26, 1999 966. Tolentino v. Paqueo, G.R. No.
944. People v. Montiero – 246 SCRA 150606, 7 June 2007, 523 SCRA 377
786 f. Lawyer given by police 967. Crespo v. Mogul, L-53373, 30
945. People v. Ruelan - 231 SCRA investigator; valid confession June 1987, 151 SCRA 462
650 968. Baltazar v. People, G.R. No.
946. People v. Aquino – GR 123550- 960. Aquino v. Paiste, 555 S 255 174016, 28 July 2008, 560 SCRA 278
51 July 19, 1999 969. Chan v. DOJ Sec, G.R. No.
947. People v. Tolentino, 423 SCRA 147065, 14 March 2008, 548 SCRA
448 VI. When Custodial Investigations 337
May Not Apply
970. Villaflor v. Vivar, G.R. No. 980. People v. Tobias – 266 SCRA ii. Exceptions
134744, 16 January 2001, 349 SCRA 229
194 981. OCA v. Sumulong, 271 SCRA 996. People v. Hatton – 210 SCRA 1
971. San Agustin v. People, G.R. No. 316 997. People v. Gamer, 326 SCRA
158211, 31 August 2004, 437 SCRA f. Police line-up 660
392 998. People v. Teehankee, Jr. – 249
972. Ladlad v. Velasco, G.R. No. i. General rule SCRA 54 (supra, Procedural)
172070-72, 172074-76, 175013, 1 999. People v. Meneses – 288 SCRA
June 2007, 523 SCRA 318 982. People v. Piedad, GR 131923, 95
Dec. 5, 2002 (no need for counsel)
b. Voluntary surrender 983. People v. Lamsing – 248 SCRA g. Spontaneous statements
471
973. People v. Taylaran – 108 SCRA 984. People v. Frago - 232 SCRA 653 1000. People v. Barrientos – 285
373 985. Gamboa v. Judge Cruz - 162 SCRA 221
SCRA 675 1001. Arroyo v, CA - 203 SCRA 750
c. Audit examination 986. People v. Salvatierra – 276 1002. People v. Andan – 269 SCRA 95
SCRA 55 (supra, Warrantless Arrests) 1003. People v. Dumantay, 307 SCRA
974. Navallo v. Sandiganbayan - 234 987. Dela Torre v. CA – 294 SCRA 1
SCRA 175 196 1004. People v. Morada – GR 129723
975. Kimpo v. Sandiganbayan - 232 988. People Pavillare, GR 129970, May 19, 1999
SCRA 53 April 5, 2000 1005. People v. Dano, GR 117690,
989. People v. Timple - 237 SCRA 52 September 1, 2000
d. Administrative investigation 990. People v. Dimaano – 209 SCRA 1006. People v. Ulit, 423 SCRA 374
819
976. Manuel v. NC Construction – 991. People v. Loveria - 187 SCRA h. Marked money
282 SCRA 326 47
977. Remolona v. Civil Service 992. People v. Tolentino, 423 SCRA 1007. People v. Linsangan – 195
Commission, G.R. No.13747, August 448 SCRA 784
2, 2001 993. People v. Martinez, 425 SCRA
978. Sebastian v. Garchitorena, GR 525 i. Booking sheets
114028, October 18, 2000 994. People v. Sultan, GR 130594,
979. Escleo v. Durado, AM no. P-99- July 5, 2000 1008. People v. Ang Chun Kit – 251
1312, July 31, 2002 995. People v. Escordial, 373 SCRA SCRA 660
585 (line- up after custodial
e. Not in police custody investigation starts,requires counsel) j. Paraffin Test
1009. People v. Gamboa – 194 SCRA
372
k. When body of the accused is
examined
1010. People v. Sinoc – 275 SCRA 357
1011. People v. Piedad, GR 131923,
Dec. 5, 2002 (no need for counsel)
1012. Gutang v. People, GR 135406,
July 11, 2000
1013. People v. Paynor – 256 SCRA
611
l. Taking of pictures
1014. People v. Gallarde, 325 SCRA
835
m. Incident to a lawful arrest
1015. People v. Enriquez – 204 SCRA
674
1016. Marcelo v. Sandiganbayan – GR
109242 January 26, 1999
VII. The Exclusionary Rule
a. Violation of rights
1017. People v. Simon - 234 SCRA
555
1018. People v. Hermoso, GR 130590,
October 18, 2000
1019. People v. Pinlac - 165 SCRA 675
1020. People v. Bacamante - 248 1040. People v. Rivera – 245 SCRA
SCRA 47 421
1021. People v. Andan – 269 SCRA 95 1041. People v. Meneses – 288 SCRA
1022. People v. Montes – GR 117166 95
December 13, 1998 1042. People v. Figueroa, GR 134056,
1023. People v. Salcedo – 273 SCRA July 6, 2000
473 1043. People v. Paburada, GR
1024. People v. Macoy – 275 SCRA 1 137118, December 5, 2000
1025. People v. Arceo - 202 SCRA 170 1044. People v. Lapitaje, GR 132042,
1026. People v. Atrejenio – GR Feb. 19, 2003
120160 July 13, 1999
1027. Tan v. People, G.R. No. 134298, b. Immunity against self-
August 26, 1999 incrimination
1028. People v. Binamira – 277 SCRA
232 1045. Galman v. Pamaran – (supra,
1029. People v. Turingan – 282 SCRA Custodial Investigation)
424
1030. People v. Pagaura – 267 SCRA c. Re-enactments
17
1031. People v. Quidato – GR 117401 1046. People v. Suarez – 267 SCRA
October 1, 1998 119
1032. People v. Sequino – 264 SCRA
79 d. Applicability to aliens
1033. People v. Alicando - 251 SCRA
293 1047. People v. Wong Chuen Ming -
1034. People v. Agustin - 240 SCRA 256 SCRA 182
541
1035. People v. Paglinawan, 324 e. Verbal confessions
SCRA 97
1036. People v. Alegria - 190 SCRA 1048. People v. Deniego – 251 SCRA
122 626
1037. People v. Bravo, GR 13562 1049. People v. Bonola – 274 SCRA
1038. People v. Bariquit, GR 122733, 238
October 2, 2000 1050. People v. Suela, 373 SCRA 163
1039. People v. Malimit – 264 SCRA (confession to private party)
167
1051. People v. Taboga, 376 SCRA VIII. Rights After Custodial
500 (confession to private party) Investigation
1052. People v. Baloloy, GE 140740,
Apr. 12, 2002 (res gestae) 1063. People v. Alicando - 251 SCRA
1053. People v. Guillermo, 420 S 326 293
1064. People v. De Guzman - 194
f. Co-accused not bound SCRA 191

1054. People v. Camat- 256 SCRA 52

g. Who may raise the question

1055. People v. Balisteros - 237 SCRA

499

h. When must the objection be

raised

1056. People v. Samus, GR 135957,

Sept. 17, 2002
1057. People v. Montilla – 285 SCRA
703
1058. People v. Salvatierra – 276
SCRA 55
1059. Gamboa v. Judge Cruz - 162
SCRA 675
1060. Macasiray v. People – 291 SCRA
154

i. Admissible evidence

1061. People v. Espiritu, 302 SCRA

533
1062. People v. Lumandong, 327
SCRA 650